Stapen

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Stapen
Community Beetzendorf
Coordinates: 52 ° 43 ′ 27 ″  N , 11 ° 8 ′ 49 ″  E
Height : 33 m
Area : 5.63 km²
Residents : 55  (Dec. 31, 2018)
Population density : 10 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : July 1, 1950
Incorporated into: Hohentramm
Postal code : 38489
Area code : 039000
Stapen (Saxony-Anhalt)
Stapen

Location of Stapen in Saxony-Anhalt

Stapen is a district of the municipality of Beetzendorf in the Altmarkkreis Salzwedel in Saxony-Anhalt .

geography

The Altmark Stapen is 4 kilometers northeast of Beetzendorf and 16 kilometers south of the district town of Salzwedel .

The Landgraben rises north of Siedengrieben . Before the stream flows into the Purnitz , its course marks the field boundaries between Stapen on the one hand and Siedengrieben, Hohentramm and Klein Apenburg on the other. The 54.1 meter high Bornsberg rises in the northwest.

Neighboring places

Saalfeld Hagen (Apenburg-Winterfeld) Great Gischau
Käcklitz (Beetzendorf) Neighborhoods Little Apenburg
Greaves Hohentramm Apenburg-Winterfeld

history

Origin and development of the place name

The place name was probably rooted in the Germanic word “stap-”, going '. The old Saxon “stapan” was derived from this with the same meaning. According to another opinion, the name came from “stack” because wood used to be piled up at this place.

The earliest mentions come from 1333 ( Stadtbuch Salzwedel ), 1375 ( Landbuch der Mark Brandenburg ) and 1391 ( CDB , main part A, Volume V, document CXXXVII, p. 363). In all three font sources was Stapen . A document from 1411 used the place name Stopen . This name flowed into the local dialect . Later only spellings with a such as Stapen , Staapen or Stahpen were used.

From the Middle Ages to the modern age

On one early defunct elbslawische settlement the Wüstungskarte of 1679. They referred recorded 600 meters northeast of the current local situation the field names the village pieces and it abutted the sword gardens .

In 1333 a Mettekens de Stapen , living in Salzwedel, was mentioned. The village itself first appeared in the Landbuch der Mark Brandenburg from 1375:

"Stapen pertinet monasterio cum 7 1 ⁄ 2  frustis et 1 quartali. Non tenetur dare precariam. Hans Drůsdow, vasallus, has ibi 14 modios. Cune Brevis, civis, habet ibidem et Johannes Ghiseke, civis, 2 choros siliginis a dicto monasterio Dambeke. Dicti Hardwiges in Soltowedel 4 talenta minus 6 solidis denariorum levium cum 18 modiis et 1 libra piperis a monasterio Dambeke. "

- Johannes Schultze (ed.)
Stapen belongs to the monastery with 7 1 ⁄ 2  counting pieces and 1  quarter [rye]. No obligation Bede to give. Hans Drusdow, vassal , has 14  bushels [rye] there. Kune Brewitz, citizen [Salzwedel], and Johannes Giseke, citizen [in Salzwedel], have 2  Wispel rye from the Dambeck monastery there . The named Hartwig in Salzwedel [has] 4  pounds (currency) minus 6  shillings in light pennies with 18 bushels [rye] and 1  pound (weight measure) pepper from Dambeck Abbey.

In the Bailiwick of Salzwedel only a few jugs of pepper carried away. Their distribution indicated a trade road that ran south of Salzwedel in a west-east direction.

In 1413, the archmagdeburger roamed Stapen, robbing a man. On February 18, 1420, the von der Schulenburg zu Beetzendorf family bought the village with the upper and lower courts, services , patronage and all accessories. In 1466 Heinrich von der Schulenburg sold his eighth of the village complex, including u. a. from Stapen. The document listed the compulsory labor of the farm owners. Everyone had to work one day with their plow per plowing time, working a long piece of land or correspondingly smaller ones. During the harvest season, two residents in each yard had a full day to mow, rake and tie.

Around 1600 the Altmark, like the rest of the Brandenburg region, only had a patchy network of village schools . One of the few and earliest evidence of a sexton school came from Stapen. Hans Jacob from Groß Gischau took over the local Lehnschulzenhof in 1627 through the marriage of the school widow . He promised, "... to send the children from his first marriage, three boys and a girl, to school diligently, according to wealth and as is kept in the country."

