Georgensgmünd

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the Georgensgmünd community
Georgensgmünd
Map of Germany, position of the municipality Georgensgmünd highlighted

Coordinates: 49 ° 11 '  N , 11 ° 1'  E

Basic data
State : Bavaria
Administrative region : Middle Franconia
County : Roth
Height : 358 m above sea level NHN
Area : 46.94 km 2
Residents: 6741 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 144 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 91166
Area code : 09172
License plate : RH, HIP
Community key : 09 5 76 121
Community structure: 13 parts of the community
Address of the
municipal administration:
Bahnhofstrasse 4
91166 Georgensgmünd
Website : www.georgensgmuend.de
Mayor : Ben Schwarz ( SPD )
Location of the community Georgensgmünd in the district of Roth
Nürnberg Landkreis Nürnberger Land Landkreis Fürth Schwabach Landkreis Ansbach Landkreis Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen Landkreis Neumarkt in der Oberpfalz Soos Abenberger Wald Dechenwald Heidenberg Forst Kleinschwarzenlohe Büchenbach Georgensgmünd Kammerstein Schwanstetten Rednitzhembach Rohr (Mittelfranken) Rohr (Mittelfranken) Roth Thalmässing Wendelstein (Mittelfranken) Spalt Röttenbach (Landkreis Roth) Hilpoltstein Heideck Greding Allersberg Abenbergmap
About this picture
Georgensgmünd Town Hall
Franconian Rezat near Georgensgmünd
The former paper mill
Jewish cemetery (16th century) in Georgensgmünd
Evangelical Church of St. George (18th century) from the northeast

Georgensgmünd ( Franconian : Schoschlasgmind ,) is a municipality and a place in the Central Franconian district of Roth .

geography

The community is located in the Franconian Lake District at the confluence of the Franconian Rezat and Swabian Rezat to the Rednitz and is part of the Nuremberg Metropolitan Region . The Spalter hill country rises to the west of Georgensgmünd .

Community structure

There are 13 officially named parts of the municipality (the type of settlement is given in brackets ):

There are also four unofficial parts of the community: Hammerschmiede , Upper Paper Mill , Lower Paper Mill and Ziegelhütte . They merged with Friedrichsgmünd in the Georgensgmünd part of the municipality.

There are the districts Georgensgmünd, Petersgmünd, Mäbenberg, Rittersbach, Obersteinbach o. G. and Wallesau.

history

middle Ages

The place was first mentioned in 1304 as "Gmündt", since 1410 it was called "Jorgengemund", from 1531 as "Georgesgemundt". The place name is derived from the field name of the same name, which is based on the Old High German word gimundi (mouth). To distinguish between places with the same name in the immediate vicinity, the name of St. George ( Jörg ) was added as a qualifier. Since Georgensgmünd was on important trade routes , traders and travelers moved through the place. At the end of the 16th century, a good number of Jews came to the town. The synagogue and the Jewish cemetery are evidence of this time.

The lords of Hausen, a lower noble family from Weiboldshausen , were feudal men of the Nuremberg burgraves from 1292 . Until 1548 they owned a number of properties in and around Georgensgmünd. In addition, they had the right of patronage to the Church of St. George. Your coat of arms is a red ibex with black horns on a gold background. Georgensgmünd belonged to the Principality of Ansbach from 1548 to 1792 .

At the end of the 18th century there were 74 properties in Georgensgmünd. The high court exercised the Brandenburg-Ansbach Oberamt Roth , the village and community rulership was held by the judge's office in Georgensgmünd . The landlords were the judges' office in Georgensgmünd (64 properties: 3 whole farms, 12 Köbler estates , 5 estates , 1 tavern , 1 cone, 39 empty houses , 1 forge, 1 grinding, saw and oil mill, 1 brickworks), the Eichstätt bishopric ( Abenberg caste office : 1 Ganzhof, 4 Halbhöfe; the Kastenamt Spalt , the collegiate monastery St. Emmeram and St. Nikolaus: 1 Ganzhof), the State Almosenamt of the Imperial City of Nuremberg (1 Halbhof, 1 Leerhaus) and the Nuremberg owner von Mohr (1 Ganzhof, 1 Leerhaus). In addition to the property, there was the schoolhouse and the shepherd's house as communal buildings and the parish church, the rectory and the synagogue as church buildings.

