List of speed records
A speed record is to achieve by this time and based on the observed object not yet reached speed . Speed records are measured and documented for living beings (people, animals) as well as for technical objects (e.g. trains , cars , planes , ships , etc.). The ratification of a record is incumbent on the responsible international organizations, which also stipulate the regulations for the recognition of the validity of the records.
The world's highest speed per category according to the same rules is called the world speed record . World records of all kinds are kept in the Guinness Book . Speed records are also achieved, for example, according to regional criteria, according to age group or according to weight categories.
In addition to speed records, there are also records for a distance traveled and for the duration of an activity, such as the longest flight in a balloon or the longest spacecraft .
From people through muscle power (selection)
Speed records achieved by muscle power without the assistance of a motor directly on the record-breaking vehicle :
| date | speed | Locomotion | Surname | place | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 16th September 2018 | 296.01 km / h | Bike in the slipstream | Denise Mueller-Korenek | Lake Bonneville | Set up behind a special dragster vehicle with a large windbreak hood. |
| July 20, 1985 | 245.078 km / h | Bike in the slipstream | John Howard | Lake Bonneville | Set up behind a special vehicle with a large windbreak hood. |
| 17th September 2016 | 144.17 km / h | Fully covered recumbent bike | Todd Reichert | Nevada | World record over 200 meters without wind protection on the plain. |
| August 29, 1986 | 82.54 km / h | Fully covered bicycle ( folding bike ) | Jim Glover | International Human Powered Speed Championships | World record over 200 meters (flying start) without wind protection on the flat for bicycles with a conventional, upright sitting position. |
| December 6, 2013 | 77.03 km / h | Track bike | François Pervis | Aguascalientes | World record over 200 m (flying start). |
| February 15, 2020 | 54.80 km / h | Speed skating | Pavel Kulischnikow | Salt Lake City | World record over the 1000 m distance. |
| August 16, 2009 | 44.72 km / h | Run | Usain Bolt | Berlin | 100-meter run to the world record in 9.58 s at the 2009 World Athletics Championships (top speed 44.720 km / h). |
By people through the use of natural forces (without self-propulsion of the vehicle)
Use of the slope
Today's world records in speed skiing are 252.632 km / h for men and 242.590 km / h for women.
Exploiting the wind
With movable sail: windsurfing
Antoine Albeau held the world record for the fastest sail-powered watercraft as a windsurfer since March 6, 2008 at 49.09 kn (90.91 km / h ). He was able to surpass this result again on November 14, 2012 at the Lüderitz Speed Challenge . At 50.62 kn (93.75 km / h) Albeau is back in the lead after Anders Bringdal broke the 50 kn mark as a windsurfer for the first time. Again Albeau was able to improve his own record on November 2, 2015 in Lüderitz in Namibia to 53.27 kn (98.66 km / h).
With movable sail: kite surfing
The American Robert "Rob" Douglas , born on June 16, 1971 in Boston , has held the world record for the fastest sail-powered watercraft as a kite surfer since October 13, 2010 with 55.65 kn (103.06 km / h) .
With movable windsurfing sail: ice surfing
On January 6th, 1996 Uwe Michelchen from eissurfen.de was the first windsurfer to set a new world record with a surf sail on ice at speeds of over 105 km / h or 56.7 knots. The measuring distance of 100 meters was measured with video control.
With the sail rigidly attached to the hull
The Vestas Sailrocket 2 achieved an average speed of 55.32 kn (102.45 km / h) over one nautical mile on November 18, 2012 , and on November 24, at 65.45 kn (121.12 km / h) world records over 500 m for the fastest sail-powered watercraft.
Sailing vehicles on land
The Greenbird from England set the speed record of 126.2 mph (203 km / h) on November 26, 2009 on Ivanpah Dry Lake in California. The three-wheeled vehicle with 700 kg of side ballast drove 3 to 5 times faster than the wind.
