Francisceum Zerbst

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Francisceum Zerbst
Zerbst, Francisceum.jpg
type of school high school
founding 1526
place Zerbst / Anhalt
country Saxony-Anhalt
Country Germany
Coordinates 51 ° 57 '55 "  N , 12 ° 5' 37"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 57 '55 "  N , 12 ° 5' 37"  E
student 577 (as of August 29, 2019)
Teachers 46 (as of August 29, 2019)
management Veronika Schimmel
Website https://francisceum.de

The Francisceum is a higher educational institution operated under different names since the 16th century in Zerbst / Anhalt . From 1582 to 1798 it was a Gymnasium Illustre ( Anhalt State University with Latin School). Today the school is a state high school .

The school, founded in 1526, was named after the patron saint of the monastery that houses it, Saint John the Baptist , until 1803. It is considered to be the oldest secondary school in Saxony-Anhalt.

history

From the monastery to the school building

Francisceum with city wall tower, choir of the church (auditorium windows in the north and east) and eastern monastery building (alumni room)

The history of the school goes back to a monastery of the Franciscan order founded in 1210 , which was built around 1235/45. It belonged to the Saxon Franciscan Province . The first church had small windows, one of which is visible (bricked up) on the northwest side between the first and second window halfway up the church. Underneath is a walled up early Gothic portal from the time of construction, which was uncovered in 1912 and to which steps lead down. The terrain was not that high at the time the monastery was built. To the south of the church there was initially only a large monastery courtyard, surrounded by a cloister . Later a second small monastery courtyard was built. In the 14th century, around 1300/10, the church was increased. In addition, high Gothic windows were installed, five windows on the north side in the nave and even larger windows in the choir. The gable of the old brick church , which stands out from the mixture of stone and brick used for the elevation , can still be clearly seen on the western gable of the church. The building south of the small courtyard, in which u. a. the refectory ( remter ) and above it a festival room (library since 1803) with a cross-vaulted ceiling dates from around 1470.

In September 1526 the Franciscan monastery in Zerbst was also occupied in the course of the Reformation . The religious left the monastery one by one. In 1532 only one of them was in the monastery, who left it in 1534 and went to Berlin.

St. John's School 1532–1644

The Nikolaischule, a Latin school , was founded in 1526 (earlier?) And was initially located at the Nikolaikirche, the largest church in Zerbst, the largest city in Anhalt at the time . In 1532 she moved into the Franciscan monastery and used the building with the exception of the monastery church, which was used as a granary and storage place for guns during the Reformation. So u. a. the guns could be retracted, the west side of the church received a large arched door. Since the monastery was consecrated to John the Baptist , the school was soon named "St. John's School". She had four classes.

In Zerbst there were two trivial schools , the Bartholomäischule and the Nikolaischule (later Johannisschule), which were combined to form the new Johannisschule in 1582. It initially had seven classes. Prince Wolfgang von Anhalt-Köthen had provided for a large sum in his will in the event that the two schools were merged.

Learning the Latin language was the goal of the trivial school / Latin school . Music lessons also played a major role. One did not learn to read and write German, in fact it was forbidden to use the German language in school. Before 1582 there were no realities on the schedule in Zerbst . In 1600 there is arithmetic in the Prima timetable. In 1625, in addition to Latin, the German mother tongue found its way into the bottom three classes of the ten-class school in order to counteract the angle schools .

Anhalt State University (Gymnasium Illustre) 1582–1798 with auditorium from 1585

The state university was founded by Prince Joachim Ernst von Anhalt , who was then the sole ruler of Anhalt , who was concerned with educating officials, teachers and theologians in the spirit of Philippism and thus creating a counterweight to the strictly Lutheran universities of Wittenberg and Leipzig. The Zerbst High School was therefore of great importance in the early modern period for the Filipino-Calvinist upper classes in all of Central Europe. The high school trained 2,701 students. Without the money from Prince Wolfgang, the Illustre grammar school could never have come into being. There was also a Wolfgang scholarship up to the inflation year 1923 .

In 1603, Anhalt was divided again. From 1603 to 1793 Zerbst was the residence of the Principality of Anhalt-Zerbst , initially under Prince Rudolf von Anhalt-Zerbst (1576–1621). After the division of Anhalt, the senior citizens of the House of Anhalt held the patronage of the high school according to the review of August 7, 1606.

There were two disastrous events during the university's existence: the plague broke out in Zerbst in the first year of 1582, and lectures were not continued until the end of 1582. Then the Thirty Years' War affected the university and Zerbst from 1626 onwards. Near the university, Ernst von Mansfeld's troops climbed the wall on March 16, 1626 and took the city. A plaque next to the defense tower reminds of this.

Like a full university at the time, the university had theology, law, medicine and philosophy faculties. In the medical faculty, a professor Limmer taught the anatomy of the human body on the basis of dissection exercises as early as 1690. To obtain an academic degree, the study was continued at another full university. The lawyers went to the University of Marburg , Heidelberg University and Geneva University , the theologians to the Viadrina University in Frankfurt (Oder) and the medical professionals went to the University of Leiden , University of Groningen , University of Utrecht and Wittenberg University , University of Halle , University of Frankfurt (Oder) and University of Jena .

