Haida (Röderland)

Haida Röderland municipality Coordinates: 51 ° 28 ′ 47 "  N , 13 ° 28 ′ 1"  E
Height :	92.2 m above sea level NN
Residents :	574  (2010)
Incorporation :	October 26, 2003
Postal code :	04932
Area code :	03533

Location of Haida in the state of Brandenburg

Haida town center

Haida has been part of the Röderland community in the Elbe-Elster district in southern Brandenburg and in the Niederlausitzer Heidelandschaft nature park since October 26, 2003 .

The place mentioned for the first time in 1443 belonged to the domain of Würdenhain , which was later incorporated into the neighboring Mühlberg domain . A few decades after the establishment of the Mühlberg office , there was an ultimately unsuccessful uprising by farmers from Haida, Würdenhain, Prieschka and Reichenhain against the Mühlberg magistrate Fuchs , which ended with arrests and court fines.

From the end of the 19th century, Haida, where viticulture was once done, was dominated by the forest tree nurseries that were established there , which were soon followed by numerous tree nurseries in the old district of Liebenwerda . The Haidaer Kieswerke was founded in 1890 with the construction of a brick factory. They mine the rich gravel and sand deposits in the northern part of the district and, together with a neighboring 27-hectare industrial area on federal road 101 , are an important economic factor of the town and the municipality of Röderland.

geography

Geography and natural space

Niederlausitzer Heidelandschaft nature park

Meadow in the Elsteraue landscape protection area flooded by the Black Elster

Haida is the northernmost part of the municipality of Röderland. The administrative seat of Prösen is about eight kilometers southeast of the village. The place is on the right side of the Schwarzen Elster opposite the mouth of the Großer Röder . The Plessa-Haida inner ditch also flows into the river there.

The village is located in the Breslau-Magdeburg glacial valley , which reaches its narrowest point a few kilometers east in the lowland of the Schraden between Elsterwerda and Merzdorf with a width of seven kilometers and then swings to the northwest. The goods bank belonging to the Hohenleipisch-Plessa terminal moraine rises northeast of the village . It is 153  m above sea level. NN the highest elevation on the right side of the Black Elster and in the Niederlausitzer Heidelandschaft nature park . The surface forms that dominate the landscape of this area emerged mainly during the Saale Cold Age 230,000 to 130,000 years ago. In the south upstream Sander of Hohenleipisch-Plessaer moraine Saalian time sands, gravelly sands and gravels are found, which are characterized by purity and high homogeneity distinguished and dismantled industrial Haida for about a century. The resulting gravel pit, which is located north of the Haida locality, is now about 25 meters deep.

Parts of the village are a component of approximately 6011 hectares protected landscape Elsteraue , which is divided into three ecological room units. The Elsteraue II sub-area is located in the Haida area. One of the purposes of the landscape protection area is "the preservation of the area because of its special importance for natural recreation in the area of ​​the health resort Bad Liebenwerda." In addition, Haida is surrounded by the Niederlausitzer Heidelandschaft nature park , which covers an area of ​​484 square kilometers in the Elbe-Elster district and in the district Oberspreewald-Lausitz includes. Its centerpiece, the Forsthaus Prösa nature reserve with one of the largest contiguous sessile oak forests in Central Europe, is located northeast of federal highway 101 in the former Liebenwerdaer Heide . Southwest of the village extends along the river of the Old Röder between Would grove and Prieschka the approximately 80 hectare nature reserve Old Röder . Its protective purpose consists, among other things, in the preservation and development of this area as a habitat for the Elbe beaver and other animal species that are threatened. The Röder lowland, which was placed under nature protection in 1981, is home to one of the most consistent occurrences of the endangered Elbe beaver, which was detected there before the Second World War.

climate

The Elsterwerda – Herzberger Elsterniederung, in which large parts of Haida are located, lies in the so-called Schwarze-Elster district of the inland climate , but a transition to the continental climate is noticeable. The regional climatic elements are less pronounced and are mainly determined by the peculiarities of the east-west oriented relief of the Breslau-Magdeburg glacial valley and the mountain ranges of the terminal moraines that border it in the north and south. The Hohenleipisch-Plessa terminal moraine exerts a certain rain shadow effect on the lowland areas south of it.

The month with the least precipitation is February, the wettest July. The mean annual air temperature at the Doberlug-Kirchhain weather station 20 kilometers to the north is 8.5 ° C. The annual fluctuation between the coldest month of January and the warmest month of July is 18.4 ° C.

Average monthly precipitation for neighboring Elsterwerda from 1951 to 1980 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Precipitation ( mm ) 37 33 34 45 54 70 72 66 48 49 41 48 Σ 597 Source: Luise Grundmann, Dietrich Hanspach, Der Schraden , ISBN 978-3-412-10900-4 , p. 14

history

From the first mention to the Thirty Years War

Village square

Haida was first mentioned as a heath in 1443 . An alleged mention in 1251 could not be confirmed. Other forms of name were Heidedorff in 1463 , Die Heide in 1484 and 1486, Heide in 1540 , Heidaw in 1550 , Heida (w) in 1572 , Heyda in 1590 and Heida in 1617 . The name Heyde comes from Middle High German and means something like flat, undeveloped land. However, in some areas the term is also associated with sterile, uncultivated land. In northern Germany and parts of Saxony the term is used as a synonym for forest. Therefore an interpretation of the place name as a settlement in the forest or on the edge of the forest is likely.