With motorized drive of the vehicle
With a given lane: Rail vehicles - (selection)
| date | speed | designation | Vehicle type | country | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| October 28, 1903 | 210.2 km / h | - | Three-phase high-speed railcars from AEG and Siemens | Germany | Record in the context of speed tests by the study society for electric rapid transit systems (ST.ES) near Berlin |
| June 21, 1931 | 230.0 km / h | Rail zeppelin | Propeller pull driven by gasoline - aircraft engine | Germany | Never went into series production due to technical problems |
| May 11, 1936 | 200.4 km / h | BR 05 002 | steam train | Germany | Undoubtedly documented world speed record for steam locomotives |
| July 3, 1938 | 201.2 km / h | Mallard | steam train | Great Britain | Unofficial world speed record for steam locomotives , but the speed figures for the record run are probably a bit too high |
| February 26, 1981 | 381.0 km / h | TGV (No. 16) | high speed train | France | World speed record |
| November 1, 1987 | 238.0 km / h | Intercity 125 | high speed train | Great Britain | Record speed for diesel multiple units |
| May 1, 1988 | 406.9 km / h | InterCityExperimental | high speed train | Germany | Speed record |
| May 18, 1990 | 515.3 km / h | TGV (Atlantique) | high speed train | France | World speed record |
| June 12, 2002 | 254.0 km / h | Talgo XXI | track widths - variable tilting train | Spain | World speed record for diesel- powered multiple units |
| September 2, 2006 | 357.0 km / h | ÖBB 1216 050 | Electric locomotive | Austria | World speed record for locomotives |
| April 3, 2007 | 574.8 km / h | TGV ( V150 ) | modified high-speed train | France | World speed record for modified multiple units and for the wheel-rail system |
| December 3, 2010 | 486.1 km / h | CRH 380A | high speed train | China | World speed record for series multiple units |
| April 21, 2015 | 603.0 km / h | Shinkansen L0 | Magnetic levitation train | Japan | World speed record |
Without a predetermined lane with ground contact on a solid surface
Multi-lane vehicles - (selection)
For the general recognition of a speed record of a technical object, the fulfillment of national or international rules may be necessary. So z. As the Americans Stan Barrett on 17 December 1979 with his rocket car Budweiser Rocket became the first man the sound barrier with a land vehicle have broken through. But u. a. due to deviations from the rules of the International Automobile Federation FIA to achieve land speed records, this record was never officially recognized.
| date | speed | Vehicle (name) | driver | place | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| December 18, 1898 | 62.780 km / h | Jeantaud Duc | Gaston de Chasseloup-Laubat | Belgium | Electric car , first documented speed record for an automobile |
| April 29, 1899 | 105.882 km / h | La Jamais Contente | Camille Jenatzy | Achères near Paris (F) | Electric car, two Postel-Vinay 25 kW motors (200 volts and 124 amps ) |
| January 26, 1906 | 205.440 km / h | Stanley Rocket Racer | Fred Marriott | Ormond Beach , Daytona Beach Road Course ( USA ) | Steam car |
| April 23, 1911 | 228.100 km / h | Blitzen-Benz | Bob Burman | Daytona Beach (USA) | Average speed over a flying kilometer of 228.1 km / h (21.5 liter displacement and 200 hp) |
| May 23 , 1928 | 238,000 km / h | Opel RAK2 | Fritz from Opel | AVUS , Berlin (D) | Rocket car powered by 24 powder rockets |
| January 28, 1938 | 432.700 km / h | Mercedes-Benz W 125 | Rudolf Caracciola | Motorway Frankfurt - Darmstadt (Germany) | Record in the displacement class between 5000 and 8000 cm³ |