In 1584/85 a renaissance-style annex was built west of the church with an octagonal stair tower, an auditorium on the ground floor and the rector's apartment on the first floor. In 1589 a community (cafeteria) was opened, which existed until 1770.

From 1582 on, the Illustre grammar school had its own printing press, which was located in the refectory from 1680 to 1798, and one hundred years earlier it was next to the monastery in its own building, which was no longer usable due to its disrepair.

The inventory of the library of the Illustre grammar school grew steadily during the first two centuries thanks to numerous donations and bequests. A real universal library, which included about 2,500 volumes, there was only from 1714/15 through the Raumerschen donations ( Johann Georg von Raumer (1671-1747), presumably in 1000 volumes. Books especially his grandfather Georg Raumer (1610-1691) and the entire book collection of Friedrich Amadeus Gottlieb von Raumer (1643–1728)). The university library was located in the auditorium building.

Johannis School 1644–1803

The Principality of Anhalt-Zerbst returned to the Lutheran creed in 1644. So the school was divided again, there was now the Protestant St. Bartholomai School and the Reformed (Calvinist influenced) St. John's School. That only changed in 1803 when the two schools were merged again.

After 1644, the school dropped from ten classes to eight, then seven and finally five classes. In 1685 there were only 7 primary students at the Johannisschule, on the other hand there were 22 at the Bartholomäischule (including 17 foreign students)

In 1797, Zerbst became part of the Principality of Anhalt-Dessau under Prince Leopold III. Friedrich Franz , who worked beneficially in Zerbst as "Father Franz" and reformed the Johannis School based on the model of the Dessau Philanthropinum he founded in 1774 . While the High School Zerbst closed for financial reasons in 1798, the Johannis School continued.

Expansion of the nave of the church into a main class building, secondary school in Zerbst 1803–1836, Francisceum 1836–1945

View into the main hall (former monastery church)
Monument to Leopold III Friedrich Franz at the entrance

The city school (Hauptschule), which was inaugurated after five years of renovation in 1803, was later named after Prince Leopold III in accordance with an edict of October 17, 1836 Friedrich Franz Francisceum called. During the renovation in 1803, two ceilings were drawn into the nave of the church (previously a ruin), creating two class floors with four rooms each and a cellar. The rooms in the east and west buildings can be reached from the main class building via a corridor. The doors of the classrooms on the first class floor are located between the mighty brick arches of the former church. The church was widened to the south by the cloister, which gave the west gable its peculiar truncated shape. A high main hallway was created with three large pointed arch windows on the south side. Access to the school building was via the cloister, a staircase led to the main hall. The upper classrooms can be reached via a gallery. An epitaph that was in the church came into the large cloister after the renovation, is on the outer church wall. The classrooms only had one or two windows, three of which had only one window each on the north side and one room with one window each on the north and west side. To improve the light conditions, two windows were added on the north side in 1840 (3rd and 5th from the west) and one in 1912 (7th from the west). All the windows were raised a meter higher.

The ground floor including the former are the refectory , the chapter house , the festival hall and the detention room , which still remembers with its inscriptions to the university and school today. The Zerbst City Museum is now housed in the overbuilt cloisters and the rooms on the ground floor.

In 1813 the school had to be temporarily vacated to make way for Russian hospitals.

In 1814/15, in memory of the Battle of the Nations near Leipzig , the so-called “fire mountain” was laid out in front of the Breitestrasse gate by high school students , on which there was a bonfire on October 18, 1815. The street Feuerberg ( ⊙ ) still reminds of this today .

In 1829 there was the first Abitur exam at the Johannis School . In the first decades of its existence, the Francisceum was a school for all social classes.

The Latin language dominated the timetable. The following number of hours ratios should clarify this:

  • Latin / arithmetic and mathematics: 1810 and 1833 (1844, 1857): 2 to 1; 1803 and 1880: 3 to 1
  • Natural history, physics, chemistry / mathematics: 1880: 1 to 2
  • Latin / German: 1833: 2 to 1, 1880: 4 to 1
  • Latin / Greek: 1803: 4 to 1; 1810: 3 to 1; 1833: 1.5 to 1;, 1880: 2 to 1.
  • In 1803, French had a considerable number of hours, in 1810 almost as many hours as Latin, after which it fell sharply, but in 1880 almost as many hours as German.

From 1880 the timetable was adapted to the Prussian curriculum.

Francisceum without elementary classes from 1842, set up as a humanistic grammar school

Seal mark H. Francisceum and Pedagogium Zerbst

In 1842 the elementary classes (1st – 4th grade) were abolished at the school. Even now it was not yet a school that only prepared students for academic studies. The last pupils who came to the Francisceum when they were just starting school graduated from high school in 1853. From 1842, only those who had acquired elementary knowledge elsewhere were accepted. The high school course at the Francisceum was 8 years old, 7 classes (Septima to Prima), Prima 2 years. In Zerbst there was a school for the poor from 1818 (later elementary school ) and from 1839 a community school (later middle school) in the converted "New House" from 1545 on the market with a portal from 1537.

