Quasi-National Park (Japan)
Location of the quasi national parks |
A kokutei kōen ( written 国 定 公園 , German about “park designated by the state”), English quasi-national park ' quasi national park ' , is a protected area in Japan that is designated by the national government's Ministry of Environment , similar to national parks , but on a proposal from prefectural administrations . Like prefectural parks, it is maintained by the prefectural administrations. The legal framework for all three forms of nature parks is the shizen-kōen-hō ( 自然 公園 法 , "Nature Park Act").
Today there are over 50 quasi-national parks with a total area of over 13,000 km². Over 60 areas were designated, some of which were later upgraded to national parks or incorporated into existing national parks.
List of quasi-national parks
The quasi-national parks (status March 31, 1994) are listed below.
Surname | Area in ha | appointment | WDPA ID | IUCN | Prefecture (s) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Shokanbetsu-Teuri-Yagishiri-Quasi-National Park ( Japanese 暑 寒 別 天 売 焼 尻 国 定 公園 , Shokanbetsu-Teuri-Yagishiri kokutei kōen ) | 43,559 | Aug 1, 1990 | 29811 | V | Hokkaidō |
Abashiri Quasi National Park ( Japanese 網 走 国 定 公園 , Abashiri Kokutei Kōen ) | 37,261 | July 1, 1958 | 3246 | V | Hokkaidō |
Niseko-Shakotan-Otaru-Kaigan-Quasi-National Park ( Japanese ニ セ コ 積 丹 小樽 海岸 国 定 Sh , Niseko-Shakotan-Otaru Kaigan kokutei kōen ) | 19.009 | July 24, 1963 | 3097 | II | Hokkaidō |
Hidaka-Sanmyaku-Erimo-Quasi-National Park ( Japanese 日 高 山脈 襟 裳 国 定 公園 , Hidaka-sanmyaku Erimo kokutei kōen ) | 103,447 | Oct. 1, 1981 | 12287 | II | Hokkaidō |
Ōnuma Quasi National Park ( Japanese 大沼 国 定 公園 , Ōnuma kokutei kōen ) | 9,083 | July 1, 1958 | 3247 | V | Hokkaidō |
Shimokita Hantō Quasi National Park ( Japanese 下 北 半島 国 定 公園 , Shimokitahantō kokutei kōen , " Shimokita Peninsula Quasi National Park ") | 18,728 | July 22, 1968 | 3098 | V | Aomori |
Tsugaru Quasi National Park ( Japanese 津 軽 国 定 公園 , Tsugaru kokutei kōen ) | 25,966 | 31 Mar 1975 | 3248 | V | Aomori |
Hayachine Quasi National Park ( Japanese 早 池 峰 国 定 公園 , Hayachine kokutei kōen ) | 5,463 | June 10, 1982 | 3116 | II | Iwate |
Kurikoma Quasi National Park ( Japanese 栗 駒 国 定 公園 , Kurikoma kokutei kōen ) | 77.122 | July 22, 1968 | 3109 | II | Iwate , Miyagi , Akita , Yamagata |
Minami-Sanriku-Kinkazan-Quasi-National Park ( 南 三 陸金華 山 国 定 公園 ; since 2015 to the Sanriku Reconstruction National Park, Sanriku fukkō kokuritsu kōen ) | 13,902 | 30th Mar 1979 | 3278 | V | Miyagi |
Zaō Quasi National Park ( Japanese 蔵 王国 定 公園 , Zaō kokutei kōen ) | 39,635 | Aug 8, 1963 | 3091 | V | Miyagi , Yamagata |