| October 23, 1970 | 1001.667 km / h | Blue Flame | Gary Gabelich | Bonneville Salt Flats ( Utah , USA) | Rocket car, first car over 1000 km / h |
| 17th December 1979 | 1190,000 km / h | Budweiser Rocket | Stan Barrett | Rogers Dry Lake, Edwards Air Force Base ( California , USA) | Rocket car, record not officially recognized because, contrary to the guidelines of the FIA, the vehicle u. a. only had three wheels and the route was only traveled in one direction |
| October 15, 1997 | 1227.985 km / h | ThrustSSC | Andy Green | Black Rock Desert ( Nevada , USA) | Jet-powered car recognized as the world's first land vehicle to break the sound barrier. Current world speed record for land vehicles |
| October 18, 2001 | 737.794 km / h | Turbinator | Don Vesco | Bonneville Salt Flats (Utah, USA) | Fastest wheel-drive car with a gas turbine |
| August 23, 2006 | 563.418 km / h | JCB diesel max | Andy Green | Bonneville Salt Flats (Utah, USA) | Fastest wheel-drive car with diesel engine (2 × 750 hp) |
| September 26, 2008 | 669.319 km / h | Burklands' 411 Streamliner | Tom Burkland | Bonneville Salt Flats (Utah, USA) | Fastest wheel drive car with internal combustion engine and engine charging |
| August 25, 2009 | 225.055 km / h | Inspiration streamliner | Charles Burnett III | Rogers Dry Lake, Edwards Air Force Base, California, USA | Fastest steam powered car |
| September 25, 2009 | 487.433 km / h | Buckeye Bullet 2.0 streamliner | Roger Schroer | Bonneville Salt Flats (Utah, USA) | Fastest car powered by hydrogen via a fuel cell |
| 4th November 2017 | 446.97 km / h | Koenigsegg Agera RS | Niklas Lilja | Pahrump (Nevada, USA) | Fastest radangetriebenes car with MOT approval |
| 19th September 2016 | 549.4 km / h | Venturi Buckeye Bullet 3.0 streamliner | Roger Schroer | Bonneville Salt Flats (Utah, USA) | Fastest electric car (electric car) |
| September 21, 2010 | 666.776 km / h | "Spirit of Rett" streamliner | Charles E. Nearburg | Bonneville Salt Flats (Utah, USA) | Fastest wheel-drive car with an internal combustion engine without a supercharger |
| February 26, 2014 | 435.31 km / h | Hennessey Venom GT | Brian Smith | NASA landing site (USA) | Fastest roadster with road approval |
| 4th November 2017 | 457.49 km / h | Koenigsegg Agera RS | Niklas Lilja | Pahrump (Nevada, USA) | Highest speed on a public road |
| 2nd August 2019 | 490.48 km / h | Bugatti Chiron Super Sport 300+ | Andy Wallace | VW test track (Ehra-Lessien, Germany) | Fastest roadster with road approval |
Single-track vehicles (motorcycles) - (selection)
| date | speed | Vehicle (name) | driver | place | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| June 16, 1909 | 122.16 km / h | NLG | WE Cook | Brooklands (USA) | 944 cc Peugeot- V-2; first timed world record |
| April 14, 1920 | 166.50 km / h | Indian track racing machine | Ernest Walker | Daytona (USA) | 60.92 cubic inches (998 cm³ engine) |
| August 25, 1928 | 200.56 km / h | JAP Zenith | Owen Baldwin | Arpajon (France) | 998 cc JAP-V-2; officially over 200 km / h for the first time |
| August 31, 1930 | 220.99 km / h | OEC Temple | Joseph S. Wright | Arpajon (France) | 998 cc JAP-V-2; for the first time over the unofficial record set by Glenn Curtiss with his Curtiss V8 since 1909 ; Record without engine charging |
| October 21, 1937 | 274.181 km / h | Gilera Rondine | Piero Taruffi | Brescia (Italy) | 492 cc Gilera four-cylinder with compressor; the only record for an Italian manufacturer |