Francisceum with pre-school 1869–1922

From 1869 there was a separate preschool at the Francisceum , which moved to its own building at Weinberg 3 in 1872/83 and existed until 1922. Attending preschools was subject to school fees. During the Weimar Republic , pre-schools were abolished and the requirement to attend a four-year primary school together was introduced. As a result of the school reform, the time it takes to obtain the Abitur changed from 12 to 13 years in Germany. The grades changed: sixth to fourth one year, tertia to prima two years.

Francisceum with real classes in addition to high school classes 1872–1930

As a result of the demand for greater consideration of useful, practical subjects ( realia ), real classes (real quarta, realtertia, realsekunda) were created at the Francisceum from 1872 onwards. In 1883, the Realquarta fell away due to the introduction of new curricula. In 1873 the choir of the church (previously a ruin) was expanded. The auditorium was built on the second floor and two classrooms for the real classes on the first floor. A staircase was built between the choir and the nave with a narrow window for lighting. Until 1875 the school was under the direction of the consistory , then the department for education of the Anhalt government.

In this phase, new rooms for the natural sciences were created in the school building. In 1888 the western monastery building was extended, and two rooms were created for physics classes. In 1891 further new classrooms (biology and chemistry) were built in the rooms of the boarding school, which was closed in 1891 (62 pupils in 1855), which had existed since 1803 and was located southeast of the church. In 1854 64 pupils lived in 13 rooms, in smaller 3 to 4 pupils and in larger 7 to 8 pupils. The building used to be the cells of the monks, later the rooms of the students and then the alumni of the Francisceum. The alumni corridor is 50 m long and has a large Gothic window at the southern end.

In 1903 the Francisceum celebrated its 100th anniversary. On the occasion of this, the school received a portrait of Prince Wolfgang von Anhalt-Köthen by the Zerbst painter Carl Vaditz through a bequest from the wife of the Kölling Chamber of Commerce. The picture of Duke Friedrich von Anhalt (1831–1904) in the school was also painted by Carl Vaditz.

In 1926 gas lighting was replaced by electric lighting, and in 1928 the wooden staircase was replaced by today's stone one.

Francisceum in the First World War

1914–1918: 42 primary school students registered for use in the First World War, 17 of them in 1914. The students taking part in the World War took their secondary school diploma . Ten Primans did not return from the war, including a Jew, two were missing. In the war years, no one finished school in 1915, 1916–1917: three and in 1918 four primary school students. Of 112 pupils who finished school as primary school between Easter 1904 and Easter 1914, 25 died in the war. Of the 112 students, 79 completed the Prima in two years, 14 in two and a half years, 4 in three years, the remaining 15 presumably mostly dropped out of school. Seconds went to war as well, five real seconds are known, one of them fell. Of the 126 real second students who regularly finished school between 1904 and 1917, 23 fell.

Primaner 1904–1930

Only a few students completed the upper prima of the grammar school classes in the period 1904–1928. There were hardly more than ten students each year. At the end of the secondary school, the secondary school students received the certificate of maturity for upper secondary school, which was the last time in 1920. Subsequent cohorts went on to graduate from high school. From 1924, students in the Real Class also took the Prima, in their own 1st class. Between 1926 and 1928, a total of around 20 students completed the Prima per year, with some completing the Prima after less than two years; H. probably dropped out without high school diploma. For high school students that was about half and for high school students about a third. In 1928 there were 16 students in the upper secondary school and 11 students in the real upper primary as well as 17 students in the lower secondary and 8 students in the lower secondary school.

Reform Realgymnasium from 1922

In 1922 it was decided that the Francisceum Reform should be a high school . In 1928 there were 24 female students at the Francisceum, and girls have also been admitted for a number of years, the first of whom was Ida Möhring in 1923. At Easter 1930 the last high school graduates from the former humanistic grammar school were dismissed, as were the high school graduates from the real classes of the old grammar school. In 1931, the first primary students of the Realreformgymnasium, whose class size was around 20, were dismissed, including three women. Until the 1930s, the students at the Francisceum wore the following student hats :

  • Sexta: dark blue hat with a red stripe
  • Quinta: red hat with an orange stripe
  • Quarta: light blue cap with yellow stripes and silver piping
  • Sub-tertia: carmine-red cap with blue stripes and silver piping
  • Obertertia: crimson hat with green stripes and silver piping
  • Untersekunda: yellow cap with black stripes and silver piping
  • Obersekunda: yellow hat with black and gold stripes
  • Underprima: white hat with black stripes and silver piping
  • First and foremost: white hat with black and wide gold stripes

In 1937 the Abitur was obtained after 12 years , as was the case earlier in the German Empire. This remained so in the GDR era and until 2000 and has been so again since 2007. In 1939 the Higher Töchterschule on the Schloss Freiheit in Zerbst (at this location since 1893 in a converted cavalier house from 1707; Daughter's School in Zerbst since 1806, which was called the Higher Daughter's School from 1873) was merged with the Francisceum. Until 1941 the school year started at Easter, only after that in September, as is usual today.

