TSI (engine technology)
TSI (acronym for Twin Charged Stratified Injection or Turbocharged Stratified Injection ) is the brand name for an engine technology of the automotive group Volkswagen in gasoline engines ( gasoline engine ). The aim of this technology is to provide engines with a smaller displacement , which have a consumption advantage over engines with a larger displacement , with more power and higher torque . A direct-injection gasoline engine is charged with an exhaust gas turbocharger or two different chargers . The first TSI engine was a double-charged 1.4 liter engine in 2005. At Audi, this engine technology is referred to exclusively as TFSI (abbreviation for Turbo Fuel Stratified Injection ). The technical equivalent of the TSI for diesel engines is called TDI .
Twincharged Stratified Injection
Two chargers are used in the Twincharged Stratified Injection . The first is a mechanical rotary piston charger (compressor) based on the Roots principle , which compresses the intake air in the lower speed range (from idling speed). From a speed of around 2000 rpm, a regulating flap controls the involvement of the compressor in charging. In addition, compression begins here by the second charger, an exhaust gas turbocharger that takes over the charging of the engine from around 3500 rpm. The compressor is then disconnected via a magnetic coupling .
With this technology, the major disadvantages of the two loaders are eliminated:
- The "turbo lag" of the exhaust gas turbocharger in the lower speeds is bridged by using the compressor.
- At higher speeds, the compressor is disconnected from the crankshaft and no longer draws any power from the engine.
In a similar form, the combined charging of a gasoline engine by means of a compressor and turbocharger was already used in the 200 series vehicles of the Group B rally vehicle Lancia Delta S4 in the 1980s .
The double-charged TSI units from Volkswagen develop up to 98 kW (133 hp) from a displacement of one liter . Several versions for different models were used in 2012:
| Displacement | power | Torque | use |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1390 cm³ | 103 kW (140 PS) | 220 Nm | VW Golf V , Golf Plus , Golf V Variant , VW Jetta V , Touran |
| 1390 cm³ | 110 kW (150 PS) | 220 Nm | Seat Ibiza IV FR |
| 1390 cm³ | 110 kW (150 PS) | 220 Nm | VW Passat B6 , B7 and Touran "EcoFuel" (natural gas engine) |
| 1390 cm³ | 110 kW (150 PS) | 240 Nm | VW Tiguan , VW Sharan II , Seat Alhambra |
| 1390 cm³ | 118 kW (160 PS) | 240 Nm | VW CC , VW Beetle , VW Eos , Golf V Variant , Golf VI (all), Golf Plus , VW Jetta V and Jetta VI , Passat B7 , Scirocco III , Tiguan |
| 1390 cm³ | 125 kW (170 hp) | 240 Nm | VW Golf V GT , Golf Plus , Jetta V , VW Touran |
| 1390 cm³ | 132 kW (180 PS) | 250 Nm | Seat Ibiza IV Cupra , Škoda Fabia II RS , VW Polo V GTI |
| 1390 cm³ | 136 kW (185 hp) | 250 Nm | Audi A1 |
Turbocharged Stratified Injection
While VW originally only sold the above-mentioned double-charged engines ( Twincharged Stratified Injection ) under the engine designation TSI , since model year 2008 the previously only turbo-charged engines with gasoline direct injection have been continued as Turbocharged Stratified Injection (TSI). Likewise, newer engines are based on a new basic engine design which, among other things, has a timing chain instead of a toothed belt and a volume flow-controlled oil pump .
Since VW no longer adheres to the stratified charge principle, the abbreviations TSI and TFSI are only brand names. At the end of 2005, the naturally aspirated 1.6 FSI and 2.0 FSI engines had already been converted from stratified charge in partial load operation to conventional homogeneous operation. The nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter that was previously required was therefore no longer required.
Since 2007, a 1.4-liter engine with this TSI technology has also been offered as an entry-level engine. Thanks to the output of 90/92 kW (122/125 PS) and a maximum torque of 200 Nm, there was no need for additional supercharging. Another special feature of this engine is the intercooler integrated into the intake manifold . The engine block was also adapted to the power ratios and optimized in weight, and a smaller turbocharger was installed. Another downsizing step followed at the end of 2009 with the 1.2-liter TSI engine (77 kW / 105 PS), which has also been available with 63 kW (86 PS) since 2010.