In the 17th century there was a dispute with the neighboring municipality of Hagen over the common border dam . The Stapener pierced the hydraulic structure in several places so that the water that had accumulated on the field could flow northwards. The people of Hagen complained several times until the governor of the Altmark investigated the situation on site in 1621 . He listened to both sides and declared the piercing illegal because the dam was built together. The neighboring village should clear its border ditch. Two years later, the Faculty of Law in Helmstedt confirmed the decision. The dispute flared up again in 1630 and 1650.

The hoof measurements adopted from the Middle Ages differed from town to town and even within a field. The early modern taxation method was based on a uniform area measure, which led to injustices. Therefore, in 1686 a new survey took place across the Altmark. The cadastre showed that in the north-west (especially the northern Salzwedelischer Kreis and the southwestern Arendsee region ), smaller localities predominated in terms of the number of hooves. Stapen fell into the 11 to 20 hooves category. The assessment of small hoof land was relative, because it was bison hooves. 1 wispel of grain was sown on 1 hoof  . In addition to agriculture, the village lived from the sale of wood, because it was well equipped with trees.

In 1684, a conflict broke out within the community due to insufficient conservation areas. The full farmers sued the Kossäten "because they tended their cattle in Saatgehege and pasture for the service their (the farmers) horses wegnähmen at the mouth ..." In spite of a decision by the Regional Governor of 1657 insisted the Kossäten on their Hütungsrecht.

The cadastre of the Salzwedelischer Kreis from 1693 documented the change in the three-field economy in Stapen. In the case of fallow and stubble rye, the main type of grain, rye, was sown as before on the winter field, i.e. the rested fallow field. In addition, sowing was carried out on all or parts of the harvested field, i.e. the stubble field. This specific land use system was only loosely and almost exclusively applied in the West Altmark in the Schulenburg rule in Beetzendorf.

A major fire in September 1871 destroyed many farms . The decision of 1939 to build a new school due to the increasing lack of space was never carried out. In the same year Stapen was recorded statistically. In 22 agricultural and forestry holdings (1 with over 100  ha , 8 with 20–100 ha, 1 with 10–20 ha, 7 with 5–10 ha, 5 with 0.5–5 ha), 141 people worked, 8 in Industry and craft, 4 in trade and transport. The village had 41 households. During the Second World War , the population increased sharply due to many refugees.

After the war, as a result of the forced collectivization of agriculture in the GDR (LPG - Agricultural Production Cooperative ), practically all private farms were given up. In 1958 a fire broke out in the Kulturhaus. The old hall burned down almost completely. A new building was then built and operated very successfully until 1990.

Incorporations

The municipality of Stapen was incorporated into the municipality of Hohentramm on July 1, 1950 from the Salzwedel district . With the incorporation of Hohentramm to Beetzendorf, the district of Stapen came to Beetzendorf on January 1, 2009.

Population development

year Residents
1734 115
1775 138
1789 111
1798 131
1801 121
1818 130
year Residents
1840 211
1864 254
1871 269
1885 241
1895 233
1905 250
year Residents
1925 262
1939 223
1946 373
1964 281
1971 373
2008 071
year Residents
2015 59
2018 55

Swell:

Culture and sights

Buildings

Stapen was originally a dead end village . The town center was formerly shaped by a square lined with buildings ( Rundling ). The buildings were arranged so that the main house stood in the courtyard and was surrounded on two sides by farm buildings. This made the farmsteads shaped like a trapezoid . Today this arrangement can still be seen on the village square. Here you will find an old oak tree, a bus stop, a post box and the siren of the volunteer fire department . Furthermore, an old gatehouse is very well preserved. It belongs to the former court of the former Reichstag deputy Reinhard Schulze-Stapen .

Green spaces and recreation

The "Moorweide bei Stapen" is one kilometer northeast of Stapen. It is an FFH area.

Regular events

Like in other villages in the Altmark, the Stapener celebrated the so-called farmer beer. 1 to 2 tons of beer were served on high festive days, or in peaceful times outside of the informal  . The custom, cultivated long before and after the Thirty Years' War , provided an opportunity for neighborly sociability and exchange. In addition, a new Kruger could make his debut. At the beginning of 1673 the community met in Krug to Stapen. On the erroneous assumption that the Kruger had invited Joachim Schultze to the free beer, one refused the bill.

religion

In the Middle Ages, Stapen was in the Diocese of Verden , according to Peter P. Rohrlach in the Archdeaconate Salzwedel, after Joachim Stephan in the Archdeaconate Kuhfelde .

