Rötteln (noble family)
The Lords of Rötteln were a noble family living in the Basel area , which is documented between 1102/3 and 1316. The family, whose castle was near Lörrach , owned large estates in southern Breisgau and there especially in Wiesental , where a family member made Schopfheim a town. Around the middle of the 13th century the family was at the height of their power, the Röttler Walther and Lüthold I became bishops of Basel , Lüthold II was about to be provost and Elekt . With him, the male line died out in 1316 and was inherited by the Margraves of Hachberg-Sausenberg . The Röttler inheritance was an important step in the development of the later Markgräflerland .
history
The time of the lock picks
The lords of Rötteln are mentioned for the first time in 1102/3, when the Basel bishop Burkhard von Fenis made Mr. T. von Rötteln bailiff over the holdings of the St. Alban monastery on the right bank of the Rhine . The name T. is unanimously seen in the literature as "Dietrich" (Theodericum) . The areas covered by Dietrich von Rötteln included the churches of Lörrach, Hauingen and Kandern as well as properties in Rheinweiler and Amringen . In the following years, St. Alban's property on the right bank of the Rhine continued to grow, with a certain concentration in the area around Lörrach.
In the first half of the 12th century only family members with the name Dietrich appear. Since further characterizations are missing, a more precise naming or genealogy is difficult, a family tree attempted by Otto Konrad Roller distinguishes Dietrich I (mentioned up to 1123) from Dietrich II. (Mentioned between 1135 and 1147). From 1147 onwards, the family was completely silent for almost three decades, only in 1175 a Dietrich von Rötteln reappeared. One possible explanation is that Dietrich (II.), Mentioned before 1147 , died quite young, possibly on the Second Crusade . His widow probably married a gentleman from Tegerfelden . This also explains why Dietrich (III.), Mentioned from 1175 on, referred to the cleric Konrad von Tegerfelden as his brother. Conversely, one year later, Konrad also donated for the salvation of his "brother" Dietrich von Rötteln, among others. The connection with Tegerfelden also seems to have influenced the naming of the Röttler, because among the children of Dietrich III. the names of his presumed half-brother and stepfather can be found with Konrad and Lüthold. Dietrich III. no longer appears in the documents from 1187. In 1204 his half-brother Konrad von Tegerfelden donated a year for him and other relatives.
Dietrich III. probably died relatively young, and it is assumed that his half-brother Konrad von Tegerfelden , who at that time was already a canon of Constance , took care of Dietrich's children. With them, the four brothers Walter / Walther, Lüthold, Konrad and Dietrich (IV.), The family became more tangible and reached a peak in power and development.
The bishops Walther and Lüthold
The two presumably oldest sons of Dietrich III. embarked on a church career. Walther von Rötteln entered the Konstanz cathedral chapter as a canon in 1209 or before. Apparently promoted by his step-uncle Konrad von Tegerfelden, who had meanwhile risen to the position of Bishop of Constance , Walther became provost of the cathedral in 1211 against the resistance of a parliamentary group in the cathedral chapter. The losing faction turned to the Pope on the matter, but was defeated. In 1213 he was elected Bishop of Basel, and in the following years he appears in the documents surrounding King Frederick II . However, he was soon complained of wasting church property, and in 1215 he was deposed. Walther returned to the diocese of Constance. After his election as bishop, he had renounced the position of cathedral provost, so that he was now only a simple canon, but later became archpriest of Constance , archdeacon of Burgundy and Constance cathedral scholast.
In the meantime, Walther's brother Lüthold had also entered the Konstanz cathedral chapter , who has appeared in documents as canon since 1215. In the following years Walther and Lüthold often appear together as witnesses in documents of the diocese before Walther died in 1231 or 1232. Lüthold held the offices of Archdeacon of Breisgau and Archdeacon of Burgundy in Constance before he was elected Bishop of Basel in 1238. As such he is Lüthold II. In the dispute between Emperor Friedrich II. And the Pope, he showed himself to be very loyal to the Pope and therefore got into a conflict with the more imperial-minded bourgeoisie of the city: in 1247 he was expelled from Basel, the Bishop's Palace was stormed and destroyed. Lüthold resigned as bishop in 1248 and died in 1249.
