Ottakring
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Ottakring XVI. Viennese district |
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| coat of arms | map |
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| Geographic location : | 48 ° 13 ' N , 16 ° 19' E |
| Surface: | 8.65 km² |
| Residents: | 103,117 (January 1, 2020) |
| Population density : | 11,921 inhabitants / km² |
| Postal code : | 1160 |
| Address of the district office: |
Richard-Wagner-Platz 19 1160 Vienna |
| Website: | www.wien.gv.at |
| politics | |
| District Head : | Franz Prokop ( SPÖ ) |
|
District council election 2015 |
A total of 60 seats |
| Map: Ottakring with parts of the district | |
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Ottakring is the 16th district of Vienna and was formed in 1892 from the independent communities Ottakring and Neulerchenfeld . The district in the west of the capital, which was still showing signs of slumness in the post-war period , has experienced an upswing since the turn of the millennium. The districts close to the center benefited from the revitalization of public spaces and the establishment of a lively cultural scene, while the opening of the U3 terminal in Alt-Ottakring provided an important impetus for the outer districts. Today, its multiculturalism and growing urbanity are seen as characteristic of the traditional working-class residential and industrial district of Ottakring.
geography
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location
The Ottakring district is located in the west of Vienna, nestled between the Lerchenfelder Gürtel and the Wienerwald hills. In the north Ottakring borders on Hernals , in the east on Josefstadt and Neubau and in the south on Rudolfsheim-Fünfhaus and Penzing .
topography
The highest point is the Gallitzinberg , also called Wilhelminenberg, at 449 meters , on which the Jubiläumswarte is located. The now canalized Ottakringer Bach rises on the east shoulder of the Gallitzinberg in Liebhartstal . It originally flowed along today's line Ottakringer-Straße / Abelegasse / Thaliastraße and reached today's Danube Canal via Lerchenfelder Straße, Minoritenplatz and Tiefen Graben . The origin of the Rosenbach , which continues through the neighboring district of Penzing, is also located on the Gallitzinberg . The development of the district shows great differences. Sun is located in belt near a densely populated, checkered workers - and employees -Wohnviertel while the suburban line have settled industries and workshops. The villa district with the Ottakringer Friedhof is a little higher , and above it is an extensive deciduous forest zone.
District parts
The municipality consists of the cadastral communities Ottakring and Neulerchenfeld. The district area is further broken down into the counting districts of the official statistics, in which the counting areas of the municipality are summarized. The ten counting districts in Ottakring are Neulerchenfeld, Ludo-Hartmann-Platz, Herbststrasse-Vorortelinie, Alt-Ottakring, Wilhelminenstrasse, Sandleiten, Joachimsthaler-Platz, Wilhelminenspital, Wilhelminenberg and Richard Wagner-Platz.
use
The district consists of 36.7% green spaces, 22% of which is forest . 45.4% is construction area, 17.9% traffic area, whereby the main traffic axis and most important shopping street is the Thaliastraße. There is hardly any agricultural use with a total of 1.23% of the district area. The once important viticulture has almost disappeared. There are only vineyards at Wilhelminenberg Castle and on the border with Penzing.
history
Like many other place names in Vienna, the name Ottakring comes from the Bavarians who settled the area around Vienna in the 8th century. Often there are even places in Bavaria with a similar spelling.
In a speech in 1888 , Emperor Franz Joseph expressed the desire to unite Vienna with its suburbs. The Lower Austrian provincial committee then decided in 1890 to incorporate the suburbs into Vienna. The law came into force on January 1, 1892. Despite the resistance to the incorporation, the previously independent communities Ottakring and Neulerchenfeld were merged to form the 16th district of Vienna Ottakring. The new district now housed 106,861 residents.