Modern times

In 1792 the principality of Ansbach and with it Georgensgmünd first became Prussian and in 1806 Bavarian . As part of the municipal edict, the Georgensgmünd tax district was formed in 1808 , to which Bernlohe, Eisenhammer (Hammerschmiede), Friedrichsgemünd, Hauslach, Oberheckenhofen, Obere Papiermühle, Petersgmünd and Ziegelhütte belonged. In 1811 the rural community Georgensgmünd was formed with Eisenhammer, Friedrichsgemünd, Hauslach, Oberheckenhofen, Obere paper mill and brickworks. In administration and jurisdiction, it was subordinate to the Pleinfeld Regional Court ( renamed the Roth Regional Court in 1858 ) and the financial management of the Spalt Rent Office ( renamed the Spalt Tax Office in 1920 ).

From 1862 Georgensgmünd was supervised by the Schwabach district office (renamed the Schwabach district in 1938 ). The jurisdiction remained until 1879 the District Court Roth, 1880 at the District Court Roth . On April 1st, the Hämmerleinsmühle was changed from Mäbenberg to Georgensgmünd. In 1932 the Spalt tax office was dissolved. Since then Georgensgmünd has been subordinate to the Schwabach tax office in the financial administration .

The municipality had an area of ​​13,337 km².

Special event

On October 19, 2016, a resident of Georgensgmünd who claimed to be a citizen of the Reich shot and killed police officer Daniel Ernst and injured three other police officers.

Incorporations

On July 1, 1971, the district of Untersteinbach was incorporated into the dissolved community of Obersteinbach ob Gmünd .

On January 1, 1972, parts of the dissolved community of Wallesau were incorporated.

On June 1, 1972 Mäbenberg and Petersgmünd were added.

on May 1, 1978, the greater part of the dissolved municipality of Rittersbach followed.

The Georgensgmünd administrative association founded in 1978 was dissolved again in 1980.

Population development

Georgensgmünd community

year 1818 1840 1852 1861 1867 1871 1875 1880 1885 1890 1895 1900 1905 1910 1919 1925 1933 1939 1946 1950 1961 1970 1987 2007 2011 2016
Residents 961 1020 1109 1249 1301 1314 1323 1386 1529 1519 1531 1580 1607 1660 1693 1675 1811 1850 2853 3051 3298 3844 5167 6696 6650 6660
Houses 187 155 231 252 272 300 379 583 1396 2036
source

Georgensgmünd municipality

year 001818 001840 001861 001871 001885 001900 001925 001950 001961 001970 001987
Residents 585 606 776 749 832 849 760 2832 * 3143 * 3710 * 3529 *
Houses 112 94 145 146 157 348 * 551 * 936 *
source
* including Friedrichsgmünd, Hammerschmiede, Obere paper mill, brickworks

politics

Municipal council

The municipal council consists of 20 members. Distribution of seats 2014–2020:

