Gahlen (Vetschau / Spreewald)

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Coordinates: 51 ° 43 ′ 48 ″  N , 14 ° 1 ′ 8 ″  E
Residents : 150
Incorporation : January 1, 1957
Incorporated into: Miss
Postal code : 03226
Area code : 03541

Gahlen , Gołyń in Lower Sorbian , is part of the municipality of Missen , a district of the city of Vetschau / Spreewald in the northeast of the Oberspreewald-Lausitz district in southern Brandenburg .

location

Gahlen is located in Niederlausitz, east of the Niederlausitzer Landrück nature park , about five kilometers east-southeast of Calau and about 7.5 kilometers as the crow flies southwest of Vetschau / Spreewald. The district of Gahlen was combined with the district of Missen. Corridor 4 corresponds to the former district of Gahlen. It bordered in the north on Saßleben and Bolschwitz , in the east on Missen, in the south on Ogrosen and Buchwäldchen and in the west on the former district of Altnau (today in Calau). The town center is 72  m above sea level. NHN . In the center of the village there is a church and the village pond.

In the center of Gahlen, the K6624 turns off from Bolschwitz to Missen. There it meets the L525, which continues to Vetschau / Spreewald. From the L52 Calau to Ogrosen, a small road turns west of Gahlen to Gahlen. The New Vetschauer Mühlenfließ runs in the north-west of the former district . The Gahlener Graben runs from the town center to the Vetschauer Mühlenfließ.

The Alte Schäferei and Gahlener Ziegelei residential areas are located in the former Gahlen district.

history

Gahlen was first documented in a document as Galyn in 1377. In 1346 and 1495 the place was called Galyn , in 1560 Galen and 1761 Golin . The name cannot be clearly interpreted. Siegfried Körner names an origin of aso as an interpretation. * Golyńa or * Golina , to aso. * gol'a heather, forest, coniferous forest, also Ernst Eichler. A second possibility would be a derivation from a personal name aso. * Golin place of a Gol-´ . According to the village structure, it was a west-east oriented, closed dead end village to the east with an estate that only emerged in the northern row of houses in the late Middle Ages / early modern times. It is therefore a Plandorf from the time of the German colonization , probably from the end of the 12th / beginning of the 13th century.

Ownership history

Until 1817, Gahlen was a Brandenburg enclave in the Saxon Calau district of Niederlausitz. According to Gerhard Krüger, five brothers von Zabeltitz with Laasow, Kalkwitz and Gahlen were enfeoffed in 1500, as their parents had before them. He does not name a source. In the register of feudal people who paid homage to Elector Joachim I and Margrave Albrecht , from the years 1499 to 1500 , five von Zabeltitz brothers actually appear, but without any location, from whom Siuert, Cristoff and Heinrich took the feudal oath, Nickel and Ott were absent and had not (yet) sworn. According to the Zabeltitz family history, from which the above information probably comes, they were the sons of Nickel von Zabeltitz auf Reuden . In addition to Reuden, Laasow , Kalkwitz , Gahlen and Saßleben are said to have belonged to this estate . Further, following the Zabeltitz family history, Gahlen finally came to Heinrich von Zabeltitz in 1500. He is said to have owned some goods in Gahry and Ruben as well. In 1514 his brother-in-law Niklas Schetz, Kastner in Cottbus was given a number of Heinrich's goods in Gahry because of outstanding debt payments. In 1529 Heinrich von Zabeltitz sold the goods in Gahry and Ruben through his representative Nikolaus Schetz, Kastner in Cottbus to Hans von Loeben. According to Houwald, the latter Heinrich must have been the son of the same name of Heinrich above, because in 1527 a Heinrich von Zabeltitz auf Reuden is named in a joint loan letter together with his brother Caspar. On January 9, 1543, Heinrich was enfeoffed with half of the village of Bolschwitz, which he had bought from Georg von der Zauche on Lamsfeld . His brother Caspar zu Reuden, the brothers Benisch and Georg zu Laasow and Ogrosen, the brothers Martin and Bastian von Zabeltitz and the son of their deceased brother Wolf, named Otto zu Saßleben and Buchwäldchen, were included as a whole. Apparently Heinrich also owned the other half of Bolschwitz, because in 1550 he ordered the whole village of Bolschwitz as personal items for his wife Martha, nee. von Zabeltitz from Ogrosen. Heinrich von Zabeltitz was one of the authorized Junkers who were allowed to fetch wood from the Spreewald with two sleds in winter (around 1570) when the Spreewald was frozen over. When the knight horses were inspected in the Cottbusischen Weichbild in 1565, the Zabeltitzers of Saßleben and Loß (= Laasow) provided three armed horses. In 1570 Heinrich von Zabeltitz died on Gahlen without a physical heir. After that there were disputes among the co-tenants over the inheritance of Heinrich.