After the incorporation, the area grew even more. In 1910, 177,687 people lived in Ottakring. While the proportion of employees and civil servants was low, the proportion of manual workers was extremely high. This was reinforced by the settlement of further industrial companies. On September 17, 1911 there was massive unrest due to the poor housing situation and price increases. These could only be ended after military action and several deaths. The period after the First World War was particularly marked by the booming social housing industry. Between 1922 and 1934, 28 community buildings with 4,517 apartments were built in Ottakring , which significantly alleviated the precarious housing situation in the district. Among the new buildings was the largest residential complex ( Sandleitenhof ) with 1,587 apartments , which the municipality of Vienna opened in the First Republic. However, the economic crisis in the early 1930s led to great misery in the district, at times more than 50% of those willing to work were unemployed. The February uprising in 1934 finally led to heavy fighting in Ottakring. The withdrawal of the Schutzbund from Sandleiten due to the overwhelming power of the Heimwehr and the military spared at least this residential complex. However, there was fierce fighting over the Ottakring workers' home in Kreitnergasse. After the Second World War , Ottakring was part of the French occupation zone . Reconstruction turned out to be difficult, but eventually the oldest parts of Ottakring were also renovated. The so-called “Negerdörfel”, a barracks settlement, was replaced by the Franz-Novy-Hof. Further residential buildings followed.
After the occupation troops withdrew, the district boundaries were changed a total of six times. In 1992 the border with Hernals was slightly moved. In 1995 the boundary was changed to Neubau and Rudolfsheim-Fünfhaus, to Penzing and Rudolfsheim-Fünfhaus and to Penzing in the area of Johann-Staud-Straße. The district border to Hernals was moved again in 1998 (in the area of Spinozagasse) and most recently in 2001 (in the area of the congress park). Essentially, these six border changes did not affect residential areas, but traffic structures, parks and sports facilities.
In the course of the continuation of the underground line U3 in 1998 to Ottakring, a revitalization of the areas around the new terminus was started. The result was Ottakring's most striking high-rise, also known as the “sister tower” due to its function as a dormitory for medical staff. The empty old factory halls of the tobacco factory Ottakring were converted into an HTL (see HTL Ottakring ) and the long-term unused express railway arches were occupied with business premises. The center of Vienna can be reached in around 13 minutes thanks to the underground connection.
population
Population development
Source: Statistics.at
Population development
Today's district area of Ottakring comprised 31,383 inhabitants in 1869 with the towns of Ottakring and Neulerchenfeld. At the time of incorporation, Ottakring had already tripled its population in 1890 with 106,892 inhabitants and was the fastest growing area in and around Vienna. As a result, growth slowed somewhat, but Ottakring rose to become the most populous district in Vienna in 1900 and held this status until the 1920s. Ottakring had its highest population in 1910 with 179,045 inhabitants. After the First World War, Ottakring's population gradually fell, with the increased need for living space playing a role in particular. Until the 1980s, the population fell to around half of its previous high, after which the population stagnated at around 88,000. After a low at the turn of the millennium, the district population began to grow again in line with the Vienna-wide trend. At the beginning of 2015 the population was 100,520.
Population structure
The age structure of the district population in 2005 was slightly younger than the Viennese average. The number of children under the age of 15 was 14.7%, slightly higher than that of Vienna as a whole (14.6%). The proportion of the population between 15 and 59 years of age was 64.7% (Vienna: 63.4%), which is significantly above the average, while the proportion of people aged 60 or more was 20.6% (Vienna: 22, 0%) was significantly lower. The gender distribution in the 2001 district area was 47.5% men and 52.5% women, the number of the married population with a share of 41.5% compared to 41.2% was slightly above the average for Vienna.
Origin and language
The proportion of foreign residents in the district was 25.5% in 2005 (Vienna: 18.7%). This was the fifth highest value of a Viennese district. As in the entire federal state, the proportion of foreigners is growing; in 2001 the proportion was 23.9%. The highest proportion of foreigners in 2005 was made up of around 8.0% of the district population, citizens of Serbia and Montenegro . Another 4.4% were Turkish , 2.0% Polish , 1.9% Croatian , 1.8% Bosnian and 1.0% German citizens. In 2001, a total of 29.6% of the district population was not born in Austria. 11.0% spoke Serbian as the colloquial language , 8.2% Turkish and 4.3% Croatian .