The village emerged in the formerly multi-armed river area of ​​the Black Elster around a triangular village green that is still recognizable. Similar to the neighboring towns of Würdenhain and Reichenhain, it was probably founded around 1200. Haida belonged to the Würdenhain lordship , which, in addition to Haida and Würdenhain, also included the neighboring communities Reichenhain, Prieschka and Oschätze as well as the old parish boundaries, originally also Kosilenzien and Kröbeln. In 1442, however, the rule of Würdenhain was dissolved by order of the Saxon Elector Friedrich the Meek and joined the neighboring rule of Mühlberg, as the Würdenhain lord of the castle, Hans Marschalk, was guilty of breaching the peace . In the following year the area came to the Bohemian nobleman Hinko Birke from Duba through barter and purchase .

From 1520 Haida belonged to the Mühlberg office , to which the former Würdenhain dominion was affiliated and where from then on taxes and compulsory services were to be performed. The residents of the place were parish in Würdenhain . They adopted the evangelical faith during the Reformation in 1541 . The previous Catholic priest Thomas Bantzer, who had previously come from Prieschka, refused to accept the Lutheran faith, built a house on the Würdenhain parish and resigned his office. On Ascension Day in 1541 the first Lutheran pastor was ordained in Würdenhain.

Haida town center with parts of the old village green

A few decades later, in 1564, the farmers from Haida, Würdenhain, Prieschka and Reichenhain rioted against the Mühlberg magistrate Fuchs . After a meeting in Würdenhain, where Hans Dietrich from Haida had appeared, they put down their complaints in a document The 10 Articles of Claim of the villages of Werdenhayn and Heide and directed it to Dresden via the bailiff . But since the farmers did not trust the official channels, they sent a second copy directly to the elector "in his own hands". Among other things, they complained about the impairment of fishing and forest usage rights and about reduced wages when building a castle in Mühlberg. Since the farmers' actions were viewed as dangerous and punishable, Dresden first ordered inquiries into the “Rehdelsführer”. In a report from the bailiff dated June 24, 1564, it was stated that the Haidaer had testified to him that they had been seduced by the dignitaries. But they wanted to get along with the office. The Würdenhainer Kretzschmann Hans Bräunig, testator and at the same time spokesman for the peasants, and Hans Dietrich were initially arrested. She and a few other farmers involved were later fined.

In 1589 Haida had about 60 residents with a judge's estate , ten farms and two cottagers . The children from Haida sent to school in Würdenhain . There they were tutored around 1598 by Martinus Thymig, a tailor. To do this, they had to take the boat across the Black Elster, since at that time there was only one ford , but no bridge, across the river. Thymig, who held the office of sexton in Würdenhain, complained about the poor condition of his house during a visitation. Since there was no fire wall, heating it up was very dangerous and the smoke spoiled all of his equipment and books.

When the Thirty Years' War began in 1618 , it brought much misery and looting by troops passing through for the entire region. The village of Haida was particularly hard hit in January 1637, when the troops of the Swedish general Johan Banér moved into their winter quarters in Torgau until early summer . They roamed the adjacent Elbe-Elster area , plundered the places and set them on fire. In 1652 only two of the once eleven farms were taxable. The rest of the courtyards were still desolate. Until 1677, not all of the properties in Haida could be occupied again. Individual messages about the reoccupation of the farms have come down to us from the years 1652 and 1672. Martin Thiemig, who held the office of judge in Haida, is said to have taken over the hereditary estate from Hans Böhmichen at Dorfplatz 13/15 in 1651.

Haida viticulture

The former Haida wine-growing region

“Biehlscher Wein and Heedscher Most pull your mouth from west to east” is a well-known saying in the Haida area. As in Biehla, which adjoins to the east, where viticulture goes back to the 16th century, as well as in the neighboring towns of Theisa , Dobra , Liebenwerda and Prestewitz , viticulture was carried out in Haida, especially in the north of the village, of which one street is still present today north of the railway line with the name " Weinberg " testifies. In 1673, the Prieschkaer Gut took over the plot of land that had been desolate for more than thirty-two years, today Weinberg 10, which was owned by the forest and game master Friedrich Sieber. The estate built a winegrower's house there and employed its own winegrowers. A map by Peter Schenk from 1752 shows Haida as an official, simple farming village with a vineyard. And an article in the local history supplement of the Liebenwerdaer Kreisblatt "Die Schwarze Elster" mentions Haida in 1906 as one of the last places in the district where viticulture can still be found.

From the Congress of Vienna to land reform

Location of the community of Haida with the Haidaer Heide in the Liebenwerda district in the middle of the 19th century.

Course of the Black Elster between Haida, Würdenhain and Prieschka around 1850

According to the provisions of the Congress of Vienna in 1815, Haida came from the Kingdom of Saxony to the Merseburg administrative district of the Prussian province of Saxony and the Liebenwerda district was created in 1816 , in which a large part of the Mühlberg office, the Liebenwerda office and parts of the Großenhain office were absorbed.

To the north of Haida, today's federal road 101 leads past the place. The section in the area of ​​the village was expanded in 1827 with straightening of the route. Until the construction of Autobahn 113 in 1935, the road was the most important road connection between the capital of Berlin and Dresden. At that time, express mail was using the road three times a week. At the Haida corridor boundary, a now defunct inn Zum heiteren Blick was built in 1847 , which resulted in a death while building a well.

After the Prussian provincial government tried to develop plans for regulating the Black Elster in 1817, the river was finally measured from 1830 to 1834. In April 1852 the Association for the Regulation of the Black Elster was founded and on May 10, 1852, construction work to regulate the water began from Zeischa, a few kilometers downstream, first in the direction of Haida / Würdenhain. The river, which until then consisted of numerous rivers , received its current bed over a length of around 90 kilometers by 1863 with the use of up to 1,200 workers at times and was diked. It is one of the most narrowed rivers in Central Europe .

