Oppeano

Oppeano
Country	Italy
region	Veneto
province	Verona  (VR)
Local name	Opean
Coordinates	45 ° 18 '  N , 11 ° 11'  E Coordinates: 45 ° 18 '0 "  N , 11 ° 11' 0"  E
height	26  m slm
surface	46.95 km²
Residents	10,291 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density	219 inhabitants / km²
Post Code	37050
prefix	045
ISTAT number	023055
Popular name	Oppeanesi
Patron saint	San Giovanni Battista
Website	www.comune.oppeano.vr.it

Oppeano is an Italian municipality in the province of Verona with 10,291 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2019).

history

The area of ​​today's municipality consisted of dense forests well into the Middle Ages. Place names like Cadeglioppi , a name that goes back to Domus Oppiorum , indicate this, because oppio refers to a type of tree that was used in viticulture. In addition, there were oaks, nut trees and elms. The area is crossed by the Adige , at the same time the Amber Road ran through it.

Veneter

In 1918 remains of pile dwellings were found , which, as was common in Veneto , were connected by two catwalks. They can be traced back to around 1400 to 1300 BC. To date. Traces of urns and metal objects suggested the existence of necropolises , which were found in the Mortara area , near the Ca'del Ferro and del Franchino. Oppeano is one of the centers of ancient Venetian culture , along with Este and Padua . The finds are widely scattered and are located in Rome , Este, Verona , Legnago , Florence . Oppeano's bronze helmet is in the city on the Arno . Only a few found objects are exhibited in Oppeano. To this day, the Università degli Studi di Verona carries out soil studies. They were able to determine an urbanization process for the end of the Bronze Age, whereby the early urban settlement had an area of ​​80 ha. Similar to Oderzo , the city may have had a well-ordered floor plan. Soon cities like Altinum reached 100 hectares.

From the Lombards to the Scaligeri

With the conquest of Northern Italy by the Lombards and the relocation of the course of the Adige, the residents moved to the Castrum Euppedanum (around 589). In the 12th century the place belonged to the dominion of Verona. The drainage of the neighboring marshland had already begun around 1100. In 1233 Ezzelino da Romano defeated the Mantuan troops at Oppeano. The next year Mantua retaliated by burning the village and the surrounding area.

Under the Scaligeri , the inhabitants were no longer regarded as cittadini , but as farmers ( rustici ). From 1384 the place belonged together with Cadeglioppi, Mazzantica, Vallese to the Capitanate of Zevio . Since the Scaligeri were indebted to rich citizens, they compensated by giving them lands. The Maffei, Pompei, Fracastorio, Bongiovanni and Mocenigo families came into possession of extensive estates.

Venice (1405–1797), manors, villas

In 1405 Oppeano came into Venetian possession. In the course of the 15th century extensive bonuses began, which largely destroyed the forests and drained the swamps. Venetian nobles owned extensive manors from which they wanted to make the greatest possible profit. The villages were tailored entirely to the needs of their central locations. The residences were fortified because the brigands were rampant. Of these courtyards (corti) still exist today: Corte Giona Carli Trambellarè , Corte Carli alla Mortara , Corte Domenicale Fracastoro in piazza and Corte Domenicale Turco in piazza in Oppeano.

In 1628, the place petitioned the Doge to have some of the pastures turned into farmland as the population was starving. Two years later, the plague , which also hit Venice hard, hit the place. Of the 1,863 inhabitants, 741 fell victim to it.

The war for Crete , which the Republic of Venice waged against the Ottomans between 1645 and 1669, meant that wealthy families were allowed to buy into the nobility and the Grand Council. Only in this way could the enormous war costs be borne. Now members of these families came to the Veronese, where they built lavish houses, some of which still exist in Oppeano.

French and Austrians

In 1796 French troops were at Vallese, Cadeglioppi and Feniletto; they ended the Venetian rule that had existed since 1405. In 1809, residents of Oppeanos took part in the anti-French uprising of the Veneto. There was also an attempt to rebel against the Austrians, and some of Oppeano's residents were executed.

Italy (since 1866), mass emigration, revival

But even with the transition to Italy in 1866, the desolate social conditions did not improve. Numerous people emigrated, around 1.4 million left the Veneto. The Villa Altichieri in the town center is a relic from the late 19th century and its manorial conditions.

The previously dominant cultures of the mulberry tree and wine have increasingly been replaced by rice and wheat cultivation. Malaria and pellagra were often rampant because the population suffered from vitamin deficiency. The place had almost 3,000 inhabitants. The fascists tried growing tobacco, but without much success.

Only with the settlement of handicrafts, wood processing, brick kilns and a stocking factory did the number of residents rise again in the post-war decades.

Oppeano became famous for naming a piazza after the Italian journalist and writer Oriana Fallaci . The community bought the property for the square for 70,000 euros and demolished a building that had previously been used as a mosque .

literature

• Alessandro Guidi, Luciano Salzani: Oppeano. Vecchi e nuovi dati sul centro protourbano , Giunta regional del Veneto 2008.
• Luigi Modena: Oppeano. Storia di un comune rurale veronese , Verona 1978.

Web links

• Comune di Oppeano

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Statistiche demografiche ISTAT. Monthly population statistics of the Istituto Nazionale di Statistica , as of December 31 of 2019.
2. ↑ Otto H. Frey : On Oppeano's helmet , in: Aquileia Nostra 57 (1986) 146-163.
3. ↑ D. Candelato, A. Guidi, D. Peloso: Nuovi dati sul centro protourbano di Oppeano Veronese , in: A. Aspes (ed.): Preistoria Veronese. Contributi e aggiornamenti , Verona 2002, pp. 168-170 and A. Guidi, D. Peloso: Il centro protourbano di Oppeano Veronese . Papers in Italian Archeology VI, Vol. II, Oxford 2005, pp. 720-728.
4. ↑ Corte "Giona Carli Trambellarè" ( Memento of the original from February 15, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Comune the Oppeano. 
5. ↑ Corte "Carli alla Mortara" ( Memento of the original from February 15, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Comune the Oppeano. 
6. ↑ Corte Domenicale Fracastoro in piazza ( Memento of the original from February 15, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Comune the Oppeano. 
7. ↑ Corte Domenicale Turco in piazza ( Memento of the original from February 15, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Comune the Oppeano. 
8. ↑ Villa Altichieri ( Memento of the original from February 15, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Comune the Oppeano. 
9. ^ "Piazza Oriana Fallaci al posto della moschea" , in: La Repubblica .it, May 18, 2005;
   Italy apologizes to this critic of Islam , in: Die Welt , November 25, 2015.