Bad Wilsnack
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Coordinates: 52 ° 57 ' N , 11 ° 57' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Brandenburg | |
| County : | Prignitz | |
| Office : | Bad Wilsnack / Weisen | |
| Height : | 27 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 79.69 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 2533 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 32 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 19336 | |
| Area code : | 038791 | |
| License plate : | PR | |
| Community key : | 12 0 70 008 | |
| LOCODE : | DE BH9 | |
| City structure: | 8 districts | |
| Office administration address: | Am Markt 1 19336 Bad Wilsnack |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Hans-Dieter Spielmann | |
| Location of the city of Bad Wilsnack in the Prignitz district | ||
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Bad Wilsnack (until 1929 Wilsnack ) is a spa town and a historical place of pilgrimage in the Prignitz district in north-west Brandenburg .
The country town is the seat of the Bad Wilsnack / Weisen office . The town's landmark is the miraculous blood church of St. Nikolai , a medieval pilgrimage church of once European standing.
The Miracle Blood Pilgrimage Route ends in Bad Wilsnack.
geography
location
Bad Wilsnack is located on the southwestern edge of the Prignitz , just north of the confluence of the Havel and Elbe , about halfway along the Berlin-Hamburg railway line. The city lies on the Karthane , a small river that rises in the heart of the Prignitz and flows into the Elbe near Wittenberge . The area around Bad Wilsnack is part of the Brandenburg biosphere reserve Elbe - Brandenburg river landscape . The "stork village" Rühstädt is only a few kilometers south of the city .
Neighboring communities
Bad Wilsnack borders on the following communities (clockwise, starting from the north): Perleberg , Plattenburg , Legde / Quitzöbel , Rühstädt , Beuster , Wittenberge , Breese .
City structure
The city of Bad Wilsnack is structured as follows:
- Core town Bad Wilsnack with the inhabited parts of the community
- Grube district (with its own local council and mayor) with the inhabited part of the community
The Arnoldsruh, Kampehl and Lanken residential areas also belong to the city.
history
In 1384 Wilsnack, whose early history was determined by its location in the Wendish-Saxon border area, was first mentioned in a document. The occasion was the destruction of the church when the knight Heinrich von Bülow had the town and church burned down on August 15, 1383. Blood miracle hosts are said to have been found on the altar in the ruins . On February 20, 1384 Pope Urban VI. Wilsnack issued a letter of indulgence for the reconstruction of the pilgrimage church. This made Wilsnack a place of pilgrimage for the region and for believers from many countries.
With the money of the pilgrims, the bishops of Havelberg rebuilt the church from 1384 as the miraculous blood church of St. Nikolai ; later they served the diocese as a source of income. Wilsnack was especially popular with Bohemian pilgrims as a pilgrimage destination, which is why Jan Hus in 1403 spoke out vehemently against the worship of the miraculous blood. When the Magdeburg Synod wanted to end the pilgrimages in 1443, the Bishop of Havelberg, together with Elector Friedrich II of Brandenburg and with the support of the Pope, pushed through against the proposed ban. The pilgrimages ended with the burning of the supposed blood host by the first evangelical clergyman in 1552, for which he was initially imprisoned and later expelled from the country. However, the miracle blood shrine from the mid-15th century still exists. As a result of the destruction of the host, the streams of pilgrims gradually ebbed in the course of the 16th century and caused an economic decline in the city.
The Wilsnack rule came to the von Saldern family in 1560 , who shortly before had received the seat of the bishops, the Plattenburg , as a pledge. They took their seat in the prelate house in Wilsnack. In 1780 the manor house was expanded into a castle. In 1945 the family was expropriated. The mansion burned down in 1976.
During the Thirty Years War , Wilsnack was sacked by Imperial, Saxon, Danish and Swedish troops. City fires caused multiple damage, for example in 1690, 1703, 1826 and 1828. On September 2, 1826, 85 families lost their homes when a fire destroyed 24 houses.
Serious damage was also caused by floods, for example when the Elbe dyke broke in 1709 . On 6./7. In March 1830 today's districts of Groß Lüben and Klein Lüben were completely flooded after several dam breaks. The dam breaks were caused by ice drift and ice jam on the Elbe; the damage was considerable.
In 1846 the Hamburg – Berlin railway line (route north of the Elbe) was completed, which also had a stop in Wilsnack. From now on, the tranquil city was easily accessible for city dwellers looking for relaxation, and a modest economic upswing began. In 1899 the city forester Gustav Zimmermann (1841–1914) sent peat samples in a herring can to Berlin to have them examined for their healing properties. A fairly high content of iron oxides (over 28 percent) and humic acids was found. Wilsnack then developed into a health resort . On May 1, 1907, the mud bathing establishment was inaugurated as a municipal spa facility, primarily treating rheumatic ailments as well as abdominal diseases , chronic inflammation of the gall bladder, appendix, veins and varicose veins. In 1928 a moor railway was put into operation. In September 1929, after the opening of a convalescent home for those with social insurance ("Goethehaus", now senior citizens' residence "Haus Goethe"), the Prussian State Ministry officially gave it the title of "Bad". This resulted in a continuous increase in the number of guests, which contributed to the further upswing of the place. In 1940, however, the bathing business came to a standstill as a result of the Second World War .
