Berlin-Neukölln train station
| Berlin-Neukölln | |
|---|---|
 Reception building
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| Data | |
| Location in the network | Separation station |
| Design | Through station |
| Platform tracks | 2 |
| abbreviation | BNKN, BNK (S-Bahn) |
| IBNR | 8089077 |
| Price range | 4th |
| opening | January 1, 1872 as Rixdorf station |
| Profile on Bahnhof.de | Berlin-Neukoelln |
| Architectural data | |
| architect | Alfred Grenander |
| location | |
| City / municipality | Berlin |
| Place / district | Neukölln |
| country | Berlin |
| Country | Germany |
| Coordinates | 52 ° 28 '10 " N , 13 ° 26' 32" E |
| Railway lines | |
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| Railway stations in Berlin | |
The S- and U-Bahn station Neukölln in the town district of Berlin Neukölln is an important crossroads of transport in Berlin . The station is located in the northern, densely populated part of Neukölln on the corner of Karl Marx / Saale street .
Means of transport
S-Bahn station
On November 15, 1871, the first part of the new, double-track ring line from Moabit via Weissensee to Schöneberg went into operation. A good one and a half months later, the first passenger trains were also running on the new route , for which the Kingdom of Prussia also built a station of the same name in the municipality of Rixdorf. Rixdorf was renamed Neukölln in 1912. This was presumably at ground level, pedestrians could cross the rails over a wooden bridge.
Due to the high volume of traffic, the Royal Direction of the Lower Silesian-Märkische Railway (NME, part of the Prussian State Railways ) had the Ringbahn expanded to four tracks from 1887 to 1896. As part of this work, the route and the Rixdorf train station were relocated to a heaped embankment in 1890. The Bergstrasse , as the country road to Rudow was called since around 1877, was crossed with a bridge. Probably a few years later, the station also received a yellow-brick reception building.
At least since then, the community of Rixdorf had a very bad reputation, which was expressed by the phrase “In Rixdorf is music”. Street vendors, prostitutes and theft are said to have been part of everyday life there, so that the name “Rixdorf” generally means something bad. That is why the community renamed itself “Neukölln” in 1912 - on the initiative of Mayor Hermann Boddin . Since March 15, 1912, the ring station has been called "Bahnhof Neukölln". Neukölln has been part of the urban area of Berlin since 1920 , Neukölln forms Berlin's 14th administrative district.
Soon afterwards, the so-called “ Great Electrification ” took place - city, ring and suburban railways were electrified. Work on the Ringbahn took place in 1927/1928. On November 6, 1928, the first electric trains stopped at Neukölln station. But it wasn't until 1929 that the suburban railways with steam traffic were completely converted. Passengers could only stay here in the old station building for a few years and board or leave the new “S-Bahn”. Because this was followed by the extension of the subway from Bergstrasse to Grenzallee . The Deutsche Reichsbahn and the city of Berlin agreed to build a new access structure for the new transfer point, similar to the one previously at Tempelhof station . The building was executed by the underground architect Alfred Grenander , who was particularly a master builder of the New Objectivity . He also used this style here and created a red-brown brick building, the main entrance of which led to the intersection of Bergstrasse and the corner of Saalestrasse.
After the cessation of operations in the spring of 1945 due to the Second World War , electric trains could use the Berlin Ringbahn again from June 18, 1945, and by 1947 the Berlin S-Bahn network was largely rebuilt. The Ringbahn trains were able to travel across Berlin regardless of the sector boundaries. In 1961, the construction of the Berlin Wall cut the S-Bahn ring into two parts. Neukölln station was now the penultimate station on the routes to Sonnenallee and Köllnische Heide stations .
