Zetel

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the municipality of Zetel
Zetel
Map of Germany, position of the municipality Zetel highlighted

Coordinates: 53 ° 25 '  N , 7 ° 58'  E

Basic data
State : Lower Saxony
County : Friesland
Height : 10 m above sea level NHN
Area : 81.28 km 2
Residents: 11,813 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 145 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 26340
Primaries : 04453, 04452Template: Infobox municipality in Germany / maintenance / area code contains text
License plate : FRI
Community key : 03 4 55 027
LOCODE : DE ZET
Community structure: 16 districts
Address of the
municipal administration: 		Ohrbühlt 1
26340 Zetel
Website : www.zetel.de
Mayor : Heiner Lauxtermann ( SPD )
Location of the municipality of Zetel in the district of Friesland
Bockhorn (Friesland) Varel Zetel Sande (Friesland) Schortens Jever Wilhelmshaven Landkreis Friesland Wangerland Minsener Oog (zu Gemeinde Wangerooge) Mellum Wangerooge Landkreis Leer Landkreis Ammerland Landkreis Aurich Landkreis Wittmund Landkreis Wesermarsch Landkreis Wittmundmap
About this picture

Zetel is a municipality in the Lower Saxony district of Friesland . Together with the neighboring municipality of Bockhorn , it forms the so-called Frisian Wehde .

geography

In the northeast, the municipality of Zetel near Idagroden borders in a narrow strip on the Jade Bay , a large North Sea bay that was created by storm surges during the Middle Ages. The older part of the place Zetel lies on a Geest ridge, also called Esch, which flows further north into the marshland . There are larger forest areas in the east and west of the municipality. The southwestern part is dominated by moors .

Neighboring communities

The neighboring communities of Zetels are Bockhorn (Friesland) in the east, Sande in the north, Friedeburg in the west and Uplengen in the south. The next larger cities are Wilhelmshaven (approx. 20 kilometers northeast), Oldenburg (approx. 40 kilometers southeast) and Emden (approx. 50 kilometers southwest).

Community structure

The municipality consists of the following localities and settlements:

  1. Astede
  2. Astederfeld
  3. Bohlenberge
  4. Bohlenbergerfeld
  2. Collstede
  3. Driefel
  4. Ellen's
  5. Fuhrenkamp
  2. Neuchâtel
  3. Neuchâtel field
  4. Rattle
  5. Ruttelerfeld
  2. Spolsen
  3. Pig bridge
  4. Klein Schweinbrück
  5. Zetel

history

The origins

Although Zetel was first mentioned in a document in 1423 - at that time the place was still called Sethle - the municipality was inhabited long before that. The St. Martin's Church , the oldest building in the village, was completed in 1249, and some years ago the remains of an even older chapel were found during work on the church . Chauken probably lived in the municipality before the turn of the century .

The storm surges

In contrast to other places near the coast, the place Zetel itself was never hit by storm surges, as it is located on an approx. 15 meter high ridge, so that the water masses never got further than the edge of the village. Districts further north, however, were devastated at irregular intervals. Ellen's z. B. was partly an island in the late Middle Ages after violent water inrushes . North of the Zeteler Esch stretched the so-called Black Brack , a permanently flooded marshland that could only be diked and wrested from the Jade Bay with the construction of the Ellenser Dam , which lasted until 1615.

Oldenburg against East Frisia

Motivation for the construction of the dam was that the Oldenburg region belonging Jeverland only with ships or from the hostile because of water leaks Ostfriesland could be achieved - given the fact that with Ostfriesland frequently War led a strategic disadvantage. In 1475 the son of the Oldenburg Count fell into the hands of the East Frisians and was only released six years later when Zetel was ceded to East Frisia. Only through a peace treaty from 1517 did Zetel finally come to Oldenburg. Even today, people are occasionally offended when they cannot tell the difference between Oldenburg Friesland and East Friesland.

The Modern Age

Zetel was largely spared from the Thirty Years War thanks to the clever tactics of the Oldenburg counts. In 1807, however, the place fell into strange hands again when Napoleon occupied northern Germany . After that, the rest of the story was relatively calm until World War II . In the course of industrialization , a pronounced clinker industry developed in Zetel and the surrounding communities due to the clay soil . Many weaving mills and textile factories also settled here, but all of them disappeared into the 1980s due to strong competition from the Far East .

