21 e régiment d'infantry

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Régiment de Vaubécourt
Régiment de Guyenne
21 e regiment d'infanterie

Insigne du 21e regiment d'infanterie..jpg

Internal association badge (1st version)
active 1610 to 1963
Country Blason France modern.svg France
Armed forces Flag of France.svg French armed forces
Armed forces Flag of France.svg Armée française de terre
Branch of service infantry
Type Regiment d'infanterie mechanisée
Location Langres
Patron saint Saint Maurice
motto Je passe quand même
Awards Fourragere in the colors of the Médaille militaire
Croix de guerre 1914–1918 with four palm branches
Gold medal of the city of Milan

The 21 e régiment d'infanterie was an infantry regiment of the French army established in 1610 as the Régiment de Vaubécourt . Until it was standardized by the numbering created during the revolution, it had individual names - most recently the name of the province of Guyenne .

List and renaming in chronological order

  • A Régiment de Vaubécourt was set up in 1589 (during the reign of Henry IV ) by Henri de Nettancourt, comte de Vaubécourt in the Duchy of Lorraine . On April 24, 1610, this regiment entered the service of the French king.

Between 1616 and 1635, some new regiments were transferred to permanent (perpetual) status. These were the so-called "Petits vieux", the "little old ones". They were:

Regiment de Bourbonnais ,
Regiment de Bèarn ,
Regiment d'Auvergne ,
Regiment de Flandre ,
Régiment de Guyenne,
Régiment d'Artois .

In service: 1610 - 1661 becomes: Rég d'Espagne
Régiment d'Espagny - 1669 becomes: Rég de Bandeville
Régiment de Bandeville - 1677 becomes: Rég de Vaubecourt
Régiment de Vaubecourt - 1695 becomes: Rég de Nettancourt
Régiment de Nettancourt - 1704 becomes: Rég de Mailly
Régiment de Mailly - 1708 becomes: Rég de Beuil
Régiment de Beuil - 1713 becomes Rég de Boufflers
Régiment de Boufflers - 1718 becomes: Rég de Pons
Régiment de Pons - 1735 becomes: Rég de Marsan
Régiment de Marsan - 1743 becomes: Rég de Bouzols
Régiment de Bouzols - 1745 becomes: Rég de Mailly
Régiment de Mailly - 1758 becomes: Rég de Talaru
Régiment de Talaru - 1761 becomes: Rég de Chastellux
Régiment de Chastellux - 1763 to: Rég de Guyenne

  • January 1, 1791 : The Régiment de Guyenne was renamed 21 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne (ci-devant Guyenne) .
  • 1793 : The Premier amalgams the regiment association was dissolved and the two battalions than 1 he bataillon "ex Guyenne 'to 41 e demi-brigade de Bataille and 2 e bataillon" ex Guyenne' to 42 e demi-brigade de Bataille off. This ends the regimental association and the line of tradition
  • 1803 : Renaming of the "21 e demi-brigade d'infanterie de ligne" to 21 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne (de facto continuation of the regiment tradition). It was not until 1803 that the demi-brigades were referred to as regiments again. The new "21 e régiment d'infanterie" had nothing to do with that of 1791, even if the French army did not break the line of tradition because the regiment number was given preference in the vast majority of cases.
  • 1816 : During the restoration , it was renamed: Légion d'Ille et Vilaine .
  • 1824 : Renamed to: 21 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne
  • 1882 : Renamed to: 21 e régiment d'infanterie .
  • 1914 : During the mobilization it set up its reserve regiment , the "221 e régiment d'infanterie"
  • 1919 : In December the 3rd battalion of the disbanded "164 e régiment d'infanterie" was incorporated
  • 1940 : dissolution.
  • 1944 : Re-established as "21 e régiment d'infanterie".
  • 1945 : Conversion to "21 e régiment d'infanterie aéroporté".
  • 1946 : dissolution.
  • 1956 : re-established as "21 e régiment d'infanterie".
  • 1959 : The "8 e bataillon de Zouaves" was formed from the 3rd battalion
  • 1963 : dissolution.

Flags and uniforms of the ancien regime

  • Rég Vaubecourt and all subsequent associations up to Régt Guyenne

  • Rég Pons 1720

  • Rég Marsan 1734

  • Rég Guyenne 1762

  • Rég Guyenne 1776-1779

  • Rég Guyenne 1779-1791

Mestres de camp / Colonels

Mestre de camp was from 1569 to 1661 and from 1730 to 1780 the denomination of rank for the regiment holder and / or for the officer in charge of the regiment. The name "Colonel" was used from 1721 to 1730, from 1791 to 1793 and from 1803 onwards.