The beginning industrialization of the Elbe-Elster region in the middle of the 19th century also had an impact on the further development of the Haida community. On June 1, 1874 the Upper Lusatian Railway from Kohlfurt via Biehla to Falkenberg / Elster ( railway line Węgliniec – Falkenberg / Elster ) was handed over. A year later, the farmer Traugott Schmidt began growing the first pine trees . With this he laid the foundation stone for the forest tree nurseries located in Haida. In the period that followed, the town developed primarily along the railway line and on the local road from Elsterwerda to Bad Liebenwerda, so that the Haida locality merges almost seamlessly with the neighboring Biehlaer to the east.

Shortly after the turn of the century, a three-arch concrete bridge with two pillars was built over the Black Elster in the course of road construction work from 1906 to 1907. Before, the Röder and the Schwarze Elster could only be passed at fords and on foot over footbridges. When the tide was high, a so-called “school ship” operated which transported the Haida children to the Würdenhain school. Towards the end of the Second World War , the Elsterbrücke was destroyed on April 22, 1945 to prevent the advancing troops of the Red Army from marching in .

The 587 hectare estate of the manor belonging to Saathain Castle was divided up as part of the land reform in the Soviet occupation zone . 489.91 hectares were accounted for by a total of 281 people in the surrounding communities of Haida (72.83 hectares), Reichenhain (124.80 hectares), Saathain (181.33 hectares), Stolzenhain (30.11 hectares), Würdenhain (78, 80 ha) and Kröbeln (2.04 ha).

From the dissolution of Prussia to the turning point

Elster Bridge

The pumping station on the Black Elster

Former village consumption with the old school building of the place

Elsterwerdaer Strasse

In February 1947 the Allied Control Council ordered the formal dissolution of Prussia. Haida now belonged to the newly founded state of Saxony-Anhalt . In 1952, however, the country was dissolved again as part of the administrative reform in the GDR , which was formed in 1949, and Haida was in the Cottbus district after the districts were founded until reunification in 1990 .

In 1954, the cemetery hall was built as part of the National Reconstruction Works using the stones from the chimney of the old Haida brickworks, which was closed in 1932, which was turned over in the same year. A wooden bridge over the Black Elster, built in 1950 to replace the Elster Bridge destroyed at the end of the Second World War , was replaced in 1959 by an existing concrete bridge. The construction work was carried out by VEB Bau Elsterwerda . For the construction, estimated at 210,000 DM , 50 tons of steel, 150 tons of cement and 500 cubic meters of gravel were used. In the 1960s, a pumping station was built not far from the bridge opposite the mouth of the Großer Röder , the most important flood pumping station in the Elsterwerda - Plessa partial drainage area north of the river. It serves to regulate the flood levels of the Haida-Plessa inner trench and the Thau trench, both of which flow through the urban area of ​​Elsterwerda. The construction of the facility was necessary to prevent further flood damage in the adjoining corridors, as had previously occurred. As soon as the Schwarze Elster had a higher water level than the inland ditch, the locks had to be closed, causing the water in the inland ditch to accumulate to form a huge lake.

On April 1, 1974, the neighboring Würdenhain was incorporated into Haida. In the period that followed, there were further improvements to the local infrastructure . A consumer outlet was opened on the village square in the 1970s . With the help of the residents, projects such as the construction of a new central drinking water supply and the establishment of a community antenna system could later be implemented. In addition, a day nursery was set up in the immediate vicinity of the kindergarten and the local nurses' station. The sunshine daycare center is currently located there .

Recent past

After the political turning point , the Röderland office was formed on January 15, 1992. It consisted of the communities of Haida with the Würdenhain district and the surrounding villages of Prösen, Reichenhain, Saathain, Stolzenhain and Wainsdorf. The village belonged to the district reform in Brandenburg in 1993 to the district of Bad Liebenwerda that on 6 December 1993, together with the districts of Herzberg and Finsterwalde the Elbe-Elster district was formed. The district of the place, together with the then Würdenhain district, had an area of ​​around eleven square kilometers in 1995. On October 26, 2003, in the course of the municipal area reform in the state of Brandenburg, the villages belonging to the state were merged to form the unofficial municipality of Röderland and Haida lost its communal independence.

In the last few years, Haida has seen several modernization measures as part of the village renewal . The community center and a new fire station were built in the immediate vicinity of the sports field . In addition, a central sewage pipe was laid in 2008 and a new playground was inaugurated at the community center in October 2010.

Population development

In 1835 the village had 21 houses with 123 inhabitants. With the commissioning of the railway lines and the establishment of the first industrial plants in the region around the turn of the century, the number of Haida's inhabitants also increased, which more than doubled within a few decades. After the Second World War, Haida's population rose to 799 as a result of the influx of displaced people in 1946. After it had fallen to 694 in the following period by 1971, it reached its peak in Haida at the German reunification in 1990 with 848. By 2010, the number fell to 574 , mainly as a result of a drop in the birth rate in the new federal states during the 1990s and a strong emigration.

Population development from 1875 to 2010
year	Residents		year	Residents		year	Residents		year	Residents		year	Residents
1875	174		1946	799		1989	835		1995	800		2001	789
1890	181		1950	787		1990	848		1996	786		2002	758
1910	250		1964	684		1991	814		1997	800		2006	665
1925	430		1971	694		1992	802		1998	804		2009	580
1933	531		1981	803		1993	807		1999	805		2010	574
1939	594		1985	807		1994	785		2000	799

politics

Village seal 18th / 19th century

District representation

Since the merger with the surrounding villages of Prösen, Reichenhain, Saathain, Stolzenhain, Wainsdorf and Würdenhain on October 26, 2003, Haida has been part of the Röderland community. According to the main statute of the municipality, it is represented by the mayor and a three-person local advisory board .

