List of gay epithets

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The list of homo- epithets (the epithets of the Latin word homo "human") includes all expressions that are composed of the Latin noun homo ("human") and a specifying adjective or noun. These include, on the one hand, the names of the species of the genus Homo , which goes back to the epoch-making taxonomic naming by Carl von Linné in 1758, and, on the other hand, compositions formed subsequently that denote anthropological characteristics of humans or merely represent keywords of different origins.

List of species in the genus Homo

Latin name translation Originator / origin Explanation
Homo antecessor † Forerunner human José María Bermúdez de Castro et al., 1997 Interpreted by its discoverers as a possible precursor of the Neanderthals
Homo erectus † Upright man Eugène Dubois , 1892 When named the first known, early ancestor of modern humans with an upright, two-legged gait
Homo ergaster † Working man Colin Groves and Vratislav Mazák , 1975 Early form of Homo erectus that lived in Africa
Homo floresiensis † Man from Flores Peter Brown et al., 2004 " Island dwarfing " (probably Homo erectus ) living on the Indonesian island of Flores until approx. 12,000 years ago
Homo heidelbergensis † Man from Heidelberg Otto Schoetensack , 1908 Named after the location of the first fossil ( lower jaw of Mauer ) in Mauer near Heidelberg
Homo habilis † Skilled person Richard Leakey , 1964 If named the oldest known, early ancestor of man with the ability to make and use stone tools
Homo luzonensis † Luzon man Florent Détroit et al., 2019 Named after the site in the Callao Cave on the Philippine island of Luzon
Homo naledi † Man from the star cave Lee Berger et al., 2015 Named after it was found in the Rising Star Cave
Homo neanderthalensis † Man from the Neanderthal William King , 1864 Named after the place where it was found in the Neandertal ; At times also named as a subspecies of Homo sapiens :
Homo sapiens neanderthalensis
Homo rhodesiensis † Human from Rhodesia Arthur Smith Woodward , 1921 Also: Broken Hill Skull; according to today's view an archaic Homo sapiens from Rhodesia , today's Zimbabwe
Homo rudolfensis † People from Rudolfsee Valerii Alexeev , 1986 Named after Lake Rudolf (now: Lake Turkana ) in Kenya
homo sapiens reasonable (understanding, understanding) person Carl von Linné , 1758 The anatomically modern human being (“now human”); at times also called: Homo sapiens sapiens

    †: The species is extinct today

List of palaeoanthropological epithets on Homo (selection)

Not a generally recognized taxon , but only named after the location or other characteristics:

Latin name translation Originator / origin Explanation
Homo calpicus Person from Gibraltar Hugh Falconer , 1864 Proposed name for the skull roof of a Neanderthal man from Gibraltar , derived from the Latin Mons Calpe , the Roman name for the Rock of Gibraltar
Homo capensis Man from the cap Robert Broom , 1917 In 1913, while digging a trench on a farm in the village of Boskop (26 ° 34 'south, 27 ° 07' east), near Potchefstroom in South Africa, a rather large skull was discovered, which was named in 1917 as a type of a new species. The epithet capensis refers to the southern tip of Africa. Dated to the Middle Stone Age , “Boskop Man” is now regarded as an early anatomically modern human ( Homo sapiens ), with a family relationship to the Khoisan .
Homo chapellensis Man from La Chapelle-aux-Saints Hugo von Buttel-Reepen , 1911 Name for the fossil La Chapelle-aux-Saints 1 , a very well preserved skeleton of a Neanderthal man. Buttel-Reepen introduced the species epithet as follows: “A few days before the official excavation of Homo Mousteriensis, three French researchers discovered another on August 3, 1908 in the La Chapelle-aux-Saints grotto near the village of the same name in the neighboring Corrèze department Skeleton of the Neanderthal man, which, for the sake of convenience, I refer to as Homo Chapellensis. ” Homo mousteriensis refers to the Neanderthals from the Le Moustier site .
Homo cepranensis Man from Ceprano Francesco Mallegni et al., 2003 Name of a skull roof, which in Ceprano ( Italy was discovered) and because of his age most likely Homo erectus or Homo heidelbergensis attributable
Homo erectus bilzingslebenensis Upright person from Bilzingsleben Emanuel Vlček , 1978 Fossils attributed to Homo heidelbergensis from the discovery site Bilzingsleben in the north of Thuringia
Homo erectus javanicus Upright person from Java Homo erectus ( Java man ), discovered by Eugène Dubois in 1891 on the Indonesian island of Java ; the first discovery of a fossil of Hominini outside Europe.
Homo erectus lantianensis Upright man from Lantian Homo erectus ( Lantian-Mensch ), skull fragments discovered in 1963/64 in Lantian , China
Homo erectus mauritanicus Upright person from Mauritania Camille Arambourg 1954 Discovered in Algeria and not in Mauritania and initially named Atlanthropus mauritanicus , the fossil is now mostly assigned to Homo erectus .
