Kyoto Prefecture

Kyōto-fu ; 京都府
Basic data
Administrative headquarters :	Kyoto
Region :	Kinki
Main island :	Honshu
Area :	4,612.2 km²
Water content:	1.0 %
Residents :	2,583,140 ; (October 1, 2019)
Population density :	560 inhabitants per km²
Counties :	6th
Municipalities :	26th
ISO 3166-2 :	JP-26
Governor :	Takatoshi Nishiwaki
Website:	www.pref.kyoto.jp
Symbols
Prefecture flag :
Prefecture tree :	Kitayama crescent fir
Prefecture flower :	Cerasus spachiana f. spachiana , Chrysanthemum grandiflorum cv. Saga , Dianthus superbus var. Longicalycinus
Vogel prefecture :	White-faced shearwater

The prefecture of Kyoto ( Japanese 京都府 , Kyōto-fu , in German mostly Kyoto or Kioto ) is one of the prefectures of Japan and is located in the Kansai area on the island of Honshū . The seat of the prefecture administration of Kyoto is the city of the same name Kyōto (Kyōto-shi) , in which more than half of the inhabitants of the Kyoto prefecture also live.

geography

The prefecture of Kyoto is located in the center of the Japanese archipelago and takes 31st place among all Japanese prefectures in terms of area . Its north coast lies on the Sea of Japan . To the northeast lies the Fukui Prefecture , to the east of the prefectures of Shiga and Mie , south of the prefectures Osaka and Nara , and to the west Hyōgo .

politics

Political groups in the prefecture parliament
(as of May 9, 2019)

A total of 60 seats

LDP : 30
KPJ : 12
Fumin club ("Prefectural Citizens Club "; DVP , KDP , non-party): 11

Kōmeitō : 5

Ishin : 2

The former main building of the prefecture administration, built in 1904, was designated an "important cultural asset" of Japan in 2002 .

In the gubernatorial election on April 8, 2018 , the former civil servant Secretary of State for Reconstruction, Takatoshi Nishiwaki, was elected with broad anti-communist support ( LDP , DFP , KDP , Kibō , Kōmeitō ) against the CPJ- backed Kazuhito Fukuyama as the successor to Keiji Yamada , who after four terms as governor from Kyoto no longer competed.

In the regular 60-member prefectural parliament, the Liberal Democratic Party remained the strongest party in the 2019 elections , the Communist Party of Japan lost one seat, but is still clearly the second strongest party. The two ( Kokumin & Rikken ) Democratic parties and the Ishin no Kai recorded slight gains .

In the national parliament , Kyoto is represented by six members of the lower house and four members of the upper house . After the parliamentary elections in 2016 , 2017 , 2019 and the party reshuffles since then, the directly elected Kyoto delegation currently consists of (as of August 2019):

in the lower house
- for the constituency Kyōto 1, which includes central parts of the city of Kyoto: Bunmei Ibuki (LDP, 12th term),
- for constituency 2 with the northeast of the city of Kyoto: Seiji Maehara ( DVP , 9th term of office),
- for constituency 3 with the south of the city of Kyoto and the southwestern suburbs including the city of Nagaoka-kyō: Kenta Izumi (DVP, 7th term of office)
- for constituency 4 with the central part of Kyoto including the northwest of the city of Kyoto and the city of Kameoka: Hideyuki Tanaka (LDP, 3rd term),
- for constituency 5 with the more rural northwest on the Sea of Japan and the cities of Maizuru and Fukuchiyama: Tarō Honda (LDP, 1st term of office), who replaced the Tanigaki family in 2017 , who had represented Kyoto in parliament since 1960,
- for constituency 6 with the communities in the south of Kyoto including the city of Uji: Hiroshi Andō (LDP, 3rd term),
in the upper house
- by 2025
  - Shōji Nishida (LDP, 3rd term),
  - Akiko Kuribayashi ( CPJ , 2nd term), who in 2013 won the first majority electoral seat for the CPY since 1998 in its traditional stronghold,
- until 2022
  - Satoshi Ninoyu (LDP, 3rd term) and
  - Tetsurō Fukuyama ( KDP , 4th term).