After the settlement of December 12, 1570, Bastian von Zabeltitz received the village of Gahlen. Heinrich's legacy was assessed by a commission and left to Bastian von Zabeltitz for this value. But he was allowed to deduct his inheritance share of 3,000 thalers beforehand. The cousins ​​should leave their money on the fief (against interest) until they would need the money to acquire new fiefs or to pay off debts. Heinrich's widow kept half of Bolschwitz as her personal property. Bastian von Zabeltitz was born with Margarethe von Zabeltitz married. She received a personal asset consisting of the villages of Reuden and Plieskendorf , which Landvogt Jaroslav von Kolowrat confirmed on January 29, 1579. Bastian von Zabeltitz died in 1579 without a male heir and Gahlen now fell to the next agnate Otto von Zabeltitz auf Saßleben, Reuden and Buchwäldchen, the son of his brother Wolf, who had died long before.

Otto von Zabeltitz wanted to be enfeoffed with the village of Kolkwitz as early as 1574. In 1579 he inherited the Bastian von Zabeltitz. Otto was married to Anna von Zabeltitz, Heinrich's daughter. On February 20, 1581, he issued her a treasure. The three sons Wolf, Heinrich and Hans Friedrich emerged from the marriage. According to the register of horse services in the Cottbus district in 1585, Otto had to provide two knight horses because of the villages of Gahlen and Kalkwitz. He died in 1584.

Heinrich, Wolf and Hans Friedrich von Zabeltitz, the sons of Otto von Zabeltitz, were enfeoffed on February 3, 1586 with the Lower Lusatian goods of their father, Reuden, Gahlen, Plieskendorf and half of Bolschwitz. On January 8, 1585, Wolf was enfeoffed with the Brandenburg Gahlen. He is known as the Knight of Cottbus . He died in 1603. His sons Wolf Heinrich, Caspar Joachim and Wolf Ernst were minors when he died. They were enfeoffed on June 20, 1603 with the goods inherited from their father. In 1609 Wolf Heinrich was enfeoffed with Gahlen. He received another feudal letter about Gahlen on June 28, 1622. He was married to Elisabeth Seyffertitz, daughter of Bernhard von Seyffertitz from the Wendisch Buchholz family. He died in 1625 without a male heir, the widow died of the plague in Frankendorf near Dobrilugk (probably meant Frankena ) in 1637 .

The widow Elisabeth Seyffertitz and the brothers of Wolf Heinrich von Zabeltitz had Gahlen and half of Bolschwitz for several years (i.e. goodbye) as early as 1625 to the Brandenburg lieutenant colonel Veit von Kracht auf Ranzow . However, he owed 800 guilders in purchase money, for which his brother Georg von Kracht on Mallenchen , Hans von Gersdorf on Pritzen and Hans von Flanß on Buchholz vouched for. Veit von Kracht also had a loan of 1,500 guilders from his sister Margarethe von Bernheim born in 1625. received from Kracht; the bailiff Siegmund Seifried von Promnitz gave his consensus on this. Veit von Kracht was the son of Isaac von Kracht and Eva nee von List von Lindenberg (part of the municipality of Tauche ). He doesn't seem to have had any heirs. Veit von Kracht had died in 1637/8 and his brother Hildebrand von Kracht was now looking for the entire hand of Gahlen, as his brother Georg auf Mallenchen, who had died in 1638, and other cousins ​​had had. In 1640 Veit von Kracht's widow was still sitting on the Gahlen estate. In 1644 it is noted that a Zabeltitz had sold Gahlen to Veit von Kracht. When paying homage to the Brandenburg Elector Friedrich Wilhelm, who came to power in 1640, none of the agnates reported.

In 1652 Gahlen belonged to the creditors of the late Lieutenant Colonel Veit von Kracht. It was administered by (Georg) Christoph von Klitzing, who was appointed by the creditors as an arbitrator. In 1654 Georg Christoph von Klitzing finally bought Gahlen for 2,000 thalers from Kracht's heirs. 1660 litigated Georg Christoph von Klitzing zu Gahlen against the council of Calau because of the shaft drift in the Altnauer field. Georg Christoph was the son of Christian von Klitzing and Christine von Schlieben. He also owned Bronkow and Rutzkau . In 1666 he sold Gahlen to his brother Adam von Klitzing, who is mentioned in 1674 as being based in Gahlen. He was married to Anna Catharina von Minkwitz.