Homo erectus modjokertensis Upright person from Mojokerto von Koenigswald , 1950 also: Homo modjokertensis ; Finds of the Java man ( Homo erectus ) from the island of Java , Indonesia ; named after the city of Mojokerto (old spelling: Modjokerto)
Homo erectus narmadensis Upright man from Narmada Arun Sonakia , 1984 The oldest fossil discovered in India , see below, Homo narmadensis
Homo erectus reilingensis Upright person from Reilingen Finds of Homo erectus and Homo heidelbergensis from Reilingen ( Baden-Württemberg )
Homo erectus tautavelensis Upright person from Tautavel Finds of Homo erectus from the cave of Arago near Tautavel , southern France
Homo erectus soloensis Upright person from the solo (river) Finds of the Java man ( Homo erectus ) from the island of Java , Indonesia ; named after the river Solo (see: Homo soloensis )
Homo florisbadensis Florisbad man Matthew Robertson Drennan, 1937 1932 in Florisbad, South Africa, discovered by Thomas Frederick Dreyer and in 1935 named by him as "Homo helmei" (see below), for which 1937 the anatomist Matthew Robertson Drennan suggested an alternative name. Initially estimated at 40,000 years, the fossil was Florisbad 1 (also: Florisbad Skull ) dated 1996 to 259,000 ± 35,000 years and as early archaic Homo sapiens interpreted
Homo gautengensis Person from Gauteng Darren Curnoe, 2010 Fossils from Gauteng ( South Africa ) with unclear assignment to the genus Homo ( Homo habilis? ) Or Australopithecus ( Australopithecus africanus? )
Homo georgicus Person from Georgia Léo Gabounia et al., 2002 Fossils from the genus Homo , found in 1991 in Dmanissi , Georgia ; oldest fossils discovered outside of Africa from the hominini circle , dated 1.75 to 1.8 million years ago; Since 2013 as Homo erectus ergaster georgicus referred
Homo grimaldii Grimaldi human Georges Vacher de Lapouge , 1905-06 The epithet grimaldii refers to Albert I (Monaco) , who financed excavations in several caves near Ventimiglia around 1900 . These caves were then in honor of the house Grimaldi as Grimaldi caves called. The two skeletons of the “Grimaldi people” found there in 1901 are a little over 20,000 years old and belong to anatomically modern humans ( Homo sapiens ).
Homo helmei Helmes man Thomas Frederick Dreyer, 1935 Skull fragment discovered by TF Dreyer in 1932 in Florisbad, South Africa, which was named RE Helme after his sponsor in 1935 (rarely also: "Homo florisbadensis"); initially estimated at 40,000 years, which was Florisbad Skull (also: Florisbad 1) dated 1996 to 259,000 ± 35,000 years and as early archaic Homo sapiens interpreted
Homo kanamensis Man from Kanam Louis Leakey , 1935 Kanam is an archaeological site near Lake Victoria in Kenya (0 ° 21 'South, 34 ° 30' East) where Juma Gitau, a local assistant to Louis Leakey, discovered a fragment of a fossil lower jaw in 1932, which was identified by Leakey in 1935 as Holotype of Homo kanamensis has been determined. Dating uncertain, belonging to a certain species uncertain.
Homo leakeyi Leakeys human Gerhard Heberer , 1963 The award was given to Louis Leakey , who discovered the fossil OH 9 ("Chellean Man"), which is covered with this epithet, in 1960 in the Olduvai Gorge . Today Homo erectus or Homo ergaster
Homo mauritanicus Person from Mauritania Camille Arambourg 1954 The fossil, which was not discovered in Mauritania , but in Algeria was first named Atlanthropus mauritanicus . Today, it is usually to Homo erectus made or as Homo erectus mauritanicus referred
Homo modjokertensis Person from Mojokerto von Koenigswald , 1936 also: Homo erectus modjokertensis ; Finds of the Java man ( Homo erectus ) from the island of Java , Indonesia ; named after the city of Mojokerto (old spelling: Modjokerto)
Homo narmadensis Man from Narmada Anek R. Sankhyan, 2013 The oldest fossil of a Homo erectus discovered in India , found on the banks of the Narmada River near Hathnora, in today's state of Madhya Pradesh . First described in 1984 by Arun Sonakia , named "provisionally" in 2013 with its own art epithet.
Homo pekinensis Peking man Davidson Black , 1927 Homo erectus , discovered in a cave near Zhoukoudian , a modern suburb of Beijing , People's Republic of China . Initially named as "Sinanthropus pekinensis", later assigned to Homo .