Creed
Due to the high proportion of foreigners, Ottakring has a relatively low proportion of people with a Roman Catholic faith at 44.2% (Vienna: 49.2%). There are seven Roman Catholic parishes in the municipality, which make up the 16 city dean's office . The proportion of people with an Islamic (12.7%) or Orthodox faith (9.7%) is the third or second highest value in Vienna. The proportion of Protestant residents was 3.6% below the average. In 2001, 23.8% of the district population did not belong to any religious community, a further 5.9% had given no or a different religious denomination.
politics
| District chairman since 1945 | |
|---|---|
| Theobald Wiesinger ( KPÖ ) | 4 / 1945-1946 |
| Augustin Scholz ( SPÖ ) | 1946-1964 |
| Hans Hobl (SPÖ) | 1964-1970 |
| Josef Srp (SPÖ) | 1970-1979 |
| Alfred Barton (SPÖ) | 1980-1996 |
| Ernestine Graßberger (SPÖ) | 1996-2004 |
| Franz Prokop (SPÖ) | since 2004 |
Due to the right to vote in the curia, the district council in Ottakring was dominated by commoners until 1918. Thereafter, Ottakring was designated as a workers' district by the Social Democrats . In the first elections on May 4, 1919, the Social Democrats achieved a large majority, and the railroad worker Johann Politzer was elected district chairman. He held his post until 1934, when the Fatherland Front took power in Austria. After the National Socialist rule in Austria had been eliminated , the first free elections in more than 10 years took place in November 1945. The SPÖ received 20 of 30 mandates, 8 mandates went to the ÖVP , 2 to the KPÖ. This dominance lasted for decades. While the FPÖ was able to move into the district council with a mandate in 1949, the KPÖ was kicked out of the district parliament in 1969. Until the beginning of the 1990s, the SPÖ was able to hold an absolute majority of votes. In the district council elections in 1996, the rise of the FPÖ also led to heavy losses for the SPÖ in Ottakring. While the SPÖ slipped from 50.54 to 40.58%, the FPÖ increased to 30.59%. In 2001 the trend was reversed. The SPÖ almost regained an absolute majority with 49.45%, while the FPÖ slipped to 20.86%. The Greens achieved 12.54% in Ottakring in 2001 and almost caught up with the ÖVP, which came in at 13.13%. The LIF lost more than half of its votes and only got one mandate with 2.47%.
In the Vienna state elections in 2005, the SPÖ achieved an absolute majority with 51.48% of the votes. The FPÖ lost again, dropped to 15.82% and was therefore relegated to third place by the ÖVP with its 15.84%. The Greens gained slightly, but remained in fourth place with their 14.35%. In the 2010 district council elections, the SPÖ again lost an absolute majority with 44.6% of the votes (27 seats). The FPÖ was able to improve to 24% (14 seats), the Greens achieved 16.3% and 10 seats. The ÖVP is in fourth place for the first time with 11.5% of the votes and 7 mandates. The KPÖ with 1.4% and the BZÖ with 1.1% landed in fifth and sixth place.
The SPÖ continues to provide the district chairman with Franz Prokop. His deputies are Eva Weissmann (SPÖ) and Christian Hein (FPÖ).
coat of arms
The left (heraldic right) half of the coat of arms symbolizes the former independent municipality of Ottakring . The symbolized mountains are probably the three most important elevations of Ottakring: Jubiläumswarte, Gallitzinberg and Predigtstuhl. The cross shield with miter, on the other hand, stands for the former landlord, Klosterneuburg Abbey .