  • CSU : 6 seats
  • SPD : 5 seats
  • Free voters : 3 seats
  • We Gmünder: 3 seats
  • Greens: 3 seats

mayor

choice First Mayor Second mayor
1946 Wilhelm Müller (SPD) Johann Andreas Maderholz
1948 Wilhelm Müller (SPD) Johann Katheder
1952 August Haarländer (GEL) Hans Aufhammer (SPD)
1956 August Haarländer (GEL) Hans Aufhammer (SPD)
1960 August Haarländer (SPD) Hubert Prim (BHE 1960–1965), Hans Aufhammer (SPD 1965/66)
1966 Fritz Schönwald (SPD) August Wunram (1966–1969), Manfred Pirner (1969–1972)
1972 Fritz Schönwald (SPD) Josef Baader (SPD)
1978 Fritz Schönwald (SPD) Karl Kolb (CSU)
1984 Fritz Schönwald (SPD) Wolfgang Boll (CSU)
1990 Klaus Wernard (SPD) Wolfgang Boll (CSU)
1996 Klaus Wernard (SPD) Wolfgang Boll (CSU)
2002 Klaus Wernard (SPD) Eva Loch (CSU)
2008 Eva Loch (CSU) Jürgen Richter (LB)
2011 Ben Schwarz (SPD) Jürgen Richter (LB)
2014 Ben Schwarz (SPD) Georg Schiffermüller (CSU)

Legend:
GEL = Georgensgmünder Unity List (CSU / FDP)
BHE = Block of expellees and disenfranchised (later “All-German Block”)
LB = Living and protecting

The First Mayor Eva Loch ( CSU ) died on June 28, 2011. Jürgen Richter (Living & Preserving) took over the official business as second Mayor.

On October 9, 2011, Ben Schwarz ( SPD ) was elected as the new First Mayor and sworn in on October 12.

badges and flags

The community has had a coat of arms since 1968.

Georgensgmünd coat of arms
Blazon : “In silver, a blue wavy head ; in front a floating red bar cross, behind two stacked green hop cones on a stem. "

Green, white and blue municipal flag

Justification of the coat of arms: The coat of arms of Georgensgmünd shows three characteristic elements of the community on a silver background. The wave göpel in the middle symbolizes the confluence of the Franconian and Swabian Rezat . The Balkenkreuz indicates the cross of Saint George , to whom the church in Georgensgmünd is consecrated. The two hop cones standing on top of one another indicate the importance of the place as one of the main areas in Franconian hop growing.

Culture and sights

St. George's Church

Visible from afar, the tower of St. George with its green glazed bricks rises above the town as a landmark. The church, dedicated to the patron saint of castles and knights , gave the village its name. The building was built in 1757/58 by the court builder Johann David Steingruber from Ansbach in place of the old Romanesque church as a typical margrave church in the simple late Baroque style; the tower is closed off by a mansard roof-like tower hood with a pointed roof. In 1364 the St. George's Church ("ecclesie in Gmund") was first mentioned in a document.

Catholic Church of St. Wunibald

A first St. Wunibald church was built in 1931/32 by Michael, Hans and Karl Gsaenger and consecrated on May 8, 1932. When after the Second World War the 120 places in the church were no longer enough after the arrival of displaced Catholics, the pastor Egid Harrer commissioned Wolfgang Gsaenger with a new building with 400 places. In 1964 the old church was torn down, the new building was erected from 1966 and consecrated on December 18 of the same year by the Eichstätter Bishop Joseph Schröffer in the presence of Protestant clergymen. In addition to the high roof, which is supposed to be reminiscent of the Franconian architecture, the free-standing bell tower with its high, pointed roof, in which a youth room, a workshop and a library are housed, is remarkable.

water wheel

The six-meter-high water wheel from 1912 was rebuilt in 1983 on the Franconian Rezat where the early industrial age of the place had begun: Once there was a paper mill that was later converted into a glass loop and around 1900 into the town's first power station . Today the historic water wheel is an eye-catcher and namesake of the water wheel festival that takes place every June.

synagogue

For almost 400 years, from around 1560 to 1938, Jews lived on site and at times made up a third of the population. With a synagogue , two ritual baths ( mikvaot ), a large cemetery and a dead laundry ( Taharahaus ) in Georgensgmünd a typical ensemble former Jewish life in rural areas is fully preserved. Inside the synagogue from 1734, parts of the original painting have been exposed, which in style and execution point to the famous Polish traveling painter Elieser Sussmann .