In 1894 Zetel was connected to the railway network, and in 1896 the then still independent municipality of Neuchâtel. After the Second World War, the increasing number of individual traffic sank, so that the Neuchâtel - Zetel - Bockhorn - Varel railway was closed for passenger traffic in May 1954. Freight traffic continued until the early 1990s. The final shutdown took place on August 1, 1993.

Between 1977 and 1980 the community belonged to the neighboring district of Ammerland .

The world wars

While the First World War did not cause any damage in Zetel, in the final phase of the Second World War there were increased casualties among the civilian population. A few kilometers west of Zetels there were flak positions , a military airfield and an ammunition store. In addition, the nearby Wilhelmshaven, as an important naval base, represented an important strategic goal. So it happened that Zetel was hit by bombs more often and many houses in the municipality were destroyed and lives were destroyed.

Incorporations

In the course of the regional reform , the municipality of Neuchâtel was incorporated on July 1, 1972. In addition, there were considerations to incorporate parts of the municipality into the neighboring municipality of Sande. However, these plans were abandoned in 1975.

politics

Municipal council

The Zetel municipality council consists of 28 councilors. This is the specified number for a municipality with a population between 11,001 and 12,000. The municipal council is elected for a five-year term by local elections. The current term of office began on November 1, 2016 and ends on October 31, 2021.

The full-time mayor Heiner Lauxtermann is also entitled to vote in the city council.

The last local election on September 11, 2016 resulted in the following:

Political party  Proportional votes  Number of seats
SPD 45.03% 13
CDU 26.25% 7th
Alliance 90 / The Greens 12.22% 3
UWG 11.00% 3
FDP 2.12% 1
The left 3.35% 1

The turnout in the 2016 local elections was 57.45%, slightly above the Lower Saxony average of 55.5%. For comparison - in the previous municipal election on September 11, 2016, the turnout was 56.41%.

mayor

The full-time mayor of the municipality of Zetel is Heiner Lauxtermann. In the last mayoral election on May 25, 2014, he was re-elected as incumbent unopposed candidate with 84.1% of the vote. The turnout was 44.7%. Lauxtermann began his further term on November 1, 2014.

Representatives in the Land and Bundestag

Member of the State Parliament Olaf Lies

In the elections to the Lower Saxony state parliament , Zetel belongs to the state electoral district 070 Friesland , which includes the entire district of Friesland. The direct mandate was won on October 15, 2017 by Olaf Lies from the SPD. On November 22, 2017, Lies was elected Minister for the Environment, Energy, Building and Climate Protection of Lower Saxony. The electoral term ends in 2022.

Zetel is part of the Friesland - Wilhelmshaven constituency . It includes the city of Wilhelmshaven and the districts of Friesland and Wittmund . The directly elected MP is Siemtje Möller (SPD). No party candidate from the constituency entered the Bundestag via the parties' list.

coat of arms

The coat of arms of the municipality of Zetel shows a blue shield with five yellow ears of wheat . In front of it a yellow bar with a red shuttle with a yellow bobbin and thread.

flag

The flag of the municipality of Zetel shows in two horizontal stripes of the same width from top to bottom the colors blue and red with the applied municipal coat of arms.

Twin cities

A partnership with the Polish city ​​of Szczyrk has existed since 2008 .

Culture and sights

theatre

The Vereenshuus , located on the outskirts of Neuchâtel, is in a sense the cultural center of the community. It serves as the seat of Low German stage Neuchâtel that there annually several plays in Low German lists. There are also many other events such as B. cabaret evenings. Every two years the Niederdeutsche Bühne organizes open-air plays in front of the Neuchâtel Palace.

Museums

Northwest German School Museum

In the Northwest German School Museum in Bohlenbergerfeld there used to be an elementary school until this, like many others, was closed in favor of larger, centrally located schools . The museum has existed in the old school building since 1978 , the heart of which is a true-to-the-original classroom from the beginning of the 20th century , in which, on request, lessons can be held just like in imperial times. In addition, there is a permanent and other changing exhibitions on the history of the region.

The Rutteler Mühle , a so-called gallery Dutchman , was built in 1865 and is one of the very few windmills in Germany that are still in commercial operation today. A small sawmill and an excursion café are connected to the mill. There is also a collection of miniature windmills and a short, reconstructed light rail line to be admired in the mill yard .