Homo platyops Flat-faced person Meave Leakey et al., 2001 and Cela-Conde and Ayala, 2003 Not generally accepted name suggestion for the skull Fund KNM-WT 40000, which by its discoverers kenyanthropus named
Homo primigenius Original human Ernst Haeckel , 1868 Name for a hypothetical "prehistoric man", with which Neanderthal finds were also used at times
Homo saldanensis Man of Saldanha Mathew R. Drennan, 1955 Saldanha is an archaeological site in the Saldanha community in South Africa. The roof of the skull Saldanha 1 , discovered in 1953 and named in 1955 as a holotype of a newly introduced species, is now ascribed to Homo rhodesiensis .
Homo sapiens balangodensis Wise Man from Balangoda PEPAR Deraniyagala, 1955 Skeletal finds from modern humans who lived in Sri Lanka 12,000 years ago
Homo sapiens idaltu Wise Idaltu man Fossils from Ethiopia dated to between 160,000 and 154,000 years ago; Idaltu = "tribal elder" in the language of the Afar
Homo sapiens proto-sapiens Wise primal man George Montandon, 1943 The Swanscombe skull was identified as the holotype of this subspecies - ultimately not recognized by the experts .
Homo soloensis Person from the Solo (river) Willem Oppennoorth, 1932 Finds of the Java man ( Homo erectus ) from the island of Java , Indonesia ; named after the river Solo
Homo spelaeus Caveman Georges Vacher de Lapouge , 1899 Proposed name for "the race of the Cro-Magnon" (Race de Cro-Magnon), that is, for the eponymous fossil Cro-Magnon 1 of the Cro-Magnon people .
Homo spyensis Spy man Wilhelm Krause , 1909 The epithet spyensis refers to the municipality of Spy in Belgium (now part of Jemeppe-sur-Sambre ) and was suggested for the fossil Spy 1 , a Neanderthal find from 1886.
Homo steinheimensis Person from Steinheim Fritz Berckhemer , 1936 Name for a fossil skull that was found in Steinheim an der Murr in 1933 ; Intermediate stage between Homo heidelbergensis and Homo neanderthalensis . The name Homo steinheimensis was introduced by Berckheimer in passing in Note 2 on p. 350 and in the explanations to the figures.
Homo transvaalensis Transvaal man Ernst Mayr , 1950 also: Plesianthropus transvaalensis ("Fast man from Transvaal "); outdated name for finds from South Africa , now called Australopithecus africanus are called

Paleoanthropological Curiosa

Latin name translation Originator / origin Explanation
Homo diluvii testis The man who witnessed the flood Johann Jacob Scheuchzer , 1726 Name for a fossil from Öhningen by the naturalist Scheuchzer, who first recognized Georges Cuvier as a salamander.

List of philosophical-anthropological and other epithets on Homo

Only epithets are listed here. Longer expressions and whole sentences can be found in the list of Latin phrases .

Latin name translation Originator / origin Explanation
Homo absconditus The hidden person Helmuth Plessner Analogy to deus absconditus
Homo academicus The academic person Pierre Bourdieu , 1984 Title of a sociological study in which Pierre Bourdieu deals with the hierarchies and social structures within French universities and colleges
Homo aestheticus The perceiving, aesthetic person Luc Ferry , 1990; Ellen Dissanayake , 1992 A sense of beauty, taste, creating and enjoying art
Homo ambitiosus The ambitious person Wilhelm Gerloff
Homo amans The loving person Viktor Frankl ; Humberto Maturana , 2008 Man as a lover
Homo aquamportans The water-carrying man (man as a water-carrier) Andreas Rauchegger ; Title of a cultural anthropological study on the relevance of the act of carrying water to ensure the supply of drinking and industrial water. Seen globally, there will be no water security without such routes and carrying routes. This also applies to the European cultural area.
Homo aquaticus The person living in the water Alister Hardy ;
Jacques-Yves Cousteau , late 1970s;
recorded by Dougal Dixon : Man After Man: An Anthropology of the Future (1990) 		Name of people living in water according to Hardy's water monkey theory ; Cousteau's futuristic vision of the gill-breathing human being
Homo balcanicus The Balkan man Eastern European history, by analogy with Homo sovieticus
Homo bene figuratus The well-formed person Vitruvius The person with an ideal relationship between the body parts
Homo biologicus The biological man Charles Elworthy humans as being shaped by evolutionary adaptations to their environment
Homo bulla Man as a bubble Marcus Terentius Varro man bursts as easily as a soap bubble; see Homo bulla in the list of Latin phrases
Homo cerebralisatus The person determined by his brain Markus Plankensteiner
Homo clausus The trapped person Norbert Elias a term introduced in sociology for a person whose "inside" is closed off from the "outside world"
Homo consumens The consuming person Erich Fromm , 1969
Homo cooperativus The collaborative person comes from environmental economics
Homo creator The creative man Michael Landmann , 1955;
Wilhelm Emil Mühlmann , 1962 		Creator - Creativity and Creativity
Homo culturalis The culture-forming person Social and Economic Sciences
Homo demens The mad man Edgar Morin , 1975;
Konrad Lorenz 		only being with delusional ideas
Homo Deus The godlike man Yuval Noah Harari , 2016 The non-fiction book Homo Deus - A Story of Tomorrow discusses what could happen if human beings were given 'godlike' abilities through artificial intelligence.
