Usain Bolt

Usain Bolt
Usain Bolt at the World Championships in Berlin 2009
Full name	Usain St. Leo Bolt
nation	Jamaica
birthday	21st August 1986 (age 34)
place of birth	Sherwood Content ,  Jamaica
size	195 cm
Weight	95 kg
Career
discipline	100 m , 200 m , 4 × 100 m
society	Racers Track Club
Trainer	Glen Mills
status	resigned
End of career	August 12, 2017
Medal table
Olympic medals 8 × 0 × 0 × World Cup medals 11 × 2 × 1 × Junior World Championship medals 1 × 2 × 0 ×
Olympic games gold 2008 Beijing 100 m gold 2008 Beijing 200 m gold 2012 London 100 m gold 2012 London 200 m gold 2012 London 4 × 100 m gold 2016 Rio de Janeiro 100 m gold 2016 Rio de Janeiro 200 m gold 2016 Rio de Janeiro 4 × 100 m  World championships silver 2007 Osaka 200 m silver 2007 Osaka 4 × 100 m gold 2009 Berlin 100 m gold 2009 Berlin 200 m gold 2009 Berlin 4 × 100 m gold 2011 Daegu 200 m gold 2011 Daegu 4 × 100 m gold 2013 Moscow 100 m gold 2013 Moscow 200 m gold 2013 Moscow 4 × 100 m gold 2015 Beijing 100 m gold 2015 Beijing 200 m gold 2015 Beijing 4 × 100 m bronze 2017 London 100 m  Junior World Championships gold 2002 Kingston 200 m silver 2002 Kingston 4 × 100 m silver 2002 Kingston 4 × 400 m  Youth World Championships gold 2003 Sherbrooke 200 m  Commonwealth Games gold 2014 Glasgow 4 × 100 m  IAAF World Relays silver 2015 Nassau 4 × 100 m Central American and Caribbean Championships gold 2005 Nassau 200 m
last change: May 10, 2018

Usain St. Leo Bolt (born August 21, 1986 in Sherwood Content ) is a retired Jamaican sprinter . He is an eight-time Olympic champion , eleven-time world champion and world record holder in the 4 x 100 meter relay , in the 100 and 200 meter run . With a world record time of 9.58 seconds, set on August 16, 2009 in the final at the World Athletics Championships in Berlin , he is the only person to date to have run the 100 meters in less than 9.6 seconds. At these world championships he also set the world record over the 200-meter distance with 19.19 seconds.

Usain Bolt is the only sprinter to date who has successfully defended the double of victories in the 100 and 200 meter sprint at the Olympic Games ; he succeeded twice. In 2008 , 2012 and 2016 he won Olympic gold in both the 100 and 200 meter sprints. Measured by the number of gold medals, he is the most successful participant (of the men) at outdoor world championships and is one of the most successful summer Olympians . He is also considered to be the "highest paid athlete in the history of athletics" and has been named athlete and world athlete of the year several times . Bolt is seen by many experts as one of the greatest athletes in history and is often referred to as the best sprinter of all time.

Sprint career

Bolt first received international attention in 2002 when he became Junior World Champion over 200 meters in Kingston at the age of 15 . After becoming youth world champion in 2003, a week later he set a junior world record over this route , which he was able to improve in 2004 to under 20 seconds (19.93 s). The 2004 Olympic Games in Athens were comparatively disappointing for him , when he was eliminated in the preliminary run due to a calf injury sustained in the previous season.

In 2005 Bolt reached the finals of a major championship for the first time at the World Championships in Helsinki , but in the course of which he injured himself and hobbled to the finish line last. He increased his 200m best time in 2006 when he was only 2 hundredths of a second above Donald Quarrie's national record at the Athletissima meeting in Lausanne with 19.88 seconds .

In 2007, Bolt set a new Jamaican country record with 19.75 s. This time also made him the world's third fastest runner of the year after Tyson Gay and Walter Dix . With 10.03 s and 45.28 s, Bolt also showed ascending levels over 100 and 400 meters in 2007 .

In the final of the 2007 World Championships in Osaka over 200 meters, he achieved his greatest success to date: Behind the outstanding sprinter of these World Championships, Tyson Gay , Bolt secured the silver medal in a time of 19.91 s. Two days later, Bolt won the silver medal again with the 4 x 100 meter relay , which set a national record.

Usain Bolt has suffered from scoliosis since childhood and has been receiving regular treatment from Hans-Wilhelm Müller-Wohlfahrt since 2004 .

2008

Usain Bolt celebrates his Olympic victory in the 100-meter run (2008)

On May 3, 2008, Bolt achieved a time of 9.76 s over the 100 meter distance, which not only meant the world's best performance for the year, but was also the second fastest time ever over this distance under regular wind conditions. He increased his own best performance by 27 hundredths of a second.