Before 1933 every day began with a prayer in the auditorium, and every student had his or her regular seat. After that and also after 1945 in the GDR there was often a roll call in the school yard, and in bad weather also in the auditorium. In 1853 a new flag was donated for the 50th anniversary.

Francisceum after 1945

After 1945 the Francisceum Oberschule (until 1959 the higher education institution leading to the Abitur in the GDR), since 1959 an extended grammar school , since 1969 an extended grammar school " Albert Kuntz " and since April 1, 1991 has been called Francisceum again . The portrait of "Father Franz", a painting by Heinrich Beck, remained in the school after 1945. This portrait of Duke Leopold Friedrich Franz and a portrait of Duke Leopold IV Friedrich , painter also Johann Heinrich Beck, was donated in 1853 for the 50th anniversary of the Francisceum by Duke Leopold IV. Friedrich, who also determined the name Francisceum in 1836.

School grounds

The school grounds are limited to the east by the city wall over a length of about 180 m. The 17 m high round tower from 1482 on the city wall got a staircase, a roof, glass windows and a floor in 1873. In 1928 the tower was expanded so that it can be climbed to the top and has been used as an observatory since 1953. In the vicinity of the round tower there is a gate in the city wall that leads to green spaces with a memorial stone for gymnastics father Friedrich Ludwig Jahn that was erected in the immediate vicinity .

The main entrance is on the western wall of the school grounds. Behind it has been a memorial stone for "Father Franz" with a bronze picture and an inscription in Latin underneath in the schoolyard since 1903. Generations have passed this memorial stone since then in order to get to the entrance to the school building located between the choir and the nave. The last portal was from 1928 and a cube-shaped building with a double-leaf door on the west side. The portal that existed in front of it had a small door on the north side, above which there was a plaque for the 300th anniversary of the opening of the Illustre high school in 1882. It was installed to the right of the new portal above the cellar door of the church. It was lost during the last renovation work. The brick portal from 1928 has disappeared and has been replaced by a modern entrance area, a glass / metal construction. Until the Illustre grammar school closed, there was a plaque commemorating the opening of the Illustre grammar school on the tower of the auditorium building. This board is said to have been removed because it was illegible. Since 2012 there has been a new cafeteria on the south side of the monastery, where the students can relax and purchase various food and drinks.

present

A public high school of the same name still exists in Zerbst today. In the monastery, vineyard 1, there are grades 8–12. The school building Weinberg 3 is used for science lessons for grades 8–12. Grades 5–7 are housed in the former elementary school 1 at Rephuns Garten, built in 1889, and are taught in the form of an all-day school. Since 2009 the high school has been a school without racism - school with courage . In April, the month in which the Francisceum was founded, there are annual school festivals.

In the auditorium there are the surviving portraits (paintings) of the school principals. Six from the time of the Illustre high school and five from the time of the Francisceum until 1945. The portrait of Rector Stier was donated by former students in 1893 and is by the painter Richard Schubring from Dessau, it has a copper plate with a dedication. There are also twelve portraits of princes and dukes of Anhalt in the auditorium, including Prince Joachim Ernst von Anhalt and seven senior princes (i.e. eight directors of the Illustre high school), two dukes of Anhalt, Prince Wolfgang (Anhalt-Köthen) (1492–1566) and Prince Wilhelm von Harzgerode (ruled 1670–1709).

Teachers, principals, directors, graduates

Midsummer School

Rectors 1525–1803

Before 1582, the Johannisschule had at least eleven rectors, 1582–1803 twelve rectors, including 1582–1653 seven rectors and 1654–1803 five rectors:

  • 1525–1527 Stephan Roth
  • 1527 Sebastian Albinus
  • 1528 Francis Lußo
  • 1557–1558 Friedrich Widebrand
  • 1558–1567 Georg Roth (Erythraeus)
  • 1567–1570 Johann Roth
  • 1571–1578 Nicholas child
  • 1579–1582 Albinus Lucius
  • 1582–1586 Georg Aeplinius
  • 1586 Caspar Ullrich
  • 1586–1596 Johann Theopold, 1608 professor at the Gymn. Illustre
  • 1597–1606 Albert Voit , 1600 professor at the Gymn. Illustre
  • 1606–1613 Johann Ursinus, 1613 professor for history at the Gymn. Illustre
  • 1613–1629 Petrus von Jena, 1617 professor of philosophy at the Gymn. Illustre, 1629 mayor of Zerbst
  • 1629–1653 Ernst Wulstorp, then 1653–1658 rector at the Joachimsthalschen Gymnasium in Berlin
  • 1654–1680 Andreas Markmann
  • 1680–1732 Balthasar Stange
  • 1732–1744 Elias Hosemann
  • 1745–1790 Georg Gottfried Püschel
  • 1791–1803 Daniel August Richter

At the time the Anhalt State University was in existence, the Johannisschule was under the supervision of the rector of the Illustre grammar school .

Graduates

The register of the Johannisschule 1532–1803 have not been preserved. People for whom a visit to the Gymnasium zu Zerbst is indicated in historical literature and who are not in the register of the Gymn. Illustre, have probably attended the Johannisschule in Zerbst.

