Salar

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Salar at the Nouruz festival

The Salar , in German Salaren ( Chinese  撒拉族 , Pinyin Sālāzú ), are a Turkic people and one of the 56 officially recognized nationalities of the People's Republic of China . The Salar are considered descendants of the Oghuz tribe of Salur and are mostly Sunni Muslims. According to the last census in 2010, they counted 130,633 people. They live mainly in Qinghai (there in Xunhua Autonomous County the Salar and in the Hualong Autonomous County the Hui ), in Gansu (in the Jishishan Autonomous County the Bonan , Dongxiang and Salar) and in the Kazakh Autonomous District Ili in Xinjiang .

language

The Salar speak the Salar language, one of the forty or so Turkic languages . Salarian is divided into two dialects , one in Qinghai and one in Ili. Their differences are primarily based on contact with different neighboring languages ​​- Chinese and Tibetan on the one hand, Uighur and Kazakh on the other. The language is considered endangered; already now only about thirty percent of the Salar speak their original language.

Distribution of the salar at provincial level according to the data of the 2010 census (reference date November 1, 2010)

area number proportion of
People's Republic of China 130,633 100.00%
Qinghai 107.089 081.98%
Gansu 013,517 010.35%
Xinjiang 003,728 002.85%
Shanghai 000 941 000.72%
Guangdong 000 823 000.63%
Beijing 000 644 000.49%
Shandong 000 609 000.47%
Zhejiang 000 424 000.32%
Jiangsu 000 353 000.27%
Henan 000 279 000.21%
Yunnan 000 265 000.20%
Tibet 000 255 000.20%
Sichuan 000 223 000.17%
Shaanxi 000 156 000.12%
Hubei 000 135 000.10%
Hebei 000 131 000.10%
Guangxi 000 128 000.098%
Tianjin 000 122 000.093%
Guizhou 0000 99 000.076%
Liaoning 0000 88 000.067%
Fujian 0000 80 000.061%
Hunan 0000 79 000.060%
Anhui 0000 78 000.060%
Ningxia 0000 72 000.055%
Chongqing 0000 71 000.054%
Inner Mongolia 0000 53 000.041%
Jilin 0000 50 000.038%
Jiangxi 0000 44 000.034%
Shanxi 0000 43 000.033%
VBA 0000 26th 000.020%
Hainan 0000 21st 000.016%
Heilongjiang 00000 7th 000.005%

See also

Web links

literature

  • Dwyer, Arienne , Salar, A Study in Inner Asian Language Contact Processes, Part I: Phonology, Wiesbaden 2007, ISBN 978-3-447-04091-4
  • Lin, Lianyun林莲云: Han Sala, Sala Han cihui汉撒拉 、 撒拉 汉 词汇 (Chinese-Salar, Salar-Chinese vocabulary). 四川 民族 出版社Sichuan minzu chubanshe (Sichuan Nationalities Publishing House ). 成都 Chengdu 1992.
  • Salazu de wenhua xingtai撒拉族 的 文化 形态 (The cultural formation of the Salar). In: Hao, Sumin 郝苏民 u. Wenhua 文化 u. He, Weiguang 贺卫光 [ed.], 甘 青 特有 民族文化 形态 研究Gan Qing teyou minzu wenhua xingtai yanjiu (research on the cultural formation of the nationalities that only live in Gansu and Qinghai). 民族 出版社Minzu chubanshe (nationality publisher). 北京 Beijing 1999/2000. ISBN 7105034203 . Pp. 103-179.
  • Tenišev, ER : Stroj salarskogo âzyka. Moscow, Nauka 1976.