At the Reebok Grand Prix in New York City on May 31, 2008, Bolt and World Champion Tyson Gay met over 100 meters. Bolt set a new world record in the race with 9.72 seconds.

On August 16, 2008, Usain Bolt improved his own world record in the final of the 100-meter run at the Beijing Olympics with 9.69 s. He reached a top speed of 43.9 km / h. He was the first Jamaican to win Olympic gold over this route. About twenty meters before the finish line, Bolt slowed down and spread his arms cheering, which he missed an even better time (the astrophysicist Hans Eriksen and colleagues later determined a possible 9.55 s), especially since his shoelace had opened and was therefore too wide Parts of the route his shoe was also still open. Since the time of 9.69 s was achieved with no wind, the performance is almost equivalent to the 9.58 s in Berlin a year later at 0.9 m / s tail wind. On August 20, 2008, he stayed over 200 meters in 19.30 seconds two hundredths below the twelve-year-old world record set by Michael Johnson . What was remarkable about this run was that Bolt ran the time at 0.9 meters per second headwind. He is the first athlete since Carl Lewis to win both the 100 and 200 meters. The victory on 22 August 2008 in the 4 x 100-meter relay was due to the doping offense of Nesta Carter in January 2017 revoked .

2009

At the beginning of the year, Bolt completed two 400-meter runs in 46.35 s and 45.54 s, respectively, before competing over the two shorter sprint distances. In his first 100-meter run, which took place in Jamaica on March 15, before the main season, he broke the 10-second mark with 9.93 s. In late April, Bolt was involved in a car accident, but he did not suffer any serious injuries. He was discharged from hospital on the day of the accident and two weeks later he was able to take part in the Great City Games held in downtown Manchester . With 14.35 s he set a new world record over the rarely held 150 meter course.

He secured his participation in the world championships in Berlin with victories over 100 and 200 meters at the national championships. In July he ran the fourth fastest time ever in Lausanne with 19.59 seconds over the 200 meter distance.

At the World Championships in Berlin on August 16, 2009, Bolt won the gold medal over 100 meters and improved his own world record to 9.58 s in this run. Bolt achieved an average speed of 44.72 km / h between the 60 and 80 meter mark. His response time was 0.146 s, 0.027 s slower than the fastest, Richard Thompson .

space	runner	RZ	20 m	40 m	60 m	80 m	100 m	Max. Speed ​​section
1	Usain Bolt	0.146	2.89	4.64	6.31	7.92	9.58	70-80 m
2	Tyson Gay	0.144	2.92	4.70	6.39	8.02	9.71	70-80 m
3	Asafa Powell	0.134	2.91	4.71	6.42	8.10	9.84	60-70 m

Bolt (second from right) celebrates victory in the relay competition

At the 200-meter run in Berlin, he won gold with a new world record of 19.19 s; his reaction time of 0.133 s was the fastest of all participants.

He also won gold in the Jamaican 4 x 100 meter relay in Berlin and set a new world record in this discipline, as he did recently in Beijing.

For his extraordinary achievements, he received an original piece of the Berlin Wall over three meters high from Berlin Mayor Klaus Wowereit , on which he is painted in color.

2010

Bolt started the season well, first with a 200-meter run in 19.56 s and then with a win on his Diamond League debut in Shanghai. On May 27, he competed in the Ostrava Golden Spike over the 300-meter course with the aim of breaking Michael Johnson 's world record. This was 30.85 s, Bolt missed it by twelve hundredths of a second with 30.97 s. This was followed by 100-meter victories at the Diamond League meetings in Lausanne and Paris, before he recorded his second defeat in a 100-meter final on August 6th at DN Galan in Stockholm after 14 wins in a row. Tyson Gay , the runner-up at the World Championships in Berlin, was first by a clear margin in 9.84 s, while Bolt only crossed the line after 9.97 s. Usain Bolt stated that this year he had "taken the training a little slower", whereas Gay is simply in better shape due to intensive preparation.

2011

Bolt started the season with two victories over the 100-meter distance in Rome and Ostrava. Still competing in Europe, he now contested a few 200-meter runs: In Oslo he set the interim world annual best with 19.86 s. On July 8, 2011, he won the 200 meters of the Diamond League meeting in Paris. He reached the goal in a time of 20.03 s and won ahead of Christophe Lemaitre . At the same time he won a few weeks later in Stockholm .

On July 22nd, he ran the 100 meters for the first time in two months at the Diamond League meeting in Monaco. He won it with a tailwind of 1.0 m / s in 9.88 s, set a new season high for himself, but failed to break Asafa Powell's world best for the year.

