Wallesau

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Wallesau
City of Roth
Coordinates: 49 ° 11 ′ 25 ″  N , 11 ° 6 ′ 37 ″  E
Height : 386 m above sea level NHN
Residents : 161  (Jan. 2, 2018)
Incorporation : January 1, 1972
Postal code : 91154
Area code : 09171
Wallesau (Bavaria)
Wallesau

Location of Wallesau in Bavaria
Wallesau, view from the north
Wallesau, view from the north

Wallesau (colloquially Wallisau ) is a district of the city of Roth in the district of Roth in Middle Franconia .

geography

The parish village is about 6.5 km south of Roth. The Wallersbach, a left tributary of the Roth, rises to the east . Approx. 750 m to the east is the "Steiner Weiher", which can be used as a swimming pond with camping facilities. It is fed by the Lochbach, which flows into the Wallersbach as the right tributary. The place is located in a clearing of a larger, contiguous forest area, called the "Stockach" in the south, the "Heiligenholz" in the southwest, "Schönleben" in the west, "Bergkerbe" in the northwest, "In der Heide" in the north-east the "firewood", in the east the "Vogelherd" and the "Frauenholz", in the southeast the "Speichwald". Approx. Two kilometers south is the "Rötenberg" ( 429  m above sea level ).

The district road RH 7 leads to Eckersmühlen to state road 2220 (3.7 km northeast) or to federal road 2 near Wernsbach (2.3 km southwest). The district road RH 34 leads to Laffenau (3.4 km south). A communal road runs to Obersteinbach adHaide (2.4 km northwest).

history

The foundation of Wallesau cannot be precisely dated. With some certainty there was already in the 11th / 12th. Century a chapel with the patronage of St. Gunthildis. It is believed that this is St. Gunthildis von Suffersheim is about. The landlords of the entire area including Wallesau were initially the lords of Pappenheim . In a document (probably before 1300), which cannot be dated precisely, in which the purchase of numerous farms by Nuremberg patricians was confirmed, the place was first mentioned as "Walhensau".

The meaning of the place name cannot be clarified with certainty. So far, two theories have been advocated:

  1. Derived from Latin from "vallis" (= valley), which the dialectal name Wallisau would also speak for, and Aue . However, this derivation of the name can be questioned: Although the place is located on a body of water, it is fairly level with the entire surrounding area.
  2. Derived from the Germanic name for the Celts , Walhos , which was also used figuratively to designate people who looked foreign ( Walh ). This leads to the meaning "floodplain of the foreign".

In 1381 a feud between the Lords of Stein and the imperial city of Nuremberg was reported, as a result of which several courts went up in flames.

Around 1441 Albrecht Achilles , the then Margrave of Ansbach, had a new chapel built in honor of the Blessed Virgin Mary in place of the old chapel. A wave of foundations to the Marienkirche made it possible that the early mass could be held in it from 1451. In 1461 there were taxes from two estates at Uttenhofen and in 1469 from two estates at Rittersbach and taxes at Schönbrunn .

The construction of this church was probably less religious than politically motivated, because this gave Brandenburg-Ansbach the sovereignty of church assembly protection in Wallesau over Bavaria-Landshut and later Pfalz-Neuburg . This led to a dispute, which was contractually regulated in 1517 so that both principalities were allowed to alternate between exercising sovereignty.

In the 16-point report of the Roth caste office from 1608, there were 19 properties in Wallesau. The landlords were the Roth church (8 properties), the Hilpoltstein church (2 properties), the Hilpoltstein nursing office and castle (5 properties), the imperial city of Nuremberg (3 properties) and Bamberg (1 property).

During the Thirty Years War , Croatians from the imperial army destroyed the village of Wallesau except for the church and sacristan's house in October 1633 and stole all three church bells. The first religious refugees from Upper Austria arrived in 1653 and rebuilt the village. In 1660 the repair of the church with the three altars began.

