Hudson, Massachusetts

Hudson
The Wood Square in Hudson
Location of Hudson, Massachusetts
Hudson
Basic data
Foundation :	1699
State :	United States
State :	Massachusetts
County :	Middlesex County
Coordinates :	42 ° 24 ′  N , 71 ° 34 ′  W Coordinates: 42 ° 24 ′  N , 71 ° 34 ′  W
Time zone :	Eastern ( UTC − 5 / −4 )
Inhabitants : -  Metropolitan Area :	19,063 (status: 2010) 4,552,402 (status: 2010)
Population density :	639.7 inhabitants per km 2
Area :	30.7 km 2  (approx. 12 mi 2 ) of which 29.8 km 2  (approx. 12 mi 2 ) are land
Height :	80 m
Postal code :	01749
Area code :	+1 351,978
FIPS :	25-31540
GNIS ID :	0618226
Website :	www.townofhudson.org
Mayor :	Paul Blazar

Hudson is a small town in Middlesex County in the state of the United States Massachusetts in the United States . The city is centrally located in Massachusetts and is about 40 minutes (30 miles) from Boston and 20 minutes (26.6 km) from Worcester .

Before Hudson received city rights in 1866, it was a suburb of neighboring Marlborough under the name Feltonville . From 1850 until the last shoe factory was destroyed by a fire in 1968, Hudson was also known as the “City of Shoes”, with up to 17 shoe factories at their peak. Many of them got the energy they needed from the Assabet River , which flows through the city. The factories attracted large numbers of immigrants , which is still reflected in the composition of the city's population today. Most of the inhabitants are originally from either Portugal or Ireland , with a smaller proportion from France , Italy , England or Scotland .

geography

Geographical location

The Assabet River flows through the urban area. On the border with Stow is Lake Boon , which used to be a popular destination, but is now mostly residential. On the border with Marlborough is the Fort Meadow Reservoir , which used to provide drinking water for Hudson and Marlborough.

Expansion of the urban area

According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of ​​11.8 square miles (30.7 km²), of which 11.5 square miles (29.8 km²) are land and 0.3 square miles (0.9 km²) (2, 87%) water.

Neighboring communities

Hudson is bounded by five cities: Bolton and Stow in the north, Marlborough in the south, Sudbury in the east and Berlin in the west.

City structure

The Village Gleasondale is in both the Hudson and Stow areas.

history

In 1650, the area where today's Hudson is located was part of a prayer city . The Indians were evicted from their land during the King Philip's War , and most did not return after the war ended.

The first European settlement in the area dates back to 1699, when the settler John Barnes , who had been awarded an acre of the Ockookangansett's territory a year earlier , built a flour mill there by the river . The mill stood in what is now Hudson's property. By 1701 Barnes had also built a sawmill on the river and a bridge over it. These structures served the young city as a center and fixed points. Over the next century, Hudson grew slowly but steadily.

Hudson was initially part of Marlborough and was called Feltonville until it was granted town charter in 1866 . As early as June 1743, the residents of what is now Hudson were striving for independence from Marlborough, but a petition to this effect was rejected by the Massachusetts General Court .

On April 19, 1775, fighting broke out between men from Hudson and the minutemen .

In the 1850s, what was then Feltonville received its first rail link. Hudson was served by two breakpoints that were operated first by the Central Massachusetts Railroad Company and later by the Boston and Maine Railroad Company until they closed in 1965 . The connection to the railroad allowed the development of larger factories, some of which were equipped for the first time in the country with steam engines and sewing machines . By 1860, 17 shoe- making factories had set up in Feltonville , attracting immigrants from Ireland and Canada, among others .

The inhabitants of what was then Feltonville fought on the side of the Union troops in the American Civil War . Many houses in the city, including the oldest building, Goodale House on Chestnut Street (built in 1702), were stations of the Underground Railroad .

