Remetschwil

Remetschwil
State :	Switzerland
Canton :	Aargau (AG)
District :	to bathe
BFS no. :	4039
Postal code :	5453
Coordinates :	667 077  /  251240 coordinates: 47 ° 24 '31 "  N , 8 ° 19' 38"  O ; CH1903:  667 077  /  251240
Height :	528  m above sea level M.
Height range :	399–709 m above sea level M.
Area :	3.88  km²
Residents:	2023 (December 31, 2019)
Population density :	521 inhabitants per km²
Proportion of foreigners : (residents without citizenship )	14.3% (December 31, 2019)
Website:	www.remetschwil.ch
Remetschwil
Location of the municipality

Remetschwil ( Swiss German : [ ˌrɛmətʃˈʋiːl ]) is a municipality in the Swiss canton of Aargau . It belongs to the Baden district and is located between Baden and Mutschellen , above the Reuss Valley .

It should not be confused with the homophonic village of Remetschwiel in the Waldshut district of the German state of Baden-Württemberg.

geography

Remetschwil is located on the uniformly sloping south-west slope of the Rohrdorferberg. This survey forms part of the Heitersberg -Hügelkette that the Reuss valley from further east Limmattal separates. The western part of the municipality consists of low terrace gravel that was deposited by the Reuss glacier during the Würm glacial period . Older gravel from the Glacial Riss (150,000 to 200,000 years ago) can be found further up the slope . The intermediate zones are partially filled with alluvial clay.

One kilometer west of Remetschwil, separated by a deep ravine, is the Busslingen district ( 410  m above sea level ). The place is located on an alluvial cone of washed away gravel, near which an outcrop of the upper sea molasse can be found. The development of Busslingen has grown together with that of the neighboring municipality of Stetten . Above Remetschwil, about one kilometer east at 660  m above sea level. M. , is the hamlet of Sennhof.

The area of ​​the municipality is 388 hectares , of which 89 hectares are covered with forest and 80 hectares are built over. The highest point is at 695 meters on the southeastern municipal boundary, the lowest at 405 meters near Busslingen. Neighboring communities are Niederrohrdorf and Oberrohrdorf in the north, Spreitenbach in the east, Bellikon and Künten in the south and Stetten in the west.

history

Archaeological finds from prehistoric times are relatively rare on the Rohrdorferberg, the oldest in the municipality go back to the Hallstatt period around 2800 years ago. From various finds in neighboring communities, however, it can be concluded that the area could have been inhabited during the early Mesolithic around 11,500 years ago. In 1948, the grave of a Helvetic man from the 1st century AD was discovered in the Grosshau area, i.e. from the early days of the Roman occupation. In 1955, pottery from the Legio XXI Rapax stationed in the nearby Vindonissa camp came to light near the road from Busslingen to Stetten . The canton archeology of Aargau therefore suspects a manor in this area. According to the place-names , Busslingen was probably settled by the Alamanni between the 6th and 8th centuries , and Remetschwil between the 8th and 11th centuries. The Sennhof goes back to a high medieval clearing in the 11th or 12th century. The first mention of Reimiswilare took place in 1184 in a land register of the monastery Engelberg . The place name comes from the Old High German Reinmareswilari and means "Hofsiedlung des Reinmar".

In the 11th and early 12th centuries, the barons of Sellenbüren presumably ruled the Rohrdorferberg. Later, the area came under the control of the Habsburgs , who also had considerable property here and, after 1259 , took over the patronage rights of the Rohrdorf Church (to whose Parish Remetschwil belonged) from the Murbach Monastery . The Habsburgs secured sovereignty for themselves in 1273 after the rival family of the Counts of Kyburg had died out. Ministeriale took on administrative tasks on their behalf, initially the lords of Rüssegg, from 1344 the lords of Hünenberg. In the first half of the 14th century the office of Rohrdorf was formed, which largely coincided with the area of ​​the parish. The most important landowners in Remetschwil were the Wettingen and Oetenbach monasteries , while the Muri monastery set the tone in Busslingen . In 1413 Duke Friedrich IV sold the Rohrdorf church set to the Agness Hospital in Baden .