As of 2012, the existing TSI engines up to the 1.4-l TSI engine will be fundamentally modified as part of the strategy of the modular transverse matrix . The engines of the new EA211 series are lighter (with the 1.4-liter TSI by 22 kg) and modularized more consistently. Compared to the previous EA111 series , a toothed belt is used instead of the timing chain. The crankcase is made of die-cast aluminum and no longer of gray cast iron . A special innovation is the possibility of cylinder deactivation of the two middle cylinders in the 1.4-l engine. Further features of the modular engine are a valve train module (iVM) integrated in the cylinder head cover with variable valve control of the intake valves (also the exhaust valves in the 1.4-l TSI with 103 kW), a water-cooled exhaust manifold integrated in the cylinder head , and dual-circuit cooling.
| Turbo charged engines | ||
|---|---|---|
| Displacement | power | vehicles |
| Three-cylinder in-line engines | ||
| 1.0 l (999 cm³) |
60 kW (82 PS) | Audi A1 |
| 1.0 l (999 cm³) |
63 kW (85 PS) | VW Golf VII |
| 1.0 l (999 cm³) |
66 kW (90 PS) | VW up! |
| 1.0 l (999 cm³) |
70 kW (95 PS) | Audi A1 , Seat Arona , Seat Ibiza IV , Škoda Fabia III , VW Polo V , VW Polo VI |
| 1.0 l (999 cm³) |
81 kW (110 PS) | Seat Ibiza IV , Škoda Fabia III, VW Golf VII , VW Polo V. |
| 1.0 l (999 cm³) |
85 kW (115 PS) | Audi A3 8V , Audi Q2 , Seat Arona , Seat Ateca , Seat Leon III , Seat Ibiza V , Škoda Octavia III , VW Golf VII , VW Polo VI , VW up! GTI, VW T-Roc |
| Four-cylinder in-line engines | ||
| 1.2 l (1197 cm³) |
63 kW (86 PS) | Audi A1 , Seat Leon III , Seat Toledo III , Škoda Fabia II , Octavia III , Škoda Rapid , Roomster , VW Caddy , VW Golf VI , VW Golf VII , Golf Plus , VW Golf Sportsvan |
| 1.2 l (1197 cm³) |
66 kW (90 PS) | Seat Ibiza IV , Seat Toledo III, Škoda Fabia III , Škoda Rapid, VW Polo V. |
| 1.2 l (1197 cm³) |
77 kW (105 PS) | Audi A3 8P , Seat Altea , Seat Ibiza IV , Seat Leon II (1P), Seat Leon III , Seat Toledo III , Škoda Fabia II, Octavia II , Octavia III , Škoda Rapid , Škoda Roomster, Škoda Yeti , VW Beetle , VW Golf VI, VW Golf VII , VW Golf Cabriolet , Golf Plus, VW Jetta VI , VW Polo V. |
| 1.2 l (1197 cm³) |
81 kW (110 PS) | Audi A3 8V , Seat Leon III , Škoda Fabia III , Octavia III , Škoda Rapid , Škoda Yeti , VW Golf VII , VW Golf Sportsvan , VW Polo V , VW Touran II |
| 1.4 l (gas) (1395 cm³) |
81 kW (110 PS) | Audi A3 8V , Seat Leon III , Octavia III , VW Golf VII |
| 1.4 l (1390 cm³) |
90 kW (122 hp) | Audi A1, Seat Toledo IV , Škoda Octavia II, Škoda Rapid , Škoda Yeti, VW Eos , Golf V , Golf VI, Golf Plus, Golf Cabriolet, VW Jetta V , VW Jetta VI, VW Passat B6 , Scirocco III , Tiguan |
| 1.4 l (1395 cm³) |
90 kW (122 hp) | Audi A3 8V , Seat Leon III , VW Golf VII |
| 1.4 l (1390 cm³) |
92 kW (125 PS) | Audi A3 8P, Seat Altea , Altea XL , Seat Leon II , Seat Toledo III , Škoda Superb II |
| 1.4 l (1395 cm³) |
92 kW (125 PS) | Audi A1 , Audi A3 8V, Seat Leon III , Škoda Rapid , Škoda Superb III , Škoda Yeti , Golf VII , VW Passat B8 , VW Golf Sportsvan, VW Scirocco III , Tiguan , VW Tiguan II , VW Caddy IV |
| 1.4 l (1395 cm³) |
103 kW (140 PS) | Audi A1 , Audi A3 8V , Seat Leon III , Seat Ibiza IV , Škoda Octavia III , VW Golf VII , VW Polo V. |