The worldly lords of Rötteln
The two remaining brothers, Konrad and Dietrich IV. Initially managed the Röttler property jointly, only later it seems to have been divided: Konrad kept the Rötteln castle, Dietrich moved to the Rotenburg near Wieslet and established the Rotenberg branch. However, some properties continued to be administered jointly, such as feudal lordship over the vassals. The name of the Rotenburg and the branch line named after it was probably chosen due to the tonal similarity to the name and castle of the main line. Dietrich IV died before 1248. Konrad, who was married to a daughter of Count Ulrich von Neuenburg , apparently took over the guardianship of Dietrich's children Dietrich (V), Konrad and Walter. In Konrad's time, Schopfheim was raised to the rank of town and a Tiefenburg was built there; Since Konrad was also buried in the Schopfheim parish church of St. Michael , he is regarded as the founder of the city of Schopfheim. Konrad von Rötteln had three sons: Walter (II.), Otto and Lüthold. Lüthold embarked on a spiritual career (see more on this below), Walter and Otto managed the property together. However, Walter apparently died relatively early and without an heir. Afterwards Otto took care of the administration of the Röttler rule and also appeared in several feuds. In the disputes between the Basler Knight Associations Psitticher and Sterner , the gentlemen of Rötteln are located on the side of the Psitticher. After the reconciliation between the two parties, Otto also seems to have grown closer to the Habsburgs and received, among other things, the offices of Burgrave of Rheinfelden and Imperial Bailiff of Basel from King Albrecht .
There was obviously a deterioration in the relationship between the Röttler and the Rotenbergers: when the childless Dietrich V. von Rotenberg settled his inheritance in 1278, he handed over his property to the St. Blasien monastery with the condition that a community of heirs of five families be enfeoffed with it - his Röttler cousins were not enfeoffed. Two months before this will, Dietrich had already agreed with the Basel cathedral chapter that the fiefs that he had from the bishopric should revert to it if he died without a male heir. In 1279, the Colmar annals mention a feud between the Basel bishop and Otto von Rötteln. According to Otto Roller, the Rotenberg inheritance withheld from the Röttlers was the subject of this feud, in which Otto was victorious in the end. In any case, the main line seems to have come back into the possession of the Rotenberg legacy, albeit possibly via detours.
At the end of the 13th century there are signs that the Röttler's financial situation was no longer so good; In 1289 Otto von Rötteln sold goods near Schwand to the St. Blasien monastery to settle a debt , and in the following years he and his son Walter also waived further income and sold other goods. Possibly the family's entitlement to high ecclesiastical offices was a reason for the financial problems: This required an appropriate, expensive lifestyle with appropriate marriages in which the daughters had to be given property accordingly. Together with the division of the property between Röttler and Rotenberger in the middle of the 13th century, this possibly led to a deterioration in financial resources. It is striking that Otto's debts became acute in 1289, about a year after his brother Lüthold became the cathedral provost of Basel (see below for him).
Otto von Rötteln worked as Burgrave of Rheinfelden in 1302 and probably died around 1305. His family is listed in the sales deed of 1289 and, in addition to his wife Richenza, included their son Walter and their two daughters Agnes and Benedicta, one of whom was Margrave Rudolf von Hachberg- Sausenberg was married.
Lüthold II of Rötteln
Otto's brother Lüthold II von Rötteln had in the meantime, like Walther and Lüthold I before, embarked on a career in the church. He became canon of Basel and is also named pastor of eleven churches in the Rötteln rule in 1275. In 1289 he was elected bishop of Basel in double elections in 1296. He and his opponent Berthold von Rüti appealed to the Pope, who asked them both to renounce and instead made Peter von Aspelt bishop. In 1309, after Otto von Grandson's death , Lüthold, who was already 82 years old, was re-elected bishop, but this time too the Pope chose another candidate, Gerhard von Wippingen . The cathedral chapter backed Lüthold, however, and the Basel bishops' dispute lasted for several years , at the end of which Lüthold and his supporters in the cathedral chapter had to give in. At the same time, Lüthold also had the task of regulating the Röttler succession. Otto's son Walter (III.) Had died on September 25, 1310 or 1311, and with him the last secular lord of Rötteln. Lüthold therefore initially took over the administration of the Rötteln estate, albeit with his niece's husband, Margrave Rudolf von Sausenberg , as the new co-lord. When the Röttler property was transferred to these closest relatives, some difficulties had to be overcome: in 1311 disputes related to the Rotenberg inheritance arose again, which were resolved by an arbitration award and the payment of a total of 600 silver marks to two of the Rotenberg heirs. 1313 died on top of that Rudolf von Sausenberg and left three underage sons, so that Lüthold was once again the sole ruler of Rötteln. In December 1315 he made a will in which he bequeathed all of his property to his great-nephew, Rudolf's son Heinrich , and on May 19, 1316 he died as the last male member of the Lords of Rötteln. For the Sausenberg margraves, whose property went back to an inheritance from the margraves of Baden-Hachberg in 1306, the Röttler legacy meant a significant increase in power that probably tripled their domain. In the long term, the union of Rötteln and Sausenberg formed the first step in the creation of what would later become the Markgräflerland.