At the World Championships in Daegu in the same year , he came as a favorite in the 100-meter final, where he was disqualified after a false start . His compatriot Yohan Blake became world champion . Over the 200 meters, Bolt won the gold medal in a time of 19.40 s. Bolt won a second gold medal at these world championships a day later, together with Nesta Carter, Michael Frater and Yohan Blake in the 4 x 100 meter relay competition. The Jamaican relay set a new world record with a time of 37.04 s.

On September 13, he increased his season best in Zagreb to 9.85 s. At his last start, the Van Damme Memorial in Brussels three days later, Bolt broke Powell's world best for the year and crossed the finish line after 9.76 s with a tailwind of 1.3 m / s in front of Nesta Carter .

Usain Bolt at the 2012 Olympics

At the end of the year, Bolt had five runs under the 10-second mark and two 200-meter races in which he finished in under 20 seconds - far fewer than in his most successful years in 2008, 2009, 2012 and 2013.

2012

In January 2012, Bolt agreed for the two Diamond League meetings in Oslo and Rome for the 100-meter distance. He made his first individual start over the 100 meters in Kingston. There he won ahead of Michael Frater with the fastest time of the year to date: 9.82 s. After his fastest start to the season of all time, he was at a loss in Ostrava: He won the race with 10.04 seconds, but was disappointed and not in Olympic form. On May 31st, he ran the 100 meters in Rome in the world's best time of 9.76 seconds. He won ahead of Powell, who took 9.91 s to finish. On June 7th in Oslo he came in first ahead of Powell, albeit with a smaller margin: Bolt crossed the finish line after 9.79 s, his compatriot after 9.85 s.

On June 29, he suffered his first loss in two years at the Jamaican Trials . After a weak start he was able to overtake Powell , but his training partner Blake ran into first place with 9.75 seconds. Two days later he had to admit defeat to Blake again over the 200-meter distance. With 19.83 s he finished three hundredths of a second behind him. After the trials , Bolt complained of back problems and canceled participation in the Herculis in Monaco, but at the same time assured that participation in the Olympics was not endangered.

At the Olympic Games in London in 2012 , he ran the final over 100 meters in 9.63 s (Olympic record) and won gold again. After a good start, the Jamaican took a decisive lead 40 meters from the finish and stayed twelve hundredths of a second ahead of his rival Yohan Blake. In the final over 200 meters he also secured the gold medal with 19.32 seconds ahead of Blake. This makes Bolt the first sprinter who managed to defend the double of the 100- and 200-meter sprint at the Olympic Games. He won the third gold medal in the 4 x 100 meter relay together with Frater, Carter and Blake with a new world record time of 36.84 s.

On August 23, he broke the meeting record that he himself had set three years ago with 19.58 seconds at the Athletissima in Lausanne. He won over 200 meters in his first Diamond League start of the season ahead of Churandy Martina and Nickel Ashmeade . A week later he also set a new meeting record at Weltklasse Zürich : When it rained, he crossed the finish line with 19.66 seconds ahead of his compatriots Ashmeade and Jason Young. On September 7th, he won the season finale over 100 meters at Memorial Van Damme in 9.86 s and secured victory in the overall standings of the Diamond League with 16 points.

2013

He started the new season with his first 400-meter run in three years. At the Camperdown Classics in Kingston, he won his time course in 46.71 s, which was well above his best time of 2007, but still finished third overall. He completed a second 400-meter run on March 23, also in Kingston, this time he crossed the finish line after 46.44 s.

Bolt at the 2013 World Championships

On March 31st, he competed in Rio de Janeiro on a surface laid especially for this race over the 150-meter distance. He had previously stated that he wanted to break the world record of 14.35 s, which he set in Manchester in 2009. In front of 3,000 spectators who had gathered on Copacabana beach , he just missed this time with 14.42 s. After he had to cancel the Jamaica Invitational because of a hamstring injury, he won a race in the Cayman Islands on May 8th . The time of 10.09 s and the fact that he was only crowned the winner after a photo finish in front of Kemar Bailey-Cole made it a weak start to the season over 100 meters for him. On June 6, he suffered his first international defeat in Rome since 2010 in Stockholm - where he had lost to Tyson Gay - Justin Gatlin won with 9.94 s, a hundredth of a second ahead of Bolt. At the Bislett Games in Oslo, on the other hand, he appropriately won the 200-meter distance in 19.79 seconds.

At the Jamaican Championships he won over 100 meters in 9.94 s, which he qualified for the World Championships in Moscow . He did not have to compete over 200 meters: The Jamaican Athletics Association had decided in favor of defending champion Bolt when awarding the wildcard - his compatriot Ashmeade would also have conceded it as Diamond Race winner. In Paris he countered Tyson Gay's previous world best of the year with 19.73 s , who was convicted of doping a week later. He was also in good shape in London : first he won the 100-meter race in 9.85 s and then, together with his teammates from the Racers Track Club , also won the 4-by-100-meter relay with 37.75 s .