The head of the village is currently Christina Hagen (Haida voter community), who has her office in the building of the former kindergarten. It is represented by Olaf Brößgen (Haida Voting Association). Another member of the local advisory board is Dirk Brochwitz (Haida voter association).

Coat of arms and seal

According to the statutes of the municipality of Röderland, today's district of Haida does not have its own coat of arms. However, an old village seal from Haida has been preserved, which, like most of the few known village seals in the old district of Bad Liebenwerda, was probably created in the first half of the 19th century. In the middle of the seal there is a spruce tree with a boat at its foot. In the transcription of the oval seal, the place name "Heida" is in an earlier spelling.

Culture and sights

Community center

Haida sports field

The cemetery hall built in 1954

Leisure and Tourism

A community center opened on December 3, 2004 at the Haida sports field. Equipped with a bowling alley, the building can be used for social and sporting events. Active clubs include SV Diana Haida with the football, bowling, table tennis and gymnastics departments, the rural women group and the fishing club Hecht 90 e. V. , whose clubhouse is located on a 0.37 hectare fishing pond in the former Haida district of Würdenhain. The fire station of the volunteer fire brigade is located directly next to the community center . The Haida youth club uses rooms in the building of the former kindergarten on the village square.

The annual sporting highlight is the sports festival in July. Other traditional events include the Easter bonfire , the harvest festival of the Röderländer rural women group and the Christmas fairy tale market on the first Sunday in December.

Holiday rooms and apartments are available from private providers. A privately run tent site covers around 5000 square meters.

Several paved bike paths along the Black Elster connect Haida with the sights of the surrounding area, the Niederlausitzer Heidelandschaft nature park and the Schraden lowlands about eight kilometers to the east . With the Tour Brandenburg , Germany's longest long-distance cycle path, at 1111 kilometers, leads past the village. Further cycle routes are the Fürst-Pückler-Radweg , which was included in the project list of the International Building Exhibition Fürst-Pückler-Land under the motto 500 kilometers through time , and the 108 kilometer-long Schwarze-Elster-Radweg . The Waldbad Zeischa , where there is another campsite with 137 parking spaces and rental bungalows, is located about two kilometers northwest of the Haida locality.

Monuments

To the left and right of the entrance to the Haida cemetery hall there are panels with eleven names of the villagers who died in the First World War and twenty-nine of the villagers who died in the Second World War.

Say

The valley of the Black Elster is very legendary. The river, which once flowed through the valley in numerous meandering rivers, so that the region resembled the Spreewald , offered plenty of material for the imagination of the people. Aquarians, mermaids, goblins and will-o'-the-wisps romped about there. However, the large forest area north of the village with the Liebenwerdaer and the former Haidaer Heide, which is still marked on maps from the 19th century, stimulated the imagination of the people.

Thus, the legend tells The sparkling jewel of three Would Hainer basket makers that their goods into the well as because of its many baskets at an earlier time Kober Walke known Kraupa had delivered. When they had played cards there late into the night, they went home on the forest path between Kraupa and Haida. They saw something sparkling under a bush at an old clay pit. When they reached for it, however, the twinkle turned out to be tree frogs. One of the basket makers would not be deterred and put one of the frogs in his pocket. When he got home, he instead pulled out a gold ducat, beaming with joy. His two companions ran back in vain to do the same.

Economy and Infrastructure

Economy and Transport

Bus stop in the center of Haida

Haida is located on the Węgliniec – Falkenberg / Elster railway line . The place is tangent to the federal road 101 and the state road 593. The nearest train stations are in Elsterwerda (railway lines Berlin – Dresden and Riesa – Elsterwerda ) and in Biehla (railway line Węgliniec – Falkenberg / Elster). In addition, Haida is connected to local public transport by bus connections.

The district has a 27 hectare industrial area, which is located north of the village in the immediate vicinity of the federal highway 101. Located near the Haidaer gravel pit, it is particularly interesting for the building materials industry and trade. So far, a concrete manufacturer, a transport company, a construction company and a car dealership have settled on the site. There are also other medium-sized companies based in the village. Since 2001, STABAU GmbH, a subsidiary of the Dutch Heuvelmans Group , has been located on the site of a concrete plant, which was closed after the fall of the Wall, about two kilometers west of Haida . The company, which trades in steel and building profiles and is a supplier to European building construction, civil engineering and special civil engineering, uses around 80,000 square meters of storage space in Haida.

Haida stop (Upper Lusatia)

The Haida stop around 1980

In Haida there is a former stop on the Węgliniec – Falkenberg / Elster railway line . The line was put into operation in 1874 by the Upper Lusatian Railway Company . The stopping point, like the Kahla stopping point located a few kilometers to the east, was erroneously given the addition (Oberlausitz) when it was renamed in 1935 . Before he was called Haida (Oberlaus) . In fact, Haida, as a former administrative village of Mühlberg, belongs to the Elbe-Elster area . The western border of Upper Lusatia runs east of the Schraden .

The railway line leading through the village was modernized in the 1980s. After laying a second track, electrification came . As in other places along the route, a new platform for the opposite direction had become necessary in Haida. The stopping point included a gatekeeper's house with a waiting hall and a two-storey stationkeeper's house with apartments for the Reichsbahn employees, which is now privately owned. With the installation of a half-barrier in 1982, local ticket sales at the Haida stop were discontinued as part of rationalization measures. The stop was closed for the 1996/97 timetable change.

Haida pebbles and sands

Haida gravel works

Haidaer gravel pit

The raw material clay, which occurs in Haida, is already recorded in maps from the 17th century. Shortly before the end of the 19th century, large-scale industrial mining of clay, gravel and sand began. In 1890 the foundry sand pit owner Leberecht Birnstengel and Hermann Köster from Elsterwerda acquired the Horkenplan in the Haida wine-growing area. Soon they received the building permit for a brick ring kiln, which, as a zigzag ring kiln with eleven individual chambers , enabled continuous operation. In addition, a brick press, a drying shed and a 26 meter high chimney were built.