In 1691 the three sons of Adam von Klitzing, unknown by name, sold Gahlen to Christoph Siegmund von Raußendorf on Saßleben. He came from Wolffersdorf in Bohemia, which he had to leave because of his evangelical faith. In 1686 he bought the Saßleben estate in Niederlausitz, and in 1691 Jehschen too . He later acquired the neighboring Kalkwitz estate, which was part of the Cottbus rulership. The Secret Council and Chamber Director Ludwig Gebhard Freiherr von Hoym had given him a considerable sum to buy Saßleben , which Raußendorf could not repay. In 1693 Raußendorf had to leave Saßleben and Jehschen to the Baron von Hoym. During the purchase negotiations, however, there were very different ideas about the price. While Hoym offered 18,000 thalers for Saßleben, Raußendorf demanded at least 24,000 thalers. The latter particularly emphasized the improvements he had made for several thousand thalers. The sale of Saßleben was forbidden to him by the then sovereign of Lower Lusatia, Duke Christian II. , Who wanted to buy Saßleben himself , under threat of a fine of 300 guilders . But he received the approval to take out a loan of 10,000 thalers from Johann Patow on Mallenchen. A few years later the Duke's interest in Saßleben died out and so in 1696 Christoph Siegmund von Raußendorf was finally able to sell Gahlen to Hans Caspar von Muschwitz for 9,400 thalers, and on August 2, 1697 also Saßleben for 20,500 thalers to Johann Wilhelm von Hake. He sold Kalkwitz in 1697 to Caspar Heinrich von Löben, and in 1698 Jehschen went to Nicol Gotthard von Wehlen auf Repten .

Hans Caspar von Muschwitz was the son of Georg von Muschwitz auf Wintdorf, who died in 1657, and Marianne von Löben. He was married to Sofie Christine von Zschertwitz, daughter of Georg von Zschertwitz and Felicia Magdalena von Schlieben from the Rutzkau family (part of the Bronkow municipality ). The marriage produced six sons: Georg Ernst, Kaspar Friedrich, Christoph Loth, Christian Siegmund, Wolf Nicol and Otto Hieronymus. Luckaitz , which Hans Christoph von Stutterheim had bought in 1673 , was given to his eldest son Georg Ernst in 1696. On January 26, 1698, Wolf Nickel von Muschwitz auf Wintdorf was accepted into the entire hand. On June 17, 1712, Georg Ernst and Otto Hieronymus reported the death of their father Hans Caspar, who had died on June 15, 1712. He was buried on June 17, 1712 in Gahlen. The other brothers were in military service in Flanders and Poland. On January 26, 1714, the brothers Georg Ernst, Kaspar Friedrich, Christoph Lot, Christian Siegmund, Wolf Nickel (Nicol) and Otto Hieronymus von Muschwitz, Hans Kaspar's sons, received the feudal letter for Gut Gahlen. Apparently, Kaspar Friedrich von Muschwitz later took over the Gahlen manor alone; he is resident in Gahlen in 1728. He was a Saxon-Polish captain on foot and died on July 23, 1734 without a physical heir.

On November 27, 1715 Christian Siegmund von Muschwitz, royal Prussian lieutenant heir on Gahlen, now married in Wintdorf, Catharina Tugendreich von Ruitz, daughter of Christoph Lorenz von Ruitz and Margaretha von Steinkeller adH Krügersdorf. They had a son, Christoph Siegmund von Muschwitz, a royal Prussian lieutenant, heir to Wintdorf and Allmosen.

After the death of Kaspar Friedrich in 1734, Gahlen came to his two brothers Otto Hieronymus and Georg Ernst, and later to Georg Ernst alone. Georg Ernst lived on Luckaitz, which he had received from his father in 1696. His first marriage was to Sofie von Köckritz and his second marriage to Helene Marianne von Mandelsloh. With his second wife he had the children Gottlob Heinrich (* July 5, 1728) and Marie Erdmuthe (* February 17, 1733). Georg Ernst von Muschwitz auf Luckaitz and Gahlen died on March 9, 1740. Heir was his son, Lieutenant Gottlob Heinrich von Muschwitz from the Electorate of Saxony.

On July 24, 1742, Caspar Heinrich von Muschwitz died in the First Silesian War in Ohlau in Silesia. On August 21, 1741, he was enfeoffed with a share in Greifenhain and Greifenhain's share from Domsdorf . He had left no heirs, so that Greifenhainsche share from Domsdorf to the co-leaned Carl Friedrich von Schönfeld as well as the brothers Georg Ernst, Kaspar Friedrich, Christian Sigismund, Christoph Lot, Wolf Nicol and Otto Hieronymus von Muschwitz, sons of Hans Caspar von Muschwitz fell on Gahlen, who at this point were not all alive. Carl Friedrich von Schönfeld claimed the genetic material for himself, which led to the trial of von Muschwitz, and that von Schönfeldt eventually lost. He had to grant the co-tenants (co-) ownership. Finally, the share in Greifenhain and Greifenhain's share from Domsdorf were sold to Joachim Seyfried von Köckritz for 10,000 thalers.