At the 14th World Athletics Championships in Moscow, Bolt won three gold medals, as he did in the 2009 championships in Berlin. He won over 100 meters in 9.77 s in front of the American Gatlin (9.85 s), over 200 meters in the world best of the year of 19.66 s in front of his teammate Warren Weir (19.79 s) and with the 4- times-100-meter relay also in world annual best performance of 37.36 s together with Nesta Carter, Kemar Bailey-Cole and Nickel Ashmeade. With a total of eight gold and two silver medals he is the most successful participant in outdoor world championships .

At Weltklasse Zürich , the first Diamond League highlight, he won the 100-meter race in front of Ashmeade and Gatlin in 9.90 s, before finishing first in his last race of the season with 9.80 s on September 6 in Brussels .

In September he expressed his first concrete plan to end his career after the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro .

2014

After a protracted foot injury, Bolt's season didn't start until August at the Commonwealth Games . There he appeared as part of the 4 x 100 meter relay in Jamaica, with which he won gold in the world’s annual record of 37.58 s. In order to avoid further injuries, he ended the season after only two 100-meter races at the Copacabana and Warsaw . Only in Warsaw did it stay below the 10-second mark with 9.98 s.

2015

Bolt (right) in the 100 meter final of the 2015 World Championships

As usual, Bolt started the season in March with a 400-meter run, which he completed in 46.37 s. On April 19, a show race on a built track followed in Rio de Janeiro, which he won in 10.12 seconds. In May he was part of the Jamaican 4 x 100 meter relay, which lost its title from the previous year to the USA at the 2015 IAAF World Relays . He won his first major individual races, both over 200 meters, but he couldn't convince in either of them. As a consequence, he canceled his participation in the state championships. He later announced that he could not achieve his full potential due to pain due to a blocked sacroiliac joint in his left leg and also canceled meetings in Paris and Lausanne. His only competition after the break and before the World Championships in Beijing, for which he was automatically qualified as the defending champion, he played at the London Diamond League Meeting. There he won in the semifinals and final in 9.87 s each and thus reported back as a contender for the title and competitor for Justin Gatlin , who had dominated the season so far.

At the World Championships, he made it to the 100-meter final after a sovereign run-up and a narrow victory in the semifinals. With 9.79 s he prevailed wafer-thinly against Gatlin, who visibly cramped on the last meters and crossed the finish line after 9.80 s, and won the gold medal over 100 meters for the third time after 2009 and 2013. The same duel took place over the 200-meter distance, but Bolt clearly won. With a world best for the year of 19.55 s, he beat Gatlin by almost two tenths of a second. He achieved the triple at the end of the world championships with the 4 x 100 meter relay. As the final runner after Nesta Carter , Asafa Powell and Nickel Ashmeade , he won his eleventh gold medal and the fourth consecutive world championship win for the Jamaican season.

2016

At the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro , he won the 100 meters in 9.81 s, making him the first athlete to win the 100 meters at the Olympic Games for the third time. The same applies to the 200-meter course, which he won in 19.78 s. He was also able to win the 4 x 100 meter relay (37.27 s) for the third time with the Jamaican relay.

2017

Cramp and fall in the final of the 4 x 100 meter relay

On January 25, 2017, the IOC ordered the disqualification of the 4 x 100 meter relay from Jamaica at the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing. Because of doping of relay colleague Nesta Carter , Bolt had to give up his gold medal.

As announced at the beginning of the season, Bolt only competed in four competitions in his senior year and completely renounced the 200-meter distance due to increasing back problems. He kicked off his race, which was staged as a farewell tour, on June 10th in front of his home crowd at the Racers Grand Prix, where he won in 10.03 seconds. On June 28, he won the Golden Spike in Ostrava for the ninth time with a time of 10.06 s . He completed one last race in the Diamond League on July 21 in Monaco , where he was satisfied with the preparation for his last world championships with his first time under 10 seconds, 9.95 s. He traveled to the World Championships with 27 100-meter victories in a row , but in 2017 he had only met one of the co-favorites with Akani Simbine; he first met Blake, Gatlin and Coleman in London. There he won the bronze medal in the 100-meter run in 9.95 s behind Justin Gatlin and Christian Coleman . His last race, the final of the 4 x 100 meter relay , Bolt had to abandon 50 meters from the finish due to a muscle spasm .

End of career sprint

After the 2017 World Athletics Championships in London in August, Bolt ended his sporting career.

Awards

In 2008, 2009, 2011, 2012 and 2013 Usain Bolt was named World Athlete of the Year by the IAAF . In 2009, 2010, 2013 and 2017, Bolt received the Laureus World Sports Award as World Sportsman of the Year .