Jewish Cemetery

Georgensgmünd Jewish cemetery

The Jewish cemetery was laid out around 1580 by the Jew Jakob Jud from Roth and also served as a burial place for the Jewish communities in the area as far as Windsbach , Thalmässing , Roth and Schwabach . On an area of ​​11,800 m², around 1,800 gravestones have been preserved, which can be viewed during the day. The renovated Tahara house dates from 1723 and is one of the oldest in Bavaria. In 1946, a Schwabach concentration camp survivor was the last Jew to be buried there.

Sculpture path

15 sculptures made of Jurassic limestone , oak and steel were created at the turn of the year 2000 in a joint, open artist workshop and have since turned the footpath and bike path in the direction of Roth to Oberheckenhofen into an open-air gallery. The 2.4 km long route is part of a cycle path connection between the lakes of the Franconian Lake District. On each sculpture there is information with a description of the work of art.

Planet path

The origin of the planet path from Georgensgmünd to Spalt: The sun

In the summer of 2000, a planet path on a scale of 1: 1,000,000,000 was opened between Georgensgmünd and Spalt . The sun and the eight planets orbiting it (as well as Pluto ) are shown as a model with their distances to one another. The planet path begins behind the Georgensgmünder Rathausplatz with a sun globe. The route leads along a seven kilometer long cycle path through the Rezat Valley to Spalter train station, where Pluto is the (dwarf) planet furthest from the sun. A board for each of the celestial bodies explains the most important data.

Summer cellar

The summer cellar of the former Böhm brewery is shown in a plan from 1820. The history of its creation and expansion is not known. Since the beginning of 2013, the basement with entrance area has been renovated and researched by Gmünd citizens on the initiative of the Angersteg Foundation. It extends approx. 60 m into the repeatedly disturbed castle sandstone above Rittersbacher Straße. The tunnel is at least 100 m long. Its use as a storage cellar for beer is known and secured. But food and other goods were also stored.

Sights nearby

Among other things, it is worth seeing:

  • the Druidenstein near Mäbenberg, a legendary sandstone, which is regarded as a witch cult site,
  • the Wernsbach quarries , in which stones were mined after the Second World War , with which buildings in Nuremberg's old town were partially (re) built.
Quarry, panoramic view, November 2013
  • The Nussermertelshöhle at the Gmünd quarries was renovated in 2012 by Georgensgmünd citizens. It is possibly a remnant of the Hauslach mines from the 17th century.
  • the ore mines under the Hörlberg with remains of the iron ore opencast mine from the 16th or 17th century, the iron ores were smelted directly on site in the "iron smelter". In the district of Friedrichsgmünd, an iron production company had changing importance from around 1520 to 1732.

Architectural monuments

Regular events

  • Parish celebrations
    • in Wernsbach on the third Sunday after Easter,
    • in Untersteinbach and Mauk at Pentecost,
    • for Petersgmünd on Sunday to St. Veit (June 15),
    • in Mäbenberg is celebrated on the last Sunday in June,
    • in Rittersbach on the Sunday after the day of Saint Wilibald, July 7th,
    • in Georgensgmünd on the first Sunday in August.
  • Other
    • Christmas market in Georgensgmünd is always on the second weekend of Advent,
    • At the end of May, the water wheel festival takes place through numerous clubs and groups. The focal point is the undershot water wheel on the former Schallers factory canal.

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

Georgensgmünd is connected to the Treuchtlingen – Nuremberg railway line . The regional express trains of Deutsche Bahn stop at least once an hour. The Georgensgmünd – Spalt railway line was shut down in the 1990s. Today a cycle path leads along its original course.

The state road 2224 leading to Pleinfeld or after Schwabach . The national road 2223 leads to gap or to the national road 2 in Mauk . The district road RH 9 leads to Petersgmünd or via the Hämmerleinsmühle to Untersteinbach ob Gmünd . The district road RH 6 leads to Hauslach . A community road leads to Mäbenberg .