After 1791 there were no more regimental owners.

Should the Mestre de camp / Colonel be a person of the high nobility who had no interest in leading the regiment (such as the king or queen), the command was given to the "Mestre de camp lieutenant" (or “Mestre de camp en second”) or the “Colonel-lieutenant” or “Colonel en second”.

I. II. III.
  • 1805: Pierre Decouz
  • 1809: Jean-Jacques Ducrest
  • 1812: François Marie Cyprien Teullé
  • 1813: Louis Guignard
  • 1814: Jean Nicolas Carré
  • 1815: Ledoux
  • 1815: Picot de Peccadeux
  • 1821: Chevalier Bérard de Gouttefrey
  • 1830: Lefol
  • 1831: François
  • 1839: Louis Jacques Lebouterel
  • 1848: de Baillou
  • 1852: Martial Louis Avron
  • 1854: Auguste Henri Lefèvre
  • 1859: de Fontanges de Couzan
  • 1862: Boyer
  • 1867: Morand
  • 1871: Louis Auguste Gaday
  • 1876: Prudhomme
  • 1882: Buffenoir
  • 1888: Rosenwald
  • 1894: Michel
  • 1894: Delrieu
  • 1914: Colonel Frisch
  • 1914: Commandant Faivre
  • 1914: Commandant Gentelet
  • 1914: Lieutenant-Colonel Lecoanet
  • 1916: Commandant Sermage
  • 1916: Lieutenant-colonel de Riencourt
  • 1917: Lieutenant-colonel Lardant
  • 1918: Lieutenant-Colonel Weiller
  • 1939: Lieutenant-Colonel Lambert
  • 1959–1960–1961–1962 (Algeria): Colonels Frison, Brunet, Louisot, Cosson.

Mission history

Ancien Régime

The "Régiment de Vaubécourt" was used in all wars of the monarchy.

Franco-Spanish War (1635-1659)

Dutch War

During the Dutch War , it took part in the campaign of Maréchal Turenne in Alsace in 1675 under the name "Régiment de Bandeville" . In the battle of Türkheim it forced the enemy to retreat across the Rhine .

War of the Polish Succession

Seven Years War

Wars of the French Revolution and the Empire

→ French Revolution
→ Empire

Premier amalgams

1815-1848

Second Empire

→ Second Empire

  • 1854-1856 :
Crimean War - Siege of Sevastopol
  • 1859 :
Sardinian War - Battle of Solferino

On August 1, 1870, the “21st e régiment d'infanterie” was assigned to the “ Armée du Rhin ” (Rhine Army).

Together with the "17 e bataillon de chasseurs" (17th Jägerbataillon) under du Commandant Merchier and the 3 e régiment d'infanterie under Colonel Champion, it formed the "1 e brigade" under the command of Général Nicolaï. The 1st and 2nd Brigade, together with 2 batteries of four guns each and a battery of mitrailleuses , and a pioneer company formed the "1 e division d'infanterie" (1st Infantry Division) commanded by the General de Division Conseil-Dumesnil. The division, in turn, belonged to the "7 e corps d'armée" (7th Army Corps), entrusted with the leadership and commanded by the Général de division Félix Douay .

  • 4th August 1870 : in Kolmar  ;
  • August 5, 1870 : the 1st Division moved to Elsasshausen;
  • August 6, 1870 : Battle of Wörth .
  • 7th to 18th August 1870 : retreat to Châlons .
from August 17th the 7th Corps was assigned to the «Armée de Châlons»

1871-1914

Between 1871 and 1914 the regiment was stationed in Langres , its traditional garrison.

First World War

Throughout the First World War , the regiment was part of the "13 e division d'infanterie"

Formation of the reserve regiment , the 221 e régiment d'infanterie

1914

1915

  • January : Fights in the Artois near - Vermelles - Fosse Calonne.
  • February / March : rest in Hersin-Coupigny - (Artois).
  • April / May : Position battles in the Bois de Bouvigny - Bois de la Faisanderie and at Notre-Dame-de-Lorette.
  • May / June : Offensive of May 9th ( Loretto Battle )
  • July / August : Fights at Notre-Dame-de-Lorette - then rest in Bailleul-les-Pernes.
  • August / October : Third battle in Artois - battles near Notre-Dame-de-Lorette - Souchez and in the Bois de Givenchy
  • October / November : rest in Verchin.
  • November / December : positional battles in the Artois - Bois en Hache section, Givenchy-en-Gohelle - then rest in Bermicourt ( Pas-de-Calais department ).