The Protestant church Stapen belonged to 1812 to the parish Stapen and then came as a combined Mother Church to the diaconate of the parish Beetzendorf. Today, the church belongs to the parish area Beetzendorf the church district Salzwedel in Propst Sprengel Stendal Magdeburg of the Evangelical Church in Central Germany .

The parish house fell victim to a fire in 1680. Until 1812 Stapen had an independent parish with a parish farm. The pastor from Stapen looked after the villages of Groß Gischau , Klein Gischau , Siedengrieben , Recklingen , Groß Apenburg and Klein Apenburg. The pastor had been in Beetzendorf since 1812 .

literature

  • J. A. F. Hermes, MJ Weigelt: Historical-geographical-statistical-topographical handbook from the administrative districts of Magdeburg. Second or topographical part. In: Historical-geographical-statistical-topographical handbook from the administrative districts of Magdeburg. W. Heinrichshofen, Magdeburg 1842, 4. Description of the individual districts. XII. of the Salzwedel district. 155. Stapen, p. 347 ( digitized versionhttp: //vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3D~GB%3DHB4_AAAAcAAJ%26pg%3DPA347~IA%3D~MDZ%3D%0A~SZ%3D~ double-sided%3D~LT%3D~PUR%3D ).
  • Wilhelm Zahn (author), Martin Ehlies (editor after legacies of the author): Local history of the Altmark. 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. Verlag Salzwedeler Wochenblatt, Salzwedel 1928, DNB 578458357 .
  • Johannes Schultze (Hrsg.): The land book of the Mark Brandenburg of 1375 (= Brandenburg land books . Volume 2; publications of the historical commission for the province of Brandenburg and the imperial capital Berlin . Volume VIII, 2). Commission publisher von Gsellius, Berlin 1940 (except for accompanying texts in Latin , digitized version in Potsdam University Library ).
  • Joachim Stephan: The Vogtei Salzwedel. Country and people from the development of the country to the time of turmoil . Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2003 (= Klaus Neitmann (Hrsg.): Sources, finding aids and inventories of the Brandenburg State Main Archives Volume 17). Peter Lang. European Science Publishing House, Frankfurt am Main 2006, ISBN 3-631-54808-7 .
  • Lieselott Enders : The Altmark. History of a Kurmark landscape in the early modern period (end of the 15th to the beginning of the 19th century) (= Klaus Neitmann (Hrsg.): Publications of the Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv . Volume 56). Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-8305-1504-3 .
  • Peter P. Rohrlach: Historical local dictionary for the Altmark. Volume 2: L-Z. In: Historical local dictionary for the Altmark. (= Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg . Part XII; Klaus Neitmann (Hrsg.): Publications of the Brandenburg State Main Archives . Volume 68; Publications of the State Archives Administration of the State of Saxony-Anhalt. Series A. Sources on the history of Saxony-Anhalt . Volume 23). 2 volumes, Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-8305-3743-4 , Stapen nnw Klötze, pp. 2112-2115.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Rainer Klinzmann: Findling. Official journal with information section. Volume 2 / Issue 10 . Administrative community Beetzendorf-Diesdorf, Beetzendorf October 2, 2008, Steinreich and all three. The municipality of Hohentramm has only existed since 1952. Old and new statistics for the municipality of Hohentramm, p. 3 ( full text [PDF; 1690 kB; accessed on December 4, 2018]).
  2. ↑ a b Verbandsgemeinde Beetzendorf-Diesdorf: residents of the districts on December 31 for 2015 and 2018 . June 6, 2019.
  3. ↑ a b Saxony-Anhalt viewer of the State Office for Surveying and Geoinformation ( notes )
  4. ↑ Top50 -CD Sachsen-Anhalt, 1.50000, State Office for Land Surveying and Geoinformation, Federal Office for Cartography and Geodesy 2003.
  5. ^ Joachim Stephan: The Vogtei Salzwedel . Peter Lang, Frankfurt am Main 2006, ISBN 3-631-54808-7 , The Vogtei Salzwedel: Land and people. Country and city. The country. Footnote 68, p. 18.
  6. ↑ Gerhard Köbler : stap- . In: Germanic dictionary . 5th edition. Innsbruck 2014 (accessed November 17, 2018).
  7. ^ Johann Friedrich Danneil : Dictionary of the Altmark-Low German dialect . J. D. Schmidt, Salzwedel 1859, Staff u. Stapp, p. 208 ( digitizedhttp: //vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3D~GB%3D~IA%3D~MDZ%3D%0A10583526_00224~SZ%3D~ double-sided%3D~LT%3D~PUR%3D in the Munich digitization center [accessed on November 17, 2018]).