Completed school education at the Illustre high school in Zerbst, d. H. at the Midsummer School:

Anhalt State University (Gymnasium Illustre) 1582–1798

During its existence, the Anhalt State University had 9 rectors. The portraits of the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 5th, 6th and 7th Rector have been preserved. The first director was Prince Joachim Ernst von Anhalt, then it was the respective senior (in terms of years the oldest ruling Prince) of the Principality of Anhalt. The director was the principal's immediate superior. In the time of existence of the. There were 16 directors at the Landesuni. They are portraits of the 1st, 2nd, 5th, 9th, 11th and 14th centuries. and 16th director received.

Directors

Rectors

  • 1. Gregor Bersmann (1538–1611), rector until 1611
  • 2. Markus Friedrich Wendelin (1584–1652), rector 1612–1652
  • 3. Simon Heinze (Heinsius), Rector 1652–1660, imm. at the Gymn. Illustre 1628, Prof. at the Gymn. Illustre since 1640
  • 4. Lüder Kannengießer (1631–1680), Rector 1662–1680, on the portrait of him in the auditorium are his life data ( epitaph in the Nikolaikirche)
  • 5. Theodor Christian Raumer (1644–1707), rector 1682–1707, professor at the Gymn. Illustrious since 1670, imm. in Zerbst 1660
  • 6. Johann Daniel Cramer (1672–1715), rector 1707–1715
  • 7. Heinrich Jacob van Bashuysen (1679–1758), rector 1716–1758
  • 8. Johann Simeon Lindinger (1723–1783), Rector 1760–1783
  • 9. Gottfried Schickedanz (1747–1808), rector 1784–1798

Note: In the missing years, the position of Rector was vacant and was taken over by the Vice Rector.

Professors

  • Wolfgang Amling (1542–1606), theologian
  • Bartholomäus Schönborn 1530–1586, physician, from 1582 Prof. d. Medicine, physics, etc. Mathematics as well as urban physicist; did not read about medicine in Zerbst
  • Georg Salmuth (1550–1604), professor of medicine from 1591, with him began teaching medicine in Zerbst
  • Albert Voit (1552–1606), Rector at Johannisschule 1597 and professor at State University 1600
  • Christian Beckmann (1580–1648), he became professor of theology at the Gymn in 1627. Illustrious, he is the father of Friedrich Beckmann (1624–1667), and Johann Christoph Beckmann .
  • Peter (Petrus) von Jena (1584–1639), imm. in Zerbst 1601, 1617–1639 Prof. for philosophy. Father of Friedrich von Jena and Gottfried von Jena
  • Johannes Magirus (1615–1697), physician, mathematician and university professor, professor of mathematics
  • Conrad Philipp Limmer (1658–1730), imm. in Zerbst 1676, 1685–1730 professor for medicine, physics, mathematics, the most industrious and progressive professor, 1715–1730 mayor,
  • Samuel Lenz (1686–1776), historian and lawyer, councilor of the Princess of Anhalt-Köthen, taught geography in Zerbst from 1722
  • Johann Augustin Köselitz (1721–1790), Wittenberg, theologian, imm. in Zerbst 1738
  • Christian Friedrich Sintenis (1750-1820), theologian
  • Friedrich Georg August Lobethan (1753–1832), Köthen, lawyer and historian, author of various writings, imm. in Zerbst 1768, professor at the Gymn. Illustrious zu Zerbst 1776–1798

Graduates

The following nine rectors of the University in Frankfurt Oder were demonstrably students of the Illustre zu Zerbst high school:

  • Cyriacus Herdesianus, Bernburg (1580–1631) lawyer, imm. in Zerbst 1602, 2 × Rector SS 1622, SS 1630
  • Friedrich von Jena (1620–1682), Zerbst, lawyer and statesman, imm. in Zerbst 1637, 1 × rector 1637
  • Gottfried von Jena (1624–1703), Zerbst, lawyer, imm. in Zerbst 1641, 1 × Rector SS 1657
  • Friedrich Beckmann (1624–1667), born in Amberg, theologian, imm. in Zerbst 1641, 3 x Rector, WS 1650, WS 1654, WS 1662
  • Johann Simon, Zerbst, theologian, (1635–1698) imm. in Zerbst 1653, 5 x Rector WS 1668, WS 1674, WS 1680, WS 1686, WS 1692
  • Johann Christoph Beckmann (1641–1717), Zerbst, theologian, imm. in Zerbst 1657, 7 x Rector WS 1672, WS 1678, WS 1684, WS 1691, WS 1697, SS 1702, WS 1713; WS 1709 Vice Rector, Friedrich Wilhelm Crown Prince v. Prussia was Rector SS 1706–1712
  • Gottfried Valand (1640–1691) Zerbst, ethicist, imm. in Zerbst 1657, 2 × Rector SS 1678, SS 1684
  • Philipp Buch (1639–1696), Zerbst, theologian, imm. in Zerbst 1658, 5 x Rector, SS 1666, SS 1672, WS 1677, WS 1683, SS 1691
  • Andreas Ottomar Gölicke (1671–1744), Nienburg, physician, imm. in Zerbst 1688, 5 x Rector SS 1721, SS 1725, SS 1729, WS 1733, WS 1737

