Gossau SG
| SG is the abbreviation for the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland and is used to avoid confusion with other entries in the name Gossau . |
| Gossau | |
|---|---|
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| State : |
 Switzerland
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| Canton : |
 Canton of St. Gallen (SG)
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| Constituency : | St. Gallen |
| BFS no. : | 3443 |
| Postal code : | 9200 |
| UN / LOCODE : | CH ZHH |
| Coordinates : | 736 685 / 253339 |
| Height : | 638 m above sea level M. |
| Height range : | 553–813 m above sea level M. |
| Area : | 27.51 km² |
| Residents: | 18,173 (December 31, 2018) |
| Population density : | 661 inhabitants per km² |
| Website: | www.stadtgossau.ch |
| Location of the municipality | |
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Gossau [ˈɡoːsau̯] (with a long o; in the traditional Eastern Swiss dialect Goosse [goːsːə] ) is a town and political municipality in the Swiss canton of St. Gallen , to whose constituency St. Gallen it belongs.
geography
Gossau is located between the city of St. Gallen and Wil in the Fürstenland . The entire area of the city has an area of 2,751 hectares. St. Gallen and Gaiserwald in the east, Waldkirch and Andwil in the north, Niederbüren , Oberbüren and Flawil in the west and Herisau in the south share borders with Gossau.
The city of Gossau includes the districts of Mettendorf, Niederdorf, Oberdorf and Watt and the hamlets Albertschwil, Enggetschwil, Geretschwil, Hochschoren, Hueb, Matten, Neuchlen, Rain, Rüeggetschwil, Rüti, Wilen, Zinggenhueb, Erlen, Herzenwil and Stöcklen. The hamlets of Hölzli, Landegg and Neuegg belong to Arnegg . Oberarnegg belongs to the Andwil community.
During the Ice Age , a foothill of the Rheingletscher raised a flat blanket in front of the Sitter Gorge as far as Wil . When the glacier melted, it left behind a series of wall moraines. The remains of these can be recognized, for example, on the hills that support the three schoolhouses in the north of Gossau. Other witnesses of the Ice Age are so-called drumlins (glacier rubble mounds ); a series of these elongated, rounded elevations extends from Arnegg towards Niederbüren and Waldkirch . In the south, the hills of the Appenzellerland flank the elongated hollow in which Gossau lies.
The meltwater of the Ice Age filled the Gossau plain with an enormous amount of sand and gravel. The water seeped into the gravel. Because of the impenetrable molasse, it could not find a way down and forms an abundant groundwater source to this day.
The threshold height of the Gossau train station is 638 m above sea level. M. The lowest point of the urban area is at the Henessenmühle at 570 m. The highest is located south in the Roserwald near the Schochenberg at 820 m above sea level. M.
climate
The climate in Gossau is rather rough, due to the already sub-alpine character of the area and influenced by the proximity of the Alpstein area . The winds penetrate unhindered between the hills that run in a west-east direction. The average temperature is therefore somewhat lower than, for example, on Lake Constance or in the Rhine Valley . The winds also bring frequent drops in temperature. But the Fürstenland belongs to the areas with fewer than 20 annual foggy days. The rather moderate foehn is a welcome herald of spring after the winter days with increasingly little snow.
coat of arms
- A green lindworm in gold, a red trefoil cross in the throat, accompanied at the top left by an upright black bear with a red tongue and a sign with gold reinforcement.
The flag colors are yellow and black. The municipal coat of arms of the city of Gossau comes from the time of the Appenzell Wars (1401–1429). To get away from st. To solve the Gallic abbot Kuno von Stoffeln (1379–1401), the city of St. Gallen concluded a people's league with other princely communities on January 17, 1401. Gossau also joined this association. The seal that the community used to conclude the alliance shows an upright bear, beneath him a lindworm with a high cross in its throat, and the inscription: Seal of the community of Gossau. Today's municipal coat of arms is largely based on this seal.
history
Around 400 BC Celts probably lived in the area. In the 5th / 7th In the 17th century the area was settled by the Alemanni . “Gossau” goes back to the Old High German Gôʒʒes ouwa , which means “ Au des Gôʒʒo” and is reminiscent of the Alemannic settler who built his farm here on or on swampy terrain. The place was first mentioned on October 24, 824 as Cozesaua and Cozesouva in a document in which a Freddo donated his inherited property in Gossau to the St. Gallen Monastery for lifelong maintenance.