In April and May 1415, the Swiss conquered Aargau with the office of Rohrdorf from the Habsburgs. Remetschwil was now part of the county of Baden , a common rule . The federal provincial bailiff , who changes every two years and resides in Baden , exercised sovereignty and blood jurisdiction . In Busslingen it was also in the possession of the lower court , while in Remetschwil the Oetenbach monastery held this task. The opening that regulated the relationship between the judge and the village population dates back to 1475 and has been preserved in a version from 1645. Under the leadership of Pastor Heinrich Buchmann, the brother of Theodor Bibliander , the Rohrdorf parish converted to the Reformation in 1529 . Two years later, after the Reformed towns were defeated in the Second Kappel War , the population had to reassume the Catholic denomination. Towards the end of the Peasant War of 1653, the Rohrdorferberg was the deployment area of ​​the Zurich troops on the way to the decisive battle near Wohlenschwil . During the Second Villmerger War of 1712, the Catholic Central Swiss towns occupied the range of hills between the Reuss and Limmat valleys on May 12th. There were repeated raids; Among other things, residents of the Rohrdorferberg attacked the mill in Spreitenbach . Around 5,000 people from Zurich advanced against Mellingen on May 21 . While Ober- and Niederrohrdorf were heavily plundered by the troops, Remetschwil was spared, as the city of Zurich, as the legal successor to the dissolved Oetenbach monastery, was the owner of the local jurisdiction.

The old system of rule collapsed in 1798 with the French invasion and the proclamation of the Helvetic Republic . Several residents of the Rohrdorferberg offered resistance against the new revolutionary order, but the French troops defeated it in the battle near Hägglingen . In the new unified state, Remetschwil was a municipality in the Bremgarten district of the short-lived canton of Baden . With the mediation constitution of 1803, the new canton of Aargau was established and Busslingen was temporarily part of the municipality of Oberrohrdorf. In 1805 Busslingen, Niederrohrdorf, Oberrohrdorf, Remetschwil and Staretschwil united to form the municipality of Rohrdorf , with the five parts of the municipality each having a representative on the municipal council. How this merger came about is unclear, as the sources do not describe the process in detail. The driving forces were District Administrator Johann Ludwig Baldinger and Justice of the Peace Johann Vogler, who presumably had made some decisions arrogantly and disregarded the democratic right of co-determination.

Aerial view (1952)

The Rohrdorf community was structurally weak. Life was almost exclusively geared towards agriculture, with the few businesses serving local needs. The replacement of the feudal burden dragged on for decades. Due to poverty and famine, waves of emigration occurred after 1816 (“ year without a summer ”) and again in the 1840s. Another decline in population occurred at the end of the 19th century. There were repeated efforts by the partly autonomous village communities to separate the large community again, because the cooperation in organizational and financial matters did not work smoothly. The cantonal government rejected such requests in 1813, 1816, 1832, 1842, 1850 and 1853. All of the requests came from Remetschwil, while Staretschwil and Busslingen mostly did not support them. Finally, the Grand Council asked the government to carry out the separation. In 1854 Rohrdorf was separated into the three communities Niederrohrdorf (with Holzrüti and Vogelrüti), Oberrohrdorf (with Staretschwil) and Remetschwil (with Busslingen). Busslingen had an independent local community until 1912 .

