4 e régiment d'infantry
|
Régiment de Blaisois |
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|---|---|
 Internal association badge |
|
| active | 1776 to 1961 |
| Country |
  France
|
| Armed forces |
french army
|
| Armed forces | infantry |
| Type | regiment |
| Location | Auxerre (Caserne Vauban) |
| Patron saint | Saint-Maurice d'Agaune |
| motto | L'impétueuse |
| commander | |
| Important commanders |
Mestre de camp Marie-Jérôme Éon de Harlay, comte de Cœli |
The 4 e régiment d'infanterie was an infantry regiment, established in 1776 as the Régiment de Blaisois in the Kingdom of France and in service during the Ancien Régime and then with a few interruptions until it was dissolved in 1961.
Before regiment numbering was introduced on January 1, 1791, it was last named Régiment de Provence in the royal French army .
Lineup and significant changes
- 1776: Formation of the Régiment de Blaisois from the 1st and 3rd Battalions of the Régiment de Piémont
- 1785: Renamed the Régiment de Provence
- 1791: Renamed the 4 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne
- 1794: The regiment was not affected by the First Army Reform , the 1st Battalion remained unchanged, the 2nd Battalion had been sent to the Caribbean.
- 1803: Renaming of the 4 e demi-brigade de deuxième formation to 4 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne
- 1814: During the first restoration , the name was changed to Régiment de Monsieur .
- 1815: During the reign of the Hundred Days it was renamed 4 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne .
- July 16, 1815: The Napoleonic Army was completely disbanded.
- August 11, 1815: The 9 e légion de l'Aube and the 76 e légion des Deux-Sèvres were set up from the remains of the regiment . Because of the low workforce, the two units were merged to form the 4 e légion de l'Aube et des Deux-Sèvres .
- October 23, 1820: The 4 e légion de l'Aube et des Deux-Sèvres was renamed the 4 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne .
- 1854: last renaming to 4 e régiment d'infanterie
- 1914: During the mobilization, the "204 e régiment d'infanterie" was set up as a reserve regiment.
- 1928: dissolution
- 1939: re-erection
- 1961: dissolution
After the formation of the two battalions of the Régiment de Piémont, the unit was given the name Régiment de Blaisois , and it was initially ranked number 8 in the rankings of the infantry regiments. Based on the Piémont Regiment, it wore a uniform with a red collar and white buttons.
Mestres de camp / Colonels
Mestre de camp was from 1569 to 1661 and from 1730 to 1780 the denomination of rank for the regiment holder and / or for the officer in charge of the regiment. The name "Colonel" was used from 1721 to 1730, from 1791 to 1793 and from 1803 onwards.
After 1791 there were no more regimental owners.
Should the Mestre de camp / Colonel be a person of the high nobility who had no interest in leading the regiment (such as the king or queen), the command was given to the "Mestre de camp lieutenant" (or “Mestre de camp en second”) or the “Colonel-lieutenant” or “Colonel en second”.
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(...)
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Royal Army flags
The regiment carried a body flag and an orderly flag for each battalion. With the reorganization of January 1, 1791, new flags were issued, after the deposition of King Louis XVI, the royal lilies were removed from these flags. The previous body flags were dropped in 1791 because there were no more regimental owners.
Régiment de Blaisois 1776 to 1785
Régiment de Provence 1785 to 1791
1. battalion of 4 e régiment d'infantry to 1793
2nd battalion of the 4th e régiment d'infanterie until 1793
Uniformity
Régiment de Blaisois 1776 to 1779
1779 to 1786
Régiment de Provence 1786 to 1791
4 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne 1791 to 1794
Battle calendar
- 1776 : At the end of June the regiment was transferred to Corsica , where it was to remain for the next three years.
- 1779 : return to the mainland, where it was disembarked in Toulon on July 25th . The regiment then initially moved into a garrison in Nîmes , but moved to Perpignan in October 1780 .
- 1781 : Relocation to the fortifications of Château-Trompette in Bordeaux , where it was renamed the Régiment de Provence by order of May 12 (it took this name from the current Régiment de Picardie ).
“Provence” moved to Béthune in December 1783 and to Saint-Omer (Pas-de-Calais) at the end of 1786 . In June 1789 it was one of the units called to protect the royal court. It was then in garrison in the canton of Neuilly and after July 14th was commanded under the command of Lieutenant-général de Falkenheim in the Camp de Saint-Denis . Thereafter, the regiment returned to Saint-Omer to march on May 6, 1791 to its new garrison, Brest .