In 1865, residents again petitioned Feltonville to become an independent city. The Massachusetts General Court agreed on March 19, 1866. The new city of Hudson was named after Charles Hudson , who spent his childhood in the city and donated $ 500 to build a new library. The donation was linked to the condition that the newly founded city be named after him.

In the following 20 years, Hudson grew with the settlement of industrial companies. Two wool factories, a rubber band factory, a piano factory and a factory for the production of fabrics impregnated by applying a rubber layer were built, as well as banks, schools, a poor house and the town hall , which still exists today and is still used as such. The population was around 5,500, most of whom lived in small houses with gardens at the back. The city had five volunteer fire brigades , one of which owned the Eureka Hand Pump , a spectacular pump for the time that could shoot a 38 mm jet of water 70 m.

When two boys played with fireworks on July 4, 1894 , they set off a fire and a disaster: 40 houses and 20,000 m² of space in the center of Hudson fell victim to the flames. No one was injured, but the damage was estimated at $ 400,000. However, the city was rebuilt within a year.

By 1900 Hudson had a population of 7,500, and the city had already built its own power station so that some houses could be supplied with electricity. Electrically operated tram lines were built to connect Hudson with Leominster , Concord and Marlborough . The city's factories grew steadily, attracting immigrants from England , Germany , Portugal , Lithuania , Poland , Greece , Albania, and Italy . They usually lived in serviced apartments close to their place of work. In 1928, 19 different languages ​​were spoken by workers at the Firestone-Apsley Rubber Company . Today most of the inhabitants of Hudson have Irish or Portuguese ancestry, with smaller proportions made up of Italians, French, English, Scots and Greeks. About a third of the population are of Portuguese descent. Most of these come from the Azores or, more precisely, from the island of Santa Maria , to a lesser extent from the island of São Miguel and the Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro region on the Portuguese mainland. The Hudson Portuguese community maintains the Hudson Portuguese Club with a newly renovated clubhouse. The club was founded in the mid-1910s and has outlived other ethnic hangouts like the earlier Italian club. Today's immigrants come mainly from Mexico , Central America , Brazil and other South American countries, from Asia and from Europe.

The population only changed noticeably after the Second World War , when urban developers began to buy up farms on the outskirts. Houses were built on the new land, which more than doubled the number of residents. More recently, high-tech companies have settled in the city, including Digital Equipment Corporation , which has since been acquired by Intel . Although there are now around 20,000 residents in Hudson, the city is still governed by a people's assembly (Open Town Meeting) .

Previous names of the city

Feltonville: This is the name of the town before it became independent and was renamed Hudson when Feltonville was a suburb of Marlborough. The name comes from the Felton Store , a shop operated by Silas Felton that was built in the suburb in the early 19th century. The name Feltonville was used from 1828 until Hudson was founded in 1866. Even today there are two streets in the city that commemorate this: Felton Street and Feltonville Road .

In the years before 1828, today's Hudson was renamed several times:

• From 1656 to 1700, today's Hudson and the surrounding areas were called Indian Plantation or Cow Commons .
• From 1700 to 1800 the settlement was known as The Mills .
• From 1800 to 1828 the settlement was called New City .

Religions

Unitarian Church, built in 1861

Methodist Episcopal Church after a fire in 1911; the new building took place in 1913.

A very small fraction of Hudson's residents are Jewish and Orthodox , but there is no synagogue or Orthodox church. Still, Hudson played an important role in the development of the Albanian Orthodox Church, as in 1906 an Albanian was denied a funeral by a Greek Orthodox priest from Hudson and the city has supported the Albanian community ever since.