Homo discens The learner Werner Loch (1967)
Heinrich Roth ,
Theodor Wilhelm 		Ability and necessity to learn and be taught into old age
Homo divinans The prophesying man Ernst Cassirer refers to the animist tradition of thought
Homo educandus The person in need of education Heinrich Roth, 1966; Dimitrios Liantinis Need to be educated
Homo educabilis The educable person Educational science following the designation Homo educandus coined by Heinrich Roth Ability to be educated
Homo egualis Herbert Gintis
Homo europaeus The European and no longer nationally oriented and professionally educated person Kuhn / Sultana, 2006
Homo excentricus The person standing outside of himself Helmuth Plessner , 1928 Ability to objectify, to think about oneself
Homo excelsior The higher man Transhumanism Improving the human species through the use of technological processes
Homo faber The handicraft, creative person Benjamin Franklin ,
Karl Marx ,
Kenneth P. Oakley , 1949;
Max Scheler ,
Max Frisch , 1957: Homo faber (novel) ; Homo Faber (film) 		Creation and design, manufacture and use of tools
Homo falsus The wrong person Jan Kjærstad , 1984 Title of a novel by Jan Kjærstad from 1984, which is often cited as the first example of its genre
Homo ferus The wild man Carl von Linné Wolf child
Homo generosus The generous person Tor Nørretranders , Generous Man
Homo grammaticus The grammatical person Frank Palmer , 1971 Using grammar, double structuring of language (through words and sentences)
Homo heroicus The heroic man Eastern European history
Homo hierarchicus The hierarchical person Louis Dumont Man as hierarchies-forming nature, from the French anthropologist Louis Dumont in the Indian caste system demonstrated
Homo historicus The historical researcher Christophe Charle
Homo humanus The human man Martin Heidegger
Homo hygienicus The healthy person Alfons Labisch , 1989
Homo imitans The imitative man Andrew N. Meltzoff , 1988,
Jürgen Lethmate , 1992 		Ability to imitate a broad spectrum of behavior (as a basis for tradition and cultural education)
Homo incurvatus in se The man bent on himself Augustine , Martin Luther Prominent formula of Christian theology to characterize the self-centeredness of humans instead of love of God and neighbor as the essence of sin
Homo inermis The defenseless person Johann Friedrich Blumenbach , 1779;
Johann Gottfried Herder , 1784–1791,
Arnold Gehlen , 1940 		Humans as deficient beings, defenseless, instinctively abandoned
Homo insciens The ignorant man Ortega y Gasset See Homo insipiens
Homo insipiens The stupid man Ortega y Gasset ; Josef Rattner , Gerhard Danzer
Homo investigans The researching person Werner Luck , 1976;
Hans Mohr , 1985 		lifelong curiosity, science and research
Homo islamicus The Islamic man current Islam debate The term used to describe the change in the perception of Muslims since the 19th century as people who are essentially different from the Western mentality
Homo laborans The working man ( Karl Marx );
Theodor Litt , 1948 		Division of labor, specialization
Homo loquax The talkative person Henri Bergson , 1943; Tom Wolfe (2006), also in A Canticle for Leibowitz (1960). a parody of man's destiny as homo loquens
Homo loquens The speaking person (Johann Gottfried Herder 1772),
Johann Friedrich Blumenbach 1779;
Philosophy of language
Homo ludens The person playing ( Friedrich Schiller 1795);
Johan Huizinga , 1938
Homo mediaticus The media person Media studies
Homo magicus also: homo magus The magically thinking and acting person Wilhelm Emil Mühlmann
Homo mendax The lying man Goes back to the biblical statement: omnis homo mendax ( Ps 116 (115), 11), extstet autem Deus verax, omnis autem homo mendax ( Rom 3,4)
Homo mensura Man as a measure Protagoras The complete sentence of Protagoras in: Homo-Mensura sentence in the list of Greek phrases
Homo metaphysicus The metaphysical man Arthur Schopenhauer , 1819
Homo natura Man as nature Friedrich Nietzsche , Beyond Good and Evil
Homo necans The killing man Walter Burkert , 1985
Homo novus The new man Roman antiquity in Latin a person who has worked his way up to the Roman upper class
Homo oecologicus The ecological man Eckhard Meinberg
Homo oeconomicus The economic man ( Adam Smith , 1776);
Max Weber ,
Richard B. McKenzie ,
Gordon Tullock
Social and Economic Sciences
Homo parochius The person belonging to a community Herbert Gintis , Game Theory Evolving The group egoistic person; man as a being who prefers members of his own group over members of other groups
Homo patiens The suffering person Viktor Frankl , 1988 Suffering and interpreting illness
Homo pictor The painting man Hans Jonas , 1961 Sculptor - artist, aesthetic design
Homo politicus The political man Aristotle goes back to Greek  ζῷον πολιτικόν zóon politikón , Latin : animal sociale
Homo pulsans The pulsating person Medical usage Medical name for a symptom of aortic regurgitation
Homo reciprocans The replying man Social and Economic Sciences Opposite pole to the classical model of thought of Homo economicus
Homo religiosus The religious man Alister Hardy ; Mircea Eliade Term from the field of religious anthropology
Homo ridens The laughing person GB Milner , 1969
Homo sacer The holy man Roman law , Giorgio Agamben , Enzo Traverso The legal status of the homo sacer referred to in Roman law an outlaw person who could be killed with impunity. In the modern discussion the term is applied to lawless and stateless migrants and refugees.