The Lords of Rötteln in the local power structure
The Lords of Rötteln were among the most important noble families in Breisgau in the High Middle Ages. During their time there was also a pronounced competitive situation between the Zähringers and the diocese of Basel, which also had an impact on the local nobility and led to the formation of groups. With regard to the Lords of Rötteln, Otto Roller noted that they were very close to the Zähringers and characterized the Röttlers as "high church". However, this picture is partly put into perspective by more modern research: Röttler gentlemen appear only rarely and relatively late as witnesses in Zähringer documents, and some of these witness services can possibly be explained by self-interest. In comparison, the connection to the Basel diocese seems to have been closer. If so, then the Röttler in the 12th century can only be assigned to the "wider scope of the Zähringer family". Even in later disputes such as the one between Friedrich II and Pope Innocent IV or the conflicts between the Basel knights' unions Psitticher and Sterner , the Röttler did not provide a uniform picture: While Walter, as the Bishop of Basel, appears closely at Friedrich II's side, his brother Lüthold appears Later, as Bishop of Basel, to have remained loyal to the Pope and came into conflict with the Basel bourgeoisie and also with his brothers. Later, too, there seems to have been similar conflicts between the Röttlers and Rotenbergers: While the Röttler main line is counted among the Psittichers, Dietrich V. von Rotenberg appeared several times around the Sterner and elected several relatives of Peter and Matthias Reich and Wernher von Eptingen Sterner families as heirs. A closed policy for the entire family cannot therefore be identified.
The regional importance of the Edelfrei von Rötteln is also underlined by the fact that three family members once occupied the Basel bishopric. Two of them (Lüthold I and Lüthold II) are also buried in the Basel Minster and also a secular family member (Walter III).
origin
There are various theories about the exact origin of the Lords of Rötteln. It was certainly named after the hamlet of Rötteln, whose parish church was mentioned in a document as early as 751, long before the noble family. The name Rötteln is an abbreviation of Raudinleim and refers to red clay. The monastery of St. Gallen appeared as the first landowner in the vicinity of Rötteln. However, where and how exactly the Röttler noble family came into their position of power in the Rhine knee is controversial. On the one hand, it is believed that the Röttler originally came from Central Swabia with the Zähringers in southern Breisgau and descended from a wealthy family near Weilheim an der Teck . On the other hand, it could also have been a local Meier family who rose to knighthood. However, the Röttler gentlemen are consistently referred to in the sources as "gentlemen" (domini) or "nobles" (nobiles viri) .
The key name Dietrich could also indicate a relationship with the Counts of Bürgeln (see Nellenburg ) and thus an origin from Thurgau . Another possibility is that the Lords of Rötteln of the uradeligen Hess Onen descended, especially the so-called research Dietrich-Hesso- or Hesso-Lampert clan , went back to the other close to noble families, the Üsenberger , Nimburger , Waldecker and Eichstetten .
coat of arms
The coat of arms of the Lords of Rötteln showed in gold a red lion growing out of a cloud mist in silver-blue.
The symbol of the lion is interpreted as follows in the literature, for example: “The lion was ... a real symbol of ancient knighthood: strong, manly, generous, grim. It was a very popular and at the same time very sophisticated coat of arms. The Wilkina saga (around 1300) tells that according to old custom no one was allowed to lead a lion in his shield who ever intended to flee. " Feh " used to be a stocking with the fur of the gray squirrel, once a popular fur supplier . “The lack of the Röttler coat of arms is sometimes interpreted as a wavy line in modern usage (see below). It is unclear whether the red lion indicates a closer relationship with the von Kaltenbach family .
The Röttler coat of arms was initially created by the Margraves of Hachberg-Sausenberg and later by the Margraves of Baden and the Margraves of Baden-Durlach (both successively heirs to the Rötteln rule) but also by the Margraves of Baden-Baden in a field of their coat of arms continued. In the seals of the Electorate of Baden and the Grand Duchy of Baden , the Röttler coat of arms can still be found in a field of the coat of arms shield, whereby the cloud feh was transformed into pure wavy lines, just as Feh became a purely ornamental coat of arms element in the course of time.