Visual arts

The art association “Die Bahner” organizes the Neuchâtel art weeks every year . The art weeks are an important cultural event in the region.

In 2009 the gallery Südliches Friesland opened in the former steppenhaus on Neuenburger Strasse . The gallery shows changing exhibitions with national and international artists.

Idagroden is located on the so-called sculpture path art on the dike . The sculpture path was laid out in the Expo year 2000 and runs along the cycle path on the sea dike from Mariensiel to Dangast . The seven sculptures were created during a sculpture symposium and were created by seven different artists. The sculptures represent the seven days of the creation story . The sculpture next to the bike path on the Idagrodener Sea dike represents the 4th day of creation. Jo and Jutta Klose called their work: "Sun, moon and stars - the lights".

Buildings

Neuchâtel Castle
Castle with sculpture Leonard Wübbena
St. Martin's Church
Rutteler mill

In 1462, Count Gerd zu Oldenburg had Neuchâtel Castle built as a stronghold against the East Frisians. Until it was rededicated as a village community center in 1965, the castle housed a district court , an agricultural school and a rural women’s school. Today, located in the castle one ornithological museum, the castle chapel of the Evangelical - Lutheran congregation, a daycare center and the wedding hall, which also meeting room of the municipal council is Zeteler.

The Zeteler St. Martins Church is the oldest building in the village. It was built in 1249 on the northern edge of Zetels. Like many other churches in northern Germany, it was built from large sandstone blocks , stands in the middle of a cemetery on a terp and has a separate church tower. During storm surges, which fortunately never reached Zetel, it served the population as a refuge. The interior of the church is very simply furnished, as the local region was never too prosperous; But the altar is really worth seeing . In addition to the obligatory church services , concerts are occasionally held here.

Natural monuments

The Neuchâtel Primeval Forest is the remainder of a large forest area in the Frisian Wehde. It is a mixed forest and is largely under nature protection, which is why countless rare animal and plant species from the region can be found here, as well as trees that are over 500 years old. Numerous hiking trails invite you to take walks or bike rides through the forest.

The Spolsener Moor covers 245  hectares and has been a nature reserve since 1986.

Regular events

The Zeteler Markt is the largest fair in Friesland and the surrounding area and takes place regularly on the November weekend before the day of national mourning. Founded hundreds of years ago as a pure cattle market , now well over 100 showmen enrich  the market. The market lasts four days in total: After the weekend, a family day with fireworks takes place on Monday, and after the break on Tuesday, the actual cattle market follows on Wednesday, when all Zetel students have free time.

Economy and Infrastructure

As one of the very few municipalities in Germany, Zetel is almost debt-free. Due to the numerous influx of commuters from nearby Wilhelmshaven in the last 20 years, the income from taxes and duties is mostly almost cost-covering despite the relatively high unemployment . As of January 1, 2000, the debt burden per inhabitant was around 230  euros .

traffic

In the north of the community that leads Highway 29 from Wilhelmshaven via Oldenburg to Ahlhorner Heath , where she appeared in the A 1 opens and closes at Zetel to the federal trunk road network. The B 437 also runs through Neuchâtel from Friedeburg via Varel to the newly built Weser Tunnel . The road network consists of federal roads (8 kilometers), state roads (13 kilometers), district roads (14 kilometers) and local roads (150 kilometers).

The Weser-Ems-Bus line buses run from Zetel to Varel (almost every hour), Wilhelmshaven and Westerstede . Zetel no longer has a rail connection.

Established businesses

While the entire textile industry disappeared over 20 years ago, the clinker industry in Zetel as well as Bockhorn and Varel was able to assert itself. One of the most important employers is the Röben Group's clinker factory located in Schweinbrück, which is also headquartered there and operates worldwide. The Zetel ammunition depot of the German armed forces is located in the Schweinbrücker Fuhrenkämpe forest area . With around 140 employees, the facility is one of the largest employers in the region. Other important employers are three freight forwarders in Zetel, Schweinbrück and Collstede. In the last ten years in particular, there have been increased efforts to bring new jobs to Zetel. For this purpose, two medium-sized industrial areas were created in Driefel and Collstede.

tourism

Neuchâtel in particular lives from tourism. The state-recognized health resort brings many thousands of overnight stays per year. In addition to the nearby North Sea , visitors are also attracted by the wide marshland and moorland in the area. However, the municipality of Zetel is not as dependent on tourists as other holiday resorts on the coast.

media

The regional and local daily newspaper for the community is the Nordwest-Zeitung from Oldenburg with the local section and the independent editorial team Der Gemeinnützige . In addition to the print edition, there is an online edition.