Administrative division

In 1868 in the Meiji Restoration , the first -fu and -ken were introduced mainly in the area of the former shogunate / now crown domain, including the former shogunate / imperial cities. The Kyōto prefecture replaced the previous shogunate administrators for the city of Kyoto and the surrounding crown domain ( 京都町奉行 Kyōto-machi-bugyō , 京都代官 Kyōto daikan ).

In 1871 Kyōto was expanded to include most of the provinces of Yamashiro and Tamba through the merger with other prefectures ( former -han ) and the purification of ex- / enclaves . In connection with the reform of the family register , all prefectures were divided into numbered arrondissements ( 大区daiku , literally "large districts") from 1871 onwards . In 1876, Toyooka prefecture was divided into the provinces of Tajima and Tango (+ a small part of Tamba): Tajima went to Hyōgo , Tango to Kyōto, which essentially reached its current borders. In 1878 it was divided into 18 ( reactivated from the Chinese-influenced, ancient administration ) districts (-gun) and three new urban districts (-ku) , of the latter Kamigyō-ku and Shimogyō-ku were the forerunners of the Kyōto-shi, the Fushimi -ku was dissolved again a few years later. (In 1931 the city of Fushimi was incorporated into Kyoto, and today there is again a Fushimi-ku as a municipality , but not within the same boundaries.)

With the introduction of modern communities based on the Prussian model in 1889, the Kyōto prefecture consisted of the independent city of Kyōto (with the two previous city districts as districts), as well as 14 cities and 265 villages in the 18 districts. As a result of incorporations and mergers, the number of municipalities fell from 270 (1920) through 188 (1950) and 63 (1955) to 44 in 1960. Since 2007 the prefecture has consisted of 15 independent cities (- shi ) , ten [district] cities ( chō ) and a village ( mura ), the latter grouped together in six counties. Three of these districts consist of only one municipality each. The city of Kyoto, the seat of the prefectural administration, was one of the six large cities (roku daitoshi) with expanded self-government in 1922 and has been a designated city since 1956 .

In the table below the districts (are 郡 , -gun ) is shown in italics, including each of (engaged) the [circle belonging] cities ( 町 , -chō ) and the village ( 村 , mura ) within it. The dependence of the former rural districts on the remaining municipalities that were once part of the district can be seen in the third position of the local authority code. At the beginning of the table are the independent cities ( 市 , -shi ).

The outline of Kyoto Prefecture
design. Big city	Village
independent city	Town

List of parishes in Kyoto Prefecture
code	Surname		Area (in km²)	population	Population density (inh / km²) ³
code	Rōmaji	Kanji	January 1, 2020	1st October 2019	October 1, 2015 ³
26100	Kyoto- shi	京都市	827.83	1,466,264	1,475,183	1781.99
26201	Fukuchiyama- shi	福知山市	552.54	76,677	78,935	142.86
26202	Maizuru- shi	舞鶴市	342.13	79,886	83,990	245.49
26203	Ayabe- shi	綾部市	347.1	32.164	33,821	97.44
26204	Uji- shi	宇治市	67.54	180.975	184,678	2734.35
26205	Miyazu- shi	宮津市	172.74	17,044	18,426	106.67
26206	Kameoka- shi	亀岡市	224.8	87.005	89,479	398.04
26207	Jōyō- shi	城陽市	32.71	74,779	76,869	2350.02
26208	Muko- shi	向日市	7.72	56,415	53,380	6914.51
26209	Nagaokakyō- shi	長岡京市	19.17	80,514	80,090	4177.88
26210	Yawata- shi	八幡市	24.35	70.931	72,664	2984.15
26211	Kyōtanabe- shi	京田辺市	42.92	73,690	70,835	1650.4
26212	Kyōtango- shi	京丹後市	501.44	51,813	55.054	109.79
26213	Nantan- shi	南丹市	616.4	31,816	33,145	53.77
26214	Kizugawa- shi	木津川市	85.13	76,893	72,840	855.63
26300	Otokuni-gun	乙訓郡	5.97		15,181	2542.88
26303	Ōyamazaki-chō	大山崎町	5.97	15,704	15,181	2542.88
26320	Kuse-gun	久世郡	13.86		15,805	1140.33
26322	Kumiyama-cho	久御山町	13.86	15,399	15,805	1140.33
26340	Tsuzuki-gun	綴喜郡	76.21		17,229	226.07
26343	Ide-cho	井手町	18.04	7553	7910	438.47
26344	Ujitawara-chō	宇治田原町	58.16	8942	9319	160.23
26360	Sōraku-gun	相楽郡	178.24		44,352	248.83
26364	Kasagi-cho	笠置町	23.52	1178	1368	58.16
26365	Wazuka-cho	和束町	64.93	3585	3956	60.93
26366	Seika-cho	精華町	25.68	36,226	36,376	1416.51
26367	Minamiyamashiro-mura	南山城村	64.11	2427	2652	41.37
26400	Funai gun	船井郡	303.09		14,453	47.69
26407	Kyōtamba-chō	京丹波町	303.09	13,153	14,453	47.69
26460	Yosa-gun	与謝郡	170.33		23,944	140.57
26463	Ine-cho	伊根町	61.95	1910	2110	34.06
26465	Yosano-cho	与謝野町	108.38	20,197	21,834	201.46