Oga Quasi National Park ( Japanese 男 鹿 国 定 公園 , Oga kokutei kōen ) | 8,156 | May 15, 1973 | 3249 | V | Akita |
Chōkai Quasi National Park ( Japanese 鳥 海 国 定 公園 , Chōkai kokutei kōen ) | 28,373 | July 24, 1963 | 1963 | V | Akita , Yamagata |
Echigo Sanzan Tadami Quasi National Park ( Japanese 越 後 三 山 只見 国 定 公園 , Echigo Sanzan Tadami kokutei kōen ) | 86,129 | May 15, 1973 | 3108 | II | Fukushima , Niigata |
Suigō Tsukuba Quasi-National Park ( Japanese 水 郷 筑波 国 定 公園 , Suigōtsukuba kokutei kōen ) | 34,309 | 3rd Mar 1959 | 3251 | V | Ibaraki , Chiba |
Myōgi-Arafune-Saku-Kōgen-Quasi-National Park ( Japanese 妙 義 荒 船 佐 久 高原 国 定 公園 , Myōgi Arafune Saku kōgen kokutei kōen ) | 13,123 | Apr 10, 1969 | 3254 | V | Gunma , Nagano |
Minami Bōsō Quasi-National Park ( Japanese 南 房 総 国 定 公園 , Minamibōsō kokutei kōen ) | 5,685 | Aug 1, 1958 | 3106 | V | Chiba |
Meiji-no-Mori-Takao-Quasi-National Park ( Japanese 明治 の 森 高 尾 国 定 公園 , Meiji no mori Takao kokutei kōen , English Meiji Memorial Forest Takao Quasi-National Park ) | 770 | Dec 11, 1967 | 29812 | V | Tokyo |
Tanzawa Ōyama Quasi National Park ( Japanese 丹 沢 大 山 国 定 公園 , Tanzawa ōyama kokutei kōen ) | 27,572 | 25th Mar 1965 | 3095 | V | Kanagawa |
Sado-Yahiko-Yoneyama-Quasi-National Park ( Japanese 佐渡 弥 彦 米 山 国 定 公園 , Sawatari yahiko Yoneyama Kunisada kōen ) | 29,464 | July 27, 1950 | 3094 | V | Niigata |
Noto Hantō Quasi National Park ( Japanese 能 登 半島 国 定 公園 , Notohantō kokutei kōen , " Noto Peninsula ") | 9,672 | May 1, 1968 | 3101 | V | Toyama , Ishikawa |
Echizen-Kaga-Kaigan-Quasi-National Park ( Japanese 越 前 加 賀 海岸 国 定 公園 , Echizen kagakaigan kokutei kōen , "... Echizen - [and] Kaga coast") | 9,246 | May 1, 1968 | 3253 | V | Ishikawa , Fukui |
Wakasa Wan Quasi National Park ( Japanese 若 狭 湾 国 定 公園 , Wakasawan kokutei kōen "... Wakasa Bay ") | 21.091 | June 1, 1955 | 3096 | V | Fukui , Kyoto |
Yatsugatake Chūshin Kōgen Quasi National Park ( Japanese 八 j 岳中信 高原 国 定 公園 , Yatsugatakechūshinkōgen kokutei kōen ) | 39,857 | June 1, 1964 | 3092 | V | Yamanashi , Nagano |
Tenryū Oku Mikawa Quasi National Park ( Japanese 天 竜 奥 三河 国 定 公園 , Tenryū okumikawa kokutei kōen ) | 25,756 | Oct. 1, 1969 | 3255 | V | Nagano , Shizuoka , Aichi |
Ibi-Sekigahara-Yōrō-Quasi-National Park ( Japanese 揖 斐 関 ヶ 原 養老 国 定 公園 , Ibi sekigahara yōrō kokutei kōen ) | 20,219 | Dec 28, 1970 | 3256 | V | Gifu |
Hida-Kiso-gawa Quasi-National Park ( Japanese 飛 騨 木 曽 川 国 定 公園 , Hida Kisogawa kokutei kōen , " Quasi National Park Hida [and] Kiso ") | 18,075 | 3rd Mar 1964 | 3257 | V | Gifu , Aichi |