In 1764 Gottlob Heinrich von Muschwitz was sitting on Gahlen. He was married to Magdalene Eleonore Tugendreich Luise von Röbel. The marriage remained childless. He died before May 12, 1774; the summons to settle his estate is dated from this day. In 1775, Gottlob Heinrich's sister Marianne Erdmuthe von Britzke bought Gahlen at auction. She was married to Karl Friedrich von Britzky / Britzke, whom Gulde mentions as the owner of Gahlen in 1784. Her daughter Caroline Marianne von Britzke, who was married to one of Wittke, received it from Marianne Erdmuthe von Britzke. Bratring mentions another Fraulein von Britzke there as the owner of Gahlen (for 1805) . According to Houwald, Caroline Marianne von Wittke Gahlen is said to have sold Gahlen to the Saxon chamberlain Heinrich Ludwig Graf zu Lynar for 20,000 thalers as early as 1805. As early as 1800, Count zu Lynar had bought Ogrosen with Bolschwitz for 108,000 thalers from Karl Friedrich Wilhelm Leopold von Löben. After 1814 Heinrich Ludwig Graf zu Lynar also bought Laasow from Leopold August Karl von Schmettau . Through his marriage to Caroline Ernestine Friederike von Knoch, Chransdorf also fell to him . The owners of this small manor had their residence in Ogrosen. The couple had six daughters, of whom the three youngest (Isabelle Adelaide Isidore, Julie Caroline Luise Adelaide and Amalie Luise Ernestine) went to the St. Johannis Monastery in Schleswig . The eldest daughter Marie Agnes Rosalie was married to Friedrich Hermann von Röder. He had been an honorary knight of the Order of St. John since 1817. In 1842 the Count zu Lynar sold the Ogrosen property (with Bolschwitz, Chransdorf, Gahlen and Laasow) to Count Louis von Pourtalès . Heinrich Ludwig Graf zu Lynar died on December 14, 1867 in Lübben .

Count Louis von Pourtalès (* 14 May 1773, † 1848), President of the Royal Prussian State Council in the Principality of Neuchâtel and Knight of the Red Eagle Order, first class, was elevated to the Prussian count on March 21, 1815. He was married to Sophie von Guy d'Audanger from 1795. In 1853 his sons Ludwig August (born March 17, 1796) and Karl Friedrich (born June 10, 1799) Count von Pourtalès owned ogroses and accessories. Berghaus specifies the size of the Gahlen manor at 1170 acres , of which 612 acres are fields, 13 acres are meadows and 315 acres are forest.

Only a short time later, the two Pourtalès brothers sold the Ogrosen property (without Laasow) to Leopold von Versen, Major a. D. Rauer notes that Gahlen was an Allod . Leopold von Versen had been made Knight of Honor of the Order of St. John by Prince Karl of Prussia in 1856 . In 1858 he sold Ogrosen with accessories to Karl Johann Ludwig von Thielau.

Gahlen on the Urmes table sheet 4250 Vetschau / Spreewald. Z = brick factory. The Vorwerk Friedrichsfelde did not belong to Gahlen.

Karl Johann Ludwig von Thielau (1796–1862) was state stable master in the Royal Prussian main stud in Graditz near Torgau (Saxony-Anhalt) from 1832 to 1860 . He, too, was made Knight of Honor of the Order of St. John by Prince Karl of Prussia in 1856. In 1822 he married Luise Juliana Friederike Sophie von Jagow, daughter of Ludwig Friedrich Günther Andreas von Jagow and Auguste Sidonie von Heynitz, at Meseberg Castle . The marriage seems to have remained without children. He died in Ogrosen on March 19, 1862. The widow now took over the property. Ellerholz (1879) gives the size of the estate with 310.08 hectares, of which 277.98 hectares are arable, 4.09 hectares of meadows and 78.01 hectares of forest. The net income from property tax was 3870.56 marks. She had probably leased the Gahlen estate, and in 1885 Oetinger's tenant was given (Houwald calls him Günter von Oetinger). Luise Juliana Friederike Sophie von Thielau, b. von Jagow died on July 4, 1886 in Ogrosen. The estate was sold after her death.

In 1892 and 1896, Count Wilhelm Martin Ernst Ludwig von Schlieffen-Schlieffenberg (born September 18, 1829) is the owner of Ogrosen and its accessories. He was married to Amélie Countess von der Groeben (born August 4, 1839) since May 14, 1858. He was the owner of the Gödula coal mine, which mined lignite near Ogrosen. The tenant of the property was still a certain von Oetinger. The size of the property was 310 hectares, including 225 hectares of arable land, 4 hectares of meadows, 78 hectares of forest and 3 hectares of land . The net income from property tax amounted to 3872 marks.

In 1903, Maximilian von Voss , Upper Government Councilor in Frankfurt, was named as the owner. Oetinger's tenant remained.

Niekammer's goods address book for the province of Brandenburg from 1907 continues to indicate the size of the property at 310 ha. The proportion of fields and forests had changed. There were now only 213 hectares of arable land and 97.2 hectares of forest. 15 horses, 10 cattle, 525 sheep and 30 pigs were kept on the estate. The net income from property tax was 3868 marks. Maximilian von Voss died on December 17, 1911 in Jena. In 1914 the von Voss heirs are named as the owners of the Gahlen manor. Administrator was a troll denier.