The coat of arms and parts of it have survived in local and district coats of arms. The entire coat of arms can be found, for example, in the coat of arms of the Lörrach district of Haagen , on whose boundary Rötteln Castle is located. At Wieslet , a small coat of arms in the actual coat of arms refers to the Röttel sideline of the Rotenbergers. The Röttler red lion is even more widespread than the entire coat of arms: As a reminder of the Röttler rule, it can still be found in the coats of arms of the district of Lörrach (single-tailed and (heraldically) turned to the left) and of the communities of Rümmingen and Efringen-Kirchen ( single-tailed, turned to the left and in inverted colors).
District of Loerrach
Efringen-Kirchen parish
Rümmingen municipality
Loerrach district of Haagen
Wieslet, part of the municipality of Kleines Wiesental
possession
The property of the Röttler gentlemen was in southern Breisgau and there mainly around Lörrach and in the valleys of the Großer and Kleiner Wiese . According to Thomas Simon, the Rötteln reign formed a "conglomerate of numerous bailiffs and manors" and was probably also endowed with high judicial rights. The Lords of Rötteln therefore had the bailiwick of the monasteries of St. Alban and St. Blasien and were also castvögte of the Weitenau monastery . The vogtete property was in particular in Steinen , Fahrnau , Lörrach and around Weitenau . The Röttler (or later the Rotenbergers) had another bailiwick through the women's priory in Istein , in whose foundation and endowment they played a key role. Schopfheim was a Habsburg after fief , another possible feudal lord of the Röttler was the diocese of Basel, to which, for example, the Röttler property in Haltingen could go back. Further property existed in the Kleiner Wiesental around Tegernau , where property and bailiwick were linked, which may have been inherited from the Lords of Waldeck , who died out in the mid-12th century . From these, the Röttlers probably inherited sovereignty rights in Gresgen and the properties around Tegernau with several hamlets and villages, Dinghof and church bailiwick Tegernau, perhaps also the castles Neu- and Altwaldeck with accessories as Basel fiefs. In the Kleiner Wiesental, later on, the Rotenbergers in particular were apparently wealthy; when settling his inheritance matters, Dietrich V. named numerous goods in the Mittleren and Kleiner Wiesental as well as the church set in Fahrnau in 1278 . The Röttlers apparently had further patronage rights in Kleinkems , Blansingen , Wollbach , Binzen , Ötlingen , Lörrach, Rötteln, Hauingen, Steinen and Herten , because there the future Provost of the Cathedral of Basel Lüthold was mentioned as lord of the church as early as 1275. Overall, the Röttler property mostly comprised the southern and eastern part of the late medieval landgraviate in Sausenhart . Landskron Castle near Leymen was given to the Münch von Landskron as a fief .
Rötteln Castle
Rötteln Castle was first mentioned in 1259, more than 150 years after the first Röttler gentleman was mentioned. In the relevant document, the castle and the town of Schopfheim are referred to as fiefdoms that the Murbach Monastery had given to the Counts of Habsburg-Laufenburg . The feudal relationship between the Röttler and the Habsburgs apparently continued and was only replaced in the 18th century by the Margraves of Baden-Durlach as heirs to the Röttler heirs. The exact time of construction of the castle is unclear, but must have been made well before the first documentary mention in 1259. The north tower ("Green Tower") of the older main castle is dated to the middle of the 12th to the beginning of the 13th century, parts of the palace indicate a construction around 1200, but in the early 14th century at the latest it appears to be a reconstruction and an extension to have given. For the outer bailey adjoining the upper castle, it was long assumed that it was only laid out in the 14th century; therefore it was not the Lords of Rötteln who were considered to be the builders, but the Margraves of Hachberg-Sausenberg, who had moved their seat from Sausenburg to Rötteln after the Röttler inheritance fell . In recent excavations, however, rubble was found, which indicates that at least parts of the outer bailey were built in the early or mid-13th century, possibly at the same time as the north tower. Either Bishop Lüthold or Konrad von Rötteln would then be considered as builders, and the expansion would fit the period of greatest power development of the Röttler lords.