The right (heraldic left) half of the coat of arms symbolizes the unclear derivation of the name of the former, independent municipality of Neulerchenfeld . A tree (but not a larch ) standing in a field with birds circling over it (possibly larks ) indicates the possible origins of the name.
traffic
The Vienna Ottakring station is the terminus of metro line U3 . This is also where the S-Bahn stops , which crosses the municipality on the suburban line . The U3 has another stop in Ottakring, the Kendlerstraße underground station . The Thaliastraße underground station is on the border with the 7th district and the Josefstädter Straße underground station on the U6 line on the border with the 8th district . The 16th district is also connected to the public transport network by trams and buses. The street section of the Vienna Belt located in Ottakring is called Lerchenfelder Belt . Another heavily frequented street in the municipality is the B 223 coming from Penzing .
economy
After the incorporation of the district area, the settlement of industrial companies in Ottakring increased. In 1898, for example, the tobacco factory was opened on Thaliastraße. In addition, there were companies in the photo industry (for example Herlango ) or mechanical engineering companies (for example “Österreichische Industriewerke Warchalowski, Eißler & Co. AG”). However, the highest number of employees was in the clothing industry. After the Second World War , however, the numerous factories were often relocated to other locations, thus separating the residential areas from the disruptive operations.
- Companies
- Ottakringer Brewery
- Coffee roastery Julius Meinl
- Kwizda Pharma
- Jam and vegetable delicacies Staud
Culture and sights
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Attractions
- Alt-Ottakringer parish church
- Brunnenmarkt
- Holy Spirit Church (Vienna)
- Wine tavern "Zur 10er Marie"
- Jubilee waiting
- Julius Meinl
- Kornhäusel villa
- Kuffner observatory
- Flötzersteig waste incineration plant
- Neuottakringer Church
- Ottakringer Brewery
- Wilhelminenberg Castle
- Pilgrimage church to St. Theresa of the Child Jesus
- Congress bath
Museums
The District Museum Ottakring presents the district history of Ottakring and has around 3000 exhibits. In the district museum there is the Josef Weinheber room and a harmonica maker workshop. There are historical, astronomical devices in the Kuffner observatory . The Viennese folksong work in the “Bockkeller” has an extensive archive with thousands of sheet music and manuscripts as well as a collection of books and numerous rarities.
Sports
- Football: WS Ottakring , SPC Helfort Vienna , SC Red Star Penzing
- Basketball: Basket Fighters
- Curling: Ottakringer Curling Club
- Chess: Ottakring Chess Club
theatre
- Tschauner stage (original Viennese stegre stage)
Soho in Ottakring
The area around Yppenplatz has developed into an attraction for alternative culture with a large number of bars and event locations in recent years. The highlight is the annual “Soho in Ottakring” cultural festival, which offers a cultural program such as readings or exhibitions for around two weeks. Since 2014 the festival has been taking place in Sandleitenhof , a community building from the 1920s near the congress park .
Famous Ottakringers
- Muhammet Akagündüz , footballer
- Arik Brauer , painter
- Roger M. Buergel , exhibition organizer
- Horst Chmela , songwriter and musician
- Roland Girtler , sociologist, cultural anthropologist
- Leopold Gratz , Mayor of Vienna, Foreign Minister, President of the National Council
- Ludwig Gruber , composer
- Michael Häupl , former mayor of Vienna (residing in Ottakring)
- Karl Hodina (1935–2017), musician
- Kuffner family
- Marcos Nader , boxer
- Johann Scherz , carom world champion († 2004)
- Johann and Josef Schrammel , musicians ( Schrammelmusik )
- Franz Schuhmeier , Social Democrat
- Josef Uridil , footballer
- Josef Weidinger , boxer
- Josef Weinträger , poet
Movies
- My Ottakring . Documentation by Chico Klein, Austria 2012
literature
- Evelyn Adunka, Gabriele Anderl: Jewish Ottakring and Hernals . Mandelbaum Verlag, Vienna 2020, ISBN 978-3-85476-870-8 .