From the 8th century, the St. Gallen monastery acquired extensive areas in Gossau and set up a Kehlhof there, from which the abbot's court Gossau emerged in 957. The umbrella bailiff over the court was sold in 1166 and, after several changes of hands, returned to the St. Gallen monastery in 1373. A church was first suspected in 744, which is mentioned in 910 as a separate church of the St. Gallen monastery.
In the late Middle Ages , the population tried to break away from the St. Gallen monastery and allied with the city of St. Gallen and other communities in the Princely Land , which is why it was sacked in 1428 during the Appenzell War. Prince Abbot Ulrich Rösch expanded the rulership of the prince abbey, in 1486 incorporated the parish of Gossau into the St. Gallen monastery and in 1487 was able to take over the high court in the core area of the prince abbey (old landscape) by means of an imperial privilege . The lower court established in the abbot's opening of 1469 formed part of the Oberbergeramt from 1491 .
The Gossauer defended themselves against the princely rule and the elevation of the tithe by joining the Waldkircher Alliance and from 1528-1531 the Reformation. The resistance flared up in the 18th century against war compensation after the War of the 12th , in 1746 in the Bossart trade against the bell tax and from 1793–1798 led from Gossau to the revolutionary movement in the Fürstenland led by Johannes Künzle . The democratic demands of the people were largely fulfilled by Prince Abbot Beda Angehrn through the amicable agreement negotiated on November 23, 1795 in the Landsgemeinde in Gossau .
During the Helvetic Republic, the Fürstenland Republic, founded in 1798, with its main town Gossau, was initially incorporated into the canton of Säntis and the municipality of Gossau was founded. This came to the newly founded canton of St. Gallen in 1803 with Napoleon's mediation act .
From the 13th century ( Haslenmühle , Henessenmühle) to 1800, Gossau was mainly used for agriculture. From the 15th century, flax was grown for the linen trade for the city of St. Gallen and later linen was also woven. The craftsmen's guild system arose in the 17th century. Because of cheap grain imports, grain cultivation was replaced by cattle and dairy farming in the 19th century. The first cheese dairy was built at Oberberg Castle in 1850.
Road and railway construction in the second half of the 19th century promoted industrialization in the textile industry (mainly embroidery industry) and later also in metal and mechanical engineering. The effects of the embroidery crisis after the First World War were described by the Gossau writer Elisabeth Gerter in 1938 in the novel "Die Stickers". In the 20th century, Gossau became the most important food hub in Eastern Switzerland.
population
Since 1950 the number of residents in Gossau has risen sharply. In 1961 the 10,000 mark was exceeded for the first time and with the construction of the motorway in 1969 the community experienced another boost. The population increased continuously until the turn of the millennium. With almost 18,000 inhabitants, Gossau is the fourth largest city in the canton of St. Gallen after St. Gallen , Rapperswil-Jona and Wil . Gossau consists of the districts of Oberdorf, Mettendorf, Zentrum, Rosenau, Gozenberg, Mooswies, Niederdorf and the village of Arnegg. Most of the population lives in Mettendorf.
| Population development | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| year | 1910 | 1930 | 1950 | 1970 | 1990 | 2010 | 2019 |
| Residents | 8'434 | 7,846 | 8,289 | 12,639 | 15,652 | 17'763 | 17,969 |
Population structure:
The age structure in Gossau is almost identical to the Swiss average:
- 0-19 years: 19.26%
- 20–39 years: 26.93%
- 40-64 years: 33.36%
- Over 64 years: 20.45%
In Gossau, Catholics still have the largest proportion of the population (2019): 8,336 people correspond to a proportion of 46.4 percent - which has been decreasing for years. 3218 inhabitants (17.9%) are of Protestant faith; also here with a decreasing trend. 3402 people (18.95%) belong to other faiths and 3013 people (16.75%) are registered as non-denominational.
politics
City Parliament
The city parliament is the legislature of Gossau. It has 30 members and handles the reports and proposals submitted by the city council. The members of parliament can submit motions , postulates , interpellations and simple inquiries to the city council for treatment and are re-elected every four years. The public parliamentary sessions - up to nine per year depending on the business situation - take place in the Fürstenland Hall.