Homo sentimentalis The sentimental person Milan Kundera , Immortality (1990), Eugene Halton , Bereft of Reason: On the Decline of Social Thought and Prospects for Its Renewal (1995). Man as a member of an emotional civilization
Homo sexualis The sexual man Andrej Poleev, Journal Enzymes, ISSN  1867-3317 Man as a sexualized being
Homo signorum The (zodiac) sign man Astrology, Medieval and Renaissance Medicine The zodiac man, the pictorial representation of premodern, astrology-based medicine, which assigned the twelve zodiac signs and their influence to the regions of the human body
Homo societatis The man of society Pietism , Enlightenment originated from the longing for peace in the period after the Thirty Years' War, it is used to describe people who were looking for a new togetherness to bridge national and religious borders.
Homo sociologicus The sociological man Max Weber , Ralf Dahrendorf
Homo socius Man as a companion Peter Berger & Thomas Luckmann: The Social Construction of Reality (1966) The human being as a social being
Homo sovieticus The Soviet man Alexander Alexandrovich Zinoviev Concept creation to characterize the change of people under the Soviet system towards opportunism
Homo superior The superman Friedrich Nietzsche , in National Socialism or in science fiction
Homo sustinens The enduring person Bernd Siebenhüner
Homo symbolicus The symbolic man Ernst Cassirer , 1944 Making, interpreting and using symbols; also: animal symbolicum
Homo technologicus The technological man Yves Gingras Manufacture, interpretation and use of technology to rule the world
Homo utopicus The utopian man Erik Zyber
Homo viator The traveling man Gabriel Marcel , 1945 Man on the way to God
Homo videns The seeing person Giovanni Sartori Title of a book by Giovanni Sartori on the relationship between the media and contemporary society
Homo Vitruvianus The Vitruvian Man Art history Depiction of a man with outstretched extremities in two superimposed positions after Leonardo da Vinci

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Bernard Wood : Wiley-Blackwell Encyclopedia of Human Evolution. Wiley-Blackwell, 2011, p. 281, ISBN 978-1-4051-5510-6 .
  2. ^ Robert Broom : Fossil Man in South Africa. In: The American Museum Journal. Volume 17, 1917, pp. 141-142.
  3. ↑ Hugo von Buttel-Reepen : The primitive man before and during the Ice Age in Europe. In: Scientific weekly. Volume 26 (= New Series, Volume 10), No. 12, 1911, p. 198.
  4. ↑ Francesco Mallegni, Emiliano Carnieri, Michelangelo Bisconti, Giandonato Tartarelli, Stefano Ricci, Italo Biddittu and Aldo Segre: Homo cepranensis sp. nov. and the evolution of African-European Middle Pleistocene hominids. In: Comptes Rendus Palevol. Volume 2, No. 2, 2003, pp. 153-159, doi: 10.1016 / S1631-0683 (03) 00015-0
  5. ^ Emanuel Vlček : A new discovery of Homo erectus in central Europe. In: Journal of Human Evolution. Volume 7, No. 3, 1978, pp. 239-242, IN3-IN4 and 243-251, doi: 10.1016 / S0047-2484 (78) 80115-8
  6. ↑ Arambourg, C .: Récentes découvertes de paleontologie humaine réalisées en Afrique du Nord française (L'Atlanthropus de Ternifine - L'Hominien de Casablanca). In: Third Panafrican Congress on Prehistory . Livingstone 1955, Clark, JD et Cole, S., (Eds.), London, Chatto & Windus, 1957, pp. 186-194
  7. ^ GHR von Koenigswald: Fossil hominds from the lower Pleistocene of Java. In: Reports of the 18th session, International Geological Congress, Great Britain, 1948, part IX. London 1950, pp. 59-61
  8. ↑ GHR von Koenigswald: A fossil hominid from the Altpleistocän Ostjavas. In: De Ingenieur in Nederlandsch-Indie , IV. Mijbouw & Geologie, De Mijningenieur Jaargang III (8), 1936, pp. 149–157
  9. ↑ Arun Sonakia : The skull-cap of early man and associated mammalian fauna from Narmada valley alluvium, Hoshangabad area, Madhya Pradesh (India). In: Records of the Geological Survey of India. Volume 113, No. 6, 1984, pp. 159-172.