Aerial view of Rötteln Castle today; in the middle of the picture the south tower with the gate to the upper castle, on the right the north tower, on the left the lower castle
Other families of rubella
Rubella (Rotwasserstelz)
"After the castle Rotwasserstelz in Klettgau (municipality Hohentengen , Amt Waldshut ), which was also called Rötteln, a ministerial or knight-born family called itself ..." The known persons of this sex were u. a. Ministerials and feudal men of the Lords of Krenkingen , Lords of Klingen and Lords of Regensberg . A nobleman, Hans von Rötteln, appears in 1362 as the feudal man of Johann II von Habsburg-Laufenburg . From a partially preserved seal of Hermann von Rötteln and a reference in the literature, it was concluded that these Röttlers carried a coat of arms similar to that of the noble free von Rötteln. However, there is no evidence of a connection between the two families.
The Marquis de Rothelin
After the Hachberg-Sausenberg family died out in the male line in 1503, the name von Rötteln came back to life in France. The only daughter of Margrave Philipp , the last Margrave of Hachberg-Sausenberg, was married to Louis I. d'Orléans, premier duc de Longueville . This daughter, Johanna or Jeanne de Hochberg , raised hereditary claims to the Rötteln rule and her husband also called himself Marquis de Rothelin .
Johanna's son, François , upheld the claims and her illegitimate grandson became known as " Bâtard de Rothelin " (bastard of rubella). This grandson - also known as François - took over the title of Marquis de Rothelin from his father and founded the Orléans-Rothelin branch .
Although the inheritance dispute was settled in 1581, the name Orléans-Rothelin did not expire until 1818. The most famous member of the family was the scholar Charles d'Orléans de Rothelin , known as " l ' Abbé de Rothelin ".
literature
Nonfiction books and magazine articles
- Ralf Wagner et al. (Editor), State Palaces and Gardens of Baden-Württemberg (Editor): Burg Rötteln: Rule between Basel and France . JS Klotz publishing house. Newcomers 2020, ISBN 978-3-948424-60-2
- Johann Wilhelm Braun (edit.): Document book of the monastery Sankt Blasien in the Black Forest. From the beginning to the year 1299. Part I: Edition; Part II: Introduction, directories, registers, Stuttgart 2003, ISBN 3-17-017985-3 (= publications of the Commission for Historical Regional Studies in Baden-Württemberg: Series A, Sources; Volume 23).
- Florian Lamke: Cluniacensians on the Upper Rhine. Conflict resolution and noble group formation during the investiture dispute , Freiburg / Munich 2010.
- Otto Konrad Roller : The history of the noble lords of Rötteln. (= Sheets from the Margraviate of Schopfheim, born in 1927). Schopfheim 1927, pp. 1–154 (digital copy from Freiburg University Library )
- Fritz Schülin : Rötteln-Haagen, contributions to local, landscape and settlement history , Lörrach 1965; Pp. 47-65.
- Karl Seith : The castle Rötteln in the change of its master families, a contribution to the history and building history of the castle. In: Das Markgräflerland , 3rd year, issue 1, 1931, pp. 1–29 digitized
- Gerhard Moehring : Rötteln - historical dates and memories about the church and its builder 750–1550. In: Das Markgräflerland, Volume 1/2001, pp. 15–52. Digitized version of the Freiburg University Library
- Johann Christian Sachs : Introduction to the history of the Marggravschaft and the Marggravial old princely house of Baden . First part. Lotter, Carlsruhe 1764, p. 589–606 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
- Julius Kindler von Knobloch : Upper Baden gender book, Heidelberg 1919, Volume 3, p. 656/657 online .
- Christian Wurstisen : Baßler Chronick , First Volume, Emanuel Thurneysen 1765, pp. 62/63 online in the Google book search .
- Hansmartin Schwarzmaier : Lörrach in the Middle Ages in: Otto Wittmann , Berthold Hänelet, City of Lörrach (ed.): Lörrach: Landscape - History - Culture . Issued in memory of the privilege granted 300 years ago on November 18, 1682. City of Lörrach, Lörrach 1983, ISBN 3-9800841-0-8 , pp. 77–209.
- Sven Schomann: Hagen (Lörrach, LÖ): Burg Rötteln in: Alfons Zettler and Thomas Zotz (eds.): The castles in the Middle Ages Breisgau II - southern part , half volume A – K, Ostfildern 2009.
- Thomas Simon : manorial rule and bailiwick. A structural analysis of late medieval and early modern rule formation. Dissertation, University of Freiburg i. Br. Klostermann, Frankfurt am Main 1995, ISBN 3-465-02698-5 .
Historical novels
- Käthe Papke : The last of Rötteln - historical story , Christliches Verlagshaus GmbH, Stuttgart 1957.