- 1791 : At the end of October the 2nd battalion was embarked for Santo Domingo under the command of Général Rochambeau . In February 1792 it arrived in Cap Français. It was never to return to France, and it was gradually wiped out during the long fighting.
The 1st battalion and the depot of the 2nd battalion remained in Brest and in Saint-Pol de Léon. They stayed here in the western provinces during the bloody fighting in the Vendée , where they suffered their first losses. The 1st Battalion had orders to operate on the left bank of the Loire near Nantes . This ill-considered arrangement resulted in the loss of a division of 300 men, which was broken up at Saint-Colomban . The survivors were forced to surrender with a cannon and a flag.
For the planned formation of the 7th and 8th demi- brigades in the course of the premier amalgams , there were no longer any soldiers available, the two half-brigades only existed on paper.
- 1796 : The remains of the 1st battalion and the depot of the 2nd battalion were incorporated into the 52nd demi-brigade d'infanterie of the second army reform.
Wars of the Revolution and the First Empire
- 1791 : Haitian Revolution
- Deployment of the 2nd battalion for the expedition to Santo Domingo
- 1793 : 1st Battalion - Vendée Uprising
- 1805 :
- 1806 : Campaign in Prussia and Poland
- 1807 :
- 1809 :
- 1812 :
- 1813 : Campaign in Germany
- 1814 : Campaign in France
- Battle of Brienne , Battle of La Rothière , Battle of Montereau , Battle of Troyes
- 1815 :
In the period between 1791 and 1815 the regiment killed or wounded officers:
- fallen: 44
- died of her wounds: 24
- wounded: 240
1815 to 1848
- 1830 : By order of September 18, a fourth battalion was set up. The manpower of the regiment was increased to 3,000.
- 1832 : march to Algeria.
- October 12th: The 2nd battalion was subordinate to the department of Lieutenant-Colonel Lemercier and took part in the attack on the marabout of Gouraya in Béjaïa .
- 1834 : May 19-22: expedition against Hadjout in the province of Algiers. Then the regiment returned to France.
- 1836 : October 30th: The unit was involved in fighting on the occasion of the coup d'état of December 2nd, 1851 by Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte .
- 1848: On June 24th, 25th and 26th the unit stood in Paris in the fight against the insurgents of the June uprising in Paris .
Second empire
By decree of May 2, 1859, the regiment had to give up a company to set up the 101 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne .
- June 18, 1869: A detachment under the command of Capitaine Gausserand was deployed against the striking miners of La Ricamarie . The troops shot at the crowd protesting the arrest of the striking miners. 13 civilians were killed.
1870 to 1914
The (later) Maréchal Ferdinand Foch served in the regiment during the war.
First World War
When the war broke out, the regiment was garrisoned in Auxerre and Troyes . It belonged to the 9th Infantry Division throughout the war.
- 1914
- 3rd to 23rd August: rail transport from Auxerre and Troyes to the Verdun region and march to the front (75 kilometers). On August 23, the regiment suffered heavy losses at Signeulx Aarlon and Virton
- 5th to 13th September: First Battle of the Marne
- Race to the sea
- Assault battles in the Argonne (Cote 263)
- 1915
- Assault battles in the Argonne: Vauquois
- Trench warfare in the Argonne: Haute-Chevauchée
- 1916
- January to September trench warfare in the Argonne (Cote 285)
- October to December Battle of Verdun : Haudromont, Fausse côte, Vaux
- 1917
- Fights at Berry-au-Bac : Bois des Boches, Juvincourt
- 1918
- Battle of the Oise : Assault battles at Noyon
- Second Battle of the Marne : Fights north of Épernay : in the forest of Saint-Marc, near Romery, le Paradis, Nanteuil (July 18th to 26th)
- Persecution on the Aisne : near Montigny, Berry-au-Bac and Recouvrance
Second World War
From September 1939 to May 1940, the unit took part in the following activities:
- August 23 to September 4: Gray area alert
- September 5th: Rail transport to Sarrebourg
- September 9th to 12th: advance on the Maginot Line in the Ohrenthal area
- September 13th to October 3rd: occupation of the southern sector of Rohrbach-lès-Bitche
- October 4th: regrouping in the Baerenthal region
- October 10: Rail transport to Sarrebourg-Cirey
- 23 October to 10 May: rail transport and marching movements to Chauny , Ham (Belgium) , Guiscard , Coucy (training)
During the battle in France , the regiment was subordinate to the 15th Motorized Infantry Division. This belonged to the 1st Army.