From the middle of the 19th century, the economy gradually diversified. Businesses began to settle there that produced beyond the purely local market. The mechanization of agriculture made it necessary to amalgamate the many small plots in order to be able to manage them more efficiently. The necessary goods regulation was a long time coming until 1941. In 1897 the construction of a water supply network began on a cooperative basis, and in 1911 it was connected to the electricity network. At the beginning of the Second World War , the Swiss Army expanded the position of the Limmat , which also included a complex system of fortifications on the Heitersberg range of hills; An artillery position was built in the Unterried near Busslingen. With the Réduit strategy , the Limmat position lost its importance in the summer of 1940 and the troops billeted in the village were withdrawn. The Wahlen plan required a significant increase in the cultivation area. From autumn 1940 a company of interned Polish soldiers was quartered at the Sennhof .

After the population had stagnated for decades, it began to increase gradually from the 1960s onwards due to the settlement pressure in the centers of Baden and Zurich. In 1967 a zoning plan was passed in order to steer construction activity in an orderly manner. The new buildings were almost exclusively single-family houses on a hillside. The growth was by far the strongest during the construction boom of the 1990s, when the population increased by more than 50%. The settlement areas of Busslingen and Stetten grew together, while the Sennhof remained rural.

Attractions

See also : List of cultural assets in Remetschwil

coat of arms

The blazon of the municipal coat of arms reads: "Divided by yellow with a striding red, backward-looking roebuck and by red with a yellow orb." The coat of arms was created in 1854 after the dissolution of the Rohrdorf community.

population

The population developed as follows:

year	1780	1860	1900	1930	1950	1960	1970	1980	1990	2000	2010
Residents	221	575	482	489	490	469	629	796	1168	1759	2017

On December 31, 2019, 2023 people lived in Remetschwil, the proportion of foreigners was 14.3%. In the 2015 census, 39.0% described themselves as Roman Catholic and 25.0% as Reformed ; 36.0% were non-denominational or belonged to other faiths. In the 2000 census, 93.8% said their main language was German , 1.4% Italian , 0.9% Albanian , 0.8% English and 0.6% each of French and Spanish .

Politics and law

Parish hall

The assembly of those entitled to vote, the municipal assembly , exercises legislative power. The executing authority is the five-member municipal council . He is elected by the people in the majority procedure, his term of office is four years. The parish council leads and represents the parish. To this end, it implements the resolutions of the municipal assembly and the tasks assigned to it by the canton. The Baden District Court is responsible for litigation in the first instance . Remetschwil belongs to the judges of peace V (Mellingen).

economy

According to the corporate structure statistics (STATENT) collected in 2015, Remetschwil has around 500 jobs, 11% of them in agriculture, 35% in industry and 54% in the service sector. Most of the companies are located in the Busslingen commercial zone, with the construction industry being the most important. Most of the employed are commuters and the majority work in the Baden agglomeration .

traffic

Remetschwil is located on Kantonsstrasse 282 between Baden and the Mutschellen Pass, Busslingen on Kantonsstrasse 281 to Bremgarten . There is no direct road connection between Remetschwil and Busslingen, both districts can only be reached with a detour via Oberrohrdorf . The Baden-West connection to the A1 motorway is only a few kilometers away.

The Postbus line runs through Remetschwil from Baden train station to Berikon - Widen ( Bremgarten-Dietikon-Bahn stop ). Busslingen is served by the Baden– Stetten –Bremgarten post bus line. There is no direct connection between Remetschwil and Busslingen, bus passengers have to change trains in Niederrohrdorf . During rush hour there is another post bus line from Mellingen Heitersberg station (connection to the Zurich S-Bahn ) via Remetschwil to Widen. There is also a Limmat Bus express bus to Zurich Enge train station . On weekends there is a night bus from Baden to Berikon-Widen.

education

The community has a kindergarten and a school house where primary school is taught. The Realschule , the Secondary School and the District School can be attended in Niederrohrdorf . The closest grammar schools are the Baden Cantonal School and the Wettingen Cantonal School .

The first school on Rohrdorferberg existed from the second half of the 17th century in Oberrohrdorf; it was a "winter school" that provided only the bare minimum of education. After the introduction of compulsory schooling in 1805, the offer was gradually expanded. The children initially continued to go to school in Oberrohrdorf until Remetschwil built its own school building in 1830. This received an extension in 1910 and is still in use today.