Temples, churches, places of worship

• Saint Michael's Roman Catholic Church . The St. Michael's Church , or even just St. Mike's has existed since 1869; the building that is still in use today dates from 1889.
• Saint Luke's Episcopal Church . The St. Luke's Church was completed 1913th
• First United Methodist Church of Hudson . The building was completed in 1913 after the previous building burned down in 1911.
• Unitarian Church of Marlborough and Hudson . The church is technically older than the city itself, as it was built in 1861.
• Grace Baptist Church . The church was built in 1986 and has grown from 25 to currently 1200 members.
• Carmel Marthoma Church . The youngest church in Hudson was built in 2001, but fellowship activities can be traced back to the early 1970s.
• First Federated Church ( Baptist / Congregational ) . The First Federated Church was built in the 1960s.
• Hudson Seventh-day Adventist Church . The building was constructed in the 1960s.
• Hudson also has a large Buddhist community associated with the Sōka Gakkai .

Buildings no longer in use

• Christ the King Roman Catholic Church . The church merged with Saint Michael's Church in 1994 to create a common parish. In the course of the merger, the church building was shut down and no longer used for church purposes. This happened in the course of a number of church closings in the Archdiocese of Boston due to a lack of young people.
• Union Church of All Faiths , possibly the smallest church in the United States, built by Rev. Louis W. West.

Population development

Population development
Census	Residents		± in%
1900	5454		-
1910	6743		23.6%
1920	7607		12.8%
1930	8460		11.2%
1940	8042		-4.9%
1950	8211		2.1%
1960	9666		17.7%
1970	16,084		66.4%
1980	16,408		2%
1990	17,233		5%
2000	18,113		5.1%
2010	19,063		5.2%
Ten-Year US Census

Age distribution in Hudson in 2000
under 18 years			24.0%
18 to 24 years			6.7%
25 to 44 years			33.5%
45 to 64 years			23.6%
over 65 years			12.2%

Based on the 2000 census , Hudson had 18,113 residents spread across 6,990 households and 4,844 families. The population density was 1,574.4 people per square mile or 608.1 people per square kilometer. There were 7,168 housing units at a density of 623 units per square mile (240.7 units per square kilometer).

The city's population was made up as follows: 94.12% White , 0.91% African American , 0.13% Indigenous American , 1.4% Asian , 0.06% Pacific Islander , 1.4% other races, and 1 , 98% two or more races . Hispanics and Latinos made up 3.06% of the population. Many Italians live in the city.

32.0% of households had children under the age of 18, 56.7% were married couples, 9.2% of households were led by single women and 30.7% of households were not classified as families. Singles lived in 25.2% of households, 9.5% were single seniors over 65 years of age. The average household size was 2.57 and the average family size was 3.11.

The age distribution can be seen in the diagram. The median household income was 58,549 US dollars , the median family income 70,145 US dollars. Males had a median income of $ 45,504 versus $ 35,207 for women. The city's per capita income was $ 26,679. 2.7% of families and 4.5% of the urban population lived below the poverty line , with 3.8% under the age of 18 and 8.7% over 65.

politics

Hudson City Hall from 1872

In the Massachusetts General Court Hudson is Kate Hogan and Senator Jamie Eldridge represents. In the United States Congress , Hudson is represented by Niki Tsongas in the House of Representatives and Senators John Kerry and Scott Brown in the Senate .

Municipal council

Hudson, like most New England towns, is ruled by a popular assembly. There is also the Board of Selectmen , to which a certain number of elected people belong. Within this group, the positions of chairman , vice-chairman and clerk rotate regularly, so that each member fills all positions over time.

mayor

The current official representative on the local council is Paul Blazar .

Town twinning

• Vila do Porto , Santa Maria , Azores , Portugal

Economy and Infrastructure

education

Students in Hudson can choose from three school districts in which to study. There are two public and one private schools available. The two public school districts consist of the Hudson Public Schools and the Assabet Valley Regional Vocational School District , while the Saint Michael's Schools represent the private, Catholic school district operated by the Saint Michael’s community .

