Patones

Parish of Patones
Patones - town center with San José church
coat of arms	Map of Spain
Basic data
Autonomous Community :	Madrid
Province :	Madrid
Comarca :	Sierra Norte
Coordinates	40 ° 51 ′  N , 3 ° 29 ′  W Coordinates: 40 ° 51 ′  N , 3 ° 29 ′  W
Height :	835  msnm
Area :	34.47 km²
Residents :	541 (Jan. 1, 2019)
Population density :	15.69 inhabitants / km²
Postal code :	28189
Municipality number  ( INE ):	28107
administration
Website :	Patones

Patones is of two districts (Patones de Arriba and Patones de Abajo) existing municipality ( municipio ) with a total of 541 inhabitants (at January 1, 2019) in the Autonomous Community of Madrid in central Spain . Since 1999, the historic city center has been recognized as a national cultural asset ( Bien de Interés Cultural ) in the Conjunto histórico-artístico category .

Location and climate

The place Patones is located on the southern slope of the Sierra de Guadarrama in the headwaters of a short stream that flows into the Río Jarama about 68 km (driving distance) northeast of the city of Madrid and only 6 km northeast of the neighboring town of Torrelaguna, which is also worth seeing, at an altitude of about 720 to 835  m . The climate is harsh in winter, but temperate to warm in summer; Rain (approx. 435 mm / year) falls over the year.

Population development

year	1857	1900	1950	2000	2017
Residents	1,234	289	348	352	553

The population surge at the beginning of the 21st century is due to the restoration of the old town center and the construction of new apartments.

Economy and Infrastructure

For centuries the community was oriented towards agriculture; people lived as self-sufficient . Day tourism has played an increasingly important role since the 1970s.

history

In a cave (Cueva del Reguerillo) located approx. 5 km northeast of the village, prehistoric rock paintings were discovered. From Celtiberian time, the foundations date a fortress of Carpetani . Roman or late antique traces have not yet been found. In the 8th century the region was overrun by the Arab-Moorish armies ( al-Andalus ) . In 1085 the Leonese-Castilian king Alfonso VI conquered . the area back for the Christians ( reconquista ) and annexed it to the Archdiocese of Toledo . The place Patones is mentioned for the first time in the 16th century and was closely connected with the city of Uceda , only about 5 km away, until the 18th century . The new place Patones de Abajo was only created in the 20th century.

Attractions

Ermita de la Virgen de la Oliva

• The historic center of Patones de Arriba with the San José Church, built in 1653 and renovated around 100 years later , was possibly built in the 14th or 15th century. At that time, all houses were built from small, almost black slate stones (pizarras) without a mortar bond ( arquitectura negra ) . The place was almost deserted by its residents around the middle of the 20th century and was only restored and revived in the last few decades.

Surroundings

• The ruins of the Ermita de la Virgen de la Oliva , located about 4 km east of the village, have Romanesque - Mudejar features and probably date from the 12th / 13th centuries. Century.
• In the 19th century the Canal de Isabella II was built in the vicinity of the town ; In this context, several hydraulic structures were built in the municipality, including the Pontón de la Oliva , the Canal de Cabarrús and others

Web links

Commons : Patones  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Patones, architecture - photos + information (Spanish)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Cifras oficiales de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal a 1 de enero . Population statistics from the Instituto Nacional de Estadística (population update).
2. ↑ Patones - Bien de Interés Cultural ( Memento of the original from September 24, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
3. ↑ Patones - Congregation
4. ↑ Patones - climate tables
5. ↑ Patones - population development
6. ↑ Patones - History
7. ↑ Patones - Ermita