In 1921 Niekammer's goods address book for the province of Brandenburg named the businessman J. de Vries as the owner of Gahlen. The Ilse welfare company was already the tenant, and a certain Miehrling was the administrator. In 1923, Ilse Bergbau AG Grube Ilse Niederlausitz bought the Gahlen manor. The administrator was a certain Montua. The total size was only 236 hectares, including 215 hectares of arable land, 3 hectares of meadows, 5 hectares of forest and 12.5 hectares of land . 16 horses, 15 cattle, 400 sheep and 10 pigs were kept on the estate. In 1929 the administrator was called Karl Werth; 14 horses, 25 head of cattle and 350 sheep stood on the farm, but no more pigs. The further fate of the property is not known.

Gahlen on the measuring table sheet 4250 from 1903 (reprint 1917)

Village history

In 1635 the field marrow of the village contained six knight's hooves and 9½ peasants, of which 1½ peasant hooves were desolate. In addition to the unspecified number of farmers, a Büdner, a shepherd and a miller lived in the village. A Büdner position was desolate. In 1652 two farmer's hooves were cultivated, which were sown with 9 bushels of sowing. The farmer had two horses and five head of cattle. The previous owner, a frail person, had built a shack in the garden and made a living. A Zweihufenhof was desolate. A one-hoofed farm with 1½ peasant hooves was also quite desolate, as was the ½ parish hoof belonging to the farm. Another Einhufenhof with the other half Pfarrhufe was vacant. The building was still habitable. The previous owner's widow and her son lived there. He was a carpenter for Colonel Wolfersdorf in Neu Zauche . In addition, the Vogt of the Junkers lived in her house. A Dreihufenhof and the building had been moved to the manor. Two gardening jobs were completely desolate. A shepherd lived in the village. The church was still standing, but there was neither a pastor nor a sexton. The pastor of Kolkwitz had to preach in the church from time to time.

In 1718/19 there were 6 knight's hooves and 3 5/6 hooves in the manor. There were still four farmer's hooves, which were tended by one two-hover and two one-hoofers. The 1 2/3 Kossatenhufen were distributed among five gardeners. The field was divided into two fields that were sown annually. In 1763, the rural population of Gahlen consisted of four farmers, four Kossäts and one Büdner. In 1783 Gahlen had 13 campfire sites (residential buildings) and 98 residents. Bratring describes Gahlen as a village and estate, with four whole farmers, four cottages, a total of 15 campfire sites and 80 residents. The arable land of the Feldmark was divided into 9½ hooves. In 1818 14 fireplaces and 91 residents are reported. A significant increase in residential buildings can be observed until 1840, when 147 people lived in 19 residential buildings. After that, further development stagnated. According to the topographical-statistical manual of the government district of Frankfurt a. O. from 1867, which gives the figures from 1864, there were 19 residential buildings and 155 inhabitants in Gahlen. There was a brickworks north-east of Gahlen. A sheep farm is shown north of the town center in the measuring table sheet 4250 Vetschau from 1917.

Local political history

Since 1445/55 Gahlen belonged to the Markbrandenburg dominion of Cottbus , from which the Cottbus circle was formed. It was an enclave in the Saxon Calau district of Niederlausitz. After a brief French military administration in 1806/7, the Cottbus district came to the Kingdom of Saxony in the Peace of Tilsit in 1807. With the Wars of Liberation, Prussia took possession of the Cottbus district again in 1813. In the district reform of 1816 Gahlen came to the Calau district , which existed until 1950. It was enlarged in the first district reform of 1950 and renamed Senftenberg. In the second comprehensive district and district reform of 1952, the (greater) district of Senftenberg was divided into several smaller districts. Gahlen was assigned to the Calau district , which was newly founded in 1952 . Already on January 1st, 1957 Gahlen was incorporated into Missen. After the reunification, the Calau district was renamed the Calau district. In 1992 Missen merged with nine other municipalities and the city of Vetschau to form the Vetschau office . In 1993, the district of Calau was combined with the district of Senftenberg and smaller parts of the Bad Liebenwerda district to form the Oberspreewald-Lausitz district. From 2001 the municipalities of the Vetschau office were gradually incorporated into the city of Vetschau / Spreewald. On October 26th, 2003, the last municipalities, Missen (with Gahlen), Koßwig , Laasow and Raddusch were incorporated into Vetschau / Spreewald by law, and the Vetschau office was dissolved. Since then, Missen has been a part of the city of Vetschau / Spreewald and Gahlen has been part of the municipality of Missen, without its own local authority. There is a local advisory board in the Missen district (including Gahlen).

Population development in Gahlen from 1783 to 1950
year 1783 1805 1818 1840 1852 1864 1875 1890 1900 1910 1925 1939 1946 1950
Residents 98 80 91 147 156 155 143 131 112 114 159 145 310 305

Ecclesiastical affiliation

Gahlen was the mother church in Sedes Calau in 1346 and 1495. After the Thirty Years' War it was a daughter church of Kolkwitz. From 1930 it was a daughter church of Ogrosen. The place belongs to the parish Gräbendorfer See in the parish of Niederlausitz .