Also in 2008, 2009, 2012, 2015 and 2016 he was voted international “ Champion des champions ” by the French sports newspaper L'Équipe . The Italian La Gazzetta dello Sport voted him 2008, 2009, 2012, 2013, 2015 and 2016 for " World Sportsman of the Year " and in 2008 as part of the winning 4 x 100-meter relay to Nesta Carter , Michael Frater and Asafa Powell to "World Team of the Year". He was also voted BBC Overseas Sports Personality of the Year in 2008, 2009 and 2012 .

In 2009 he was awarded the Order of Jamaica , the fourth highest order in Jamaica. In 2011, Bolt was awarded an Honorary Doctorate from the University of the West Indies . He was also named Jamaica's Sportsman of the Year in 2008, 2009, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2015 and 2016 .

In Barbados , the Usain Bolt Sports Complex , which opened in 2015, is named after him.

Running style and performance

His height of 1.95 m affects his running style in many ways. On the one hand, it leads to a slow start-up phase because it has to move more mass. In addition, it is sometimes noticeable due to the almost careless reaction times such as 2012 in Ostrau with 0.180 s. At the beginning of his races, another sprinter is often in front while he only takes the lead later. On the other hand, with its long legs, which measure 110 centimeters from the sole to the hips, it can take steps of up to 2.95 meters in length. His average stride length is 2.43 meters; this is how he manages to be faster than sprinters like Tyson Gay or Yohan Blake , whose advantage is a higher step frequency. With his victories in Beijing , Berlin and London , he needed 41 steps each to reach the finish. His competitor Blake at the 2012 Olympic Games took 46 steps with an average length of only 2.17 meters, but at a frequency of 4.72 steps per second, Bolt only took 4.28 steps per second to win due to his longer steps.

Bolt's world record run was physically examined in 2013 in the European Journal of Physics, vol. 34, p. 1227. After that, Bolt's body required an average force of 815.8  Newtons , the maximum force was reached shortly after the start with 1000 Newtons. The peak power was achieved with 2620  watts 0.89 s after the start. Bolt consumed 81.6  kilojoules of energy in this run.

He has been trained by Glen Mills since 2004 , who himself learned his training basics from the American sprinter trainer Bud Winter . Winter had u. a. 200-meter world record holder and Olympic champion Tommie Smith , who was 1.91 m tall, too, was above average and he had trained a correspondingly large stride length. The crucial loss of time in a sprint lies in the neuronal feedback processes in the brain that take place with every step. A complete symmetry of the legs and a smaller number of steps reduce this feedback time.

Self-presentation and attraction

Usain Bolt in his “brand pose” in Rome 2011

Depiction of his pose at Madame Tussauds

Usain Bolt is also known for his staging before the start and after his victories. The most famous pose is the movement designed as an "archer" or "astrologer", depending on the interpretation. Other shows were, for example, the push-ups after his 200-meter victory in London or various dances and pantomime performances . After he has put his feet in the starting blocks , he also always crosses himself and pointing to heaven is part of the ritual. At the 2008 Olympic Games , he caused a stir when he slowed down after 80 meters in the 100-meter final, turned around and then patted his chest with his hand. In addition, his laces had opened and his shoe was open for large parts of the route. Because of his cheering pose during the race, the President of the IOC , Jacques Rogge , urged him to show more respect for his opponents.

Bolts stadium inlet on a rocket at the Sainsbury's Anniversary Games in London 2013

After its initial success in 2002 Bolt received by the press nicknamed "Lightning Bolt" (German: lightning) .

I'm now a legend. I'm also the greatest athlete to live.

“ I am a legend now. I am also the greatest athlete alive. "

- Usain Bolt, after his 200m win at the 2012 Olympics

The then President of the IOC, Jacques Rogge, responded to Bolt's statement and said that Bolt was not yet a legend and would not deserve this title until the end of his career, but later gave in and called him the best sprinter of all time.

Bolt is also considered to be the greatest attraction in athletics. For example, he is popular as the cover face for numerous competitions or as an advertising partner ( Visa , Puma ). The organizers of various meetings also confirmed its role as a crowd puller. The organizer of the Athletissima in Lausanne said that Bolt would attract around 10,000 additional spectators to major competitions like those in Rome or Paris . This is why many organizers of invitation tournaments are also willing to spend a large part of the athlete's budget on Bolt, as at the Athletissima 2012, where he received around 300,000 Swiss francs (around 250,000 euros) as entry fee , with a total budget of one million. On the other hand, in 2013 it was cheaper for the Athletissima meeting director, Jacky Delapierre, to invite the four top sprinters Blake, Gay, Gatlin and Powell instead of Bolt, at CHF 200,000. In addition, many organizers grant him special rights, such as his own press conferences or special stadium runs.