Shi-bu (proportion of urban districts)	市部	3,864.5	2,464,270	2,479,389	641.58
Gun-bu (proportion of counties)	郡部	747.7	127.509	130.964	175.16

26000	Kyōto-fu	京都府	4,612.2	2,583,140	2,610,353	565.97

Note: There is an area of unknown parish between the independent cities of Miyazu, Kyōtango and the city of Ine.

swell

³ Results of the 2015 census

Population development in the prefecture

Census population
Census - year	Total population	male population	female population	Gender ratio men to 1000 women	Area in km ²	Population density per km ²
1920	1,287,147	650.780	636.367	1023	4558.62	282.4
1925	1,406,382	717.464	688.918	1041	4558.62	308.5
1930	1,552,832	792.420	760.412	1042	4623.20	335.9
1935	1,702,508	862.998	839.510	1028	4621.20	368.4
1940	1,729,993	863.494	866.499	997	4621.20	374.4
1945	1,603,796	752.494	851.302	884	4621.20	347.1
1950	1,832,934	891.616	941,318	947	4632.42	395.7
1955	1,935,161	944.278	990.883	953	4633.61	417.6
1960	1,993,403	973.040	1,020,363	954	4612.07	432.2
1965	2,102,808	1,028,073	1,074,735	957	4612.20	455.9
1970	2,250,087	1,102,011	1,148,076	960	4612.26	487.9
1975	2,424,856	1,190,854	1,234,002	965	4612.79	525.7
1980	2,527,330	1,238,365	1,288,965	961	4612.84	547.9
1985	2,586,574	1,264,035	1,322,539	956	4612.90	560.7
1990	2,602,460	1,267,620	1,334,840	950	4612.19	564.3
1995	2,629,592	1,276,838	1,352,754	944	4612.39	570.1
2000	2,644,391	1,278,142	1,366,249	936	4612.94	573.3
2005	2,647,660	1,272,993	1,374,667	926	4613.00	574.0
2010	2,636,092	1,265,387	1,370,705	923	4613.21	571.4
2015	2,610,353	1,248,972	1,361,381	917	4612.19	566.0

Largest independent cities

Former and existing independent cities (-shi)
Census year	Residents
2015	2010	2005	2000	1995	1990
Kyoto	1,475,183	1,474,015	1,474,811	1,467,785	1,463,822	1,461,103
Fukuchiyama	78,935	79,652	67,858	68,098	66,761	66.506
Maizuru	83,990	88,669	91,733	94.050	94,784	96,333
Ayabe	33,821	35,836	37,755	38,881	39,981	40,595
Uji	184,678	189,609	189,591	189,112	184,830	177.010
Miyazu	18,426	19,948	21,512	23,276	24,937	26,450
Kameoka	89,479	92,399	93.996	94,555	92,398	85.283
Joyo	76,869	80.037	81,636	84,346	85,398	84,770
Muko	53,380	54,328	55.041	53,425	53,290	52,928
Nagaokakyō	80,090	79,844	78,335	77,846	78,697	77.191
Yawata	72,664	74,227	74,252	73,682	75,779	75,758
Kyōtanabe	70,835	67,910	64.008	59,577	——	——
Kyōtango	55.054	59,038	62,723	——	——	——
Nantan	33,145	35.214	——	——	——	——
Kizugawa	72,840	69,761	——	——	——	——