Culture and sights

Gahlener village pond with church

The village church of Gahlen faces east-west and is surrounded by a churchyard. The enclosing walls of the rectangular nave of the fortified church date from the time Gahlen was founded. In the 15th century a square tower with a simple tent roof was added. After each direction there are small paired sound openings on the tower. The church is one of the architectural monuments of the city of Vetschau / Spreewald .

The church is assigned to the Romanesque-Gothic transition style between 1250 and 1300. In its south wall there is a dark stone with a face carved in relief, which may be a Slavic idol . The late Gothic bell is worth mentioning on the neck, with the minuscule inscription o rex glorie xpe veni cum pace amen (O Christ, King of Honor, come with your peace, amen).

Economy and Infrastructure

Federal motorway 15 runs north of Gahlen and federal motorway 13 to the west . The wind farm is currently under construction Gahlen befindlicher wind farm north of the village. He should in the final of six wind turbines of the type Fuhrländer FL 2500 exist. Each turbine has a hub height of 141 meters and a rotor diameter of 100 meters, thus a total height of 191 meters. The generated output is 2.5 MW. It is noteworthy that for these Fuhrländer FL-2500 systems, concrete instead of steel lattice towers are used.

supporting documents

literature

  • Heinrich Karl Wilhelm Berghaus : Land book of the Mark Brandenburg and the Markgrafthum Nieder-Lausitz in the middle of the 19th century; or geographical-historical-statistical description of the Province of Brandenburg, at the instigation of the State Minister and Upper President Flottwell. Third volume. Printed by and published by Adolph Müller, Brandenburg 1856, Google Books (hereinafter abbreviated to Berghaus, Landbuch, 3 with corresponding page number)
  • Friedrich Wilhelm August Bratring : Statistical-topographical description of the entire Mark Brandenburg. Third and last volume: Containing the Neumark Brandenburg. Maurer, Berlin 1809, Google Books (hereinafter abbreviated to Bratring, Neumark Brandenburg, with corresponding page number).
  • Carl von Eickstedt: Contributions to a newer land book of the Brandenburg brands: prelates, knights, cities, fiefdoms, or Roßdienst and fiefdom. Creutz, Magdeburg 1840 (hereinafter abbreviated to Eickstedt, land book with corresponding page number)
  • Friedrich Christian Franz: The Spreewald, in physical and statistical terms. Anton, Görliz 1800 (hereinafter abbreviated to Franz, Spreewald with the corresponding page number)
  • Götz Freiherr von Houwald : The Niederlausitz manors and their owners. Volume IV: District of Calau Part I. Verlag Degener & Co., Neustadt an der Aisch 1988, ISBN 3-7686-4120-1 , pp. 310-319
  • Dieter Sperling: Source study on the history of the churches in the Calau district up to the Reformation.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Siegfried Körner: Book of place names in Niederlausitz: Studies on the toponymy of the districts of Beeskow, Calau, Cottbus, Eisenhüttenstadt, Finsterwalde, Forst, Guben, Lübben, Luckau, and Spremberg. Akademie Verlag GmbH, Berlin 1993, p. 151.
  2. ↑ Ernst Eichler |: The place names of Niederlausitz. VEB Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 1975, p. 48.
  3. ↑ a b Lehmann: Historical local dictionary, Niederlausitz. Volume 1, pp. 274-275.
  4. ^ Gerhard Krüger: The manors in the lordship of Cottbus and their owners (= family history booklets of Niederlausitz, volume 9). Association for local history, Cottbus 1939, p. 11.
  5. ^ Adolph Friedrich Riedel : Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis: Collection of documents, chronicles and other source documents. Part 3, Volume 2, G. Reimer, Berlin 1860, p. 442, Google Books
  6. ^ Schmidt, Familiengeschichte Zabeltitz, p. 31, Online Staatsbibliothek Berlin
  7. ↑ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Copy of the loan and personal property letters as well as confirmation of privileges, issued by Landvogt Count Albrecht Schlick. In it:… personal memorial letter for Martha von Zabeltitz, wife of Heinrich von Zabeltitz zu Gahlen about the Bolschwitz estate, 1550.…
  8. ^ Franz, Spreewald, p. 195, Google Books
  9. ^ Eickstedt, Landbuch, p. 41, Google Books
  10. ^ Eickstedt, Landbuch, p. 56, Google Books
  11. ^ Eickstedt, Landbuch, p. 97, Google Books
  12. ^ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Affairs of the Calau district. In it:… Consensus of Bailiff Siegmund Seifried von Promnitz in an obligation of Veit von Kracht auf Gahlen about a born by his sister Margarethe von Bernheim. Loan granted by Kracht in the amount of 1500 thalers, 1625. ...
  13. ^ Eickstedt, Landbuch, p. 315, Google Books
  14. ↑ a b Gerhard Krüger: The Lordship of Cottbus and its population after the Thirty Years' War. Albert Heine, Cottbus 1936, p. 56.
  15. ^ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Georg Christoph v. Klitzing zu Gahlen against the advice of Calau because of shaft drift on Altnauer Felde. 1660-1661
  16. ^ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Certificate of the entire hand over the fiefdom Gahlen for Wolf Nickel (Nicol) von Muschwitz auf Wintdorf. January 26, 1698