After 1700 a dispute broke out over the rule over Wallesau between the Hilpoltstein nursing office in the imperial city of Nuremberg and the Ansbach Oberamt Roth . In 1730, with the support of the Margravine von Ansbach, the parish was upgraded to an independent parish, which it still is today. In 1756, the Principality of Ansbach made it possible to rebuild the church, which was kept in margrave style. Wallersbach, built in 1780, initially belonged to the political community . However, this already belonged to Eckersmühlen towards the end of the 18th century .

At the end of the 18th century there were 29 properties in Wallesau. The high court exercised the Brandenburg-Ansbach Oberamt Roth . The rulership of the village and commune was held by the Brandenburg-Ansbach caste office in Roth and the Palatinate-Bavarian caste office in Hilpoltstein on an annual basis. The landlords were the Roth Kastenamt (13 properties taxable there and the Wallesau church valid, interest and hand wages: 6 half yards, 4 Köblergüter , 1 estate with tavern , 2 Gütlein), Pfalz-Bayern (12 properties; Kastenamt Hilpoltstein: 2 half yards, 1 Köblergut, 1 estate with tavern, 2 Gütlein; Möning parish: 1 Halbhof, 1 Gütlein; Upper Parish Bamberg: 2 Ganzhöfe, 2 Halbhöfe), the state charity office of the Imperial City of Nuremberg (1 Ganzhof) and Nuremberg owners ( from Dilherr : 1 Schmiedgütlein; von Haller : 2 half courtyards). In addition to the property, there were also church buildings (parish church, parish widdum) and communal buildings (school, shepherd's house). In 1804 there were 24 properties in the village, 10 of which were Brandenburg-Ansbach and 14 were partly Palatinate-Bavarian and partly Nuremberg.

In 1806 Wallesau came to the Kingdom of Bavaria . As part of the municipal edict, the Wallesau tax district was formed in 1808 , to which Mauk , Obermauk and Wernsbach belonged. In 1811 the rural community of Wallesau was created. In administration and jurisdiction, it was subordinate to the Pleinfeld Regional Court ( renamed the Roth Regional Court in 1858 ) and the financial management of the Spalt Rent Office ( renamed the Spalt Tax Office in 1920 ). From 1862 Wallesau was administered by the Schwabach District Office (renamed the Schwabach District in 1938 ). The jurisdiction remained until 1879 the District Court Roth, 1880 at the District Court Roth . In 1932 the Spalt tax office was dissolved. Since then Wallesau has been subordinate to the Schwabach tax office . The municipality had an area of ​​19.114 km².

In the course of the regional reform in Bavaria , the municipality of Wallesau was dissolved on January 1, 1972: The place Wallesau was incorporated into Roth, the other districts into Georgensgmünd .

Wallesau has kept its rural structure to this day and has therefore not expanded much.

Architectural monuments

  • Stone cross north of Wallesau
  • Badstrasse 3: Associated half-timbered barn
  • Badstrasse 3: residential stable house
  • Eckersmühlener Str. 3: Evang.-luth. church
  • Eckersmühlener Str. 5: Former school building
  • Eckersmühlener Str. 7: rectory
  • Eckersmühlener Str. 9: residential stable house
  • Heidecker Str. 2: farmhouse
  • Steinbacher Str. 8: residential stable house
  • Steinbacher Str. 13/15: farm

Population development

Wallesau community

year 1818 1840 1852 1855 1861 1867 1871 1875 1880 1885 1890 1895 1900 1905 1910 1919 1925 1933 1939 1946 1950 1952 1961 1970
Residents 438 416 472 496 516 524 494 443 487 483 494 485 443 445 419 426 442 410 409 557 515 471 437 423
Houses 78 82 97 100 99 96 99 101
source