- Käthe Papke: The iron margrave of Sausenberg-Rötteln - historical story, Evangelical book community, Stuttgart.
Web links
- Franziska Hälg-Steffen: Rötteln, from. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
Remarks
- ↑ In the literature (see, for example, Johann Wilhelm Schmidt: Die Badische Margraviate: 1 [1] ) as well as on websites (see, for example, www.breisgau-burgen.de ) there is always a reference that one of the Herren von Rötteln already took part in the supposedly first knight tournament in Magdeburg in 938. This goes to the tournament book of Georg Rüxner back here link to the issue in 1566; "Ruprecht Grave to Rettel" . Although Aegidius Tschudi already described the tournament book as a forgery in 1541, the content was taken over into the last edition of Cosmographia (Sebastian Münster) from 1628 (see [2] p. 1204). With reference to this, this misinformation was also mentioned with reservation by Johann Christian Sachs [3] . At Friedrich Holdermann: From the story of Roetteln. To commemorate the jubilee of the 500th anniversary and the reconstruction of the church , Gutsch, Lörrach 1903, p. 7, without a source, a "Walther von Rötteln" is spoken of, who took part in a tournament in Magdeburg in 938. For example, “Ruprecht Grave zu Rettel” became “Walther von Rötteln” in the flyers on the Rötteln castle ruins that were occasionally issued by the Röttelnbund. In any case, the sex of those from rubella before 1102 cannot be established.
- ↑ Schwarzmaier, Lörrach , p. 118; Roller, History of the Noble Lords of Rötteln , Regest No. 4, for the text see also Joseph Trouillat , Monuments de l 'Histoire de l'ancien évêché de Bale , Volume 1, Porrentruy, 1852, Certificate No. 146, p. 214– 218, especially p. 217 online in the Google book search; Latin.
- ↑ Schwarzmaier, Lörrach im Mittelalter , p. 118.
- ↑ Schomann, Hagen (Lörrach, LÖ): Burg Rötteln , p. 235.
- ↑ see the family tree developed by Roller in the appendix to the history of the noble lords of Rötteln
- ^ Roller, History of the Noble Lords of Rötteln , p. 9f.
- ↑ Schwarzmaier, Lörrach im Mittelalter , p. 123, Roller, Geschichte der Edelherren von Rötteln , Regest No. 16.
- ^ Roller, History of the Noble Lords of Rötteln , p. 10.
- ^ Roller, History of the noble lords of Rötteln , p. 10; for the time of year see Roller, Regesten, no. 16; As for Dietrich II, Roller also considers a death on the crusade for this Röttler. Lamke, Cluniacenser am Oberrhein , p. 349 sees the crusade hypothesis for the two lock picks rather skeptically.
- ^ Roller, History of the Noble Lords of Rötteln , p. 10
- ↑ Schwarzmaier, Lörrach im Mittelalter , p. 123
- ^ Roller, History of the Noble Lords of Rötteln , p. 12
- ↑ Schwarzmaier, Lörrach im Mittelalter , p. 123. The documents in which Walther appears in the vicinity of Friedrich II can be found in the Regesta imperii , Volume V: No. 711 , No. 717 , No. 718 , No. 724 , No. 725 , No. 754 , No. 755 , No. 758 , No. 759 , No. 760 , No. 761 , No. 762 , No. 765 , No. 766 , No. 789 and No. 793
- ^ Roller, History of the noble lords of Rötteln , p. 14f.
- ^ Roller, History of the noble lords of Rötteln , p. 14f. and Regesta Nos. 48, 52, 53, 55-58, 61f., 68, 70, 72-75, 77, 78, 80-82
- ^ Roller, History of the Noble Lords of Rötteln , p. 15
- ^ Roller, History of the noble lords of Rötteln , p. 17f., Schwarzmaier, Lörrach im Mittelalter , p. 124
- ^ Roller, History of the Noble Lords of Rötteln , p. 22
- ^ Roller, History of the Noble Lords of Rötteln , p. 23
- ^ Christian Adolf Müller: Aristocratic and castle names in the Basel area , Alemannisches Jahrbuch , 1961, p. 53.
- ↑ Schwarzmaier, Lörrach im Mittelalter , p. 125.
- ↑ Roller, Geschichte der Edelherren von Rötteln , p. 23, for the names of the children see Schwarzmaier, Lörrach im Mittelalter , p. 125; Roller only mentions Dietrich and Konrad as children
- ↑ Schwarzmaier, Lörrach im Mittelalter , p. 147.