  17. ^ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Lehnsbrief from the brothers Georg Ernst, Kaspar Friedrich, Christoph Lot, Christian Siegismund, Wolf Nickel (Nicol) and Otto Hieronymus von Muschwitz, Hans Kaspar's sons, to Gut Gahlen. January 26, 1714
  18. ^ Karl Friedrich Pauli: Life of great heroes of the present war. 3. Theil, Chistoph Peter Francken, Halle 1759, p. 177, Google Books
  19. ↑ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Excavated judgments, settlements, recesses, documents from conceding acts on matters of the district Calau. In it: Obligation of Gottlob Heinrich von Muschwitz auf Gahlen to Johann Christoph Natusch zu Calau, 1764. … Online research:
  20. ↑ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: estate affairs of Gottlob Heinrich von Muschwitz on Gahlen. Contains: Findings of the Neumärkische government at a summons made at the request of the creditors of the deceased Gottlob Heinrich von Muschwitz on Gahlen and those entitled to his estate (May 12th 1774). - Receipts from Otto Gustav Ludwig Gottlieb von Muschwitz for the receipt of payments from the von Muschwitz auf Wintdorf due to his claims to the estate of his cousin Gottlob Heinrich, 1774–1779. Online research
  21. ^ Gulde, Description of the Lordship of Cottbus, p. 50, Google Books
  22. ↑ a b c Bratring, Neumark Brandenburg, p. 346, Google Books
  23. ^ Eickstedt, Landbuch, p. 510, Google Books
  24. ↑ a b weekly newspaper of the Johanniter-Ordens-Balley Brandenburg. Volume 8, No. 52, December 24, 1867 Google Books
  25. ^ Berghaus, Landbuch, 3, p. 576. Google Books
  26. ^ Eugène Haag (Théologies), Emile Haag: La France protestante ou vies des protestants français qui se sont fait un nom dans l'histoire. Tome 8, Joel Cherbuliez, Paris & Geneva 1858, p. 310, Google Books .
  27. ↑ a b Berghaus, Landbuch, 3, p. 577. Google Books
  28. ^ Karl Friedrich Rauer: Hand register of the knight estates represented in all circles of the Prussian state on district and state parliaments. Self-published by Rauer, Berlin 1857, p. 116.
  29. ↑ a b Allgemeine Zeitung for the year 1856, 3rd quarter, Stuttgart & Augsburg, 1857 Google Books (p. 3180)
  30. ^ Wilhelm Heinrich Riehl, J. Scheu: Berlin and the Mark Brandenburg with the Markgrafthum Nieder-Lausitz in their history and in their present existence. J. Scheu, Berlin 1861, p. 658, Google Books .
  31. ↑ Ogrosen PDF ( Memento of the original from June 15, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.zlb.de
  32. ^ Paul Ellerholz, H. Lodemann, H. von Wedell: General address book of the manor and estate owners in the German Empire. With details of the properties, their size (in Culturart), their net income from property tax, their tenants, branches of industry and post offices. I. The Kingdom of Prussia. I. Delivery The Province of Brandenburg. Nicolaische Verlags-Buchhandlung R. Stricker, Berlin 1879, PDF , pp. 44–45.
  33. ^ Paul Ellerholz: Handbook of real estate in the German Empire. With indication of all goods, their quality, their size (in culture type); your property tax net income; their owners, tenants, administrators etc .; of industries; Postal stations; Breeding of special cattle, exploitation of livestock etc. I. The Kingdom of Prussia. I. Delivery: Province of Brandenburg. 2nd improved edition, Nicolaische Verlagsbuchhandlung, Berlin 1885, pp. 18-19.
  34. ^ Gothaisches Genealogisches Taschenbuch. Graefliche Häuser, year 67, 1894, pp. 937–942 (Schlieffen), Justus Perthes, Gotha.
  35. ↑ Paul Ellerholz, Ernst Kirstein, Traugott Müller, W. Gerland, Georg Volger: Handbuch des Grundbesitzes im Deutschen Reiche. With indication of all goods, their quality, their size and type of culture; your property tax net income; their owners, tenants, administrators etc .; of industries; Post, telegraph and railroad stations; Breeding of special breeds of animals; Exploitation of the livestock etc. I. The Kingdom of Prussia. I. Delivery: Province of Brandenburg. 3rd improved edition, Nicolaische Verlagsbuchhandlung, Berlin 1896, pp. 20-21.
  36. ^ Ernst Kirstein (editor): Handbook of real estate in the German Empire. With indication of all goods, their quality, their size and type of culture; your property tax net income; their owners, tenants, administrators etc .; of industries; Post, telegraph and railroad stations; Breeding of special breeds of animals; Exploitation of the livestock etc. I. The Kingdom of Prussia. I. Delivery to the province of Brandenburg. 4th improved edition, Nicolaische Verlags-Buchhandlung, Berlin 1903, pp. 20-21.
  37. ^ Paul Niekammer (ed.): Goods address book of the province of Brandenburg. List of all goods with details of the property's properties, the net income from property tax, the total area and the area of ​​the individual crops, livestock, all industrial facilities and telephone connections, details of the property, tenants and administrators, the post, telegraph and railway stations and their removal from the estate, the Protestant and Catholic parishes, the registry office districts, the city or administrative districts, the chamber, regional and local courts, the Landwehr districts as well as an alphabetical register of places and persons and a manual of the royal authorities of the province. Leipzig, Paul Niekammer, Stettin, 1907, pp. 150–151.