April 1, 1997 - The small town of Tanabe is elevated to the status of an independent city of Kyōtanabe .
April 1, 2004 - The independent city of Kyōtango is formed from six parishes.
January 1, 2006 - The independent city of Nantan is formed from four parishes.
March 12, 2007 - The independent city of Kizugawa is formed from three parishes.

Partnerships

The prefecture of Kyoto has five regional and city partnerships: with the Chinese province of Shaanxi , with the Indonesian special region of Yogyakarta , with the US state of Oklahoma , with the Russian Oblast Leningrad and with the Scottish city of Edinburgh . There is also an economic and environmental cooperation with the Italian region of Tuscany .

police

The headquarters of the Kyoto Prefectural Police in the Kamigyō District of Kyoto City

A prefectural police patrol car at Jidai-Matsuri

A police car of the palace police in Kyoto

The prefecture police of Kyoto ( Kyōto-fukeisatsu , 京都府警察 , short Kyōto-fukei , 京都府警 , or in a clear context only fukei , 府警 ) has existed in its current form since 1954, when the new police law, which was previously strongly decentralized during the occupation, partially Bundled police organizations at the community level in prefecture police forces. As in all prefectures, it operates under the supervision of the Prefectural Public Security Commission ( Kyōto-fu kōan iinkai , 京都府公安委員会 ). Its five members are in principle appointed by the governor with the consent of parliament, two are appointed by the mayor and parliament of the city of Kyoto, which as a designated city has special say. For national coordination, training and equipment, the Kyōto Police Department is assigned to the Kinki Regional Police Department ( Kinki kanku keisatsukyoku , 近畿管区 der) of the national police authority . With over 6,000 police officers, the Kyōto police force is already significantly smaller than the largest prefecture police force, but is still one of the larger in a national comparison and is disproportionately large in relation to the number of inhabitants. There are 25 police stations in Kyoto, twelve of which are in the city of Kyoto, and over 180 urban and over 100 rural police houses ( kōban , 交番 , and chūzaisho , 駐在所 ).

The palace police ( kōgū keisatsu , 皇宮警察 , English Imperial Guard ), which is also responsible in Kyōto for the protection of the imperial palace, the imperial villas and possibly the imperial family and their guests and maintains its own precinct, is part of the national Police department.

traffic

Through the Tōkaidō Shinkansen of the JR Tōkai , the city of Kyoto is connected to the high-speed rail network, parallel to the Tōkaidō main line of the JR Nishi-Nihon . Also in the south, several lines of the JR Nishi-Nihon and private railways (Keihan, Hankyū, Kintetsu) connect Kyoto with the rest of the Keihanshin metropolitan area. The San'in main line runs from the city of Kyōto to the northwest of the prefecture and on to Hyōgo , in the city of Ayabe it meets the Maizuru line in the city of the same name, Maizuru, from there the Obama line runs eastwards to Fukui. An important private railway in the northwest of Kyōto is the Kyōto Tango Railway of Willer Trains , which today operates the Miyazu Line of the former state railway.

The Meishin highway connects the city of Kyoto with Nagoya and Osaka, around the city through the south of the Keiji Bypass (legally a toll expressway or "B-route"). The Kyōto transversal highway ( Kyōto jūkan jidōshadō ; also "B-route") leads to Maizuru in the northwest, where the Maizuru-Wakasa highway connects with Fukui and the north of Hyōgo.

The only prefecture-wide license plate used in Kyōto is Kyōto.

There is no major airport in Kyoto; the Osaka and Kansai International Airports and the Kobe Airport are located in the neighboring prefectures of Osaka and Hyōgo.