National parks in Japan

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Location of the 34 national parks (as of Sep. 2017)

The national parks ( Japanese 国立 公園 , kokuritsu kōen ) in Japan are appointed by the Japanese Ministry of the Environment . They are supposed to represent the most beautiful natural areas in Japan.

Besides the national parks there are u. a. also quasi national parks and the prefectural nature parks , which also belong to the nature reserves . There are 34 national parks, 56 quasi-national parks and 306 prefecture nature parks (as of July 26, 2017). The land area of ​​the national parks covers an area of ​​over 21,898.04 km² (as of March 31, 2017), which corresponds to 5.8% of the total area of ​​Japan.

history

Japan's first national park law was passed in 1931. Three years later, the first three national parks were named: Setonaikai National Park , Unzen National Park (today: Unzen Amakusa National Park ) and Kirishima National Park (later Kirishima Yaku National Park , today: Kirishima Kinkōwan National Park ). In the same year five other national parks were added with Aso , Nikkō , Japanese Alps , Akan and Daisetsuzan and two years later Towada , Fuji-Hakone , Yoshino-Kumano and Daisen . After the Second World War, these 12 national parks were expanded by 22 more between 1949 and today. In addition, the National Park Act of 1931 was replaced by a more comprehensive one in 1957, which also introduced the division into national parks, quasi-national parks and prefecture parks. In 1972 the management of the national parks was transferred from the Japanese Ministry of Health to the Ministry of the Environment.

List of national parks

In the following, the national parks are sorted in descending order by area (as of August 31, 1994). In the national parks that are located on the island of Hokkaidō, their respective sub-prefectures were named instead of the prefecture Hokkaidō.

Surname Land area in ha appointment Visitors 2013 WDPA ID IUCN Prefecture (s) region
Daisetsuzan National Park 226.764 0Dec. 4, 1934 4,870,000 726 II Kamikawa , Tokachi Hokkaidō
Bandai Asahi National Park 186.389 05th Sep 1950 7,350,000 727 II Yamagata , Fukushima , Niigata Tōhoku
Chūbu Sangaku National Park 174,323 0Dec. 4, 1934 9,170,000 729 II Niigata , Toyama , Nagano , Gifu Chūbu
Jōshin'etsu Kōgen National Park 148.194 0Sep 7 1949 26,470,000 12261 II Gunma , Niigata , Nagano Kanto
Nikko National Park 114.908 0Dec. 4, 1934 15,440,000 12258 V Fukushima , Tochigi , Gunma Kanto
Chichibu Tama Kai National Park 126.259 July 10, 1950 13,960,000 732 V Saitama , Tokyo , Yamanashi , Nagano Kanto
Fuji Hakone Izu National Park 121,695 0Feb. 1, 1936 121,470,000 317049 V Tokyo , Kanagawa , Yamanashi , Shizuoka Kanto
Shikotsu-Tōya National Park 99,473 May 16, 1949 9,900,000 733 II Ishikari , Iburi , Shiribeshi Hokkaidō
Akan National Park 90,481 0Dec. 4, 1934 3,530,000 734 II Kushiro , Nemuro , Okhotsk , Tokachi Hokkaidō
Towada Hachimantai National Park 85,534 0Feb. 1, 1936 4,500,000 735 II Aomori , Iwate , Akita Tōhoku
Aso Kujū National Park 72,678 0Dec. 4, 1934 22,410,000 736 V Kumamoto , Ōita Kyushu
Setonaikai National Park 67,242 16. Mar. 1934 41,230,000 737 V Hyōgo , Wakayama , Okayama , Hiroshima , Yamaguchi , Tokushima , Kagawa , Ehime , Fukuoka , Ōita Chūgoku , Shikoku
Yoshino Kumano National Park 61,406 0Feb. 1, 1936 7,100,000 738 V Mie , Nara , Wakayama Kinki
Ise Shima National Park 55,544 Nov 20, 1946 10,630,000 740 V Mie Kinki
Hakusan National Park 49,900 Nov 12, 1962 660,000 741 II Toyama , Ishikawa , Fukui , Gifu Chūbu
Amamigunto National Park 42.181 07th Mar 2017 Okinawa Nansei-shotō
Iriomote Ishigaki National Park 40,653 15th Mar 1972 1,990,000 747 II Okinawa Nansei-shotō
Myoko Togakushi Renzan National Park 39,772 27 Mar 2015 Niigata , Nagano Chūbu
Shiretoko National Park 38,636 0June 1, 1964 1,740,000 742 II Okhotsk , Nemuro Hokkaidō
Oze National Park 37,200 Aug 30, 1972 430,000 555575152 V Fukushima , Tochigi , Gunma , Niigata Tōhoku
Kirishima Kinkowan National Park 36,586 16. Mar. 1934 12,100,000 555575153 II Miyazaki , Kagoshima Kyushu
Minami Alps National Park 35,752 0June 1, 1964 710,000 743 II Yamanashi , Nagano , Shizuoka Chūbu
Daisen Oki National Park 35,353 0Feb. 1, 1936 15,370,000 12260 V Tottori , Shimane , Okayama Chūgoku
Unzen Amakusa National Park 28,279 16. Mar. 1934 6,650,000 745 V Nagasaki , Kumamoto , Kagoshima Kyushu
Kushiro Shitsugen National Park 28,788 July 31, 1987 460,000 13984 II Kushiro Hokkaidō
Saikai National Park 24,646 16. Mar. 1955 4,640,000 12259 V Nagasaki Kyushu
Yakushima National Park 24,566 16. Mar. 2012 170,000 555575150 II Kagoshima Kyushu
Rishiri Rebun Sarobetsu National Park 24,166 Sep 20 1974 730,000 3099 II Soy , Rumoi Hokkaidō
Sanriku Fukkō National Park 28,537 0May 2, 1955 555575151 V Iwate , Miyagi Tōhoku
Yambaru National Park 13,622 Sep 15 2016 Okinawa Nansei-shotō
Ashizuri Uwakai National Park 11,345 Nov 10, 1972 1,600,000 12399 V Ehime , Kochi Shikoku
San'in Kaigan National Park 8,783 July 15, 1936 7,400,000 750 V Kyōto , Hyōgo , Tottori Kinki
Ogasawara National Park 6,629 Oct 16, 1972 40,000 751 II Tokyo Kanto
Keramashoto National Park 3,520 05th Mar 2014 555621337 II Okinawa Kyushu
Total: 2,189,804 Total: 354,950,000

gallery

See also

Web links

Commons : National Parks in Japan  - Collection of Images, Videos and Audio Files

Individual evidence

  1. Statistics on nature reserves in Japan at protectedplanet.net . Retrieved July 26, 2017 (English).
  2. 国立 公園 地 種 区 分別 面積 . Ministry of the Environment of Japan, March 31, 2017, accessed September 3, 2017 (Japanese).
  3. ^ List of National and Quasi-national Parks . Ministry of the Environment of Japan, accessed December 17, 2019 .
  4. ^ Statistics from the Japanese Ministry of the Environment . Ministry of the Environment of Japan, 2016, accessed December 25, 2019 .