Aranjuez

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Aranjuez
coat of arms Map of Spain
Aranjuez coat of arms
Aranjuez (Spain)
Finland road sign 311 (1994-2020) .svg
Basic data
Autonomous Community : Madrid
Province : Madrid
Coordinates 40 ° 2 ′  N , 3 ° 36 ′  W Coordinates: 40 ° 2 ′  N , 3 ° 36 ′  W
Height : 494  msnm
Area : 189.1 km²
Residents : 59,607 (Jan 1, 2019)
Population density : 315.21 inhabitants / km²
Postal code : 28300, 28312 ( Las Infantas )
Municipality number  ( INE ): 28013
administration
Website : www.aranjuez.es
Location of the city
Aranjuez (Madrid) mapa.svg

Aranjuez is a city in the Community of Madrid in Spain . It is located around 50 km south of Madrid on the south bank of the Tagus . The Jarama flows past the city to the north and flows into the Tagus two kilometers west of it. The inhabitants are called Ribereños or arancetanos .

The city consists of the following neighborhoods: Centro (downtown), Vergel , Olivas , Aves , Nuevo Aranjuez ("New Aranjuez"), Foso , Moreras and La Montaña ("The Mountains").

Aranjuez has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2001 .

history

During the Reconquista, the landscape on the Tagus belonged to the dominion of Santiagoorden , which built a small hunting lodge in Aranjuez, which at that time consisted of a few houses. The Catholic Kings ( Isabella I and Ferdinand II ) strove to end the power of the order. Ferdinand II succeeded in 1493 from Pope Alexander VI. to be appointed as administrator of the order. After his death in 1516, Charles V succeeded him in administration. He made Aranjuez royal property . He began to expand the small castle and its park and built the first bridge over the Tagus.

Philip II declared Aranjuez a royal summer residence in 1560 (real sitio) . He had the Palacio Real built as a residence befitting his status, an artificial arm of the Tagus built directly past the palace and a palace park laid out on the island created by it. The famous beginning of the drama Don Karlos von Schiller alludes to this: “The beautiful days in Aranjuez are now over.” The area was reserved exclusively for the court and its servants. The access via avenues and the Tajo Bridge were controlled. It was not until 1656 that the Puente de Barcas was the first bridge to be created for the general public.

Under the Bourbon kings, beginning with Philip V , the palace and palace gardens were expanded and redesigned in the baroque style. For the first time, the settlement of court servants was also allowed. From the middle of the 18th century the settlement of the general public was allowed. To this end, urban planning was created that still shapes the city center today.

In Aranjuez a treaty was signed between France and Spain on April 12, 1772 , in which Spain promised to assist the other side of the treaty against Great Britain .

On March 18, 1808, the Spanish Revolution broke out in the city , overthrowing the Prince of Peace Godoy and forcing King Charles IV to abdicate . After all, the Central Junta met here on September 25 of the same year .

On the night of May 2 to 3, 2018, the Palacio de Osuna de Aranjuez, built in 1761, burned down.

Culture

Attractions

Aranjuez is located in a beautiful, wooded valley. The old town has a regular architecture that is reminiscent of the Dutch style.

The largest and most famous sight in the city is the Palace of Aranjuez , built by Pedro Caro in 1727 , the former summer residence of the Spanish kings. The palace is surrounded by extensive gardens with magnificent groups of trees, hardwood stands and meadows.

Traditions

In summer it is common to visit the day trip restaurants on the Tagus. These places are called gangos in Aranjuez (and only there) .

gastronomy

The typical dishes, such as B. Asparagus omelets are often very expensive.

City festivals, fairs and festivals

In May the craft fair "Alfaranjuez" takes place, as well as a folk music festival. A used car fair is also held in May.

Every year on May 30th there is the city festival in honor of Ferdinand III. , the patron saint of the city of Aranjuez.

The “Early Music Festival” takes place in Aranjuez between May and June.

You can visit the book fair in June. In September there is a special fair for old and used books.

In the first week of September there are celebrations to commemorate the “Mutiny of Aranjuez”, declared “of national tourist interest” (Fiestas de Interés Turístico Nacional) .

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

Personalities who worked in Aranjuez

See also

Web links

Commons : Aranjuez  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Cifras oficiales de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal a 1 de enero . Population statistics from the Instituto Nacional de Estadística (population update).
  2. ^ Aranjuez Cultural Landscape. Decision of the World Heritage Committee (PDF; 41.4 MB)
  3. a b c Historia y Datos de la Ciudad on the Aranjuez website
  4. Puente de Barcas on aranjuezhistoriagrafica.com
  5. El Confidencial: Un incendio calcina el Palacio de Osuna de Aranjuez, donde vivió el 'castrato' Farinelli , accessed on May 3, 2018