In 2012, Forbes magazine listed him as 63rd among the highest-earning athletes and thus number 1 among track and field athletes. It is noticeable that only US $ 300,000 out of a total of US $ 20.3 million came from prize money and the rest from entry fees, sponsors and advertising contracts. Bolt's outfitter Puma pays $ 9 million annually for the advertising contract with him. In 2013 he was again listed as the highest earning athlete. With 24.2 million US dollars, this time he was even in 40th place among all athletes. In 2015 it was ranked 73rd with US $ 21 million.

statistics

Activities in football

Bolt has dreamed of a career as a professional footballer since he was a child. On March 23, 2018, he completed a PR training at Borussia Dortmund during an international break . At the end of May 2018, Bolt trained for a week with the Norwegian first division club Strømsgodset IF and played 20 minutes in a test match against a Norwegian U19 team, the guest appearance also served as preparation for the charity soccer game Soccer Aid .

On July 17, 2018, the Central Coast Mariners , who play in the Australian A-League , announced that they were in negotiations with Bolt. Bolt will complete a six-week trial training session, a contract is not guaranteed. On August 7, 2018, the Central Coast Mariners announced that Bolt would train with the team for an "indefinite period". The aim is to develop the "fastest man in the world" into a professional football player. The agreement still does not guarantee a contract. On August 31, 2018, Bolt with the shirt number 95, based on his 100-meter world record time of 9.58 seconds , came on in a friendly game of the Mariners in the 71st minute and played on the left wing. He said he was trying to improve his skills by the start of the season in October. On October 12, 2018, Bolt scored the 3-0 and 4-0 goals with a brace in his starting XI debut in a charity game against a selection of players from Southwest Sydney . However, at the start of the A-League season 2018/19 on October 19, 2018, Bolt did not receive a contract. On November 4, 2018, the Central Coast Mariners announced that they could not finally agree on a contract with Bolt and that his training participation had ended immediately.

Private

Bolt claims to be single and lives in Jamaica.

In May 2020, his partner gave birth to a daughter.

literature

• Usain Bolt with Matt Allen: Like lightning. The autobiography . C. Bertelsmann, Munich 2013, ISBN 978-3-570-10198-8 .
• Christof Gertsch & Mikael Krogerus: Usain Bolt - portrait of an athlete of the century. The discovery of speed. Usian Bolt, athlete of the century and natural wonder, resigns. Our authors followed his heels in Jamaica and ended up in his arms , Das Magazin , Tages-Anzeiger , Tamedia Zurich July 22, 2017, pp. 8–35

Web links

Commons : Usain Bolt  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Usain Bolt in the database of World Athletics (English)
• Usain Bolt's website
• Usain Bolt in the Internet Movie Database (English)
• Portrait ( memento of August 8, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) at nbcolympics.com (English)
• Portrait ( memento of March 29, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) at IAAF - Focus on Athletes , September 20, 2006 (English; updated August 20, 2007)
• Usain Bolt in the Sports-Reference database (English; archived from the original )