| November 28, 1937 | 279.503 km / h | BMW | Ernst Jakob Henne | Frankfurt – Darmstadt motorway (Germany) | fully encased 500 cc compressor - BMW ; the record lasted 14 years |
| April 12, 1951 | 290,000 km / h | NSU Dolphin I | Wilhelm Herz | Motorway Munich – Ingolstadt (Germany) | 500 cm³ NSU with compressor, 110 hp |
| 2nd July 1955 | 297.640 km / h | Vincent Black Lightning | Russel Wright | Swannanoa ( New Zealand ) | fully faired 998 cc Vincent Black Lightning |
| 2nd August 1956 | 304,000 km / h | NSU Dolphin III | Wilhelm Herz | Bonneville Salt Flats (USA) | 350 cc NSU with compressor, 75 hp |
| 4th August 1956 | 339,000 km / h | NSU Dolphin III | Wilhelm Herz | Bonneville Salt Flats (USA) | 500 cm³ NSU with compressor, 110 hp |
| September 6, 1956 | 345,000 km / h | Triumph Streamliner (1956) | Johnny Allen | Bonneville Salt Flats (USA) | 650 cm³- Triumph - Thunderbird without a compressor, 80 HP; Record not recognized by the FIM . |
| September 9, 1962 | 361.410 km / h | Dudek Triumph Streamliner | William A. Johnson | Bonneville Salt Flats (USA) | 667 cc triumph |
| 17th September 1970 | 405.250 km / h | "Big Red" -Yamaha | Don Vesco | Bonneville Salt Flats (USA) | 2 × 350 cm³ Yamaha |
| October 16, 1970 | 427.250 km / h | Harley-Davidson Streamliner | Cal Rayborn | Bonneville Salt Flats (USA) | 1460 cc Harley-Davidson |
| September 25, 2010 | 605.697 km / h | Top Oil-Ack Attack streamliner | Rocky Robinson | Bonneville Salt Flats (USA) | Two Suzuki engines with a total of 2600 cc |
On a liquid surface: watercraft
A distinction is made according to the drive: wind, propeller or jet drives. The fastest motorboat driver is Ken Warby from Australia . On October 8, 1978, he drove his jet-powered Spirit of Australia 317.60 mph (511.13 km / h). The fastest driver of a propeller-driven boat is the American Roy Duby . He drove on April 17, 1962 with the "Miss US 1" 200.419 mph (322.54 km / h) on Lake Guntersville .
Underwater vehicles
- Hunting submarines: Project 971 , 33 kn (61.1 km / h)
- Nuclear submarines: Project 941 , 25 kn (46.3 km / h)
Without ground contact: aircraft
| date | speed | pilot | Vehicle (type) | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oct 2, 1941 | 1003.67 km / h | Heini Dittmar | Me 163 V4 | 1941 unofficial world speed record with a rocket plane |
| Oct 14, 1947 | 1080 km / h | Charles Yeager | Bell X-1 | "Chuck" Yeager is (officially) the first person to break the sound barrier with a rocket plane |
| April 9, 1960 | 877.212 km / h 1 | Ivan Suchomlin | Tupolev Tu-114 | Fastest turboprop passenger propeller plane |
| 930 km / h | unknown | Tupolev Tu-95 PZ | Fastest turboprop propeller plane (strategic bomber), unofficial record | |
| Oct 3, 1967 | 7274 km / h | William John Knight | North American X-15 | Record speed for a manned aircraft |
| June 22, 1975 | 2683 km / h | Svetlana Savitskaya | Mikoyan-Gurevich E-133 | Speed record for women |
| July 28, 1976 | 3529 km / h |
Eldon Joersz , George Morgan |
Lockheed SR-71 | Record speed for jet aircraft |
| Aug 11, 1986 | 400.87 km / h | Trevor Egginton | Lynx AH MK.1 | Record speed for helicopters . |
| Aug 21, 1989 | 850.26 km / h | Lyle Shelton | F8F-2 Bearcat | Fastest piston-powered aircraft |
| Nov 16, 2004 | Do 9.6 about 11,850 km / h |
(unmanned) | X-43 | Record speed for ramjet aircraft |
| June 7, 2013 | 472.3 km / h | Hervé Jammayrac | Eurocopter X 3 | Record speed for aircraft |
1 Over a distance of 5000 km, with a maximum load of 25000 kg carried.
Without atmosphere: spacecraft
- See also Manned Spaceflight Records .