Personalities

• Hans G. Conrad (1926–2003), photographer and designer
• Konstantin Karl Falkenstein (1801–1855), historian and writer
• Emil Gsell (1899–1973), professor of economics

literature

• Patrick Zehnder: Remetschwil. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
• Fabian Furter, Martin Handschin, Bruno Meier , René Roca, Miriam Rorato: Rohrdorferberg - history of Oberrohrdorf, Niederrohrdorf and Remetschwil . 2011.

Web links

Commons : Remetschwil  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Official website of the municipality of Remetschwil

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Cantonal population statistics 2019. Department of Finance and Resources, Statistics Aargau, March 30, 2020, accessed on April 2, 2019 . 
2. ↑ Cantonal population statistics 2019. Department of Finance and Resources, Statistics Aargau, March 30, 2020, accessed on April 2, 2019 . 
3. ↑ ^{a b} Furter et al .: Rohrdorferberg. Pp. 18-19.
4. ^ National map of Switzerland, sheet 1090, Swisstopo.
5. ↑ Standard area statistics - municipalities according to 4 main areas. Federal Statistical Office , November 26, 2018, accessed on June 1, 2019 . 
6. ^ Furter et al .: Rohrdorferberg. Pp. 20-21.
7. ^ Furter et al .: Rohrdorferberg. Pp. 22-23.
8. ^ Beat Zehnder: The community names of the canton of Aargau . In: Historical Society of the Canton of Aargau (Ed.): Argovia . tape 100 . Verlag Sauerländer, Aarau 1991, ISBN 3-7941-3122-3 , p. 347-348 .
9. ^ Furter et al .: Rohrdorferberg. Pp. 27-33.
10. ^ Furter et al .: Rohrdorferberg. Pp. 36-37.
11. ^ Furter et al .: Rohrdorferberg. P. 42.
12. ^ Furter et al .: Rohrdorferberg. P. 49.
13. ^ Furter et al .: Rohrdorferberg. Pp. 46-47.
14. ^ Furter et al .: Rohrdorferberg. Pp. 90-92.
15. ^ Furter et al .: Rohrdorferberg. Pp. 103-104.
16. ^ Furter et al .: Rohrdorferberg. P. 127.
17. ^ Furter et al .: Rohrdorferberg. P. 129.
18. ^ Furter et al .: Rohrdorferberg. Pp. 159-160.
19. ^ Furter et al .: Rohrdorferberg. Pp. 276-277.
20. ^ Furter et al .: Rohrdorferberg. Pp. 192-198.
21. ^ Furter et al .: Rohrdorferberg. Pp. 293-294.
22. ^ Joseph Galliker, Marcel Giger: Municipal coat of arms of the Canton of Aargau . Lehrmittelverlag des Kantons Aargau, book 2004, ISBN 3-906738-07-8 , p. 250 .
23. ↑ Population development in the municipalities of the Canton of Aargau since 1850. (Excel) In: Eidg. Volkszählung 2000. Statistics Aargau, 2001, archived from the original on October 8, 2018 ; accessed on June 1, 2019 . 
24. ↑ Resident population by religious affiliation, 2015. (Excel) In: Population and Households, Community Tables 2015. Statistics Aargau, accessed on June 1, 2019 . 
25. ↑ Swiss Federal Census 2000: Economic resident population by main language as well as by districts and municipalities. (Excel) Statistics Aargau, archived from the original on August 10, 2018 ; accessed on June 1, 2019 . 
26. ↑ circles of justice of the peace. Canton of Aargau, accessed on June 19, 2019 . 
27. ↑ Statistics of the corporate structure (STATENT). (Excel, 157 kB) Statistics Aargau, 2016, accessed on June 1, 2019 . 
28. ^ Furter et al .: Rohrdorferberg. Pp. 136-140.