Nevertheless, the western part of the network also remained under the administration and operation of the East Berlin Reichsbahndirektion. Shortly afterwards, this led to calls for boycotts by the German Federation of Trade Unions , which the city and society supported, or at least tolerated. One consequence of this was the rapid decline in passenger numbers on the S-Bahn. Until 1980, the Reichsbahn maintained operations despite fewer than 1,000 passengers per day. After a railway strike in 1980 - the employees demanded, among other things, higher wages due to poor working conditions - the Reichsbahn took the opportunity and shut down a large part of the West Berlin S-Bahn network after the strike. This also included the Neukölln train station, including the part of the ring line running in the western part of the city.
This deep sleep lasted; neither the city of Berlin nor the Reichsbahn, which only operated a trunk network in Berlin, initially thought of putting the Ringbahn back into operation. In 1984 the still operational S-Bahn lines ( Stadtbahn and Nord-Süd-Bahn ) were handed over to the Berliner Verkehrsbetriebe (BVG), which maintained a provisional operation. Nevertheless, the subject of the S-Bahn gained increasing popularity, and in 1985 there were parliamentary elections in West Berlin, so that this also sold well as an election campaign topic . At the end of the 1980s, the BVG and the Senate Department for Transport developed plans for the Ringbahn to go into operation. Initially, a provisional operation was planned between Westend and the two border points Sonnenallee and Köllnische Heide. The opening was planned for the period 1992–1995.
In addition, the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 and the reunification of the two halves of the city in 1990 , new connections between the two halves of the city were necessary. The former Ringbahn offered itself for this, and the first work on it began in 1990. The scheduled opening date for the Köllnische Heide - Westend line was postponed to 1993 due to the simultaneous reconstruction of the Baumschulenweg - Köllnische Heide section . The Neukölln S-Bahn station received a comprehensive renovation, the station building from 1930 had the city refreshed, new platform roofs now completely cover the platform that has been extended to the west, and an elevator with a direct connection to the underground has since supplemented the station. The opening ceremony for the Baumschulenweg - Westend route took place on December 17, 1993.
Since then, the importance of the station has grown steadily. Since December 18, 1997, the S-Bahn of the Ringbahn has been running east again to Treptower Park , in the west also to Jungfernheide (from April 15), and since December 21, 1999 to the Westhafen . On June 15, 2002 the ring was complete again, but it was not until May 28, 2006 that the trains started running again as a full ring. A tour takes an hour.
Subway station
Since December 21, 1930, the trains of the Berlin U-Bahn have been crossing the Ringbahn at Neukölln station. With the former north-south subway - today's line U7 - you can still go under Karl-Marx-Straße to Hermannplatz . Since 1984 even beyond to Spandau . In the south, trains run to the various parts of the Neukölln district, including Britz , Gropiusstadt and Rudow, which are connected with yellow trains.
In several small stages, the city of Berlin opened the north-south subway through the center of Berlin with connections to Tempelhof and Neukölln in the 1920s. In 1924 the Neukölln branch with the Belle-Alliance-Straße - Hasenheide line went into operation, followed by extensions to Bergstraße in 1926 . This already reached the Bergstrasse at that time as a radial north to Friedhofstrasse (today: Columbiadamm ) and south to Grenzallee. However, in order to utilize the last potential of this and also to gain more passengers, the city of Berlin decided to extend the north-south subway by two stations to the future terminus Grenzallee . Among other things, the municipal Neukölln cemetery and the former town hall were on the route.
The Swedish architect Alfred Grenander designed the Neukölln train station . According to his principle of the sequence of colors and the New Objectivity , he designed the Neukölln station sober and simple. The basic color of the station was and is a light yellow, which was used both on the track rear walls and on the supports, including through large square tiles .
On the occasion of the construction of the underground station, the city of Berlin reached an agreement with the Deutsche Reichsbahn on the construction of a new access structure. Grenander also carried out this in the New Objectivity style, the red-brown clinker brick building thus enabled a quick transition between the city express train and the subway. From December 21, 1930, the first trains ran in the direction of Grenzallee and Weddinger Seestrasse .