Further students at the Anhalt University of Zerbst:

  • Christoph Rothmann (around 1560–1600), mathematics scholarship holder, one of the few known astronomers of the 16th century, imm. in Zerbst 1582
  • August Friedrich Sack (1703–1786), theologian, Harzgerode, imm. in Zerbst 1719
  • Lebrecht Bachenschwanz (1729–1802), writer and classical translator, imm. in Zerbst 1747
  • Bartholomäus Pitiscus (1561-1613), theologian, mathematician, imm. in Zerbst 1583
  • Wilhelm Romanus (Römer) († 1639), medic, imm. in Zerbst 1582
  • Jakob Röseler (1628–1685), physician, imm. in Zerbst 1646, professor for medicine at the Gymn. Illustrious zu Zerbst
  • Philipp Beckmann, Mühlhausen i. Th., Imm. in Zerbst 1632, professor of physics at the Univ. in Frankfurt ad Oder

Francisceum

Directors

The Francisceum had eight directors from 1803 to 1945.

The portraits of the 4th to 8th rectors have been preserved and are on the stage wall of the auditorium.

  1. Gottfried Schickedanz, director 1803–1808
  2. Gottfried Fähse (1764–1831), director 1809–1830
  3. Christian Heinrich Karl Ritter, director 1830–1850
  4. Karl Sintenis (1806–1867), student at the Francisceum from 1820–1824, senior teacher 1829–1837, professor 1837–1867, director 1850–1867
  5. Heinrich Christoph Gottlieb Stier (1825–1896), director 1868–1893
  6. Ferdinand Seelmann, director 1894–1908
  7. Gustav Reinhardt, director 1908–1927
  8. Franz Münnich, director 1927–1945

Since 1945, the school has had a total of nine directors in its various forms:

  1. Martin Otto, director 1945–1950
  2. Wolfgang Gröseling, director 1950–1954
  3. Hanns-Wolfgang Brosig, director 1954–1959
  4. Helmut Topf, director 1959–1974
  5. Alfred Mertinat, director 1974–1984
  6. Inge Werner, director 1984–1991
  7. Eberhard Schmaling, director 1991–2007
  8. Hans-Henning Messer, Director 2007–2017
  9. Veronika Schimmel, director since 2017

Teacher

  • Johann Christoph Schmager (1777–1828), high school professor, at the school since 1802, teacher of mathematics and physics
  • Balthasar Stenzel (1751–1838), Vice Rector (1803–1816?), Father of Gustav Adolf Harald Stenzel
  • Ernst Wilhelm Gottlieb Wachsmuth (1784–1866), Sub-Rector Senior Teacher (1811–1815)
  • Ludwig Heinze (1792–1871), teacher at the Francisceum 1812–1866 a. a. for singing and Arithmetic, 1862 gold medal of Albrecht the Bear for 50 years of teaching at the Francisceum, Freemason of the local lodge
  • Gregor Wilhelm Nitzsch (1790–1861), Vice Rector 1817–1820
  • Wilhelm Adolf Becker (1796–1846), Vice Rector 1822–1828, later professor at the University of Leipzig (1836 archeology, associate professor / 1842 chair of ancient studies)
  • Franz Kindscher (1824–1905), at the Francisceum since 1849, senior teacher in 1856, high school professor in 1866, switched to archives in 1876
  • Paul Höfer (1845–1914) senior teacher 1877–1880
  • Hermann Waschke (1850–1926), high school professor, senior teacher 1882–1889, then teacher in Dessau, 1901–1926 head of the Anhaltisches Staatsarchiv in Zerbst, part-time teacher at the Francisceum 1915–1920.
  • Wilhelm Sickel (1851–1920), high school professor, 1882–1919 at the Francisceum
  • Georg Glöckner (1844–1924), high school professor, 1875–1908 at the Francisceum
  • Gustav Viktor Hermann Hinze (1879–1973), 1904–1939 teacher of biology and chemistry, 1935 high school professor, famous beaver researcher and author of beaver books , 1921–1945 director of the castle museum (state museum) in Zerbst
  • Reinhold Specht (1893–1960), 1924 teacher of Latin, religion and German, later (1926) head of the Anhalt State Archives in Zerbst.