  8. ^ Peter P. Rohrlach: Historical local dictionary for the Altmark. Volume 2: L-Z . Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-8305-3743-4 , Stapen. 4. First written mention, p. 2112.
  9. ^ Joachim Stephan: The Vogtei Salzwedel . Peter Lang, Frankfurt am Main 2006, ISBN 3-631-54808-7 , Appendix I: The oldest city book of the city of Salzwedel. Text. 11.1 Anno domini 1333, prima die iuridicia, que fuit secunda feria post epyphaniam domini. Line 800, p. 421.
  10. ↑ a b c Johannes Schultze (ed.): The land book of the Mark Brandenburg from 1375 . Commission publisher von Gsellius, Berlin 1940, Antiqua marchia. Equitatura terre Soltowedel foris Portam Buchornighe. Stapen, p. 404.
  11. ^ Adolph Friedrich Riedel : Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis. 1. main part. 5th volume. In: Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis . Collection of documents, chronicles and other sources for the history of the Mark Brandenburg and its rulers . 41 volumes, F. H. Morin, Berlin 1845, 3rd division. II. The family of the von der Schulenburg. Certificates. CXXXVII. Heinrich and Heinrich vd Schulenb. donate a soul mass in Betzendorf, on October 22nd. 1391, p. 363.
  12. ↑ a b Peter P. Rohrlach: Historical local dictionary for the Altmark. Volume 2: L-Z . Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-8305-3743-4 , Stapen. 3. Form of settlement, p. 2112.
  13. ^ A b c Peter P. Rohrlach: Historical local dictionary for the Altmark. Volume 2: L-Z . Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-8305-3743-4 , Stapen. 7. Economic and social structure, pp. 2113–2114.
  14. ↑ Evamaria Engel : Feudal citizens, farmers and feudal lords in the Altmark around 1375. In: Feudal structure, feudal bourgeoisie and long-distance trade in late medieval Brandenburg. Introduction by Eckhard Müller-Mertens (= Hansischer Geschichtsverein (Hrsg.): Treatises on trade and social history . Volume VII). Verlag Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1967, table appendix. Table VIII. Income in kind and money of Brandenburg bourgeois families from Altmark villages. IV. Salzwedel, pp. 213-215.
  15. ^ Joachim Stephan: The Vogtei Salzwedel . Peter Lang, Frankfurt am Main 2006, ISBN 3-631-54808-7 , The Vogtei Salzwedel: Land and people. Country and city. The town. Altensalzwedel and Salzwedel, pp. 59–63, here p. 61.
  16. ↑ Georg Schmidt : The von der Schulenburg family , part 2, Beetzendorf 1899, p. 50.
  17. ^ Peter P. Rohrlach: Historical local dictionary for the Altmark. Volume 2: L-Z . Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-8305-3743-4 , Stapen. 6. Rulership, pp. 2112–2113.
  18. ^ Lieselott Enders: The Altmark . Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-8305-1504-3 , B. The rural society in the early modern period. III. The living conditions of the villagers. 2. The peasants and cottagers. e) The services. Late Middle Ages, pp. 332–336, here p. 334.
  19. ^ Lieselott Enders: The Altmark . Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-8305-1504-3 , B. The rural society in the early modern period. III. The living conditions of the villagers. 2. The peasants and cottagers. e) The services. Late Middle Ages. Footnote 526, p. 334.
  20. ^ Lieselott Enders: The Altmark . Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-8305-1504-3 , D. Culture and way of life in town and country. II. School and university education, scholarship. 1. Schools. b) Village education. Beginnings, pp. 1230–1233, here p. 1233 (see also p. 551).
  21. ^ Lieselott Enders: The Altmark . Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-8305-1504-3 , B. The rural society in the early modern period. I. Agricultural structure in transition. 3. Land use and soil improvement. a) farmland. Wasserstand, pp. 164–165, here p. 165.
  22. ^ Lieselott Enders: The Altmark . Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-8305-1504-3 , B. The rural society in the early modern period. IV. The village constitution. 2. The community. a) Dual village constitution. Bauerrecht, pp. 559–562, here p. 561.
  23. ^ Helmut Assing : Brandenburg history . Ed .: Ingo Materna , Wolfgang Ribbe . Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1995, ISBN 3-05-002508-5 , The sovereignty of the Ascanians, Wittelsbachers and Luxembourgers (mid-12th to early 15th century). The restructuring of the agricultural constitution and the changes in rural social relations in the 12th and 13th centuries. Century, pp. 102-109.