- ↑ Schwarzmaier, Lörrach in the Middle Ages , p. 143.
- ^ The Chronicle of Mathias von Neuchâtel (= The Historians of the German Prehistoric Times. Vol. 84). Translated by Georg Grandaur. With an introduction by Ludwig Weiland. 3. Edition. Dyk, Leipzig 1912., p. 11.
- ↑ Schwarzmaier, Lörrach im Mittelalter , p. 143, Roller, Geschichte der Edelherren von Rötteln , p. 30.
- ^ Roller, History of the Noble Lords of Rötteln , p. 29; Certificate book St. Blasien, certificate no.531.
- ^ Roller, History of the Noble Lords of Rötteln , Regest No. 226
- ^ Roller, History of the Noble Lords of Rötteln , p. 29 and Regest No. 229
- ↑ Schwarzmaier, Lörrach in the Middle Ages , p. 143
- ↑ Schwarzmaier, Lörrach im Mittelalter , pp. 143ff.
- ↑ Joseph Eutych Kopp : Trains from the fates of a small imperial city. In: History sheets from Switzerland; Volume 2, 1855/56, pp. 1–50, here supplement 1, pp. 34–35 digitized version of the Bayerische Staatsbibliothek
- ^ Roller, History of the Noble Lords of Rötteln , p. 31
- ↑ Schwarzmaier, Lörrach im Mittelalter , p. 152
- ^ Roller, History of the Noble Lords of Rötteln , p. 38
- ↑ Schwarzmaier, Lörrach im Mittelalter , p. 146; Otto Roller: The Basel bishops' dispute of the years 1309–1311. In: Basler Zeitschrift für Geschichte und Altertumskunde , Volume 13 (1914), pp. 276–362 doi: 10.5169 / seals-112581
- ↑ Schwarzmaier, Lörrach im Mittelalter , p. 145
- ^ Roller, History of the Noble Lords of Rötteln , p. 31
- ^ Roller, History of the Noble Lords of Rötteln , p. 45
- ↑ Schwarzmaier, Lörrach im Mittelalter , p. 146; Roller, History of the Noble Lords of Rötteln , Regesten No. 373 and 384
- ^ Roller, History of the Noble Lords of Rötteln , p. 46; Schwarzmaier, Lörrach in the Middle Ages , p. 147
- ↑ Schwarzmaier, Lörrach im Mittelalter , p. 145
- ↑ Simon, Grundherrschaft und Vogtei , p. 114
- ↑ Lamke, Cluniancenser am Oberrhein , p. 345
- ↑ See in detail Heinz Krieg and Thomas Zotz: The Adel im Breisgau and the Zähringer. Group formation and scope for action , Zeitschrift für die Geschichte des Oberrheins 150 (2002), pp. 73–90
- ^ Roller, History of the Noble Lords of Rötteln , p. 15
- ↑ Lamke, Cluniazenser am Oberrhein , pp. 352f.
- ↑ Lamke, Cluniazenser am Oberrhein , p. 448
- ↑ Schwarzmaier, Lörrach im Mittelalter , p. 124
- ^ The Chronicle of Mathias von Neuchâtel (= The Historians of the German Prehistory. Vol. 84). Translated by Georg Grandaur. With an introduction by Ludwig Weiland. 3. Edition. Dyk, Leipzig 1912., p. 11
- ↑ see e.g. B. Roller, Geschichte der Edelherren von Rötteln , p. 29 and Regesten No. 215 and 216. For Dietrich's inheritance contract, see St. Blasien document book, No. 531
- ↑ Schwarzmaier, Lörrach im Mittelalter , p. 124
- ↑ Moehring, Rötteln - historical data and memories of the church and its builder 750–1550 , p. 15ff., Schomann, Hagen (Lörrach, LÖ): Burg Rötteln , p. 234
- ^ Roller, History of the Noble Lords of Rötteln , p. 8
- ^ Moehring, Rötteln - historical dates and memories of the church and its builder 750–1550 , p. 25
- ↑ Schomann, Hagen (Lörrach, LÖ): Burg Rötteln , p. 235
- ^ Landesarchivdirektion Baden-Württemberg, Landkreis Lörrach (ed.): Der Landkreis Lörrach, Volume I (Aitern to Inzlingen), Jan Thorbecke Verlag Sigmaringen 1993, p. 134f.