Graduates

  • Gustav Adolf Harald Stenzel (1792–1854), secondary school leaving certificate 1810, since 1820 professor of history at the University of Breslau
  • Carl Christian Philipp Tauchnitz (1798–1884), publisher
  • Alfred Joachimi (1823–1895), Lord Mayor of the City of Koethen from 1852 to 1893, he attended high school in Koethen and Zerbst and then studied law
  • Alexander Mette (1837–1896), Abitur 1856, studied philology and mathematics in Berlin, teacher at the grammar school in Dortmund since 1862, grammar school professor in 1887, author of the "History of the grammar school" for the 350th anniversary of his foundation in 1893
  • Franz Karl Münnich (1841–1910), b. in Dessau, high school student in Zerbst 1850–1861. Senior teacher at the Francisceum Zerbst 1872–1873, 1881–1887 director of the Ulrichsgymnasium in Norden and later director of the grammar school in Schwerin
  • Otto Matthiae (* 1842) high school student in Zerbst 1855–1861, senior teacher in 1875, professor at the Kgl. Wilhelms-Gymnasium in Berlin
  • Karl Schulze (* 1848 in Jessnitz), Abitur 1866, professor at Friedrichs Werderscher Gymnasium in Berlin
  • Ernst Schwerdtfeger (* 1880 in Dessau), Abitur 1899, senior teacher at the Putbus pedagogy
  • Reinhold Wulle (1882–1950), Abitur 1902, publicist and politician in the Weimar Republic
  • Max Preitz (1885–1971), Abitur 1904, 1927–1945 senior teacher at the Wöhlerschule in Frankfurt am Main
  • Erich Zenner (* 1888), Abitur 1907, professor of mechanical engineering in Berlin
  • Adalbert Pfeil (* 1886), Abitur in 1908, government architect in Charlottenburg, later city councilor in Berlin
  • Otto Böhme (born October 18, 1891 in Kuhberge near Lindau in the Zerbst district, high school diploma in 1911, 80th birthday in 1971), director of the Bayer Leverkusen paintworks, inventor, honorary citizen of the University of Munich
  • Friedrich Türcke (1915–1998), forester and hunting scientist, from 1957 to 1978 head of the Saupark Forestry Office in Lower Saxony

literature

  • Achim Todenhöfer: The Franciscan Church of St. Johannis in Zerbst. In: Churches of the mendicant orders. The architecture of the Dominicans and Franciscans in Saxony-Anhalt , Dietrich Reimer Verlag, Berlin 2010, pp. 184–194, ISBN 978-3-496-01396-9