  38. ^ Ernst Seyfert (ed.): Goods address book for the province of Brandenburg. List of all manors, estates and larger farms in the province with details of the property properties, the net income from property tax, the total area and area of ​​the individual crops, livestock, all industrial facilities and telephone connections, details of the property, tenants and administrators of the Post, telegraph and railway stations and their distance from the estate, the Protestant and Catholic parishes, the registry office districts, the city and administrative districts, the higher regional, regional and local courts, an alphabetical register of places and persons, the manual of the royal authorities as well a map of the province of Brandenburg at a scale of 1: 1,000,000. Reichenbach'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Leipzig 1914, pp. 228-229.
  39. ↑ R. Stricker, with the participation of the authorities and chambers of agriculture (ed.): Handbuch des Grundbesitzes im Deutschen Reiche. Brandenburg Province. Complete address book of all manors, estates and larger farms with details of the owners, tenants and administrators, the post, telegraph and railway stations and their distance from the property, as well as the telephone connections, the property property, the property tax net income, the total area and the area of ​​the individual crops, livestock, livestock exploitation, animal breeding and special crops, industrial facilities, courts and administrative districts, along with an alphabetical register of places and persons, an overview of the agricultural and structural conditions of the respective part of the country, a directory of the agricultural authorities and associations, cooperatives and industrial companies, as well as an exact map. 6th completely revised edition, Nicolaische Verlags-Buchhandlung, Berlin 1921, pp. 12-13.
  40. ^ Oskar Koehler (arrangement), Kurt Schleising (introduction): Niekammer's agricultural goods address books. Agricultural goods address book of the province of Brandenburg: List of all manors, estates and larger farms in the province of approx. 30 hectares upwards with details of property properties, net income from property tax, the total area and the area of ​​the individual crops, livestock, all industrial plants and the telephone connections, information about the property, tenants and administrators, the post, telegraph and railway stations and their distance from the property, the Protestant and Catholic parishes, the registry office districts, the city and official districts, the higher regional, regional and local courts, one alphabetical place and person registers, the manual of the royal authorities and a map in the scale 1: 175.0000. Reichenbach'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Leipzig 1923, p. 130.
  41. ↑ Ernst Seyfert, Hans Wehner, Alexander Haußknecht, Ludwig Hogrefe (eds.): Agricultural address book of the manors, estates and farms of the province of Brandenburg: List of all manors, estates and farms from approx. 20 ha upwards with information on the property, the total area and the area of ​​the individual crops, the livestock, the company's own industrial facilities and telephone connections, details of the owners, tenants and administrators, the post, telegraph and railway stations and their distance from the property, the regional and local courts, an alphabetical register of places and persons , a directory of the most important government agencies and agencies, agricultural associations and corporations. 4th increased and improved edition, Verlag von Niekammer's address books, Leipzig 1929 (Niekammer's goods address books Volume VII), p. 191.
  42. ↑ a b Gulde, Description of the Lordship of Cottbus, p. 34, Google Books
  43. ↑ Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurth ad O. G. Hayn, Berlin, 1820, p. 24.
  44. ↑ Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurt ad O. Gustav Harnecker's bookstore, Frankfurt a. Cit. 1844, p. 20, Google Books .
  45. ↑ Topographical-statistical manual of the government district of Frankfurt a. O. Verlag von Gustav Harnecker u. Co., Frankfurt a. Cit. 1867, p. 64, Google Books
  46. ↑ Main statutes of the city of Vetschau / Spreewald. In the version of March 30, 2009 changed by the 1st amendment of October 1st, 2010, 2nd amendment of May 27th, 2010 and 3rd amendment of August 2nd, 2016. PDF
  47. ^ Güthlein: Topographical overview of the appellate court department Frankfurt a / O. Gustav Harnecker & Co, Frankfurt a / O 1856, p. XXXIII Google Books
  48. ↑ Contribution to the statistics of the State Office for Data Processing and Statistics. Historical community directory of the State of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005 19.13 District Spree-Neisse PDF
  49. ↑ Parish Gräbendorfer See  ( page can no longer be accessed , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Toter Link / kirchenkreis-luebben.kw01.net  
  50. ↑ Gahlen wind farm

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