Bourg-Saint-Andéol
| Bourg-Saint-Andéol | ||
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| region | Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes | |
| Department | Ardèche | |
| Arrondissement | Privas | |
| Canton | Bourg-Saint-Andéol | |
| Community association | Rhône aux Gorges de l'Ardèche | |
| Coordinates | 44 ° 22 ′ N , 4 ° 39 ′ E | |
| height | 48-415 m | |
| surface | 43.74 km 2 | |
| Residents | 7,116 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 163 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 07700 | |
| INSEE code | 07042 | |
| Website | www.bourg-saint-andeol.fr | |
 View of Bourg-Saint-Andéol |
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Bourg-Saint-Andéol is a French town with 7116 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in Ardèche, in the region of Auvergne Rhône-Alpes . The inhabitants are called Bourguésans and Bourgésanes .
geography
The city is located in the southeast of the Bas-Vivarais , on the right bank of the Rhone , at the foot of the Forêt du Laoul and north of the Plateau des Gras . The next larger town is Pierrelatte , four kilometers away in the Drôme department . The Conche river flows into the Rhône within the municipality. Bourg is the seat of the canton of the same name.
A special feature of the municipality is its climate, which is characterized by the cool mistral that blows through the river valley. Due to the location of Bourgs between the hills on the banks of the Rhône, a temperature difference of two degrees is noted every year with the neighboring towns of Pierrelatte and Viviers .
history
Bourg-Saint-Andéol looks back on a long history that goes back to ancient times. The necropolis in Bois des Géantes , which is known for its well-preserved dolmens , testifies to this . There are also other Neolithic sites in the community.
Later the Celts took over the legend of the region and founded the settlement Bergoiata on a rock above the Rhône , the name of which is reminiscent of the high position of the city. The Romans also left their mark on the municipality.
The current name of the place was given to the community of Andéol from what was then Izmir , who worked as a Christian missionary in Vivarais and was executed by the Romans in what was then Bergoiate in AD 208 .
After the fall of the Roman Empire, the area suffered from the barbarian invasions towards the end of the 5th century, before the place came to peace again under the bishops of Viviers, who had their seat here. Until the 19th century, the city was dominated by the Nicolaï family , who were presidents of the princely court for three centuries.
During the French Revolution , the city was called Bourg-sur-Rhône , but it was revised again under Napoleon .
On August 15, 1944, the Americans bombed the site during World War II , causing significant damage to the buildings and historical losses. Nevertheless, Bourg is still the city in the Ardèche department with the largest number of historical monuments.
Population development
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2007 | 2016 |
| Residents | 4400 | 7102 | 6861 | 7400 | 7795 | 7768 | 7333 | 7158 |
| Sources: Cassini and INSEE | ||||||||
Attractions
Bourg-Saint-Andéol is known for its historic and well-preserved old town, which attracts numerous tourists to the municipality every year. The following places of interest are included in the list of Monuments historiques in Bourg-Saint-Andéol :
- A stone relief from the 3rd century, dedicated to the god Mithras and evidence of the various cults within the Roman Empire. It adorns the railing of the Fontaine de Tourne , which is lovingly divided into Grand Goul and Petit Goul .
- The old part of the city, in which there are antique houses from the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries, which stand out for their decorated facades, stairs and paneling. These include the Hotêl de Nicolai with its tower from 1450, the Hotêl de Balzagette du Charnève , the Hotêl de Digoine from the 18th century with its own fountain and the Hotêl Doyze from 1733, which houses the Museum of Sewing Art and antique clothes and exhibits fabrics. Also the Hotêl de Gabriac with its alcove room from the 18th century, the Hotêl Banat de Vilevrain , the Hotêl Pontal de Mégret and the Hotêl Nicolas Girard from the 18th century.
- The ancient bishop's palace, built by Claude Tournon in 1540 above the Rhône, with a rose garden and Gothic facade. The large chimneys from the 17th and the chapel from the 18th century are striking.
- The castles Roche-Colombe, Bellevue and Vinsans
- Many churches, chapels and monasteries such as the old rectory or the hospital, which is housed in a former monastery of the Récollets , which was founded in 1473 and renovated in the 17th century. The best known is the Romanesque church of Saint-Andéol from the 12th century, dedicated in 1119 and restored in the 19th century. The wood paintings from the 16th century and the organ from the 17th century are unique. The church is home to a white marble sarcophagus, which is used as a tomb Andéol III. serves.
Other well-known sacred buildings are the chapels of Saint-Polycarpe with inscriptions from the 9th century, the Notre-Dame-des-Grâces , the Saint-Roch , the Romanesque pilgrim church Notre-Dame-de-Chalon , as well as two oratories from the 17th century . Century. There are also remains of a priory of Sainte-Foi from the 12th century, an old convent of the Salesians and the Ursulines from the 17th century, which has been used as the town hall since the Revolution. The urban temple is on the Saint-André pilgrimage route
A natural tourist attraction is the Forêt de Laoul with its typical Mediterranean vegetation such as almond and brambles.
economy
The vineyards of the place are in the wine-growing area of the southern Rhône valley . The wines may be marketed under the designation of origin Côtes du Rhône and the qualitatively stricter Côtes du Rhône Villages .
Twin cities
Personalities
The list is sorted chronologically by year of birth.
- Andeolus , French: Saint-Andéol (* in the 2nd century, † May 1 208), Christian deacon and saint, namesake of Bourg-Saint-Andéol
- Jean-Baptiste Symon de Solémy (1746–1834), general of the French royalist army, died in Bourg-Saint-Andéol
- Marie Rivier (1768–1838), Roman Catholic sister and founder, died and was buried in Bourg-Saint-Andéol
- Lena Vandrey (1941–2018), Franco-German visual artist and author, set up the Musée Lena-Vandrey in her villa in Bourg-Saint-Andéol
- Pascal Terrasse (1964-), French politician, Member of the Assemblée nationale and member of the Bourg-Saint-Andéol Municipal Council
literature
- Connaissez-vous un dolmen? Festschrift for Wolfgang Pape. ed. by Andreas Hanöffner, Valerie Schoenenberg, Lucie Siftar and Martin Strotz, Freiburg 2008.