However, the Haida clay stocks soon proved to be insufficient. In addition, they were contaminated by marl and coal, so that some of the bricks produced burst apart. A few years before the First World War, the brickworks was sold to the Prussian purveyor to the court, Franz Heiligendorff , who came from Berlin and switched to the exploitation of the sand and gravel deposits. The sand mined by the company Schüler und Heiligendorff KG was delivered to the German armaments industry as well as to steel and iron foundries. The transport took place mostly by rail, first from Elsterwerda, later from the siding of the Zeischa company Weiland. In 1924 Eduard Ratz took over the business. In 1932 he shut down the brick kiln and built a modern sifting plant, which with its facade in the lowlands was visible from afar until it was demolished in the early 1990s. The company received its own rail connection, which enabled 15 to 20 wagons to be loaded.

Shortly after the Second World War, the gravel works became public property on September 30, 1945. In 1958, the factory merged with the Plessa brickworks and the Hohenleipisch Tonwaren company. From 1964 the company, which was now subordinate to the Cottbus district building authority, was called VEB Elsterwerdaer Kies- und Sandwerke . Six years later the VE Baustoffkombinat Cottbus was founded for aggregates and sand-lime bricks , which was based in Haida. With the construction of further production facilities, the company was constantly expanding, so that the railway connection of the plant had to be expanded from two to four tracks with a 15 kV catenary at the end of the 1980s. Two diesel locomotives V 18 and V 21 were in operation in the gravel plant. The connecting station from Elsterwerda-Biehla was served by three trains a day.

With the market economy that began after the turnaround , the Haidaer Kieswerke were converted into ZuS Zusatzstoffe und Spezialsande GmbH , from which Silex Normkies Speyer acquired shares in 1991. Extensive investments followed. Since the transport could now be carried out by road, the rail connection was closed in 1997 and later dismantled. In April 1996, a newly built special sand works in Haida went into operation. The gravel plant is currently part of the Wolff & Müller group of companies with headquarters in Stuttgart, the capital of Baden-Württemberg . According to its own information, the plant employed around 30 people in Haida in April 2010.

Haida forest nurseries

Haida is considered the cradle of forest tree nurseries in the old district of Liebenwerda. In 1875 the thirty-three year old farmer Traugott Schmidt founded the old district's first tree nursery there as a sideline. First he and his numerous children collected pine cones. He sown the seeds obtained from it in spring on bare areas east of the former Haida vineyards, on the so-called Quall .

After Schmidt, who died on August 1, 1902 at the age of sixty, other Haidaers soon began growing pines and sold the plants to forestry offices, foresters and farmers. In addition to pines, they also offered other conifers and deciduous trees. In the mid-1950s, 40 of the 100 or so breeders resident in the district were from Haida. Many of these companies, such as those in Biehla, Zeischa and Bad Liebenwerda, were still owned by the Schmidt family. In the spa town of Bad Liebenwerda a few kilometers to the west, Wilhelmine Schmidt, who was born in Haida in 1844 and married the trader Julius Kloss in 1874, is considered to be the founder of the tree nurseries there.

In 1962 the LPG Grüne Tanne was founded in Haida for the cooperative cultivation of forest plants. The forest tree nursery Grüne Tanne Haida GmbH is currently continuing this tradition. The company mainly produces forest and landscape trees on an area of ​​around 28 hectares. The plants grown in Haida are characterized by a good root shoot ratio and a high proportion of fine roots due to the climatic conditions and the low soil value numbers.

Nurseries field at Haida

education

The community of Haida built its own school house on the village green in 1912, but continued to form a school association with Würdenhain, where the local children had previously attended school, which initially also existed as a school combine during the GDR era. The school combine was later closed and from 1975 the children started school in the Polytechnic High School in Elsterwerda-Biehla , which was converted into a secondary school after the fall of the Wall . In 2006 it was dissolved; The city's primary school center is now located in the premises.

Daycare Center Sunshine

The pupils in the district are currently enrolled in the Prösen elementary school, which has the status of a reliable half-day school and is run by the Röderland community. There is a privately owned secondary school in Prösen. In the town of Elsterwerda , which is immediately to the east of Haida, there is a high school, a grammar school and other educational institutions.

The sunshine daycare center offers space for 32 children. In addition to an outdoor movement construction site, the facility also includes specially equipped rooms for music, languages, works, nature and sport. There are libraries in Prösen, Elsterwerda and Bad Liebenwerda.

media

The municipality gazette and the official gazette for the municipality of Röderland appear monthly in Haida . The district gazette of the Elbe-Elster district appears as required.

The regional daily newspaper in the Elbe-Elster district is the Elbe-Elster-Rundschau belonging to the Lausitzer Rundschau with a circulation of around 96,000 copies. The free advertising papers Wochenkurier and SonntagsWochenBlatt come out weekly.

Personalities

Haida is closely connected to the local researcher Felix Hoffmann , who comes from Silesia and who has lived there since his resettlement. Hoffmann wrote numerous articles on the local history of the old districts Sagan and Bad Liebenwerda . Some of his publications are in the holdings of the German National Library . In 1968 he died at the age of 72 in Bad Liebenwerda.

The Haidaer Prof. Dr. Ing.habil. During and after his teaching activity in Dresden, Horst Krampe published not only specialist literature in the field of logistics but also articles and topics on local research.

Another local researcher, the Würdenhain teacher Rudolf Matthies , who like Hoffmann published numerous articles on local history, was director of the Haida-Würdenhain school from 1961 until he retired.