  24. ^ Lieselott Enders: The Altmark . Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-8305-1504-3 , B. The rural society in the early modern period. I. Agricultural structure in transition. 2. The land constitution of the villages. a) Hoof condition and hooflessness. Hoof size, pp. 116–120, here p. 117.
  25. ^ Lieselott Enders: The Altmark . Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-8305-1504-3 , B. The rural society in the early modern period. I. Agricultural structure in transition. 2. The land constitution of the villages. a) Hoof condition and hooflessness. Methodical consequences, pp. 138–141, Wispelhufe, p. 139.
  26. ^ Lieselott Enders: The Altmark . Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-8305-1504-3 , B. The rural society in the early modern period. I. Agricultural structure in transition. 3. Land use and soil improvement. b) grassland, logging and bodies of water. Holzungen, pp. 171–174, here p. 172.
  27. ^ Lieselott Enders: The Altmark . Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-8305-1504-3 , B. The rural society in the early modern period. I. Agricultural structure in transition. 3. Land use and soil improvement. b) grassland, logging and bodies of water. Logs. Footnote 384, p. 172.
  28. ^ Lieselott Enders: The Altmark . Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-8305-1504-3 , B. The rural society in the early modern period. IV. The village constitution. 2. The community. c) Economic basics and activities. Resource dispute, pp. 587-594, here p. 593.
  29. ^ Lieselott Enders: The Altmark . Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-8305-1504-3 , B. The rural society in the early modern period. I. Agricultural structure in transition. 3. Land use and soil improvement. a) farmland. Specific land use system, footnote 282, p. 157.
  30. ^ Lieselott Enders: The Altmark . Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-8305-1504-3 , B. The rural society in the early modern period. I. Agricultural structure in transition. 3. Land use and soil improvement. a) farmland. Specific land use system, pp. 157–160, here p. 157.
  31. ↑ Federal Statistical Office (Ed.): Municipalities 1994 and their changes since 01.01.1948 in the new federal states . Metzler-Poeschel, Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 , pp. 358, 362 .
  32. ↑ Area information Changes to the area of ​​the municipality since July 1, 2007
  33. ↑ District directory of the state of Saxony-Anhalt (directory of the municipalities and parts of the municipality), territorial status January 2014, State Statistical Office Saxony-Anhalt, Halle (Saale), 2016
  34. ^ Peter P. Rohrlach: Historical local dictionary for the Altmark. Volume 2: L-Z . Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-8305-3743-4 , Stapen. 10. Population figures, p. 2115.
  35. ↑ Thomas Hartwig: All Altmark churches from A to Z . Elbe-Havel Verlag, Havelberg 2012, ISBN 978-3-9814039-5-4 , p. 456 .
  36. ^ Peter P. Rohrlach: Historical local dictionary for the Altmark. Volume 2: L-Z . Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-8305-3743-4 , Stapen. 9. Monuments, p. 2115.
  37. ↑ No. DE 3232304, FFH0253
  38. ↑ World Database on Protected Areas - Moorweide bei Stapen (English)
  39. ^ Lieselott Enders: The Altmark . Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-8305-1504-3 , D. Culture and way of life in town and country. IV. Individual and social way of life. 2. Holiday joys and socializing. b) Carnival, Whitsun beer and other socializing. Bauer beer, pp. 1301-1302.
  40. ^ Peter P. Rohrlach: Historical local dictionary for the Altmark. Volume 2: L-Z . Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-8305-3743-4 , Stapen. 8. Ecclesiastical Constitution, pp. 2114–2115.
  41. ^ Joachim Stephan: The Vogtei Salzwedel . Peter Lang, Frankfurt am Main 2006, ISBN 3-631-54808-7 , The Vogtei Salzwedel: Land and people. Country and city. The church organization of the Vogtei Salzwedel, pp. 55–57.
  42. ^ Association for pastors in the Evangelical Church of the Church Province of Saxony e. V. (Ed.): Pastor's Book of the Church Province of Saxony (=  Series Pastorum . Volume 10 ). Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2009, ISBN 978-3-374-02142-0 , p. 612 .
  43. ^ Hilbert Haase: Parish Almanach or the Protestant clergy and churches of the province of Saxony in the counties of Wernigerode, Rossla and Stolberg . 19th year, 1903, ZDB -ID 551010-7 , p. 23 ( wiki-de.genealogy.net [accessed February 3, 2018]).
  44. ↑ Beetzendorf parish area. Retrieved February 3, 2018 .