On May 10, 1940, the regiment moved to Sissonne and, after the outbreak of fighting, marched with his division to Belgium in the area of Plan Dyle (near Breda ). From May 12, the division took positions east of the villages of Ernage and Gembloux . The 27 e régiment d'infantry arrived only on 13 May and occupied the other two infantry regiments of the division, the 134 e régiment d'infantry and 4 e régiment d'infantry, the sector Gembloux Beuzet. On May 15, the 27 e RI south of Gembloux and the 4 e RI near Beuzet were attacked by German tank units. The attacks were so serious that the order to withdraw towards Wavre / Charleroi was given that evening . On May 16, the German tanks attacked again, so that the current line Brye / Saint-Amand / Fleurus had to be abandoned. This withdrawal was in good order and was covered by the 134 e RI. The regiment under the command of Colonel Tranchant (who was taken prisoner of war on May 28, 1940) fought in the Lille pocket from May 25 to 30, 1940 . After the Battle of the Dyle and the retreat of the Belgians, it fought on the Scheldt , for example in the suburbs of Valenciennes and in the vicinity of Trith-Saint-Léger .
With the cessation of fighting after the Compiègne armistice (1940) , the unit disbanded.
Regimental flags since Napoleonic times
On the back of the regimental flag (since Napoleonic times) the campaigns and battles in which the regiment took part are listed in gold letters.
Motto
(The impetuous)
Awards
The flag ribbon bears the Croix de guerre with two palm branches for two honorable mentions in the army command and a gold-plated star for a special mention in the corps command.
In the event of a re-establishment, the members of the regiment have the right to wear the Fourragère in the colors of the Croix de guerre.
Personalities who served in the regiment
- Paul Maistre (1858–1922), Général de division (as regimental commander)
- Ferdinand Foch (1851–1929), Maréchal de France , joined the 24th Company on January 21, 1871.
- Jean de Lattre de Tassigny (as Chef de bataillon , 1889–1952)
literature
- Général Serge Andolenko : Recueil d'historiques de l'infanterie française. Eurimprim, Paris 1969.
- M. Pinard: Chronologie historique-militaire. Volume 5 ( digitized on Gallica ), 7 ( digitized ) and 8 ( digitized ). Claude Hérissant, Paris 1762, 1764 and 1778.
Web links
- Historique sommaire du 4 e regiment d'infanterie pendant la guerre 1914–1918. In: Le tableau d'honneur de la Guerre 1914–1918 (PDF; 78 kB)
- Histoire du 4 ème regiment d'infanterie. In: Auxerre. Son histoire. Ses monuments. Ses rues pittoresques
- Le 4 ème regiment d'infanterie de ligne. 1796 à 1815. In: Soldats de la Grande Armée
- Robert Ouvrard: Historique des regiments. Le 4e de ligne. In: Histoire du Consulat et du Premier Empire
- 1914–1918 la Grande Guerre à Auxerre
Footnotes
- ↑ 4th half-brigade, second formation.
- ↑ Pierre Lemau de la Jaisse: Cinquième abrégé de la carte générale du militaire de France, sur terre et sur mer. Depuis Novembre 1737 jusqu'en Décembre 1738. Gandouin et al., Paris 1739, OCLC 458013263 .
- ↑ Victor Louis Jean François Belhomme: Histoire de l'infantry en France. Volume 5. Henri Charles-Lavauzelle, Paris 1893, p. 151.
- ↑ « Décision n ° 12350 / SGA / DPMA / SHD / DAT du 14 September 2007 relative aux inscriptions de noms de batailles sur les drapeaux et étendards des corps de troupe de l'armée de terre, du service de santé des armées et du service des essences des armées, Bulletin officiel des armées, n ° 27, 9 November 2007 »(German:“ Provision n ° 12350 / SGA / DPMA / SHD / DAT of September 14, 2007 on the appearance of the inscriptions on the flags and standards of the Troops of the army, the medical service and the fuel supply branch. Published with the official army bulletin No. 27 of November 9, 2007 ")
- ↑ " Arrêté relatif à l'attribution de l'inscription AFN 1952–1962 sur les drapeaux et étendards des formations des armées et services, du 19 novembre 2004 (A) NORDEF0452926A Michèle Alliot-Marie " (German: "Order AFN 1952–1962 on the assignment of the inscriptions on the flags and standards of the formations of the army and the services of November 19, 2004 (A) NORDEF0452926A Michèle Alliot-Marie ")
- ↑ This also applies to units that have already been disbanded, as they can (theoretically) be put back into active service at any time
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