Public schools and institutions

• The John F. Kennedy Middle School is a public junior high school . It was built in the late 1960s and named after the recently killed US President John F. Kennedy .
• The Carmela A. Farley Elementary School is a public elementary school . The building was constructed in the 1950s and has already served as a high school and middle school .
• The Joseph L. Mulready Elementary School is a public elementary school and also has a kindergarten class . The school was originally named Cox Street School after its address , but was renamed after Hudson's former superintendent Joseph L. Mulready.
• The Forest Avenue Elementary School is a public elementary school, which is also a pre-school class offering. It was put into operation in 1975 and is named after the street in which it is located.
• The Hudson High School (HHS) is a public high school incl. Pre-school class. A multi-million dollar new building was built and inaugurated in 2004 after the old building, dating from the early 1970s, was demolished.
• The Cora Hubert Kindergarten Center is a public kindergarten in the former New Broad Street School building , which was built in 1924 and has housed the kindergarten since 1976.
• The Assabet Valley Regional Technical High School is a public vocational school and opened the 1,973th

Private schools

• The Saint Michael's School is a private Catholic elementary school and a kindergarten. The original building was built for the school's founding in 1918, but the school has since moved to the former Hudson Catholic High School . In May 2011, the provider announced that the school would be closing at the end of the current school year.
• The Hudson Catholic High School (CHS) was a private Catholic high school. The school building was completed in 1959 and administered by the St. Michael's Catholic Parish. Just one month before the end of the 2008/2009 school year, the community announced the closure of the school by the Archdiocese of Boston for the 2009/2010 school year due to the low number of registrations and the lack of funding. The former school building now serves as a space for Saint Michael's School .

Hudson Public Library

The Hudson Public Library first opened in 1867 with an inventory of 720 books. In fiscal year 2008, the City of Hudson spent 1.19% of its budget ($ 614,743 or $ 31 per inhabitant) on the library.

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

• Paul Cellucci (1948–2013), Governor of Massachusetts (1997–2001) and US Ambassador to Canada (2001–2005)
• William D. Coolidge - physicist, an improved x-ray tube invented and tungsten - wire for very bright incandescent developed. Former Vice President of General Electric and elected to the National Inventors Hall of Fame in 1975
• Tony Frias - professional soccer player with New England Revolution , Marítimo Funchal and SC Lusitânia
• Burton K. Wheeler (1882-1975), US Senator for Montana (1923-1947)

Personalities who have worked on site

• Lewis D. Apsley - Founder of the Firestone-Apsley Rubber Company and Congressman for Massachusetts (1893-1897)
• Charles Hudson - The city was named after him after he offered $ 500 to build a public library on condition that the city be named after him. He was a Congressman for Massachusetts from 1841 to 1849 and, according to tradition, a good friend of US President Abraham Lincoln .
• Charles J. Precourt - Retired American astronaut .
• Thomas P. Salmon - Former Vermont Governor (1973-1977) who attended Hudson High School.
• William C. Sullivan - Former FBI chief of intelligence
• Nuno Bettencourt - rock musician and lead guitarist of the band Extreme

literature

• Lewis Halprin, The Hudson Historical Society: Images of America - Hudson . Arcadia, Charleston, SC 1999, ISBN 0-7385-0073-9 .
• Lewis Halprin, The Hudson Historical Society: Postcard History Series - Hudson . Arcadia, Charleston, SC 2008, ISBN 978-0-7385-6284-1 .
• The Hudson Historical Society: Hudson Bicentennial Scrapbook . Reviewing some of the happenings, customs and personalities in the Town of Hudson, as recalled or recorded through the years. Own publication, Hudson 1976, OCLC 2763394 .
• William L. Verdone, Lewis Halprin: Images of America - Hudson's National Guard Militia . Arcadia, Charleston, South Carolina 2005, ISBN 0-7385-4456-6 .
• Samuel Adams Drake: History of Middlesex County, Massachusetts . Containing carefully prepared histories of every city and town in the county. Estes and Lauriat, Boston 1879, OCLC 3583041 (English, full text in Google Book Search [accessed October 19, 2011]).