  10. ^ Matthew Robertson Drennan: The Florisbad skull and braincast. In: Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa. Volume 25, 1937, pp. 103-14.
  11. ↑ Darren Curnoe: A review of early Homo in southern Africa focusing on cranial, mandibular and dental remains, with the description of a new species (Homo gautengensis sp. Nov.). In: HOMO - Journal of Comparative Human Biology , Volume, No. 3, 2010, pp. 151–177, doi: 10.1016 / j.jchb.2010.04.002
  12. ↑ Léo Gabounia, Marie-Antoinette de Lumley, Abesalom Vekua, David Lordkipanidze , Henry de Lumley: decouvert d'un nouvel hominid à Dmanisi (Transcaucasie, Géorgie). In: Comptes Rendus Palevol , Volume 1, 2002, pp. 243-253, doi: 10.1016 / S1631-0683 (02) 00032-5
  13. ↑ Georges Vacher de Lapouge : The racial history of the French nation. In: Political-Anthropological Review. 4th year, No. 1, 1905-06, pp. 16-24.
  14. ↑ Thomas Frederick Dreyer: A human skull from Florisbad, Orange Free State, with a note on the endocranial cast. In: Proc. Sect. Sci. Con. Akad. Wetensch. Amsterdam. Volume 38, pp. 119-128.
  15. ↑ Louis Leakey : The Stone Age Races of Kenya. Oxford University Press, H. Milford, London 1935, pp. 9-24.
  16. ^ Gerhard Heberer : About a new archantropine type from the Oldoway gorge. In: Journal of Morphology and Anthropology. Volume 53, 1963, pp. 171-177.
    The name Homo leakeyi was picked up ten years later by Bernard G. Campbell: A new taxonomy of fossil man. In: Yearbook of Physical Anthropology. Volume 17, 1973, pp. 194-201.
  17. ↑ Arambourg, C .: Récentes découvertes de paleontologie humaine réalisées en Afrique du Nord française (L'Atlanthropus de Ternifine - L'Hominien de Casablanca). In: Third Panafrican Congress on Prehistory . Livingstone 1955, Clark, JD et Cole, S., (Eds.), London, Chatto & Windus, 1957, pp. 186-194
  18. ↑ GHR von Koenigswald: A fossil hominid from the Altpleistocän Ostjavas. In: De Ingenieur in Nederlandsch-Indie , IV. Mijbouw & Geologie, De Mijningenieur Jaargang III (8), 1936, pp. 149–157
  19. ^ GHR von Koenigswald: Fossil hominds from the lower Pleistocene of Java. In: Reports of the 18th session, International Geological Congress, Great Britain, 1948, part IX. London 1950, pp. 59-61
  20. ↑ Anek R. Sankhyan: The Emergence of Homo sapiens in South Asia: The Central Narmada Valley as Witness. In: Human Biology Review. Volume 2, No. 2, 2013, pp. 136–152, full text (PDF)
  21. ↑ Arun Sonakia : The skull-cap of early man and associated mammalian fauna from Narmada valley alluvium, Hoshangabad area, Madhya Pradesh (India). In: Records of the Geological Survey of India. Volume 113, No. 6, 1984, pp. 159-172.
  22. ↑ Davidson Black : On a Lower Molar Hominid Tooth From the Chou Kou Tien Deposit. In: Paleontologia Sinica. Series D, volume. 7 Fascicle I, 1927
  23. ↑ Meave G. Leakey, Fred Spoor, Frank H. Brown, Patrick N. Gathogo, Christopher Kiarie, Louise N. Leakey and Ian McDougall : New hominin genus from eastern Africa shows diverse middle Pliocene lineages. In: Nature . Volume 410, 2001, pp. 433-440, doi: 10.1038 / 35068500
  24. ^ Camilo J. Cela-Conde, Francisco J. Ayala Ayala: Genera of the human lineage. In: PNAS . Volume 100, No. 13, 2003, pp. 7684-7689, doi: 10.1073 / pnas.0832372100
  25. ↑ Ernst Haeckel : Natural history of creation. Commonly understood scientific lectures on the theory of evolution in general and that of Darwin, Goethe and Lamarck in particular, on the application of these to the origin of man and other related fundamental questions of natural science. Berlin, Georg Reimer 1868, Chapter 19 ( full text )
  26. ^ Matthew R. Drennan: The special features and status of the Saldanha skull. In: American Journal of Physical Anthropology. Volume 13, No. 4, 1955, pp. 625-634, doi: 10.1002 / ajpa.1330130406 , full text
  27. ↑ Pepar Deraniyagala: Some aspects of the prehistory of Ceylon. Part IV: Some skeletal remains, implements and food of Balangoda Man. In: Spolia Zeylanica. Volume 27, No. 2, 1955, pp. 295-303.