Place Wallesau

year 001818 001840 001861 001871 001885 001900 001925 001950 001961 001970 001987 002013 002018
Residents 203 174 203 210 187 154 175 211 161 160 135 147 161
Houses 36 38 42 39 38 36 38 41
source

literature

Web links

Commons : Wallesau  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d www.stadt-roth.de
  2. ↑ a b c W. Ulsamer (Ed.), P. 607.
  3. ↑ Wallesau in the Bavaria Atlas
  4. ↑ So W. Ulsamer (Ed.), P. 607. According to F. Eigler, p. 175, it was first mentioned in 1345 as "Walhesau" in the Salbuch of the Eichstätter cathedral chapter.
  5. ↑ See also Wallersdorf (Ansbach) (see Elisabeth Fechter: Die Ortnames des Landkreises Ansbach . Inaugural dissertation. Erlangen 1955, DNB  480570132 , p. 192 . )
  6. ↑ F. Eigler, p. 175.
  7. ↑ W. Ulsamer (Ed.), P. 608 f. There, as well as on Roth's website, the Heideck nursing office is incorrectly stated.
  8. ↑ W. Ulsamer (Ed.), P. 273.
  9. ↑ F. Eigler, p. 429 f.
  10. ↑ JK Bundschuh, Vol. 6, Col. 90.
  11. ↑ F. Eigler, p. 487.
  12. ↑ a b c Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official city directory for Bavaria, territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census . Issue 260 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1964, DNB  453660959 , Section II, Sp. 826 ( digitized version ).
  13. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 568 .
  14. ↑ a b Only inhabited houses are given. In 1818 these were designated as fireplaces , in 1840 as houses and from 1871 to 1987 as residential buildings.
  15. ↑ a b Alphabetical index of all the localities contained in the Rezatkreise according to its constitution by the newest organization: with indication of a. the tax districts, b. Judicial Districts, c. Rent offices in which they are located, then several other statistical notes . Ansbach 1818, p. 99 ( digitized version ). For the municipality of Wallisau plus the residents and buildings of Mauk (p. 58), Obermauk (p. 67) and Wörnbach (p. 104)
  16. ^ A b Eduard Vetter (Ed.): Statistical handbook and address book of Middle Franconia in the Kingdom of Bavaria . Self-published, Ansbach 1846, p. 219-220 ( digitized version ).
  17. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Historical municipality register: The population of the municipalities of Bavaria from 1840 to 1952 (=  contributions to Statistics Bavaria . Issue 192). Munich 1954, DNB  451478568 , p. 184 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00066439-3 ( digitized ).
  18. ↑ a b Joseph Heyberger, Chr. Schmitt, v. Wachter: Topographical-statistical manual of the Kingdom of Bavaria with an alphabetical local dictionary . In: K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Bavaria. Regional and folklore of the Kingdom of Bavaria . tape 5 . Literary and artistic establishment of the JG Cotta'schen Buchhandlung, Munich 1867, Sp. 1090 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb10374496-4 ( digitized ).
  19. ↑ a b Kgl. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to districts, administrative districts, court districts and municipalities, including parish, school and post office affiliation ... with an alphabetical general register containing the population according to the results of the census of December 1, 1875 . Adolf Ackermann, Munich 1877, 2nd section (population figures from 1871, cattle figures from 1873), Sp. 1258 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00052489-4 ( digitized version ).
  20. ↑ a b K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Localities directory of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to government districts, administrative districts, ... then with an alphabetical register of locations, including the property and the responsible administrative district for each location. LIV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1888, Section III, Sp. 1192 ( digitized version ).
  21. ↑ a b K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Directory of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria, with alphabetical register of places . LXV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1904, Section II, Sp. 1265-1266 ( digitized version ).
  22. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Localities directory for the Free State of Bavaria according to the census of June 16, 1925 and the territorial status of January 1, 1928 . Issue 109 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1928, Section II, Sp. 1303 ( digitized version ).
  23. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria - edited on the basis of the census of September 13, 1950 . Issue 169 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1952, DNB  453660975 , Section II, Sp. 1128 ( digitized version ).
  24. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Official local directory for Bavaria . Issue 335 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1973, DNB  740801384 , p. 180 ( digitized version ). For Mauk, Obermauk and Wernsbach: p. 179.
  25. ↑ Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing (Ed.): Official local directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 . Issue 450 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich November 1991, DNB  94240937X , p. 349 ( digitized version ).