Web links

Commons : Hudson, Massachusetts  - Collection of pictures, videos, and audio files

• Hudson City Council
• Hudson Public Library
• Map of Hudson from 1870 (1 of 2)
• Map of Hudson from 1870 (2 of 2)
• Hudson on Google Maps
• Wall & Gray: Atlas of Massachusetts, 1871. Retrieved October 19, 2011 . 

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Route Hudson - Boston
2. ^ Hudson - Worcester route
3. ^ ^{A b c d e f} Lewis Halprin, The Hudson Historical Society: Images of America - Hudson. Arcadia Publishing, Charleston, SC 2001, ISBN 0-7385-0073-9 , p. 7.
4. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r} Lewis Halprin, The Hudson Historical Society: Postcard History Series - Hudson. Charleston 2008, ISBN 978-0-7385-6284-1 , pp. 7-10.
5. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h} Lewis Halprin, The Hudson Historical Society: Images of America - Hudson. Charleston, SC 2001, ISBN 0-7385-0073-9 , p. 8.
6. ↑ Hudson Portuguese Club website
7. ↑ ^{a b c} The Hudson Historical Society: Hudson Bicentennial Scrapbook. 1976.
8. ^ Website of the Saint Michael's Roman Catholic Church
9. ^ ^{A b c d e f g h i} Lewis Halprin, The Hudson Historical Society: Images of America - Hudson. Arcadia Publishing, Charleston, SC 2001, ISBN 0-7385-0073-9 , pp. 76-84.
10. ↑ St. Luke's Church website
11. ^ First United Methodist Church of Hudson website
12. ^ Website of the Unitarian Church of Marlborough and Hudson
13. ↑ Grace Baptist Church website
14. ^ Website of the Carmel Marthoma Church ( Memento of the original from July 25, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
15. ^ First Federated Church website
16. ↑ Hudson Seventh-day Adventist Church website
17. ↑ Sōka Gakkai New England website  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
18. ^ Town of Hudson, MA. Board of Selectmen. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on October 5, 2011 ; accessed on October 15, 2011 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
19. ^ Hudson Public Schools. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on July 25, 2011 ; Retrieved October 15, 2011 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
20. ^ ^{A b c} Lewis Halprin, The Hudson Historical Society: Images of America - Hudson. Arcadia Publishing, Charleston, SC 2001, ISBN 0-7385-0073-9 , pp. 85-94.
21. ^ Assabet Valley Regional Technical High School. Retrieved October 17, 2011 . 
22. ↑ St. Michael School. Retrieved October 18, 2011 . 
23. ^ Jeff Malachowski: St. Michael School in Hudson to close. (No longer available online.) In: MetroWest Daily News. May 14, 2011, archived from the original on August 26, 2011 ; accessed on October 18, 2011 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
24. ^ Michael Paulson: Hudson Catholic High School closing. In: Boston.com. May 30, 2009. Retrieved October 18, 2011 . 
25. ↑ Caleb Benjamin Tillinghast: The free public libraries of Massachusetts . sn, Massachusetts 1891, OCLC 660773427 .
26. ^ History - Hudson Public Library. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on July 24, 2011 ; Retrieved October 18, 2011 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
27. ^ Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Board of Library Commissioners: The FY2008 Municipal Pie. (PDF; 134 kB) What's Your Share? (No longer available online.) 2009, archived from the original on March 5, 2012 ; accessed on October 18, 2011 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
28. ^ Revolution Signs Midfielder Tony Frias III. New England Revolution , April 13, 2003; Retrieved February 1, 2009 . 
29. ↑ APSLEY, Lewis Dewart. In: Members of Congress: Massachusetts. Infoplease.com, accessed February 1, 2009 . 
30. ^ NASA biography of Charles J. Precourt , accessed February 1, 2009 (PDF).