Aichi-kōgen-Quasi-National Park ( Japanese 愛 知 高原 国 定 公園 , Aichikōgen kokutei kōen ) | 21,705 | Dec 28, 1970 | 3259 | V | Aichi |
Mikawa Wan Quasi National Park ( Japanese 三 河湾 国 定 公園 , Mikawa-wan kokutei kōen , " Mikawa Bay Quasi National Park ") | 9,443 | Apr 10, 1958 | 3258 | V | Aichi |
Suzuka Quasi National Park ( Japanese 鈴鹿 国 定 公園 , Suzuka kokutei kōen ) | 29,821 | July 22, 1968 | 3093 | V | Mie , Shiga |
Muroo Akame Aoyama Quasi National Park ( Japanese 室 生 赤 目 青山 国 定 公園 , Murou akame Aoyama kokutei kōen ) | 26,308 | Dec 28, 1970 | 3260 | V | Nara |
Biwako Quasi National Park ( Japanese 琵琶湖 国 定 公園 , Biwako kokutei kōen , " Quasi National Park Biwa Lake ") | 97,672 | July 24, 1950 | 3261 | V | Shiga , Kyoto |
Meiji-no-Mori-Minoo-Quasi-National Park ( Japanese 明治 の 森 箕 面 国 定 公園 , Meijinomoriminoo kokutei kōen , English "Meiji Memorial Forest Minoo ...") | 963 | Dec 11, 1967 | 29813 | V | Osaka |
Kongō-Ikoma-Kisen-Quasi-National Park ( Japanese 金剛生 駒 紀泉国 定 公園 , " Quasi-National Park Kōngō, Ikoma [and] Kii & Izumi [mountains]") | 15,564 | Apr 10, 1958 | 3264 | V | Osaka , Nara |
Hyōnosen Ushiroyama Nagisan Quasi National Park ( Japanese 氷 ノ 山 後 山 那 岐山 国 定 公園 , Hyōnosen Ushiroyama Nagisan kokutei kōen ) | 48,803 | Apr 10, 1969 | 3266 | V | Hyogo , Tottori , Okayama |
Yamato Aogaki Quasi National Park ( Japanese 大 和 青 垣 国 定 公園 , Yamatoaogaki kokutei kōen ) | 5,742 | Dec 28, 1970 | 3263 | V | Nara |
Kōya Ryūjin Quasi-National Park ( Japanese 高 野 竜 神 国 定 公園 , Takano Ryūjin Kunisada kōen ) | 19.198 | 23 Mar 1967 | 3265 | V | Nara , Wakayama |
Hiba Dōgo Taishaku Quasi National Park ( Japanese 比 j 道 後 帝 釈 国 定 公園 , Hibadōgotaishaku kokutei kōen ) | 7,808 | July 24, 1963 | 3267 | V | Tottori , Shimane , Hiroshima |
Nishi-Chūgoku-Sanchi-Quasi-National Park ( Japanese 西 中国 山地 国 定 公園 , Nishi-Chūgoku-sanchi kokutei kōen , " Quasi National Park Western Chūgoku Mountains ") | 28,553 | Jan. 10, 1969 | 3268 | V | Shimane , Hiroshima , Yamaguchi |
Kita Nagato Kaigan Quasi National Park ( Japanese 北 長 門 海岸 国 定 公園 , Kitanagatokaigan kokutei kōen , "... Northern Nagato Coast") | 8,021 | Nov 1, 1955 | 3269 | V | Yamaguchi |
Akiyoshidai Quasi National Park ( Japanese 秋 吉 台 国 定 公園 , Akiyoshidai kokutei kōen ) | 4,502 | Nov 1, 1955 | 3270 | V | Yamaguchi |
Tsurugisan Quasi National Park ( Japanese 剣 山 国 定 公園 , Tsurugisankokuteikōen , " Quasi National Park Tsurugi ") | 20,961 | 3rd Mar 1964 | 3271 | V | Tokushima , Kochi |
Muroto-Anan-Kaigan-Quasi-National Park ( Japanese 室 戸 阿南 海岸 国 定 公園 , Murotoanan kaigan kokutei kōen ) | 7.216 | June 1, 1964 | 3104 | V | Tokushima , Kochi |
Ishizuchi Quasi National Park ( Japanese 石 鎚 国 定 公園 , Ishidzuchikokuteikōen ) | 10,683 | Nov 1, 1955 | 3272 | V | Ehime , Kochi |