| 1.4 l (1395 cm³) |
110 kW (150 PS) | Audi A1 , Audi A3 8V , Audi A4 B9 , Audi Q2 , Audi Q3 , Seat Alhambra II , Seat Leon III , Seat Ibiza IV, Seat Ateca , Škoda Octavia III , Škoda Superb III , Škoda Yeti , Golf VII , VW Golf Sportsvan , Passat B8 , VW Sharan II , Tiguan , VW Tiguan II , VW Touran II |
| 1.5 l (1498 cm³) |
110 kW (150 PS) | Audi A3 8V, Audi Q3 F3, Seat Arona, Seat Ibiza V , Škoda Karoq, Škoda Octavia III , VW Arteon, VW Golf VII, VW Golf Sportsvan, VW Polo VI , VW T-Roc |
| 1.8 l (1798 cm³) |
88 kW (120 PS) | Audi A4 B8 , Seat Exeo |
| 1.8 l (1798 cm³) |
118 kW (160 PS) | Audi A3 8P, A4 B8, A5 , TT 8J , Seat Altea, Altea XL, Leon II, Seat Toledo III , Exeo, Škoda Yeti, Octavia II, Superb II, VW Passat VI, Golf VI (promotion model), Passat CC |
| 1.8 l (1798 cm³) |
125 kW (170 hp) | Audi A5, A4 B8 |
| 1.8 l (1798 cm³) |
132 kW (180 PS) | Audi A3 8V , Seat Leon III , Škoda Octavia III , Škoda Superb III , VW Passat B8 |
| 1.8 l (1798 cm³) |
141 kW (192 hp) | Audi A1 , Seat Ibiza Cupra, VW Polo V GTI |
| 2.0 l (1984 cm³) |
110 kW (150 PS) | VW T5 bus |
| 2.0 l (1984 cm³) |
125 kW (170 hp) | Audi A4 B7 , A6 C6 , Audi Q3 , VW Tiguan |
| 2.0 l (1984 cm³) |
132 kW (180 PS) | Audi A4 B8, A5, Q5 , Audi A6 C7, VW Scirocco III , VW Tiguan, VW Tiguan II, Skoda Kodiaq |
| 2.0 l (1984 cm³) |
136 kW (185 hp) | Seat Leon II Sport-Up |
| 2.0 l (1984 cm³) |
140 kW (190 hp) | Audi A4 Ultra (B9), Audi Q2 , Seat Leon III, VW T-Roc |
| 2.0 l (1984 cm³) |
147 kW (200 hp) | Audi A3 8P, A4 B7, TT 8J, Seat Altea FR, Seat Alhambra II, Leon II FR, Exeo, Škoda Octavia II RS, Superb II, VW Beetle , VW Eos, Golf V GTI, Jetta V, Jetta VI, Passat VI , Passat CC, Scirocco III, Sharan II, Tiguan, VW Polo VI GTI |
| 2.0 l (1984 cm³) |
150 kW (204 hp) | VW T5 bus |
| 2.0 l (1984 cm³) |
155 kW (211 hp) | Audi A4 B8, A5, A6 C7, TT 8J, Q3, Q5, Seat Leon II FR, Exeo, VW Beetle, VW Eos, Golf VI GTI, Golf Cabriolet, Jetta VI, Passat CC , VW Passat B7 , Scirocco III, Tiguan |
| 2.0 l (1984 cm³) |
162 kW (220 PS) | Audi A4 B7, Seat Alhambra II, Škoda Octavia III RS, Škoda Superb III , VW Golf VII GTI, VW Passat B8 , VW Polo R WRC, VW Scirocco III, Sharan II, VW Tiguan II |
| 2.0 l (1984 cm³) |
165 kW (225 hp) | Audi Q5, Audi A4 B8 |
| 2.0 l (1984 cm³) |
169 kW (230 PS) | Audi TT (8S) , Audi Q5 (8R), Škoda Octavia III RS, VW Golf V GTI Edition 30, VW Golf V GTI Pirelli, VW Golf VII GTI "Performance" |
| 2.0 l (1984 cm³) |
170 kW (231 hp) | Audi S1 |
| 2.0 l (1984 cm³) |
173 kW (235 hp) | VW Golf VI GTI Edition 35 |
| 2.0 l (1984 cm³) |
177 kW (240 PS) | Seat Leon II Cupra, VW Golf V GTI Limited Edition 240 |
| 2.0 l (1984 cm³) |
180 kW (245 PS) | VW Golf VII GTI "Performance" 2017 |
| 2.0 l (1984 cm³) |
185 kW (252 hp) | Audi A4 B9 |
| 2.0 l (1984 cm³) |
188 kW (256 hp) | Audi A1 quattro |
| 2.0 l (1984 cm³) |
195 kW (265 hp) | Audi S3 8P , Seat Leon II Cupra R, Seat Leon III Cupra, VW Golf VI R Cabrio , VW Scirocco III R, VW Golf VII GTI Clubsport |
| 2.0 l (1984 cm³) |
199 kW (270 hp) | VW Golf VI R. |
| 2.0 l (1984 cm³) |
200 kW (272 hp) | Audi TTS |
| 2.0 l (1984 cm³) |
206 kW (280 PS) | Seat Leon III Cupra, Scirocco III R , Škoda Superb III , VW Passat B8 |