The artist Heinz-Detlef Moosdorf lived in Haida for many years. A permanent exhibition by him can be seen in the community center.

literature

• Felix Hoffmann: The Hüfner from Haida. In: Home calendar for the Bad Liebenwerda district . Ed .: Working groups of nature and homeland friends of the German Cultural Association in the Bad Liebenwerda district. Bad Liebenwerda 1959, p. 88-90 .
• Heinz Kettmann: The old man from the Quallwiese. In: Home calendar for the Bad Liebenwerda district . Ed .: Working groups of nature and homeland friends of the German Cultural Association in the Bad Liebenwerda district. Bad Liebenwerda 1959, p. 177–182 (hunting history).
• Felix Hoffmann: White Glod from Haida. In: Home calendar for the Bad Liebenwerda district . Ed .: Working groups of nature and homeland friends of the German Cultural Association in the Bad Liebenwerda district. Bad Liebenwerda 1960, p. 93-97 .
• Michael Bork, Horst Krampe: Treasures of our homeland - special sands and aggregates from Haida . In: Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Heimatkunde eV Bad Liebenwerda (Hrsg.): Local calendar for the old district of Bad Liebenwerda, the Mückenberger Ländchen, outskirts on Schraden and Uebigau-Falkenberg . tape 2004/2005 . Bad Liebenwerda 2004, p. 300-312 .

Web links

Commons : Haida  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• District page on the municipality homepage