Web links

Commons : Francisceum (Zerbst / Anhalt)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Achim Todenhöfer: Churches of the mendicant orders. The architecture of the Dominicans and Franciscans in Saxony-Anhalt. Berlin 2010, p. 188.190.
  2. ^ Sketch of the location of the first monastery, floor plan of the monastery, drawings, etc. a. from the cloisters, the refectory, the library, the main hallway
  3. ^ Monks in the Franciscan monastery
  4. ^ Sickel: History of the ducal high school Francisceum Zerbst 1803-1903, Zerbst 1903. P. 2
  5. ↑ Reinhold Specht: The matriculation of the Illustre high school in Zerbst 1582–1798 . Leipzig 1930, p. 15
  6. ^ Castan, Joachim: The Illustre grammar school of the Principality of Anhalt in Zerbst 1582–1652, Halle 1999; P. 194 - Careers of individual students
  7. ↑ Ars medica Servestana 1582–1803 by Kaiser / Völker, 1980 - pp. 51, 58 - biograf. Information on 22 medical students, Imm. In Zerbst 1688–1794
  8. ^ Franz Münnich: History of the Francisceum zu Zerbst 1526–1928 . Zerbst 1928, p. 31
  9. ^ Holdings of today's Francisceumsbibliothek
  10. ^ Francisceum Library
  11. ↑ For the designation “city school” before 1837 see Schickedanz: Plan and order of the new city school in Zerbst , 1803
  12. ↑ 1836 Receipt of the name Francisceum
  13. ↑ 1838 Name Francisceum in use
  14. ^ Fritz Richter: Contributions to the building history of the Zerbster "monastery" . In: Contributions to the cultural history of Anhalt . P. 78, dedicated to the Friedrichsgymnasium zu Dessau for the 150th anniversary celebration as a festschrift from the Francisceum zu Zerbst, 1935
  15. ^ Museum of the city of Zerbst in the former monastery
  16. ^ Becker, Heinrich: Geschichte der Stadt Zerbst, 1907, p. 119
  17. ↑ Timetables per subject and class in Prussia 1856, 1882
  18. ^ Münnich, Franz: Geschichte des Francisceum zu Zerbst 1526–1928, Zerbst 1928, p. 57
  19. ^ Heinrich Becker: History of the city of Zerbst . 1907, p. 127
  20. ↑ Portal at the New House in Zerbst, Citizens' School
  21. ↑ Directory of boarding school students (class, name, place of birth and birthday, father's status, time of admission) , pp. 42–43
  22. ^ Establishment of the Ducal Pedagogy in Zerbst in the invitation to d. public school exams in the Ducal Francisceum in Zerbst 1854 (also called the school program or Easter program of the school)
  23. ↑ Kariel, Willi (1896–1915)
  24. ↑ Erich Boremski (1899–1918)
  25. ↑ In an evaluation of: Directory of Primans 1903–1928, pp. 76–90 and Directory of Realsekundaner with completion of the secondary school leaving certificate in Münnich, Franz: Geschichte des Francisceum zu Zerbst 1526–1928, Zerbst 1928
  26. ^ Münnich, Franz: Geschichte des Francisceum zu Zerbst 1526–1928, Zerbst 1928, p. 67
  27. ^ Specht, Reinhold: Geschichte der Stadt Zerbst, 1998, p.
  28. ^ Münnich, Franz: History of the Francisceum zu Zerbst 1526–1928, Zerbst 1928, p. 54 New portal building in 1928
  29. ↑ today's portal is documented from 1928 by recording. from 1934, source: Deutsche Fotothek, photo no. FD 356 048; View of the Franciscan monastery church in Zerbst with the attached porch
  30. ^ Wilhelm van Kempen: Zerbst in Anhalt, 1929, illustration on plate 19 - a recording of the drawing teacher at the Francisceum, Mr. Fritz Richter
  31. ↑ http://www.gymnasium-francisceum.de/content2/presse_13/presse_15_11_13.pdf
  32. ↑ http://www.gymnasium-francisceum.de/content2/presse_12/presse_25_01_12.pdf
  33. ↑ http://www.gymnasium-francisceum.de/
  34. ↑ http://www.gymnasium-francisceum.de/content2/presse_11/presse_08_04_11.pdf
  35. ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original from October 20, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.gymnasium-francisceum.de
  36. ^ Sickel: History of the ducal high school Francisceum Zerbst 1803-1903, Zerbst 1903. P. 148
  37. ↑ Sickel: History of the ducal high school Francisceum Zerbst 1803-1903, Zerbst 1903, pp. 2–5, 10–14
  38. ↑ Münnich, Franz: Geschichte des Francisceum zu Zerbst 1526–1928, Zerbst 1928, p. 43
  39. ↑ Dünnhaupt, Gerhard: Bibliographisches Handbuch der Barockliteratur, 1981, p. 922 - Tobias Hübner (completed school education in Zerbst)
  40. ↑ Münnich, Franz: History of the Gymnasium Illustre zu Zerbst 1582–1798. Duderstadt 1960
  41. ↑ Raumer's portrait in the painting gallery of the Francisceum
  42. ^ Princes of Anhalt
  43. ↑ Senior citizens of the principalities of Anhalt
  44. ^ Prince Christian I of Bernburg
  45. ^ Prince August Ludwig von Köthen, painting by the Köthener court portrait painter Christoph Gottfriedringen (1713–1797), painted in 1748, in the Francisceum
  46. ^ "Father Franz" in the painting gallery of the Francisceum
  47. ↑ Gottfried Schickedanz biographical
  48. ↑ Bartholomäus Schönborn
  49. ↑ Georg Salmuth
  50. ↑ FGA praise Than: speeches to young men
  51. ^ Specht, Reinhold: The matriculation of the Illustre high school in Zerbst 1582–1798, Leipzig 1930, register of persons
  52. ↑ Online matriculation d. University of Frankfurt Oder 1506–1648
  53. ↑ Online matriculation d. University of Frankfurt Oder 1649–1811
  54. ↑ Friedrich Beckmann
  55. ↑ Johann Cristoph Beckmann ( Memento from August 23, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
  56. ↑ Andreas Ottomar Gölicke
  57. ↑ Wilhelm Romanus (PDF file; 3.7 MB) p. 124
  58. ↑ Biography of Director Ritter (PDF file; 5.1 MB), p. 210
  59. ↑ Biography of Director Stier (PDF file; 2.2 MB), p. 86
  60. ↑ Biography Director Seelmann, Ferdinand (PDF file; 3.2 MB)
  61. ↑ Biography Director Reinhardt (PDF file; 5.1 MB), p. 102
  62. ↑ [1]
  63. ↑ [2]
  64. ↑ [3]
  65. ↑ [4]
  66. ↑ [5]
  67. ↑ [6]
  68. ↑ [7]
  69. ↑ [8]
  70. ↑ [9]
  71. ↑ [10]
  72. ^ New Yearbooks for Philology and Education, 1838, p. 329
  73. ^ Sickel: History of the ducal high school Francisceum Zerbst 1803-1903, Zerbst 1903. P. 57,59
  74. ^ Kössler, Franz: Personal Lexicon of 19th Century Teachers, Volume Haack - Hyss, 2008
  75. ^ Friedrich August Eckstein: Nomenclator philologorum, 1871
  76. ↑ Head teacher Hermann Laundry (1850–1926)
  77. ↑ Biology teacher and beaver researcher Gustav Hinze
  78. ^ Almanac of the Imperial Academy of Sciences in Vienna, 1855, p. 203
  79. ↑ Münnich, Franz Karl (PDF file; 7.1 MB) p. 425
  80. ↑ Matthiae, Otto (PDF file; 7.1 MB) p. 96
  81. ↑ Dr. Schulze, Karl (PDF file; 7.5 MB) p. 455
  82. ↑ Schwerdtfeger, Ernst (PDF file; 7.5 MB) p. 518
  83. ↑ Christoph König (Ed.), With the assistance of Birgit Wägenbaur u. a .: Internationales Germanistenlexikon 1800–1950 . Volume 2: H-Q. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2003, ISBN 3-11-015485-4 , p. 1425.
  84. ↑ Kürschner's Scholars Calendar (KGL) 1950 II 1443, 382
  85. ↑ Dr. Otto Böhme 80th birthday, October 18, 1971, personnel news in "Europa Chemie" 1971