Kita Kyūshū Quasi National Park ( Japanese j 国 定 公園 , Kitakyūshū kokutei kōen ) | 8,249 | Oct 16, 1972 | 3273 | V | Fukuoka |
Genkai Quasi National Park ( Japanese 玄 海 国 定 公園 , Genkaikokuteikōen ) | 10,561 | June 1, 1956 | 3100 | V | Fukuoka , Saga , Nagasaki |
Yaba-Hita-Hikosan Quasi-National Park ( Japanese 耶馬 日 田英彦 山 国 定 公園 , Yaba-Hita-Hikosan Kokutei Kōen ) | 85.023 | July 29, 1950 | 3275 | V | Fukuoka , Kumamoto , Ōita |
Iki Tsushima Quasi National Park ( Japanese 壱 岐 対 馬 国 定 公園 , Ikitsushimakokuteikōen ) | 11,950 | July 22, 1968 | 3274 | V | Nagasaki |
Kyūshū-Chūō-Sanchi-Quasi-National Park ( Japanese 九州 中央 山地 国 定 公園 , Kyūshūchūōsanchikokuteikōen , " Quasi National Park Central Mountains [of] Kyūshū") | 27.096 | May 15, 1982 | 12288 | V | Kumamoto , Miyazaki |
Nippō Kaigan Quasi National Park ( Japanese 日 豊 海岸 国 定 公園 , Nippō kaigan kokutei kōen , " Quasi National Park Hyūga - & Bungo Coast") | 8,518 | Feb. 15, 1974 | 3102 | V | Ōita , Miyazaki |
Sobo Katamuki Quasi National Park ( Japanese 祖母 傾 国 定 公園 , Sobokatamuki kokutei kōen ) | 22,000 | 25th Mar 1965 | 3276 | V | Ōita , Miyazaki |
Nichinan Kaigan Quasi National Park ( Japanese 日南 海岸 国 定 公園 , Nichinan kaigan kokutei kōen , "... Nichinan [= South Hyūga ] coast") | 4,542 | June 1, 1955 | 3107 | V | Miyazaki , Kagoshima |
Amami Guntō Quasi National Park ( 奄 美 群島 国 定 公園 , Amami guntō kokutei kōen , " Quasi National Park Amami Archipelago"; National Park of the same name from 2017 ) | 7,861 | Feb. 15, 1974 | 3103 | V | Kagoshima |
Okinawa Kaigan Quasi National Park ( Japanese 沖 縄 海岸 国 定 公園 , Okinawakaigankokuteikōen ) | 10,320 | May 15, 1972 | 3105 | V | Okinawa |
Okinawa Senseki Quasi National Park ( Japanese 沖 縄 戦 跡 国 定 公園 , Okinawa senseki kokutei kōen ) | 3.127 | May 15, 1972 | 3277 | V | Okinawa |
Tango Amanohashidate Ōeyama Quasi National Park ( Japanese 丹 後 天橋 立 大 江山国 定 公園 , Tango amanohashidate kokutei kōen ) | 19,023 | Aug 3, 2007 | Kyoto |
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Web links
- [Ippan zaidan hōjin] shizen kōen zaidan ("Nature Park Foundation "; English National Park Foundation ): List of kokutei kōen (Japanese)
- Ministry of Environment ( Kankyōshō , Eng. Ministry of the Environment ): natural parks (Japanese), List of national parks and quasi-national parks (english)
- Sōmushō ("Ministry of General Affairs", English Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications ), e-gov law database: Nature Park Act of 1957 (last amended: 2014) and Nature Park Act Implementing Order (Japanese); English translation (status: 2009) at the Ministry of the Environment