  28. ↑ George Montandon: L'homme préhistorique et les préhumanes. Payot, Paris 1943
  29. ^ WFF Oppennoorth: Homo (Javanthropus) soloensis: een plistocene Mensch van Java. In: Wetenschappelijke medeligen Dienst van den Mijnbrouw in Nederlandsch-Indië , Volume 20, 1932, p. 49 ff.
  30. ^ Georges Vacher de Lapouge : L'Aryen, son rôle social. Cours libre de science politique, professé à l'Université de Montpellier (1889–1890). Ancienne Librairie Thorin et Fils, Paris 1899, p. 178, digitized .
  31. ^ Wilhelm Krause : Anatomy of the human races. In: Karl Heinrich von Bardeleben (Hrsg.): Handbuch der Anatomie des Menschen. Volume 1, No. 3, Verlag von Gustav Fischer, Jena 1909
  32. ↑ Fritz Berckhemer : The prehistoric human skull from the Wische Ice Age river gravel from Steinheim an der Murr. In: Researches and Advances. News bulletin of the German science and technology. Volume 12, No. 28, Berlin 1936, pp. 349-350.
  33. ^ Ernst Mayr : Taxonomic categories in fossil hominids. In: Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology 1950 , Volume 15, 1950, pp. 109-118, doi: 10.1101 / SQB.1950.015.01.013
  34. ↑ See Helmuth Plessner: Homo absconditus. In: ders., Gesammelte Schriften VIII , Frankfurt 1983, pp. 353–366; Erik Zyber: Homo absconditus. In: Homo Utopicus. Utopia in the light of philosophical anthropology. Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg 2007 (Trier Studies on Cultural Philosophy, Volume 15), ISBN 3-8260-3550-X , pp. 160ff., Google books: [1]
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  36. ^ Wilhelm Bernsdorf: Internationales Soziologenlexikon, Vol. 2, Transaction Publishers, 1980, ISBN 3-432-82652-4 , pp. 143-144: Wilhelm Gerloff , Google books: [4]
  37. ^ Karlheinz Biller, Maria de Lourdes Stiegeler: Dictionary of Logotherapy and Existential Analysis by Viktor Emil Frankl. Böhlau Verlag, Vienna 2008, ISBN 978-3-205-77755-7 . Google Books: [5]
  38. ↑ Andreas Rauchegger: The Homo aquamportans. Water carrier - water seller - water teller. A contribution to the historical drinking and industrial water supply in the European cultural area. Studia Verlag, Innsbruck 2014, ISBN 978-3-902652-94-2 .
  39. ↑ Alister Hardy's original "Aquatic ape theory"
  40. ↑ See Geoff Schumacher Jacques Cousteau's 'Homo aquaticus'
  41. ↑ Cf. Petar Dzadzic: Homo Balcanicus, homo heroicus. BIGZ 1987 (in Croatian); Manfred Sapper, Volker Weichsel (eds.): The I and the Power: Sketches for Homo heroicus and Homo sovieticus. BWV Berlin Science, 2008 (Eastern Europe Berlin, Vol. 12)
  42. ^ Charles Elworthy: Homo Biologicus: An Evolutionary Model for the Human Sciences. Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1993.
  43. ↑ See Markus Plankensteiner: Homo cerebralisatus. The evolution of the human brain. An attempt at a design. Verlag Die Blaue Eule, Essen 1992 (also: Diss. Vienna 1991), ISBN 3-89206-483-0 .
  44. ↑ Erich Fromm: The psychological and spiritual problems of abundance, Salzburg, 1969. Google books: [6]
  45. ↑ See for example Stephan Panther, Hans G. Nutzinger: Homo oeconomicus vs. homo culturalis: culture as a challenge to economics. ( Memento from May 16, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 302 kB)
  46. ↑ Werner Loch: Homo Discens. In: J. Peege (ed.): Contacts with business education . Neustadt / Aisch: Schmidt 1967, pp. 135–146
  47. ^ Ernst Cassirer: Form und Technik (1930), reprinted in: Essays and small writings (1927-1931) , Volume 3. Ed. Tobias Berben, Birgit Recki . Meiner Verlag, Hamburg, 2004, ISBN 3-7873-1417-2 , pp. 28/152. Google books: [7]
  48. ↑ Carolin Lehberger: The 'realistic turn' in the work of Heinrich Roth: Studies for an educational research program. Waxmann Verlag, 2009 (Internationale Hochschulschriften, Vol. 534), ISBN 3-8309-2202-7 , pp. 73ff. Google Books: [8]
  49. ↑ See for example Katja Verbeeck, Johan Parent and Ann Nowé: Homo Egualis Reinforcement Learning Agents for Load Balancing , [9] ; Herbert Gintis: Game Theory Evolving , 2000, Google Books: [10]
  50. ↑ Kuhn, M .; Sultana, R. (Ed.): Homo Sapiens Europaeus? Creating the European Learning Citizen . New York 2006.