Individual evidence

1. ↑ forbes.com: How Usain Bolt Earns $ 20 Million A Year ; August 4, 2012 (accessed September 11, 2013)
2. ^ "More muscles and better technology" , SID interview at derstandard.at , accessed on June 17, 2013.
3. ↑ Jamaican Bolt ran a new 100-meter world record . In: The press . June 1, 2008
4. ↑ Bolt's 9.69s. Analysis of speed during the world record. How fast did Bolt run? ( Memento of January 6, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) on Science of Sport, August 17, 2008
5. ↑ Other native Jamaican Olympic champions in this discipline started for other countries, such as the later disqualified winner from 1988 Ben Johnson and the winner from Atlanta 1996 Donovan Bailey for Canada , and the winner from Barcelona 1992 Linford Christie for Great Britain . In the sprint, Donald Quarrie had already been victorious over 200 meters in Montreal in 1976 and Arthur Wint in 1948 in London over 400 meters.
6. ↑ HK Eriksen: How fast could Usain Bolt have run? A dynamical study In: American Journal of Physics. 77, 2009, p. 224, doi: 10.1119 / 1.3033168 .
7. ↑ James Randerson: How 'Lightning' Bolt cost himself 0.14 seconds . In: The Guardian . September 11, 2008, p. 7
8. ↑ Jens Weinreich: 100-meter victory: "With the handbrake on" at Spiegel-Online.de August 16, 2008
9. ↑ cf. Maths and Sports: How Fast Can Usain Bolt Run? - Professor John D. Barrow: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1KF432zVWDQ&t=2310 at 38:10
10. ↑ Bolt's second fabulous world record . August 20, 2008
11. ^ IOC sanctions two athletes for failing anti-doping test at Beijing 2008. International Olympic Committee , January 25, 2017, accessed April 21, 2018 . 
12. ↑ reuters.com: Bolt maintains improvement over longer sprint February 22, 2008 (accessed October 30, 2013)
13. ↑ theguardian.com: Usain Bolt walks free after car crash Anna Kessel, April 30, 2009 (accessed October 30, 2013)
14. ↑ Bolt wins gold and world record on Spiegel-Online. Retrieved August 16, 2009.
15. ↑ Analysis of Bolt's 9.58 World Record ( Memento from August 23, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) on Science of Sport, August 17, 2009
16. ↑ Athletics World Cup: Bolt triumphs over 200 meters with a fabulous time. In: Spiegel Online . August 20, 2009, accessed August 31, 2015 . 
17. ↑ 200 meter final, results ( memento from August 23, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) berlin.iaaf.org, accessed on August 21, 2009
18. ↑ Berlin honors Bolt with a piece of the Berlin Wall. In: tz.de. August 23, 2009, accessed August 31, 2015 . 
19. ↑ Gay powers past Bolt in Stockholm. In: news.bbc.co.uk. August 6, 2010, accessed August 31, 2015 . 
20. ↑ diamondleague.com on July 23, 2011: Monaco Wrap Up: With near World record run, Kipruto steals the show ( Memento from March 26, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
21. ↑ 100 meters: Blake beats Bolt in top time. In: Spiegel Online . June 30, 2012, accessed August 31, 2015 . 
22. ↑ Olympia 5.8: Bolt triumphs with Olympic record. In: hdsports.at. August 5, 2012, accessed August 31, 2015 . 
23. ↑ Bolt and Blake open their seasons over 400m in Kingston. In: iaaf.org. February 10, 2013, accessed August 31, 2015 . 
24. ↑ Post Publishing Pcl .: Sprint king Bolt beaten over 400m. In: bangkokpost.com. March 24, 2013, accessed August 31, 2015 . 
25. ^ Sid (Sports Information Service): Bolt is aiming for the 150 m world record at the Copacabana. (No longer available online.) In: handelsblatt.com . March 29, 2013, archived from the original on September 24, 2015 ; accessed on August 31, 2015 . 
26. ↑ sid (sports information service): Bolt missed the 150 m world record on the Copacabana. (No longer available online.) In: handelsblatt.com . March 31, 2013, archived from the original on September 24, 2015 ; accessed on August 31, 2015 . 
27. ↑ sid (Sports Information Service): 10.09 seconds: Usain Bolt started poorly. (No longer available online.) In: handelsblatt.com . May 9, 2013, archived from the original on September 24, 2015 ; accessed on August 31, 2015 . 
28. ↑ Melton Williams: ATHLETICS: JAAA rules in favor of Bolt. In: jamaica-gleaner.com. June 13, 2013, accessed August 31, 2015 . 
29. ↑ Sprint superstar: Bolt announces the end of his career in 2016. In: Spiegel Online . September 4, 2013, accessed August 31, 2015 . 
30. ↑ Usain Bolt cancels starts in Paris and Lausanne. In: Leichtathletik.de. July 1, 2015, accessed September 13, 2015 . 
31. ↑ The comparison: Usain Bolt or Justin Gatlin? B. In: Leichtathletik.de. August 22, 2015, accessed September 13, 2015 . 
32. ↑ Back problems: Usain Bolt does without the 200 meters . Leichtathletik.de. June 29, 2017. Retrieved August 13, 2017.
33. ↑ Jan-Henner Reitze: Cheers, reggae and a victory to say goodbye to Bolt . Leichtathletik.de. June 11, 2017. Retrieved August 13, 2017.