1916

  • January : Rest in Bermicourt
  • Training at the Camp de Saint-Riquier (Région Abbeville )
  • March : Battle of Verdun : Fights in the Bois d'Hardaumont and the Bois du Thillat.
  • April : rest in Juvigny-sur-Marne.
  • April to July : Trench warfare in Champagne near Savate and Tahure.
  • July / September : Battle of the Somme - fighting at Estrées-Déniécourt and in the Bois Soyécourt.
  • October / November : rest in Juvignies
  • November / December : fighting in the Ablaincourt section and near the Génermont sugar factory.
  • December : In Camp de Villersexel , work assignment in the Dannemarie section .

1917

  • January to March : Work assignment in the Dannemarie section.
  • May to August : Battle of the Chemin des Dames , fighting in the Moulin de Laffaux, la Malmaison, Ferme de Mennejean section.
  • August to October : Training in the Montgobert region, Vivières.
  • October / November : Battle of Malmaison , fighting near Vaudesson, the Ferme de Rosay, and in the valley of the Ailette .
  • November / December : rest in the Faremoutiers region .
  • December : Work assignment at the Swiss border , at Delle and Pfetterhouse - then rest in Villersexel.

1918

  • January to May : Trench warfare in the Vosges, in the Fecht Valley , near Metzeral and Sondernach .
  • May to June : Third battle on the Aisne : fighting at Ville-en-Tardenois, Jonchery-sur-Vesle , in the Vesle valley and at Breuil - crossing over the Marne at Damery and Reuil.
  • June to August : Defensive battles in Champagne - north of Suippes and in the Bois du Cameroun
  • August / September : rest in Vésigneul-sur-Marne and Omey.
  • September : Position battles in Champagne at le trou Bricot and Somme-Suippe.
  • September / October : Aggressive fighting in Champagne - Somme-Suippe and Heights of Orfeuil - (Orfeuil-Liry road).
  • October : rest in the Sainte-Menehould region .
  • October / November : at Cernay-les-Reims
  • November : Pursuit battles in the Ardennes near Saint-Fergeux, Wassigny , Belval and west of Charleville-Mézières .

Interwar period

The 21 e RI took part in the Victory Parade in Paris on July 14, 1919 . It marched under the Arc de Triomphe with the decorated regimental flag .

After the regiment had been used by the occupying forces in the Rhineland for a time, it returned to its pre-war Langres garrison . Part of the unit was stationed in Chaumont .

Second World War

When war was declared, the regiment was under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Lambert and was part of the 13th division d'infanterie, which was deployed to protect the southernmost part of the Maginot Line . It was planned to join forces with the Swiss army in the event that Switzerland's neutrality should be violated.

After the attack of the German troops through Belgium, the regiment was moved north and fought on May 27, 1940 on the Somme near Amiens . Until June 7th, it withstood strong enemy attacks, carried out with superior personnel and material.

Then began the retreat into the interior of France, in which four attempts were made to stop the advance of the Germans. (Fighting at Poix on June 8th, Battle of the Oise from June 10th to 12th, fighting at the Orge from June 13th to 15th, fighting in defense of the Loire line on June 17th.)

On August 7, 1940, the 21 e RI was dissolved. It had lost more than 600 men and almost all material during the fighting.

In March 1945 the FFI set up a new "21 e RI" in the west , which was used to fight the German resistance head of Saint-Nazaire . At that time it was called "21 e régiment d'infanterie aéroporté" (21 e RIAP - 21st Air Mobile Infantry Regiment).

After the end of the Second World War, the regiment was disbanded again in November 1945.

After 1945

The tradition of the "21 e régiment d'infanterie" was entrusted to the military training area command of "Camp de Canjuers".

In May 1956, the regiment in Strasbourg was reorganized so that it could be assigned immediately to Algeria, where the situation during the war of independence had developed to the disadvantage of the French. Landed in Oran in June , it was stationed in the Sidi Bel Abbés region , the PC (Poste commandement - seat of the regimental staff) was in Le Télagh.

In 1957 the regiment was distributed as follows: PC and CCS (CCS - Compagnie de commandement et soutien - staff and supply company) in Le Télagh. - PC of the 1st battalion in Bossuet (today Dhaya) then in Bedeau (today Ras Elma) - PC of the 2nd battalion in Zegla - PC of the 3rd battalion in Slissen.

on June 1, 1959, the 3rd battalion was converted into the "8 e bataillon de Zouaves". The regiment was initially reduced to 11, then to eight companies.