Footnotes

1. ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 2003
2. ↑ Luise Grundmann, Dietrich Hanspach (author): Der Schraden. A regional study in the Elsterwerda, Lauchhammer, Hirschfeld and Ortrand area . Ed .: Institute for Regional Geography Leipzig and the Saxon Academy of Sciences in Leipzig. Böhlau Verlag, Cologne, Weimar, Vienna 2005, ISBN 3-412-10900-2 .
3. ↑ Status: 2005
4. ↑ ^{a b c} Michael Bork, Horst Krampe: Treasures of our homeland - special sands and aggregates from Haida . In: Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Heimatkunde eV Bad Liebenwerda (Hrsg.): Local calendar for the old district of Bad Liebenwerda, the Mückenberger Ländchen, outskirts on Schraden and Uebigau-Falkenberg . tape 2004/2005 . Bad Liebenwerda 2004, p. 300-312 .
5. ↑ Dietmar Winkler: Heimische Bodenschätze - On the origin of the raw materials mined in the Hohenleipisch / Döllingen / Plessa area . In: Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Heimatkunde eV Bad Liebenwerda (Hrsg.): Local calendar for the old district Bad Liebenwerda, the Mückenberger Ländchen, Ortrand am Schraden and Uebigau-Falkenberg 1997 . Bad Liebenwerda 1997, p. 184-192 .
6. ↑ Dietmar Winkler: "On the emergence of our landscape" In: Home calendar for the old district of Bad Liebenwerda, the Mückenberger Ländchen, outskirts on Schraden and Uebigau-Falkenberg 1998 . Ed .: Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Heimatkunde eV Bad Liebenwerda. Bad Liebenwerda 1998, p. 207-214 .
7. ↑ Ordinance on the "Elsteraue" landscape protection area ( Memento of the original dated September 5, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
8. ↑ Website of the Niederlausitzer Heidelandschaft nature park. Niederlausitzer Heidelandschaft Nature Park, accessed on August 21, 2009 . 
9. ↑ Protected area information of the nature reserve "Forsthaus Prösa". (PDF; 12 kB) Niederlausitzer Heidelandschaft Nature Park, accessed on August 21, 2009 . 
10. ↑ Protected area information of the Alte Röder nature reserve . (PDF; 12 kB) Niederlausitzer Heidelandschaft Nature Park, accessed on August 21, 2009 . 
11. ↑ Heinz Kettmann: Beaver at Prieschka. In: Home calendar for the Bad Liebenwerda district . Bad Liebenwerda 1960, p. 177 to 181 .
12. ↑ Dietrich Dolch, Dietrich Heidecke, Jana Teubner, Jens Teubner: The beaver in the state of Brandenburg . In: Nature conservation and landscape maintenance in Brandenburg . No. 11 , 2002, p. 220-234 ( mugv.brandenburg.de [PDF]). mugv.brandenburg.de ( Memento of the original dated February 11, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
13. ↑ Luise Grundmann, Dietrich Hanspach: Der Schraden , Böhlau, September 2001, ISBN 978-3-412-10900-4 , p. 13/14 - Measured values ​​1951–1980 Precipitation: Elsterwerda
14. ↑ Geoclimate 2.1
15. ↑ Luise Grundmann, Dietrich Hanspach: Der Schraden , Böhlau, September 2001, ISBN 978-3-412-10900-4 , p. 14 - Measured values ​​1951–1980 Precipitation: Elsterwerda
16. ↑ Die Schwarze Elster No. 3 (580), 1981
17. ^ Emilia Crome: The place names of the Bad Liebenwerda district . Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1968
18. ^ "History of the village Würdenhain" by Rudolf Matthies teacher , local chronicler, local researcher and employee at the Museum for Pre- and Early History Potsdam, 1953
19. ↑ Rudolf Matthies: The rule Würdenhain. In: Home calendar for the Bad Liebenwerda district . Ed .: Working groups of nature and homeland friends of the German Cultural Association in the Bad Liebenwerda district. Bad Liebenwerda 1962, p. 112 to 116 .
20. ↑ ^{a b c d} Rudolf Matthies: History of the village Würdenhain . 1953 (compiled within the framework of the national construction work with subsequent additions by Ursula, Heinz and Matthias Lohse).
21. ↑ Rudolf Matthies: From old files of the Mühlberg office . In: Working groups of the friends of nature and home of the German cultural association Bad Liebenwerda district (Hrsg.): Home calendar for the Bad Liebenwerda district . Bad Liebenwerda 1957, p. 78-81 .
22. ↑ Rudolf Matthies: Devastated Home . In: Home calendar for the Bad Liebenwerda district . Bad Liebenwerda 1960, p. 142 to 148 .
23. ↑ Flyer on viticulture in Biehla. ( Memento of the original from September 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF) City of Elsterwerda  
24. ↑ Rudolf Matthies: "Devastated home." In: Home calendar for the Bad Liebenwerda district . Bad Liebenwerda 1960, p. 143 .
25. ↑ History of the Prieschkaer Rittergut on the district side of the city of Bad Liebenwerda ( Memento of the original from November 28, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
26. ^ Gerd Günther: Viticulture in Prestewitz . In: Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Heimatkunde eV Bad Liebenwerda (Hrsg.): Local calendar for the old district of Bad Liebenwerda, the Mückenberger Ländchen, outskirts on Schraden and Uebigau-Falkenberg . No. 54 . Gräser Verlag Großenhain, Bad Liebenwerda 2007, ISBN 3-932913-00-0 , p. 250 .
27. ↑ "Viticulture in the Liebenwerda District" in "Die Schwarze Elster", No. 25, 1906
28. ↑ Rudolf Matthies: "On old Heidewegen". In: Home calendar for the Bad Liebenwerda district . Bad Liebenwerda 1957, p. 51 to 55 .
29. ↑ M. Karl Fitzkow: "On old and new streets". In: Home calendar for the Bad Liebenwerda district . Bad Liebenwerda 1961, p. 130 to 141 .
30. ↑ Frank Claus: Elster damaged areas should be repaired quickly . In: Lausitzer Rundschau , October 5, 2010
31. ^ Rudolf Matthies: The Elsterbrücke between Haida and Würdenhain . In: Working groups of the friends of nature and home of the German cultural association Bad Liebenwerda district (Hrsg.): Home calendar for the Bad Liebenwerda district . Bad Liebenwerda 1964, p. 108 to 110 .
32. ↑ Luise Grundmann, Dietrich Hanspach (author): Der Schraden. A regional study in the Elsterwerda, Lauchhammer, Hirschfeld and Ortrand area . Ed .: Institute for Regional Geography Leipzig and the Saxon Academy of Sciences in Leipzig. Böhlau Verlag, Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 2005, ISBN 3-412-10900-2 .
33. ↑ Rudolf Matthies: Where the Röder flows . In: Working groups of the friends of nature and home of the German cultural association Bad Liebenwerda district (Hrsg.): Home calendar for the Bad Liebenwerda district . tape 1965/66 . Bad Liebenwerda, S. 223-225 .
34. ↑ Alfons Sonntag: Possibility of renaturation of the Black Elster . In: Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Heimatkunde e. V. Bad Liebenwerda (Ed.): Local calendar for the old district of Bad Liebenwerda, the Mückenberger Ländchen, outskirts on Schraden and Uebigau-Falkenberg . Bad Liebenwerda 2002, p. 215-230 .
35. ↑ Felix Hoffmann: The stone chronicle of Saathain. In: Home calendar for the Bad Liebenwerda district . Ed .: Working groups of nature and homeland friends of the German Cultural Association in the Bad Liebenwerda district. Bad Liebenwerda 1960, p. 198-201 .
36. ^ ^{A b} Felix Hoffmann: White gold from Haida. In: Home calendar for the Bad Liebenwerda district . Ed .: Working groups of nature and homeland friends of the German Cultural Association in the Bad Liebenwerda district. Bad Liebenwerda 1960, p. 93-97 .
37. ^ Rudolf Matthies: The Elsterbrücke between Haida and Würdenhain. In: Home calendar for the Bad Liebenwerda district . Ed .: Working groups of nature and homeland friends of the German Cultural Association in the Bad Liebenwerda district. Bad Liebenwerda 1964, p. 108 to 110 .