- Felix Czeike, Walter Lugsch: Studies on the social history of Ottakring and Hernals . Youth and People, Vienna 1955.
- Felix Czeike: Viennese district culture guide: XVI. Ottakring . Jugend und Volk, Vienna 1981, ISBN 3-7141-6233-X .
- Michael Haitszinger, Klaus Prokop: eleven sixty | Ottakring - people & district. Self-published, Vienna 2017, ISBN 978-3-200-05335-9 .
- Christine Klusacek, Kurt Stimmer: Ottakring: from Brunnenmarkt to Liebhartstal . Mohl, Vienna 1983, ISBN 3-900272-37-9 .
- Ferdinand Kovarik: 100 years Ottakring near Vienna . Self-published, Vienna 1991.
- Carola Leitner (ed.): Ottakring: Vienna's 16th district in old photographs . Ueberreuter, Vienna 2006, ISBN 3-8000-7178-9
- Alfred Schiemer: In Ottakring's footsteps: historical forays between the Gürtel and Gallitzinberg . Ed. Volkshochschule, Vienna 1999, ISBN 3-900799-26-1
- Friedrich Slezak: Ottakringer working-class culture: with two examples . Slezak, Vienna 1982, ISBN 3-85416-085-2
- Karl Ziak : From Schmelz to Gallitzinberg: Walk through the alleys of my childhood and through the history of Ottakring . Youth and People, Vienna 1969
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Statistics Austria - Population at the beginning of 2002–2020 by municipalities (area status 01/01/2020)
- ↑ District council elections 2015
- ↑ Housing misery and hunger revolt: When the stones flew in Ottakring . The standard . September 15, 2011. Retrieved January 26, 2014.
- ↑ Law on a minor change in the border between the 16th and 17th district (LGBl. For Vienna 10/1992), issued on March 9, 1992
- ↑ Law on changing the boundaries between the 7th, 15th and 16th district (LGBl. For Vienna 15/1995), issued on March 20, 1995
- ↑ Law on changing the boundaries between the 14th, 15th and 16th district (LGBl. For Vienna 19/1995), issued on March 20, 1995
- ^ Law on a change in the border between the 14th and 16th district (LGBl. For Vienna 69/1995), issued on October 5, 1995
- ↑ Law on changing the boundaries between the 16th and 17th districts (LGBl. For Vienna 6/1998), issued on January 30, 1998
- ^ Law on changing the border between the 16th and 17th districts (LGBl. For Vienna 124/2001), issued on December 14, 2001
- ↑ Census of May 15, 2001. Final resident population and number of citizens (with population development since 1869). District of Vienna: Vienna 16., Ottakring , on Statistics.at (PDF, 12 kB).
- ↑ a b c Statistics Austria (2001 census) [1] (PDF; 10 kB) [2] (PDF; 11 kB)
- ↑ MA 5 Resident Population by Age Groups and Districts 2005 MA 5 Resident Population by Age Groups and Districts 2006 ( Memento from September 29, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ MA 5 Resident Population by Nationality and District 2001-2005 ( Memento from June 17, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ Soho in Ottakring
- ↑ New work in the Brunnenviertel. derStandard.at -
- ↑ Mein Ottakring tv.orf.at, accessed on August 18, 2012.
1., Inner City | 2., Leopoldstadt | 3rd, highway | 4., Wieden | 5th, Margareten | 6., Mariahilf | 7., new building | 8., Josefstadt | 9., Alsergrund | 10., Favorites | 11., Simmering | 12., Meidling | 13., Hietzing | 14., Penzing | 15., Rudolfsheim-Fünfhaus | 16., Ottakring | 17th, Hernals | 18., Währing | 19., Döbling | 20th, Brigittenau | 21., Floridsdorf | 22., Donaustadt | 23rd, Liesing