The following parties are represented in the 2017–2020 legislature in the city parliament:
City council
The executive in Gossau is the city council with five members. Each council member belongs to a department. The mayor and the school president work full-time . The town clerk is a member in an advisory capacity and who takes the minutes .
National elections
In the Swiss parliamentary elections in 2019, the share of the vote in Gossau was: SVP 33.4%, CVP 23.2%, FDP 13.7%, SP 11.6%, glp 7.5%, Greens 7.2%, EPP 1, 2%.
education
Gossau has a wide range of schools. The girls and boys attend primary school and upper school (with secondary school, junior high school and small classes) in eight school houses (six primary school houses and two upper school houses). In the school of the city of Gossau, the upper school children from the Arnegg part of the municipality and from the neighboring municipality of Andwil are also taught. The Andwil-Arnegg primary school is responsible for the education of the younger children from Arnegg and various hamlets. The Catholic Girls' Secondary School is privately sponsored, while the Friedberg Gymnasium is run by a foundation with a lower secondary school and a cantonally recognized Matura. Gossau is also one of three locations of the University of Education of the Canton of St.Gallen with training as upper level teachers, as well as a master builder and a carpenter's school.
economy
Gossau is an important business location for Eastern Switzerland . The companies in Gossau provide around 10,500 jobs. First of all, the important companies in the food industry should be mentioned. Migros and Coop are present with the large distribution centers ; the Migros Ostschweiz cooperative is based there. In the 19th century, the Marstal powder factory was located in Gossau.
In the primary economic sector (agriculture and forestry) there are 98 companies, in the industrial and construction sector (secondary sector) 243 companies offer employment. The most important is the service sector with 928 companies. (As of 2014)
traffic
The construction of the Appenzell Railway from Gossau to Herisau and the growth of the community led to the relocation of the station from its first location at the market square to its current location in 1913.
Gossau lies at the intersection of the connecting axes St. Gallen - Zurich and southern Germany - Thurgau - Appenzellerland. The roads ( A1 / E60 , Hauptstrasse 7 ) and the railways ( SBB and Appenzeller Bahn ) are accordingly well developed . The A1 / E60 ensures the connection to the national road network - five cantonal roads connect Gossau with the region: Hauptstrasse 7 to Wil and St. Gallen, canton road No. 8 via Flawil to Hauptstrasse 16 to Toggenburg, canton road No. 9 via Bischofszell to Thurgau. The main road 8 leads via Herisau into the Appenzellerland, which, according to planning , is to be relieved by the A25 Gossau-Ost motorway feeder to Waldstatt .
Gossau is on the main SBB line Geneva - Bern - Zurich - St. Gallen. There are also direct rail connections with Herisau and Appenzell as well as Bischofszell and Weinfelden . In the city and the surrounding area, the Regiobus AG buses run on five lines and the Postbus on one line.
Attractions
The Catholic parish church of St. Andreas in the city center dates from the 18th century ( Jakob Grubenmann ) and has been rebuilt several times since then. Its largest bell, weighing 8,695 kg, is one of the heaviest in Switzerland.
The reformed church on Haldenbühl is a neo-baroque central building with Art Nouveau elements (1899).
A little to the east of this is the modern Pallottine Chapel, which was built in 1987 by Antoniol & Huber (Frauenfeld) based on the churches of Mario Botta .
The Stadtbühl Brewery, built from 1899–1902 in the style of a “brewery castle”, is considered the most beautiful brewery building in the canton of St. Gallen.