38. ↑ Luise Grundmann, Dietrich Hanspach (author): Der Schraden. A regional study in the Elsterwerda, Lauchhammer, Hirschfeld and Ortrand area . Ed .: Institute for Regional Geography Leipzig and the Saxon Academy of Sciences in Leipzig. Böhlau Verlag, Cologne, Weimar, Vienna 2005, ISBN 3-412-10900-2 , pp. 118 .
39. ↑ Status: 1995
40. ^ Author collective of the MUG Brandenburg eV: Heimatbuch Landkreis Elbe-Elster . Herzberg 1996, p. 118 .
41. ↑ Historical municipality directory 2005 for Brandenburg. (PDF)
42. ^ Special publication of the Lausitzer Rundschau "Das Extra zur Wende", November 7th, 2009, p. 19
43. ↑ Ines Klut: The street in Haida is completely blocked . In: Lausitzer Rundschau , June 27, 2008
44. ↑ Felix Hoffmann: The Huefner of Haida . In: Working groups of the friends of nature and home of the German cultural association Bad Liebenwerda district (Hrsg.): Home calendar for the Bad Liebenwerda district . Bad Liebenwerda 1959, p. 88 to 90 .
45. ↑ First mention of our home churches . In: Working groups of the friends of nature and home of the German cultural association Bad Liebenwerda district (Hrsg.): Home calendar for the Bad Liebenwerda district . Bad Liebenwerda 1959, p. 28 .
46. ↑ Matthäus Karl Fitzkow : On the older history of the city of Liebenwerda and its district area . Ed .: District Museum Bad Liebenwerda. Bad Liebenwerda 1961.
47. ↑ Overview of the population and the number of livestock in 1835 . In: Die Schwarze Elster-Our home in words and pictures . No. 596 . Bad Liebenwerda 1985, p. 8-10 .
48. ↑ Health report 2010 on child and youth health, Elbe-Elster district, lkee.de  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF)  
49. ^ Historical municipality register 2005 for Brandenburg statistik.brandenburg.de (PDF)
50. ↑ Elbe-Elster-Rundschau “Das Rundschau-Magazin” (issue for Bad Liebenwerda / Elsterwerda), December 23, 2006, page 6
51. ↑ District page of Haida on the municipality homepage of Röderland. (No longer available online.) Röderland municipality, archived from the original on March 8, 2009 ; Retrieved March 15, 2009 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
52. ↑ District page of Haida on the municipality homepage of Röderland. (No longer available online.) Röderland municipality, archived from the original on March 8, 2009 ; Retrieved October 10, 2010 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
53. ↑ ^{a b} statutes of the municipality of Röderland. (PDF) (No longer available online.) Municipality of Röderland, formerly in the original ; Retrieved August 25, 2009 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.    
54. ↑ Listing of the mayor of the Röderland community on the community website. Röderland municipality, archived from the original on March 11, 2013 ; Retrieved October 10, 2010 . 
55. ↑ List of the local councils of the Röderland community on the community website. (No longer available online.) Röderland community, archived from the original on September 14, 2010 ; Retrieved October 10, 2010 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
56. ^ M. Karl Fitzkow: The older seals of our cities and villages . In: Working groups of the friends of nature and home of the German cultural association Bad Liebenwerda district (Hrsg.): Home calendar for the Bad Liebenwerda district . Bad Liebenwerda 1962, p. 95 to 102 .
57. ↑ Mona Claus: People like to celebrate together here . In: Lausitzer Rundschau , October 1, 2005
58. ↑ Homepage of the "Ferienparadies Waldidylle" in Haida
59. ↑ The Black Elster Cycle Path on magicmaps
60. ↑ Camping site Waldbad Zeischa at www.campingland-brandenburg.de ( Memento of the original from 23 August 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed September 26, 2010 
61. ↑ Homepage of the campsite Waldbad Zeischa , accessed on September 26, 2010
62. ^ Rudolf Matthies: The sparkling piece of gold . In: Home calendar for the Bad Liebenwerda district and the Mückenberger Ländchen . Bad Liebenwerda 1994, p. 216 .
63. ↑ The Haida industrial park on the Röderland municipality's homepage ( Memento of the original from August 3, 2012 in the archive.today web archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (accessed on October 9, 2010)  
64. ↑ Internet presence of STABAU GmbH ( Memento of the original dated November 2, 2004 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , (accessed October 10, 2010) 
65. ↑ Change of station names of the Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft in 1935 on a private homepage , accessed on October 16, 2010
66. ^ Ineswalk: Medieval castles and mansions in the Elbe-Elster area and in northern Upper Lusatia . In: Messages of the State Association of Saxon Homeland Protection eV No. 1 , 1995, p. 30 .
67. ↑ Homepage of Wolff & Müller Haida ( Memento of the original from July 12, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
68. ↑ Gabi Böttcher: Quartz sand from Haida is good for cola . In: Lausitzer Rundschau , April 8, 2010
69. ↑ Wolfgang Eckelmann, Michael Ziehlke: chronicle of the city Liebenwerda . Ed .: Association for City Marketing and Economy Bad Liebenwerda e. V. Winklerdruck Gräfenhainichen, Bad Liebenwerda 2007, p. 141/142 .
70. ^ Felix Hoffmann: 80 years of forest tree nurseries in the Liebenwerda district . In: Home calendar for the Liebenwerda district , 1956, pp. 101/102.
71. ↑ Homepage of the forest tree nursery "Grüne Tanne" Haida GmbH , accessed on October 10, 2010.
72. ^ Artur Wolf: The forest plant cultivation in Elsterwerda . In: Festival committee at the Elsterwerda City Council (Hrsg.): 750 Years Elsterwerda 1211–1961 . Elsterwerda 1961, p. 40 to 41 (Festschrift of the city of Elsterwerda on the occasion of its 750th anniversary).
73. ↑ The history of our elementary school - why we are Friedrich Starke! (No longer available online.) Friedrich-Starke-Grundschule Elsterwerda, archived from the original on February 7, 2015 ; accessed on March 14, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
74. ↑ School catchment area of ​​the municipality of Röderland. (PDF) (No longer available online.) Municipality of Röderland, formerly in the original ; Retrieved September 2, 2009 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.    
75. ↑ Internet presence of the Oberschule Prösen. Retrieved June 17, 2009 . 
76. ↑ Information on the “Sonnenschein” daycare center on the Röderland community website ( memento from June 2, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) (accessed October 10, 2010)
77. ↑ “The Sunshine Daycare Center from Haida introduces itself.” In “Gemeindeanzeiger für die Gemeinde Röderland”, No. 11/2009, p. 7, gemeinde-roederland.de  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF)  
78. ↑ Educational institutions of the municipality of Röderland ( Memento from June 2, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
79. ^ Subpage to the official gazette and the community gazette on the homepage of the community Röderland. Röderland municipality, archived from the original on July 28, 2013 ; Retrieved September 25, 2009 . 
80. ^ M. Karl Fitzkow : In Memoriam Felix Hoffmann . In: Home calendar for the Bad Liebenwerda district . tape 1969/70 , pp. 5 .
81. ^ Heinz Kettmann: Rudolf Matthies 1909–1996. In: Home calendar for the old district of Bad Liebenwerda, the Mückenberger Ländchen, outskirts on Schraden and Uebigau-Falkenberg . Ed .: Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Heimatkunde e. V. Bad Liebenwerda. Bad Liebenwerda 1997, p. 252-253 .

This article was added to the list of excellent articles on December 20, 2010 in this version .