In 1933 the National Socialists took power in Germany. As part of the “ Germania ” plans, they developed oversized plans for the construction of new underground lines, including underground trains going to the Buschkrug at Neukölln station. But then the Second World War began ; the plans were wasted. From April 1, the trains on line C I no longer ran to Grenzallee, traffic had already ended two stops earlier on Bergstrasse . The reason for this was that armaments work was carried out in the underground tunnel by the Henschel company ; Subway traffic would have hampered this work. A year later, operations in Berlin ceased on all underground lines.
It was not until July 26, 1945 that the first trains returned to Grenzallee station after extensive work had been carried out to reuse the misappropriated underground tunnels. The city of Berlin soon split not only politically, but also in terms of transport, and from 1949 there were two BVG operations.
Twelve years later the GDR had the Berlin Wall built, but the S-Bahn in West Berlin was still under GDR control. This led to calls for boycotts, so that shortly afterwards the BVG shortened the previous station name “Neukölln (Südring)” to “Neukölln” in order to hide the possibility of changing to the S-Bahn.
In the course of the following years there were always new route destinations for the underground trains at Neukölln station. From 1956 the C I trains ran to Reinickendorfer Kurt-Schumacher-Platz , from 1958 even to northern Tegel , an extension to the southern Neukölln subway station Britz-Süd followed in 1963. Only in 1966 did the BVG leave the north-south -Bahn split lines C I and C II into two independent lines, so that from this point on, trains on line 7 stopped at Neukölln station. Further route destinations for Line 7 followed in 1970 (to Zwickauer Damm ), 1971 (to Fehrbelliner Platz ), 1972 (to Rudow ), 1978 (to Richard-Wagner-Platz ), 1980 (to Rohrdamm ) and finally 1984 (to Spandau Town Hall ) .
After the political change in the GDR and the subsequent reunification of the two halves of Berlin, the underground station was given its original name back. On the occasion of the imminent reopening of the Ringbahn route of the Berlin S-Bahn, the station has been called "Neukölln (Südring)" again since May 31, 1992. A renaming in "Rixdorf" demanded by the Neukölln district council assembly from 1987 was not followed by either the Senate Transport Administration or the BVG.
In 2001, the underground station was renovated, with the Grenander original being largely retained. Since then, this station has also had an elevator for wheelchair users and prams, which enables barrier-free access and direct access to the S-Bahn platform.
Bus connections
Neukölln train station is the starting point for three bus routes that run both within the district and in the neighboring districts. The bus routes lead to Schönefeld Airport , Hermannplatz , Alt-Tempelhof , the Plänterwald and Marienfelde , among others .
Line overview
Surroundings
To the west of the train station is the Neukölln freight yard , to the north-east of the former Rixdorf you can still see the old buildings of the district with which Neukölln began and after which the district was named until 1912, to the north-west is the Körnerpark .
literature
- AB Gottwaldt, S. Nowak: Berlin train stations, then and now. Düsseldorf 1991. ISBN 3-87094-342-4
- Jürgen Meyer-Kronthaler, Wolfgang Kramer: Berlin's S-Bahn Stations - A Three-Quarter Century. be.bra, Berlin 1998. ISBN 3-930863-25-1
- Jürgen Meyer-Kronthaler: Berlin's subway stations - the first hundred years. be.bra, Berlin 1996. ISBN 3-930863-16-2
Web links
- Entry in the Berlin State Monument List
- BVG map of the train station (PDF; 38 kB)
- Description of the Mehringdamm - Grenzallee underground line (including station pictures)
- Pictures from the underground station on untergrundbahn.de
- Berlin-Neukölln train station on stadtschnellbahn-berlin.de
- Postcard from Neukölln train station from around 1916
Individual evidence
- ↑ Station price list 2020. In: Deutsche Bahn. Deutsche Bahn, January 1, 2020, accessed on July 11, 2020 .
- ↑ Berliner Verkehrsblätter . Berlin 1987/3 (March), p. 61. ISSN 0722-9399