34. ↑ Carl Schönenberger: Usain regulates his succession himself . blick.ch. June 28, 2017. Retrieved August 13, 2017.
35. ↑ Ben Bloom: Usain Bolt produces season's best 9.95 seconds in Monaco victory in timely boost ahead of London ( English ) The Daily Telegraph . July 21, 2017. Retrieved August 13, 2017.
36. ↑ Carl Schönenberger: Usain Bolt asks for the last dance . blick.ch. July 31, 2017. Retrieved August 13, 2017.
37. ↑ Hendrik Buchheister: Bolt drama for parting: The fall of the infallible . spiegel.de. August 13, 2017. Retrieved August 13, 2017.
38. ↑ sid: Control of his waist: Bolt doesn't want to get a stomach in his retirement either. In: zeit.de . May 4, 2017. Retrieved March 29, 2018.
39. ↑ World Athletes of the Year 2008 - Issinbayeva and Bolt honored ( Memento from July 31, 2009 in the Internet Archive ), November 24, 2008
40. ^ Sid: Athletics: Bolt and Pearson World Athletes of the Year. (Not available online.) In: zeit.de . November 12, 2011, archived from the original on April 9, 2014 ; accessed on August 31, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
41. ↑ sid: Athletics: Bolt and Felix World athletics 2012. (Not available online.) In: zeit.de . November 24, 2012, archived from the original on June 11, 2015 ; accessed on August 31, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
42. ↑ Press release. iaaf.org, accessed November 17, 2013.
43. ↑ World's fastest man Bolt gets Order of Jamaica. In: cbc.ca. October 19, 2009, accessed August 31, 2015 . 
44. ↑ Usain Bolt: Fastest Doctor in the World. In: Focus Online . November 4, 2011, accessed August 31, 2015 . 
45. ↑ Markku Datler: Usain Bolt: The Magic of 41 Steps. In: diepresse.com. August 6, 2012, accessed August 31, 2015 . 
46. ↑ dpa: London 2012: Bolt remains the fastest man in the world. In: zeit.de . August 5, 2012, accessed August 31, 2015 . 
47. ^ JJ Hernández Gómez, V. Marquina, RW Gómez: On the performance of Usain Bolt in the 100 m sprint. In: European Journal of Physics. 34, 2013, p. 1227, doi: 10.1088 / 0143-0807 / 34/5/1227 .
48. ↑ Usain Bolt - Strong as three and a half horses. In: sueddeutsche.de . July 26, 2013, accessed August 31, 2015 . 
49. ↑ Arnd Krüger : Symmetry as a talent criterion? Competitive Sport 45 (2015) 1, p. 29; Arnd Krüger: Sprinting ability and information processing capacity of humans, in: The teaching of athletics 30 (1979), No. 44/45.
50. ^ Claus Dieterle: Best regards from Rome to Mister Bolt. In: FAZ.net . July 11, 2009, accessed August 31, 2015 . 
51. ↑ Thomas Hahn: Sprinter Yohan Blake challenges Usain Bolt - When experience and show talent are missing. In: sueddeutsche.de . August 5, 2012, accessed August 31, 2015 . 
52. ↑ Rogge criticizes Bolt for exaggerating jubilation. In: tagesspiegel.de . August 21, 2008, accessed August 31, 2015 . 
53. ↑ Robin Scott-Elliot: 'I am the greatest athlete to live' boasts Usain Bolt after 200 meters victory. In: independent.co.uk. August 10, 2012, accessed August 31, 2015 . 
54. ↑ ^{a b} The big show about the fastest man in the world. In: dlv-sport.de. August 2, 2013, accessed August 31, 2015 . 
55. ↑ Nothing works in athletics without Usain Bolt. In: sport.t-online.de. May 29, 2015, accessed August 31, 2015 . 
56. ↑ Usain Bolt does not run a 100 m run in Lausanne - he is a meeting director too expensive. In: aargauerzeitung.ch. March 31, 2013, accessed August 31, 2015 . 
57. ^ Kurt Badenhausen: # 63 Usain Bolt - In Photos: The World's 100 Highest-Paid Athletes 2012. In: forbes.com. Retrieved August 31, 2015 . 
58. ↑ Usain Bolt. In: forbes.com. Retrieved August 31, 2015 . 
59. ↑ Tassilo Hackert: Usain Bolt announces training at Borussia Dortmund and reveals his dream: Bolt will train at BVB in March , accessed on February 26, 2018.
60. ↑ Usain Bolt is auditioning in Dortmund , accessed on March 22, 2018
61. ↑ skysports.com: Usain Bolt plays for Norwegian team Stromsgodset in friendly vs Norway U19 (June 6, 2018) , accessed on October 21, 2018
62. ↑ dailymail.co.uk: Usain Bolt trains with Norwegian side Stromsgodset as he prepares to lead World XI in annual Soccer Aid clash (May 30, 2018)
63. ↑ Mariners address Usain Bolt negotiations , ccmariners.com.au, July 17, 2018, accessed July 18, 2018.
64. ↑ Usain Bolt to train with Central Coast Mariners , ccmariners.com.au, August 7, 2018, accessed August 9, 2018.
65. ↑ Ex-sprint star Bolt makes his debut as a footballer with the Central Coast Mariners , transfermarkt.de, accessed on September 2, 2018
66. ↑ Bolt strikes twice as Mariners win 4-0 , ccmariners.com.au, October 12, 2018, accessed October 18, 2018.
67. ↑ BREAKING NEWS: Usain Bolt Update , ccmariners.com.au, November 2, 2018, accessed November 5, 2018.
68. ↑ 20 minutes - «Finding a girlfriend is not easy». In: 20min.ch. October 31, 2014, accessed August 31, 2015 . 
69. ↑ Usain Bolt became a father - congratulations from the Prime Minister. In: Der Spiegel . May 19, 2020, accessed May 19, 2020 .