  51. ↑ The Omega Database (Transhumanist Wiki)
  52. ↑ Cf. Petar Dzadzic: Homo Balcanicus, homo heroicus. BIGZ 1987 (in Croatian); Manfred Sapper, Volker Weichsel (eds.): The I and the Power: Sketches for Homo heroicus and Homo sovieticus. BWV Berlin Science, 2008 (Eastern Europe Berlin, Vol. 12)
  53. ↑ Louis Dumont: Homo hierarchicus. Essai sur le système des castes. Paris, Gallimard, 1971. Google Books: [11]
  54. ↑ Christophe Charle: Homo Historicus. Réflexions sur l'histoire, les historiens et les sciences sociales . Armand Colin, Paris 2013.
  55. ↑ Martin Heidegger: About humanism. Letter to J. Aufret. Francke, Paris, Bern 1954
  56. ^ Alfons Labisch: Homo Hygienicus. Health and Medicine in Modern Times. Frankfurt a. M. 1992, ISBN 3-593-34528-5
  57. ↑ Alfons Labisch: Homo hygienicus: social construction of health. In: Fritz Wagner (Ed.): Medicine. Moments of change. Springer, 1989, pp. 115-138, doi: 10.1007 / 978-3-642-74005-3
  58. ↑ See Werner AP Luck: Homo investigans. The social scientist. Dr. D. Steinkopff Verlag, Darmstadt 1976, ISBN 3-7985-0458-X ; Hans Mohr: Homo investigans, homo politicus. To the natural scientist's self-image. Universitätsverlag, Konstanz 1985.
  59. ↑ Anastassia Stolovitskaia: The Rise of Homo Islamicus. American collective identity markers and terrorist identity markers as they reveal themselves in the discursive cohesion of concepts 'terrprism' and 'Islam' in the Washington Post 2001-2008. Roskilde University, Department of English, Department of Cultural Encounters, Integrated Thesis, June 2008 http://rudar.ruc.dk/bitstream/1800/3307/1/Masterdoc_15062008.pdf ( Memento from January 22, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) ( PDF; 1.9 MB)
  60. ^ Tom Wolfe, "The Human Beast," 2006 Jefferson Lecture for the National Endowment for the Humanities .
  61. ↑ Homo loquax nonnumquam sapiens , Latin expression in A Canticle for Leibowitz
  62. ↑ Massimo Ragnedda: The Homo Mediaticus and the Paralysis of Critical Thought, in: Quarterly Journal of Ideology Volume 32, 2009, 1 & 2
  63. ↑ Roberto Moreno, Homo mediaticus
  64. ^ Eckhard Meinberg: Homo oecologicus. The new image of man under the sign of the ecological crisis. Scientific Book Society, Darmstadt (1995).
  65. ↑ See Herbert Gintis: Game Theory Evolving , 2000, Google Books: [12]
  66. ^ Karlheinz Biller, Maria de Lourdes Stiegeler: Dictionary of Logotherapy and Existential Analysis by Viktor Emil Frankl. Böhlau Verlag, Vienna 2008, ISBN 978-3-205-77755-7 . Google Books: [13] ; Georgia Petridou, Chiara Thumiger, Homo Patiens: Approaches to the Patient in the Ancient World . (= Studies in ancient medicine, 45). Suffer; Boston: 2016.
  67. ↑ Thomas Dohmen, Armin Falk, David Huffman, Uwe Sunde: Homo Reciprocans: Survey Evidence on Prevalence, Behavior and Success. IZA DP (Institute for the Future of Work, Bonn, Discussion Papers) No. 2205, July 2006 [14] (PDF; 214 kB); Armin Falk: Homo Economicus Versus Homo Reciprocans: Approaches for a New Economic Policy Model? Institute for Empirical Research in Economics, University of Zurich, Working Paper No. 79, July 2001 REPEC (Download)
  68. ^ John A. Saliba: "Homo religiosus" in Mircea Eliade: an anthropological evaluation. Brill Archive, 1976 (Numen: Supplementa, Altera series: Dissertationes ad historiam religionum pertinentes, Vol. 5), ISBN 90-04-04550-3 . Google Books: [15]
  69. ↑ See GB Milner: Homo Ridens. Towards a Semiotic Theory of Humor and Laughter. In: Semiotica 5.1, 1972, pp. 1-30
  70. ↑ ILGA Europe: Austria: Journal Enzymes, ISSN  1867-3317 Archived copy ( Memento from May 19, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
  71. ↑ See Yves Gingras: Éloge de l'homo technologicus. Les Editions Fides, Saint-Laurent, Québec, 2005, ISBN 2-7621-2630-4 .
  72. ↑ See Erik Zyber: Homo Utopicus. Utopia in the light of philosophical anthropology. Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg, 2007 (Trier Studies on Cultural Philosophy, Volume 15), ISBN 3-8260-3550-X , Google Books: [16]