The former Goldzackhalle (1955, originally a rubber band weaving mill) is a shed roof-like barrel vault and, thanks to the economical use of materials, is considered a “cult building of architectural minimalism” of the 50s (architects: Heinrich Danzeisen and Hans Voser), today it is used as a fitness center.
The Schwarzer Adler inn was built in 1750 by the cloth merchant Contamin and converted into an inn in 1782.
Outside the city:
The Henessenmühle , first mentioned in 1492 , together with a sawmill, bakery, restaurant, agriculture and cider mill - arranged as an ensemble around a square - forms a rural monument of earlier agriculture and food processing.
Further sights are the Oberberg Castle and various ruins ( ruins of Helfenberg , ruins of Rosenberg ) that are located around Gossau.
The Walter Zoo , the largest private zoo in Switzerland, is located in the northeast of Gossau .
The Glatttobel is located in the southwest : there is the Espel biotope , a nature reserve of national importance, the Helfenberg ruins and the Salpeter cave .
Sports & Freetime
The leisure activities in Gossau are based on the one hand on the lively club life; In Gossau there are over a hundred associations with a wide range of interests. A rich infrastructure is available to the clubs, but also to free users: indoor and outdoor swimming pools, various sports halls, football fields, tennis courts, a skate facility, various halls, hiking trails, museums such as the Hilti motorcycle museum as well as a city library and toy library.
outdoor pool
The Gossau outdoor pool has a long history. The first bathing establishment was built in 1898 at the site of today's Perron 3 development and was operated until 1911. Between 1911 and 1919 Gossau was without a bathing establishment. As a job creation measure in the inter-war phase, a provisional bathing establishment was built south of the train station, but for the time being only boys and men were allowed to use it; it was not open to women again until 1921. However, the sexes bathed and sunbathed separated by a wooden wall. In 1933 the new bath facility was built at the current location. Their pool served as an ice rink in winter until 1955. In 1950, planning began to expand the bathing establishment and, at the same time, the discussion about lifting the gender segregation. The outdoor pool, which was opened in 1961, was initially operated for a few hours as a «communal pool» for both sexes; In 1967 the gender segregation was finally abolished. But in the 1970s, the Gossau outdoor pool was still banned from two-piece bathing suits for women, and until 1986 "topless" was taboo. From 1971 the outdoor pool has been periodically renewed and adapted to changing bathing and leisure habits.
Sports
The handball players of TSV Fortitudo Gossau played from the 2008/09 season to the 2018/19 season in the National League A NLA, the top division in Switzerland.
The FC Gossau plays in the first league, the third-highest division in Switzerland since of 2010. Up until 2010, the first team had belonged to the Challenge League , the second highest Swiss league, for three seasons .
A special occasion is the Gossau Christmas Run, which has been bringing a good 3,500 running enthusiasts of all ages to Gossau every December since 1987.
regional customs
Every year “Chläusler” and “Maimarkt” attract exhibitors and showmen as well as many visitors to Gossau. In April 2006, the monastery market was launched, where monasteries and other religious communities sell products from the garden, cellar, kitchen and studio.