The persistent efforts of the citizens of Wilsnack to reopen the spa after the end of the war led to the re-granting of the relevant permit by the Soviet military administration in 1946 . In the period that followed, Bad Wilsnack developed into one of the largest mud baths in the GDR, with around 3,000 visitors a year . However, the condition of the spa facilities was recently so bad that after the fall of the Wall the administration of the state of Brandenburg thought of liquidating the pool. This was prevented by the private commitment of a couple of doctors who founded the Bad Wilsnack GmbH health clinic in December 1990. In 1993 the new Elbtalklinik was inaugurated. In 1997, the brine deposit deep below the city was finally drilled in order to also use it for the spa operation. Bad Wilsnack has been officially recognized as a thermal brine and mud bath since 2003.
In 2006, the city administration unveiled a memorial stone in front of the spa hall in memory of the city forester Zimmermann, who owes the discovery of the moor deposits.
At the time of the turnaround in 1989/1990, from October 1989 about a thousand people gathered in the Wunderblutkirche for peace prayer on Mondays. The following candle parade followed the example of the Monday demonstrations in larger cities in the GDR. The first post-turn mayor of Bad Wilsnacks, Dietrich Gappa, was elected in May 1990 in the former pilgrimage church. In the same year religious instruction was given again in the school.
- Administrative affiliation
- 1817–1947: Westprignitz district , Brandenburg province , Prussia
- 1947–1952: Westprignitz district, Brandenburg state , SBZ / GDR
- 1952-1990: Kreis Perleberg , district of Schwerin , DDR
- 1990–1993: Perleberg District, Brandenburg
- since 1993: Prignitz district , Brandenburg
- Incorporations
Groß Lüben and Klein Lüben have been part of Bad Wilsnack since February 1st, 1974. Grube was incorporated on December 31, 2001.
Population development
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Territory of the respective year, number of inhabitants: as of December 31 (from 1991), from 2011 based on the 2011 census
politics
City Council
In addition to the honorary mayor, the city council consists of 16 city councilors:
| Party / group of voters | Seats |
|---|---|
| FDP | 4th |
| CDU | 4th |
| Independent voter community | 4th |
| SPD | 3 |
| Alliance 90 / The Greens | 1 |
(As of: local election on May 26, 2019)
mayor
- 1990-2014: Dietrich Gappa (CDU)
- since 2014: Hans-Dieter Spielmann
Spielmann was elected in the mayoral election on May 26, 2019 with 75.2% of the valid votes for a further term of five years.
coat of arms
The coat of arms was approved on January 8, 1992.
Blazon : “In blue on a green floor, a silver church with a red clapboard roof and ridge turret, black door, black windows and a round tower on both sides of the portal; the towers have black-kneaded red pointed roofs. "
Attractions
Cityscape
The townscape of Bad Wilsnack is shaped by the Wunderblutkirche on Große Straße. The old town hall , a half-timbered building from the 18th century, and the new town hall from 1865, now the seat of the Bad Wilsnack / Weisen office, are also located on this street . The Große Straße is worth seeing because of the large number of mostly two-story half-timbered houses, some of which date from the late 17th century and are listed buildings.
The building at Große Straße 27 from 1692 has two entrances despite the narrow front. The former pharmacy, Grosse Strasse 25, is also a listed building. The buildings, some of them purely residential, some with shops on the ground floor, were renovated after the fall of the Wall .
Buildings
- Wunderblutkirche St. Nikolai (former pilgrimage church)
- Old town with half-timbered houses and market square
- Castle pit
- Graduation tower
The list of monuments in Bad Wilsnack includes the 30 monuments of the city entered in the list of monuments of the state of Brandenburg (as of 2015).
Historical monuments
- A memorial stone on the municipal cemetery has been commemorating the former Jewish cemetery and thus the local Jewish citizens since 1965
- Wilsnack was one of the five most famous Catholic pilgrimage sites in the Middle Ages and is the destination of the pilgrimage from Berlin to Wilsnack .
Thermal bath
- Thermal bath with four thermal healing water pools with different brine concentrations
- Outdoor pool with torrent strudler
- Gemstone meditation grotto
- eight themed saunas and two steam baths, ice fog grotto
- Ottoman hammam and sauna bistro
- Salt water wall and sauna
- Indoor and outdoor salt lake with 24% brine
Economy and Infrastructure
Established businesses
In addition to craft businesses, KMG Kliniken AG with Elbtalklinik, a specialist clinic for orthopedics and rheumatology, the Kurmittelhaus, the senior citizens' residence and the hotel ambiente, the Kristall Kur- und Gradiertherme and Cleo Schreibgeräte GmbH are major employers in Bad Wilsnacks. The Cleo writing instruments GmbH has its headquarters in the former Jahn school, which was built 1911th
Since 1995, what was then the North German Metal Employer's Liability Insurance Association (today: Employer's Liability Insurance Association for Wood and Metal ) established an educational facility in Bad Wilsnack. Around 100 to 120 participants per week are informed about occupational safety here .
traffic
Bad Wilsnack is on the L 10 state road between Perleberg and Havelberg and on the L 11 to Wittenberge . The B 5 passes near the Grube district . The next Elbe crossings are in Wittenberge (bridge) and Werben (ferry).