The highest speeds reached by humans were achieved with spaceships .
| date | speed | Vehicle (type) | pilot | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| May 26, 1969 | 39,897 km / h | Apollo spaceship CM-106 "Charlie Brown" |
Tom Stafford John Young Eugene Cernan |
As part of the Apollo 10 mission on the return flight from the moon to earth |
| Dec 10, 1974 to March 16, 1986 |
252,792 km / h | Helios 1 and 2 | (unmanned) | Relative to the sun |
| February 28, 2007 | 83,600 km / h | New Horizons | (unmanned) | Speed increase of 3890 m / s after flying past Jupiter. |
Animals
| Art | speed | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Bird peregrine falcon | 345 to 360 km / h | in a dive |
| Bird swift | 180 km / h | in gliding |
| Bird carrier pigeon | 177 km / h | in flight |
| Bird African ostrich | up to 72 km / h | walking on the ground |
| Mammal pronghorn (ashore) | up to 92 km / h | at longer distances |
| Mammal cheetah (on land) | 112 km / h | only in the sprint, over a short distance |
| Mammal killer whale (underwater) | 55 to 65 km / h | |
| Mammal dolphin (underwater) | 46 km / h | |
| Mammal bat (in the air) | 50 km / h | |
| Fish sailfish | 109 km / h | over a short distance (90 meters) |
| Fish yellowfin tuna | 72 km / h | |
| Fish salmon | 39 km / h | |
| Fish blue shark | 36 km / h | |
| Insect hawkmoth | 54 km / h | |
| Insect dragonfly | 30 km / h | |
| Fly horse insect | 22 km / h | |
| Insect cockchafer | 11 km / h |
See also
Web links
- FIA - World Land Speed Records (English)
- International Skating Union (world records speed skating, English)
- Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI) (English)
- International Human Powered Vehicle Association (IHPVA) (world records for human powered vehicles by categories land - underwater - water - air, English)
- Union Cycliste International (UCI) (world records bicycles according to UCI rules, French / English)
- Speed Record Club (English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.ihpva.org/hpvarecl.htm#nom01
- ↑ http://www.moultonbicycles.co.uk/heritage.html
- ↑ Albeau and Bringdal smash the 50 knot barrier
- ↑ Windsurfing world record
- ↑ [1]
- ↑ http://www.greenbird.co.uk/land-record
- ↑ a b Official List of Speed Records Homologated by the FIA in Category C. (PDF; 15 kB) fia.com, November 25, 1997, accessed on June 10, 2011 (English).
- ↑ a b c d e f Official List of Speed Records Homologated by the FIA in Category A. (PDF; 89 kB) fia.com, January 4, 2011, accessed on June 7, 2011 (English).
- ↑ Matt Schutte: Ohio State's all-electric Venturi Buckeye Bullet 3 sets new landspeed record , Ohio State University homepage (accessed October 8, 2016)
- ↑ http://www.focus.de/auto/videos/hennessey-venom-gt-435-km-h-das-ist-das-schnellste-auto-der-welt_id_3644166.html
- ↑ a b c d e L. JK Setright: The Guinness Book of Motorcycling. Facts and Feats. 1982, ISBN 0-85112-255-8 , p. 179 ff.
- ↑ Monika Schulz: Bonnie in Ocean , Motorrad 24/2000 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ New FIM World Record - Bonneville Raceway, Utah (USA). (No longer available online.) FIM-live.com, October 4, 2010, archived from the original on February 28, 2011 ; accessed on June 7, 2011 .
- ^ Clausewitz, magazine for military history; Comet-like power egg . Issue 5/2017, p. 77.
- ↑ Karl-Heinz Eyermann , Wolfgang Sellenthin: The air traffic of the USSR . 1967, p. 31.
- ^ Ferdinand C. W. Käsmann: World record aircraft . Volume 1, 2nd edition. Aviatic Verlag, Oberhaching 1999, p. 106.
- ↑ Eurocopter X3
- ↑ A World War II Grumman F8F2 Bearcat, Circa 1946. rarebear.com, accessed June 12, 2011 .
- ↑ Faster Than a Speeding Bullet: Guinness Recognizes NASA Scramjet. NASA, June 20, 2005, accessed June 9, 2011 (English): "worked successfully at Mach 9.6 (approximately 7,000 mph), as it flew over the Pacific Ocean west of California"
- ↑ Sikorsky X2 reaches a record speed of 463 km / h. FLUGREVUE, September 16, 2010, accessed May 7, 2011 .