- ↑ Schwarzmaier, Lörrach im Mittelalter , pp. 119f .; Thomas Steffens: Eichstetten and his gentlemen before 1200 in: Thomas Steffens (Hrsg.): Eichstetten. The story of a village. Volume 1: From the Neolithic to around 1800. Eichstetten 1996, pp. 96-100; Stephan E. Maurer: The Lords of Waldeck . In: Das Markgräflerland, Volume 2013, pp. 121–138, here pp. 131f.
- ↑ Gustav A. Seyler: History of Heraldry , Neustadt an der Aisch 1970, p. 150
- ↑ the Siberian squirrel known in the fur trade as "Feh" "Sciurus vulgaris exalbidus" (synonyms: S. v. Argenteus, S. v. Kalbinensis) Entry on www.zoodirektoren.de; accessed on November 12, 2017
- ↑ s. Heraldry website art and culture of coats of arms
- ↑ See e.g. B. the website of the city of Lörrach ( memento of the original from July 15, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. and his description of the coat of arms of Lörrach-Haagen as well as Landesarchivdirektion Baden-Württemberg, Landkreis Lörrach (ed.): Der Landkreis Lörrach, Volume II (Kandern to Zell im Wiesental), Jan Thorbecke Verlag Sigmaringen 1994, p. 854, for the coat of arms of Wieslet
- ↑ property adjacent to the Rötteln rule; Coat of arms: red lion crowned in silver gold; also coat of arms of the Landgraviate of Sausenburg
- ^ Franz Zell: History and description of the Baden coat of arms from its creation to its current form , Karlsruhe 1858, p. 29/30 and panel VIII in the Google book search
- ↑ s. Franz Zell: History and description of the Baden coat of arms , Karlsruhe 1858
- ↑ s. Franz Zell: History and description of the Baden coat of arms , Karlsruhe 1858; Figures 50 and 51
- ^ Landesarchivdirektion Baden-Württemberg, Landkreis Lörrach (ed.): Der Landkreis Lörrach, Volume II (Kandern to Zell im Wiesental), Jan Thorbecke Verlag Sigmaringen 1994, p. 854
- ^ Landesarchivdirektion Baden-Württemberg, Landkreis Lörrach (ed.): Der Landkreis Lörrach, Volume I (Aitern to Inzlingen), Jan Thorbecke Verlag Sigmaringen 1993, p. 3
- ^ Landesarchivdirektion Baden-Württemberg, Landkreis Lörrach (ed.): Der Landkreis Lörrach, Volume II (Kandern to Zell im Wiesental), Jan Thorbecke Verlag Sigmaringen 1994, p. 339
- ^ Landesarchivdirektion Baden-Württemberg, Landkreis Lörrach (ed.): Der Landkreis Lörrach, Volume I (Aitern to Inzlingen), Jan Thorbecke Verlag Sigmaringen 1993, p. 640
- ↑ Simon, Grundherrschaft und Vogtei , pp. 105-109
- ↑ Lamke, Cluniacenser am Oberrhein , pp. 347-350
- ↑ Simon, Grundherrschaft und Vogtei , p. 106f. For the exact scope of the possible inheritance, see Klaus Schubring : The final development of the Kleiner Wiesental . In: Das Markgräflerland, Volume 2015, pp. 58f. For the connection between Röttler and the late Waldeckern, see ibid., P. 50ff. and Stephan E. Maurer The Lords of Waldeck . In: Das Markgräflerland, Volume 2013, pp. 121–138, here pp. 131–135
- ^ Document book St. Blasien, No. 531
- ↑ Schwarzmaier, Lörrach im Mittelalter , p. 152
- ↑ Simon, Grundherrschaft und Vogtei , p. 107
- ↑ Schomann, Hagen (Lörrach, LÖ): Burg Rötteln , p. 237
- ↑ Schomann, Hagen (Lörrach, LÖ): Burg Rötteln , pp. 221–229
- ↑ Schomann, Hagen (Lörrach, LÖ): Burg Rötteln , p. 233
- ^ Badische Zeitung, April 5, 2012: Archaeologists: Rötteln Castle is older than expected ; Stefan King and Heiko Wagner: Lörrach, Rötteln castle ruins: curtain wall of the outer bailey, south-eastern section. Observations during the demolition , January 2012, available online at regiotrends.de (PDF; 738 kB), accessed on October 13, 2012
- ↑ Roller p. 153
- ^ Trudpert Neugart: Episcopatus Constantiensis Alemannicus , Volume 2, p. 322
- ↑ s. Roller p. 154
- ↑ see Philippe Henry: Johanna von Hochberg. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