The station Bad Wilsnack is located on the Berlin-Hamburg Railway . It is served by the regional express line RE 2 Wismar - Berlin - Cottbus . After 2010, the station was embellished on the north-west side with facade painting on the subjects of technology and history.
Personalities
sons and daughters of the town
- Matthäus Ludecus (1517–1606), cathedral dean at Havelberg Cathedral
- Georg Wehling (1644–1719), school teacher and writer, head of the council school in Stettin
- Wilhelm Harnisch (1787–1864), theologian and educator
- Hermann Theodor Wangemann (1818–1894), Lutheran theologian and missionary
- Otto Reincke (1830–1906), Reich judge
- Reinhard Helbig (1938–2011), physicist and university professor
- Christoph Lütgert (* 1945), journalist and author
Personalities associated with the city
- Hugo Spieler (1854–1922), sculptor, grew up in Wilsnack
- Karl Saur (approx. 1901-1978), Mayor of Bad Wilsnack
literature
- Jan Peters : 600 years of Wilsnack. From the beginning to 1700 . City Council, Bad Wilsnack 1984.
- Jan Peters: Märkische Lebenswelten. Social history of the Plattenburg-Wilsnack rule, Prignitz 1550–1800 . Berliner Wissenschaftsverlag, Berlin 2007.
- Hartmut Kühne, Anne-Katrin Ziesak (ed.): Miracles - pilgrimage - adversaries. The Wilsnackfahrt. Verlag Friedrich Pustet 2005.
- Rainer Oefelein : Hiking guide "Brandenburg: On the trail of the medieval pilgrimage from Berlin to Wilsnack". Outdoor manual (2006), ISBN 3-89392-589-9 .
- Jürgen W. Schmidt : Wilsnack at the time of the Weimar Republic. In: Messages from the Association for the History of Prignitz . Volume 8. Perleberg 2008, .S. 190-202
- Bärbel Mann: Bad Wilsnack health resort. From pilgrimage site to mud spa . In: Die Mark Brandenburg, Issue 89, 2013, pp. 26–31
- Historical Gazetteer Brandenburg - Part 1 - Prignitz - N-Z . Modifications made by Lieselott Enders . In: Klaus Neitmann (Ed.): Publications of the Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv (State Archive Potsdam) - Volume 3 . Founded by Friedrich Beck . Publishing house Klaus-D. Becker, Potsdam 2012, ISBN 978-3-88372-033-3 , pp. 959 ff .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population in the State of Brandenburg according to municipalities, offices and municipalities not subject to official registration on December 31, 2019 (XLSX file; 223 KB) (updated official population figures) ( help on this ).
- ↑ Miracle Blood Pilgrimage
- ^ Service portal of the state administration of the state of Brandenburg: City of Bad Wilsnack (accessed on November 9, 2015)
- ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government of Potsdam and the City of Berlin, year 1830, 14th issue of April 2, 1830, p. 67 online at Google Books
- ↑ Ev. Church of St. Nikolai Bad Wilsnack, Schnell-Kunstführer No. 2125, Schnell & Steiner, Regensburg 1994, p. 37
- ↑ Municipalities 1994 and their changes since January 1, 1948 in the new federal states , Metzler-Poeschel publishing house, Stuttgart, 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 , publisher: Federal Statistical Office
- ↑ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 2001 .
- ↑ Historical municipality register of the state of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005. Prignitz district . Pp. 14-17
- ↑ Population in the state of Brandenburg from 1991 to 2017 according to independent cities, districts and municipalities , Table 7
- ^ Office for Statistics Berlin-Brandenburg (Ed.): Statistical report AI 7, A II 3, A III 3. Population development and population status in the state of Brandenburg (respective editions of the month of December)
- ^ Result of the local election on May 26, 2019
- ↑ Farewell after 24 years. In: Märkische Allgemeine , March 28, 2014
- ^ Result of the mayoral election on May 25, 2014
- ↑ Brandenburg Local Election Act, Section 73 (1)
- ^ Result of the mayoral election on May 26, 2019
- ↑ Coat of arms information on the service portal of the state administration of Brandenburg
Bad Wilsnack | Mountains | Breese | Cumlosen | Gerdshagen | Groß Pankow (Prignitz) | Gülitz-Reetz | Gumtow | Halenbeck-Rohlsdorf | Karstädt | Kümmernitztal | Lanz | Legde / Quitzöbel | Lenzen (Elbe) | Lenten wipes | Marienfließ | Meyenburg | Perleberg | Pirov | Plattenburg | Pritzwalk | Putlitz | Rühstädt | Triglitz | Wise men | Wittenberg