The municipality of Zetel belongs to the circulation area of ​​the advertising paper Friesländer Bote . It appears weekly with a total circulation of around 28,000 copies and is distributed free of charge to households in Varel and the neighboring communities of Bockhorn, Zetel and Jade. In addition to the print edition, there is an online edition.

Movie

In 2008 Frank Hellwig released the film "Zeitreise Zetel" on DVD. This film contains important and atmospheric footage from 1967 to 1985, which Siegfried Bode, the former principal of the secondary school, filmed and set to music. Siegfried Bode was probably the most important chronicler in the history of Zetel. His well-known works "Zeteler Chroniken" Volumes 1 and 2 are also included on the Zeteler time travel DVDs as PDF files. They give a historical overview of Zetels up to the Neolithic.

In 2011 Hellwig published the successor "Zeitreise Zetel 2". This DVD contains, among other things, the film “Life in the New School” by Siegfried Bode and his students, a documentary from 1971–1973 in the original language about the school and the school operations from back then.

As a counterpart to school life, the DVD also contains a film by Hermann Wilkenjohanns about the party life in Zetel in order to expand Zetel's cinematic history. The over 100 year old restaurant and later disco Wilkenjohanns plays a bigger role in the life of the Zeteler and in the whole region.

These films offer a vivid insight into Zetel’s history from the 1960s onwards.

Personalities

Sons and daughters

People associated with Zetel

Web links

Commons : Zetel  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ State Office for Statistics Lower Saxony, LSN-Online regional database, Table 12411: Update of the population, as of December 31, 2019  ( help ).
  2. ↑ Klaus D. Stolle - Eisenbahnwelten Varel - Neuenburg / Varel - Rodenkirchen , accessed on May 8, 2012
  3. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 276 .
  4. ↑ NLA OL Rep 400 Order 138 No. 158 - Reclassification of a sub-area ... - Arcinsys detail page. Retrieved December 18, 2017 .
  5. ^ Lower Saxony Municipal Constitutional Law (NKomVG) in the version of December 17, 2010; Section 46 - Number of MPs , accessed on November 9, 2016
  6. ↑ a b Municipality of Zetel - overall results of the 2016 municipal council election , accessed on November 9, 2016
  7. ↑ The CDU gets the most votes nationwide. September 12, 2016. Retrieved November 9, 2016 .
  8. ↑ Individual results of the direct elections on May 25, 2014 in Lower Saxony , accessed on November 8, 2014
  9. ↑ Olaf Lies: About me , accessed on June 20, 2013
  10. ↑ Constituency division for the election to the German Bundestag , accessed on August 5, 2018.
  11. ^ Nordwest-Zeitung: Bundestag election: These members represent our region . In: NWZonline . ( nwzonline.de [accessed September 29, 2017]).
  12. ↑ a b Main statutes of the municipality of Zetel , accessed on August 5, 2018.
  13. ↑ Entry about the twin town Szczyrk on the homepage of the municipality Zetel.Retrieved on April 16, 2019, 19:55
  14. ^ Announcement for the Neuchâtel Culture Weeks 2010 ( Memento from September 4, 2010 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on December 1, 2009
  15. ^ Database entry of the Galerie Südliches Friesland , accessed on December 1, 2009
  16. ^ Kunst am Deich , accessed on March 12, 2012
  17. ↑ Depot gives a look behind the scenes , accessed on August 11, 2013
  18. ^ NWZ-Online regional edition Zetel , accessed on August 5, 2018.
  19. ↑ Friesländer messenger online ( Memento of 26 September 2014 Internet Archive ), accessed on 21 April 2012 found.
  20. ↑ HISTORY: Passenger train rattles in the station. In: NWZonline. Retrieved May 25, 2016 .
  21. ↑ Demonstration: Many anecdotes from old times. In: NWZonline. Retrieved May 25, 2016 .