The sector to be monitored by the regiment had a size of about 8,000 square kilometers and corresponded almost exactly to the "Arrondissement du Télagh". In addition to their garrisons, the sub-units also occupied other places, from El Gor in the west to Taoutmout in the east over a distance of a hundred kilometers, as well as posts in "Guet El Beida", "Krechba", "Oued Sebaa", "Tefessour" and , at the southernmost, “El Hammam” and “Marhoum”. Here the CP (Compagnie Portée - reaction force) was in action, equipped with jeeps and trucks, to secure a huge zone with desert-like high plateaus, which extends south to the "Chott Ech Chergui".

At the end of 1962 the whole regiment was transferred to Oran , with the exception of the regimental staff, which was first in "Aïn Tessa", then in "Bou Tlélis", as well as in "Sidi Bakhti" and "M 'Sabiah". In 1962 the staff was also transferred back to Oran, where the regiment was used to maintain peace and order during the time of the OAS attacks .

After the Treaty of Évian and the Armistice were signed in 1963, the regiment was disbanded.

Last regimental flag used

21e regiment d'infanterie de ligne - drapeau.svg

On the back of the regimental flag (since Napoleonic times) the campaigns and battles in which the regiment took part are listed in gold letters.

Awards

The flag ribbon is decorated with the Croix de guerre 1914–1918 with four palm branches and the gold medal of the city of Milan.

The regiment has the right to wear the Fourragère in the colors of the Médaille militaire .

  • Croix de guerre 1914-1918

  • Gold Medal of the City of Milan

Motto

Je passe quand même
(I go on anyway)

literature

  • Ministère de la Guerre, Historiques des Corps de Troupe de l'armée française 1569–1900. Berger-Levrault & Cie Éditeurs, Paris 1900, 782 pp.
  • Andolenko (Général), recueils d'historiques de l'infanterie française. 2nd Edition. Eurimprim éditeurs, Paris 1969, Imprimerie de Clairvivre Dordogne, 413 pp.
  • Yvick Herniou, Eric Labayle: Répertoire des corps de troupe de l'armée française pendant la grande guerre. Tome 2, Chasseurs à pied, alpins et cyclistes, Unités d'active de réserve et de territoriale, Éditions Claude Bonnaud, Château-Thierry, 2007, 446 pp., ISBN 978-2-9519001-1-0 .
  • Historique sommaire du 21e regiment d'infanterie au cours de la Guerre 1914–1918. Imprimerie Moderne, Langres, 1920, 58 pp.
  • Commandant Rousset: Histoire générale de la guerre franco-allemande (1870–1871). Librairie Illustrée Paris.

Web links

Commons : Flags of the 21st Regiment d'infanterie  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Footnotes

  1. ↑ "petits vieux"
  2. ↑ which had nothing to do with the former 21 e regiment d'infanterie
  3. ↑ 21st Airborne Infantry Regiment
  4. ↑ Seriously wounded in the fighting in the forest of "la Chatte Pendue" near Laine in the Bas-Rhin department
  5. ^ Fallen in September 1914 in the Bois Sabot.
  6. ↑ Seriously wounded on March 9, 1916 in the fighting in the Hardaumont forest.
  7. ↑ Poix-de-Picardie is a municipality in the Somme department (Région Picardie)
  8. ↑ Small river in the Yvelines and Essonne departments
  9. ↑ «  Décision n ° 12350 / SGA / DPMA / SHD / DAT du 14 September 2007 relative aux inscriptions de noms de batailles sur les drapeaux et étendards des corps de troupe de l'armée de terre, du service de santé des armées et du service des essences des armées, Bulletin officiel des armées, n ° 27, 9 November 2007  »(German:“ Provision n ° 12350 / SGA / DPMA / SHD / DAT of September 14, 2007 on the appearance of the inscriptions on the flags and standards of the Troops of the army, the medical service and the fuel supply branch. Published with the official army bulletin No. 27 of November 9, 2007 ")
  10. ↑ "  Arrêté relatif à l'attribution de l'inscription AFN 1952–1962 sur les drapeaux et étendards des formations des armées et services, du 19 novembre 2004 (A) NORDEF0452926A Michèle Alliot-Marie  " (German: "Order AFN 1952–1962 on the assignment of the inscriptions on the flags and standards of the formations of the army and the services of November 19, 2004 (A) NORDEF0452926A Michèle Alliot-Marie ")
  11. ↑ This also applies to units that have already been disbanded, as they can (theoretically) be put back into active service at any time