| 2.0 l (1984 cm³) |
210 kW (286 hp) | Seat Leon II Copa Edition |
| 2.0 l (1984 cm³) |
213 kW (290 hp) | Seat Leon III Cupra 290 |
| 2.0 l (1984 cm³) |
221 kW (300 hp) | Audi S3 8V , VW Golf VII R, Seat Leon III Cupra 300, Cupra Ateca |
| 2.0 l (1984 cm³) |
228 kW (310 hp) | Audi TTS (8S) , Audi S3 (8V), VW Golf VII R, Seat Leon III Cupra R Limited Edition, VW Golf GTI "Clubsport S" |
| 2.0 l (1984 cm³) |
265 kW (360 hp) | VW Golf R360S (Limited to 220 pieces Switzerland) |
| Five-cylinder in-line engine | ||
| 2.5 l (2480 cm³) |
228 kW (310 hp) | Audi TT S (FV) , RS3 , RS Q3 |
| 2.5 l (2480 cm³) |
250 kW (340 hp) | Audi TT RS (8J), RS3 , RS Q3 |
| 2.5 l (2480 cm³) |
265 kW (360 hp) | Audi TT RS plus (8J) |
| 2.5 l (2480 cm³) |
270 kW (367 hp) | Audi RS3 |
| 2.5 l (2480 cm³) |
294 kW (400 hp) | Audi RS3, Audi TT RS (FV) |
| Eight cylinder V engines | ||
| 4.0 l (3993 cm³) |
309 kW (420 hp) | Audi S6 C7 , S7 |
| 4.0 l (3993 cm³) |
382 kW (520 hp) | Audi S8 D4 |
| 4.0 l (3993 cm³) |
412 kW (560 hp) | Audi RS6 C7 , Audi RS7 |
| 4.0 l (3993 cm³) |
445 kW (605 hp) | Audi RS6 C7 (Performance) , Audi RS7 (Performance) , Audi S8 plus |
| Ten cylinder V engine | ||
| 5.0 l (4991 cm³) |
426 kW (580 hp) | Audi RS6 C6 |
TSI and TFSI as supercharger
In 2008 a 3-liter V6 engine with supercharging ( Roots blower ) appeared under the name TFSI . This has also been used as a TSI for the hybrid model of the new generation of the VW Touareg since 2010 . Thanks to this supercharging variant, the unit offers a torque that is comparable to that of a naturally aspirated engine with a larger displacement with lower consumption at the same time.
| Displacement | power | use |
|---|---|---|
| 3.0 l | 200 kW (272 hp) | Audi A4 B8 , A5 , Q5 , Q7 |
| 3.0 l | 213 kW (290 hp) | Audi A6 C6 , A8 D4 |
| 3.0 l | 220 kW (300 PS) | Audi A6 C7 , A7 |
| 3.0 l | 228 kW (310 hp) | Audi A6 C7, A7 |
| 3.0 l | 245 kW (333 hp) | Audi S4 B8 , S5 , Q7, VW Touareg II |
Representation of the variants
From the outside, the engines can be recognized by their typical VW color scheme. Basically, if a model has TSI engines with different outputs and the same cubic capacity, none of the letters is colored red in the vehicle with lower output. The model with the more powerful engine has the letter "I" in red on the rear.
Examples:
The “I” is colored red on the 90 kW TSI engine with 1.4 liter displacement, which is available in various VW models. The more powerful 118 kW TSI has the “S” and “I” in red on the tailgate (exceptions are the Golf VI Cabriolet and the Tiguan, where all letters are red). On the 2.0 liter TSI engine with 125 kW, the "I" is red and on the 147 kW or 155 kW the "SI" letters are always colored red.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Center for Automotive Research: Article on the drive variants of the modular transverse matrix ( memento of the original from March 19, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 1.7 MB), accessed February 16, 2013
- ↑ Volkswagen Group introducing Modular Transverse Matrix this year; new engine families, lighter weight construction, powertrain flexibility. Green Car Congress, February 1, 2012, accessed January 14, 2016 .