Business park Obere Lerch and Breitenloher Weg

The municipality has a relatively large industrial area in the south, in which small and medium-sized companies from a wide variety of industries have settled. It is connected directly to federal highway 2 by means of a bypass road (Spalter Spange) . The area of ​​the area is approx. 0.90 km².

Established businesses

Small to medium-sized companies and a. The community is active in the fields of plant engineering and mechanical engineering, precision parts, filtration systems, mold construction, prefabricated house construction, rubber, baby articles, cosmetic articles, swimming pool roofing, software, trapezoidal sheets, vehicle technology, and film production.

media

The monthly community newspaper Gmünder Rundschau is distributed free of charge to all households, financed by advertisements from companies located in the community area that are part of the Gmünder advertising association.

Public facilities

education

In 2005 the following institutions existed:

  • Crèche : Located as a new building next to the “Noah's Ark” kindergarten. In 2013 a second day nursery was opened in the street Am Berg, which is conveniently located right next to the new development area. The municipality thus also offers working commuters the option of looking after small children while they are working. In addition, a local prefabricated house manufacturer opened a third day nursery in the immediate vicinity of the industrial area.
  • Three kindergartens , two of them in Georgensgmünd with a total of 215 places, one in Rittersbach
  • Elementary school : Dr. Mehler School, elementary and middle school
  • Branch of the adult education center Roth

Personalities

Honorary citizen

Heinrich Mehler (1859–1926), after whom Georgensgmünd 's primary and secondary school and a multi-purpose hall are named, is one of the most outstanding personalities in the Georgensgmünd community . As the son of a Jewish merchant , Mehler settled as a doctor in Georgensgmünd in 1887 and became a doctor at the community hospital that same year.

Sons and daughters of the church

societies

The largest club in Georgensgmünd is the TSV Georgensgmünd with approx. 1300 members. There is also the shooting club, the youth band and various music groups, e.g. B. New Gmünder brass music, Gmünder Kirwa musicians and the Gmünder young citizens.

Others

The market square and the train station (platforms 2 and 3) in Georgensgmünd served as the backdrop in the 1981 film Frankfurt Kaiserstraße .

The community achieved media fame because of the police murder in 2016 .