Honorary citizen
The local community of Gossau has granted the following people honorary citizenship:
| Award year | Honorary citizen |
|---|---|
| 1834 | Pastor Heinrich Müller v. Friedberg, pastor (died 1843) |
| 1871 | Theodor Ruggle, pastor (died 1891) |
| 1931 | Emil Mäder , Member of the Government (1920–1936; died 1936) |
| 1962 | Paul Starkkle (deceased) |
| 1976 | Jacques Bossart, former mayor (deceased) |
| 1984 | Emil Leubler, teacher and ornithologist (died 1988) |
| 1987 | Arnold Koller , former Federal Councilor |
| 2010 | Alex K. Fürer, former local citizen president |
| 2018 | Giulia Steingruber , artistic gymnast |
Other personalities
- Beda Angehrn (1767–1796), Prince Abbot of St. Gall
- Alois Scheiwiler (1872–1938), Bishop of St. Gallen and General Secretary of the Christian National Trade Union Confederation
- Augustin Meinrad Bächtiger (1888–1971), church painter and artist
- Roman Bannwart (1919–2010), theologian, priest and musician
- Ulrich Bräker (1735–1798), writer
- Leo Brunschwiler (1918–1977), stone sculptor and artist
- Hans Buschor (1933–2017), pastor, K-TV
- Bruno Damann (* 1957), St. Gallen Government Councilor
- Ivo Fürer (* 1930), former bishop of St. Gallen
- Ulrich Cavelti (1947–2018), lawyer
- Elisabeth Gerter (1895–1955), writer
- Isaak Gröbli (1822–1917), inventor of the ship embroidery machine
- Walter Klarer (1500–1567), Protestant Reformed pastor, reformer, innkeeper and chronicler
- Arnold Koller (* 1933), politician (CVP) and former Federal Councilor
- Erwin Koller (* 1940), theologian, pastor and publicist
- Johannes Künzle (1749-1820), people's leader
- Silvio Nido (1905–1974), track and field athlete
- Nadine Schori (* 1976), actress
- Erich Seifritz (* 1961), Professor of Psychiatry at the University of Zurich and Director of the Clinic for Affective Diseases and General Psychiatry Zurich East at the Psychiatric University Clinic Zurich
- Rainer Stadler (* 1958), journalist, media editor
- Giulia Steingruber (* 1994), artistic gymnast
- Hanny Thalmann (1912–2000), politician (CVP)
- Ralph Weber (* 1993), ski racer
literature
- Cornel Dora: Gossau (SG). In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
- Karl Eschenmoser, Wolfgang Göldi, Karl Schmuki, Urs Josef Cavelti: Gossau in the 20th century. From village to township. Cavelti, Gossau 2003, ISBN 3-85603-041-7 .
- Herbert Maeder, Norbert Wenk: Gossau. Village and town. Cavelti, Gossau 1981, ISBN 3-85603-001-3 .
- Paul Starkkle: History of Gossau. 2nd, unchanged edition, Cavelti, Gossau 1997 (first edition 1961), ISBN 3-85603-010-7 .
- Oberberger Blätter 2006–2007. Cavelti, Gossau 2006, ISBN 978-3-85603-056-8 ( ISSN 0472-4054 ).
- Elisabeth Gerter: The stickers. Novel. Rengger, Aarau 1938, new edition: Unionsverlag, Zurich 2003, ISBN 3-293-00313-3 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Permanent and non-permanent resident population by year, canton, district, municipality, population type and gender (permanent resident population). In: bfs. admin.ch . Federal Statistical Office (FSO), August 31, 2019, accessed on December 22, 2019 .
- ^ Linguistic Atlas of German-speaking Switzerland , Volume V, 1b.
- ↑ Lexicon of Swiss Community Names , ed. from the Center de Dialectologie at the University of Neuchâtel under the direction of Andres Kristol, Frauenfeld / Lausanne 2005, p. 398.
- ↑ StiASG , Urk. IV 499. Online at e-chartae , accessed on June 19, 2020.
- ↑ Document book of the Abbey of Sankt Gallen, Part 1: Years 700–840 ( digitized on Archive.org).
- ^ Federal Statistical Office : NR - Results parties (municipalities) (INT1). In: Federal Elections 2019 | opendata.swiss. August 8, 2019, accessed August 1, 2020 .
- ↑ Renewal election of the National Council. Retrieved August 3, 2020 .
- ↑ Construction work awarded , tagblatt.ch. Proof of canton road number
- ↑ One-way traffic during the paving work (PDF; 1.7 MB), City of Gossau. Proof of canton road number
- ^ Art and culture guide Canton St. Gallen. Thorbecke Verlag, 2005, p. 185.
- ↑ stadtgossau.ch: City Gossau Online: Sports , accessed on September 21, 2010
Andwil | Eggersriet | Gaiserwald | Gossau | Häggenschwil | Muolen | St. Gallen | Waldkirch | Wittenbach
Former parishes: Straubenzell | Tablet
Canton of St. Gallen | Constituencies of the Canton of St. Gallen | Municipalities of the Canton of St. Gallen