Dobronín

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Dobronín
Dobronín coat of arms
Dobronín (Czech Republic)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic
Region : Kraj Vysočina
District : Jihlava
Area : 1,373 ha
Geographic location : 49 ° 29 '  N , 15 ° 39'  E Coordinates: 49 ° 28 '45 "  N , 15 ° 39' 2"  E
Height: 475  m nm
Residents : 1,869 (Jan 1, 2019)
Postal code : 588 12
License plate : J
traffic
Street: Štoky - Polná
Railway connection: Znojmo – Kolín
Dobronín – Polná
structure
Status: local community
Districts: 1
administration
Mayor : Ivan Sehnal (as of 2015)
Address: Dobronín 221
588 12 Dobronín
Municipality number: 587028
Website : www.dobronin.cz

Dobronín (German Dobrenz ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located twelve kilometers northeast of Jihlava and belongs to the Okres Jihlava .

geography

The place lies on both sides of the Zlatý potok ( Goldbach ) at the confluence of several tributaries in the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands . State road 348 between Štoky and Polná runs through Dobronín ; The route of the D 1 motorway with the exit to Štoky runs five kilometers southwest of Střítež . The village has a stop on the long-distance railway line from Prague to Znojmo , from which a branch line leads to Polná in Dobronín.

Neighboring towns are Kamenná in the north, Nové Dvory in the northeast, Lísek, Polná and Filipovské Chaloupky in the east, Věžnička and Ždírec in the southeast, Střítež in the south, Antonínův Důl and Červený Kříž in the southwest, Zvonějov in the west and Štoky and Pozovice in the west.

history

The two neighboring towns of Dobrenz and Deutsch Schützendorf were only separated from each other by the Zlatý potok and have many historical similarities. They were created in the 13th century during the colonization of Moravia under the Přemyslids by German settlers and were part of the Jihlava language island.

First news about Dobrenz comes from 1233 and since 1351 the village has been documented as part of the rulership of stepsz and owned by the lords of Leipa . In the middle of the 15th century, the Leskovec from Haslavy acquired the rule with the associated villages and their successors from 1467 were the Trčka from Lípa . At that time, Deutsch Schützendorf also belonged to the rule steps and then became part of the rule Stecken . During the 15th and 16th centuries, the owners changed several times and after the rule came back to the Trčka von Lípa, Jan the Elder sold Trčka from Lípa Stepsz and Dobrenz in 1536 to the city of Jihlava . In 1596 Iglau also acquired Stecken including Deutsch Schützendorf and in 1597 Dobrenz was sold to Hertwig Zeidlitz von Schönfeld on Primislau and Polna . Dobrenz Polna remained a part of it until the patrimonial rule was replaced in 1848 and then became an independent municipality.

In 1625, Johann Heidler von Bukau, a citizen of Jihlava, bought Deutsch Schützendorf and in 1678 Johann Anton Pachta became the new owner. Pachta had a hunting lodge built in the forest near stepsz, which he named Karlswald in 1711 on the occasion of the imperial coronation . Between 1725 and 1735 Philipp Ludwig von Sinzendorf was the owner of steps and Deutsch Schützendorf. He founded the Philippsdorf settlement in 1733. Bishop Moritz Adolf Karl von Sachsen-Zeitz-Neustadt acquired the rule from Bishop Sinzendorf , who sold it to Joseph Karl Palm von Gundelfingen in 1748 . In 1840 it was sold to the Hohenzollern family . After patrimonial was replaced, Deutsch Schützendorf became an independent municipality in 1848. In 1863 the Hohenzollern merged their property in Deutsch Schützendorf and steps to Fideikommiß . On January 20, 1871, the Austrian Northwest Railway took up traffic on the route from Stecken to Polna and Deutsch Schützendorf received a train station. In 1876 the rope manufacturer Jaroslav Pittner from Polna in Deutsch Schützendorf founded a glass factory and glass grinding shop, which was acquired by Josef Inwald AG at the beginning of the 20th century. In 1888 Pittner built a steam brick.

Dobrenz including its district Philippsdorf had 640 inhabitants in 1892 and in 1902 613 people lived in Deutsch Schützendorf. Both villages belonged to the political district of Deutschbrod and the judicial district of Stecken .

After the end of the Second World War , the community came back to Czechoslovakia on May 8, 1945. The German residents were expelled until 1946 . On December 14, 1948, the unification of Dobronín and Německý Šicndorf to the new municipality Dobronín with 1257 inhabitants. Single-family houses were built at the brickworks. The largest employer in the village is the Jihlavské sklárny Bohemia as glass factory, which produces cut Bohemian lead crystal .

Německý Šicndorf massacre

After the end of the Second World War, there were pogroms in Německý Šicndorf (German Schützendorf) against the German population by a self-appointed local Revolutionary Guard who set up a makeshift internment camp in the village. 15 of the internees disappeared without a trace, according to reports from contemporary witnesses, after a victory celebration on the night of May 19, 1945 on the eastern outskirts of Dobronín, not far from the railway, a wild execution should have taken place. In this meadow, popularly known as Budínka, human bones were later found. In August 2010, police excavations confirmed the existence of the mass grave on the Budínka. The remains of at least 13 people were found, eight of whom could be identified by DNA comparison. Another mass grave discovered in May 2011 is also being investigated. 12 out of 15 dead could be identified by DNA samples. A burial of Germans in Dobronín was refrained from after popular protests. After inauguration by Czech and German priests, it will take place on September 15, 2012 in the central cemetery in Jihlava.

Local division

No districts are designated for the municipality of Dobronín. The hamlets Filipovské Chaloupky ( Philippsdorf ) and Cihelna ( brickworks ) as well as the locality Střelecká ( German Schützendorf ) belong to Dobronín . Today there are 34 residents in Filipovské Chaloupky and 26 in Cihelna.

Attractions

  • Chapel on the road to Štoky

Sons and daughters of the church

  • Franz Vytlacil (1887–1979), member of the state parliament of Upper Austria from 1945 to 1949 and mayor of Thalheim near Wels , born in Deutsch Schützendorf

literature

Individual evidence

  1. Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
  2. Dana Čírtková: U Dobronína na po Jihlavsku pátrají masovém hrobu z roku 1945. ( Memento of 7 October 2011 at the Internet Archive ) On: www.pressweb.cz, dated August 17, 2010.
    Michal Pohl: Existence masového hrobu potvrzena. Ostatky odhaleny. On: pelhrimovsky.denik.cz, August 17, 2010.
    Wolf Oschlies: The perpetrators are still alive. ( Memento from October 20, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
  3. a b online edition of the world from January 26, 2012
  4. Press releases (Krone, September 10, 2012)

Web links

Commons : Dobronín  - collection of images, videos and audio files