literature

Web links

Commons : Georgensgmünd  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. a b W.-A. v. Reitzenstein, p. 80 f.
  3. ^ Community Georgensgmünd in the local database of the Bavarian State Library Online . Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, accessed on September 23, 2019.
  4. F. Eigler, p. 391.
  5. F. Eigler, p. 472.
  6. a b c Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official city directory for Bavaria, territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census . Issue 260 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1964, DNB  453660959 , Section II, Sp. 823 ( digitized version ).
  7. "Reichsbürger" was considered harmless [1]
  8. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 568 .
  9. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 733 .
  10. a b Only inhabited houses are given. In 1818 these were designated as fireplaces , in 1840 as houses , and from 1871 to 2016 as residential buildings.
  11. a b Alphabetical index of all the localities contained in the Rezatkreise according to its constitution by the newest organization: with indication of a. the tax districts, b. Judicial Districts, c. Rent offices in which they are located, then several other statistical notes . Ansbach 1818, p. 29 ( digitized version ). For the community of Georgensgmünd plus the residents and buildings of Eisenhammer (p. 22), Friedrichsgemünd (p. 27), Hauslach (p. 37), Oberhöckenhofen (p. 66) and paper mill (p. 70).
  12. ^ A b Eduard Vetter (Ed.): Statistical handbook and address book of Middle Franconia in the Kingdom of Bavaria . Self-published, Ansbach 1846, p. 216 ( digitized version ).
  13. a b c d e f g h i j k l Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Historical municipality directory: The population of the municipalities of Bavaria from 1840 to 1952 (=  contributions to Statistics Bavaria . Issue 192). Munich 1954, DNB  451478568 , p. 184 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00066439-3 ( digitized ).
  14. a b Joseph Heyberger, Chr. Schmitt, v. Wachter: Topographical-statistical manual of the Kingdom of Bavaria with an alphabetical local dictionary . In: K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Bavaria. Regional and folklore of the Kingdom of Bavaria . tape 5 . Literary and artistic establishment of the JG Cotta'schen Buchhandlung, Munich 1867, Sp. 1089 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb10374496-4 ( digital copy ). Georgensgmünd: 775 inhabitants; Railway keeper's house: 1 E.
  15. a b Kgl. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to districts, administrative districts, court districts and municipalities, including parish, school and post office affiliation ... with an alphabetical general register containing the population according to the results of the census of December 1, 1875 . Adolf Ackermann, Munich 1877, 2nd section (population figures from 1871, cattle figures from 1873), Sp. 1256 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00052489-4 ( digitized version ). Georgensgmünd: 745 inhabitants; Train station: 4 E.
  16. a b K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Localities directory of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to government districts, administrative districts, ... then with an alphabetical register of locations, including the property and the responsible administrative district for each location. LIV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1888, Section III, Sp. 1191 ( digitized version ). Georgensgmünd: 807 inhabitants, 140 residential buildings; Train station: 25 E., 5 Wgb.
  17. a b K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Directory of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria, with alphabetical register of places . LXV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1904, Section II, Sp. 1263-1264 ( digitized version ). Georgensgmünd: 825 inhabitants, 142 residential buildings; Train station: 24 E., 4 apartments.
  18. a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Localities directory for the Free State of Bavaria according to the census of June 16, 1925 and the territorial status of January 1, 1928 . Issue 109 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1928, Section II, Sp. 1301 ( digitized version ). Georgensgmünd: 748 inhabitants, 156 residential buildings; Train station: 12 E., 1 flat.
  19. a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria - edited on the basis of the census of September 13, 1950 . Issue 169 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1952, DNB  453660975 , Section II, Sp. 1124 ( digitized version ).
  20. a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Official local directory for Bavaria . Issue 335 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1973, DNB  740801384 , p. 179 ( digitized version ).
  21. a b Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing (Ed.): Official local directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 . Issue 450 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich November 1991, DNB  94240937X , p. 347 ( digitized version ).
  22. a b c Georgensgmünd: Official statistics of the LfStat
  23. Axel Schwaiger: Georgensgmünd - 700 years of history at the confluence of the Franconian and Swabian Rezat. Georgensgmünd community, 2002, ISBN 3-00-009312-5 , p. 235.
  24. Detlef Gsänger: The newcomer wants to "put the matter in the foreground". In: Local section of the Hilpoltsteiner Zeitung . October 14, 2011, p. 1.
  25. ^ Local councils. Georgensgmünd community, accessed on July 18, 2020 .
  26. ^ Entry on the Georgensgmünd coat of arms  in the database of the House of Bavarian History
  27. Georgensgmünd. In: Kommunalflaggen.eu. Retrieved June 10, 2020 .
  28. Eugen Maria Hausladen: The church and secular building of the 18th century in the Margrave of Ansbach. II. The margravial builder Joh. David Steingruber and the Protestant church building. Published by C. Brügel & Sohn, Ansbach 1930, pp. 56, 59.
  29. Andrea Franzetti: Twice at the consecration. 50 years of St. Wunibald in Georgensgmünd. In: Church newspaper for the Diocese of Eichstätt from December 11, 2016, p. 16.
  30. OpenStreetMap: Course of the Sculpture Path (accessed on November 17, 2013)
  31. OpenStreetMap: Course of the Planet Path (accessed on November 17, 2013)
  32. http://www.buechereistadl-georgensgmuend.de/fileadmin/Dateien/Dateien/Buechereistadl/Flyer_Buecherei.pdf