Stavropol
city
Stavropol
Ставрополь
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
List of cities in Russia |
Stavropol ( Russian Ста́врополь , from Greek stavros , cross, and polis , city), from 1935 to 1943 Voroshilovsk (Russian Вороши́ловск ), is a city in Russia in the North Caucasus federal district with 398,539 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010). Stavropol is the capital of the Stavropol Territory .
geography
Stavropol is nestled between hills and valleys on the foothills of the North Caucasus. The city is at the 45th parallel , which corresponds to that of Milan or Lyon.
history
The city was founded in 1777 as one of ten fortresses to guard the southern borders of the Russian Empire . The city name goes back to a custom of the time to give new cities in Russia Greek names (cf. Sevastopol , Mariupol ). The name "Stavropol" means city of the cross. The origin of this name is a legend that says that when the fortress was being built, a large stone cross was discovered in the ground. In 1785 the place received city status, in 1847 it became the provincial capital. Due to its location on a post route from the European part of Russia to the Caucasus and its importance as a military base, the city developed relatively quickly economically. At the end of the 19th century, Stavropol received a railway connection .
The city changed sides several times during the Russian Civil War and was finally captured by the Red Army in January 1920 . In 1935, the city was named in honor of Marshal Voroshilov in Woroschilowsk renamed, however, received eight years later to its original name.
From August 1942 to January 1943, the city was occupied by German troops during World War II . Before that, around 100,000 residents had fled, so that the city only had a few ten thousand inhabitants when the Germans invaded. Many houses were destroyed by fighting in January 1943, and many more were set on fire by the Wehrmacht as they retreated. In the spring and summer of 1943, many residents returned to the city.
population
The approximately 400,000 people of Stavropol's population are almost 89% Russians . There is also a significant Armenian minority (4.5%) in the city , as well as several thousand Ukrainians , Azerbaijanis , Greeks , Karachay , Lesgians and Tatars .
Population development
year | Residents |
---|---|
1897 | 41,590 |
1939 | 85.251 |
1959 | 141.023 |
1970 | 198.251 |
1979 | 258.233 |
1989 | 318,298 |
2002 | 354,867 |
2010 | 398,539 |
2017 | 433,577 |
Note: census data
sons and daughters of the town
- Mikhail Timonov (1863–1931), major general
- Dmitri Khodkewitsch (1865–1941), major general
- Alexander Dinnik (1876–1950), engineering scientist
- Oleksandr Hruschewskyj (1877–1943), Soviet-Ukrainian historian, literary historian and literary critic, ethnographer and journalist
- Mikhail Myasnikov (1893–1974), major general
- Michail Sjusjumow (1893–1982), historian
- Rimma Iwanowa (1894–1915), nurse and holder of the Order of St. George
- Aleksander Słuczanowski (1900–1942), Polish ice hockey player
- Fyodor Sosulja (1907–1964), Admiral
- Dmitri Oskin (1919–2004), Lieutenant General in the Air Force and Hero of the Soviet Union
- Yuri Potapov (1925–2005), Colonel General
- Boris Tschesnokow (1928–2005), geologist, mineralogist and university professor
- Arnold Reitsakas (1933–2000), Estonian computer pioneer and computer scientist
- Oleg Zinchenko (1935–2007), Lieutenant General
- Valeri Postnikow (1945–2016), ice hockey goalkeeper and coach
- Sergei Karpov (* 1948), historian
- Juri Bunkow (* 1950), experimental solid-state physicist
- Michail Umansky (1952–2010), German-Russian chess master and 13th world chess champion
- Irina Wirganskaja (* 1957), daughter of Mikhail Gorbachev , Vice-President of the Gorbachev Foundation
- Alexei Schipenko (* 1961), writer, musician and actor
- Andrei Akischin (1963-2016), handball player and coach
- Dmitri Kusmin (* 1966), Russian and European politician
- Sergei Schmatko (* 1966), politician and entrepreneur
- Alexei Drejew (* 1969), chess player
- Lev Gorn (* 1971), Russian-American actor, photographer and artist
- Anna Archipowa (* 1973), basketball player
- Igor Lavrov (* 1973), handball player
- Sergei Sokolov (* 1977), Azerbaijani football player
- Konstantin Igropulo (* 1985), handball player
- Lyubov Lopatina (* 1985), boxer
- Marija Abakumowa (* 1986), javelin thrower
- Yevgenia Kozelnikova (* 1986), triathlete
- Anna Bulgakova (* 1988), track and field athlete
- Renat Saidow (* 1988), judoka
- Svetlana Tsys (* 1989), German model of Russian origin
- Yevgeny Kuznetsov (* 1990), diver
- Dmitri Polos (* 1991), football player
- Svetlana Kosova (* 1992), boxer
- Ilya Kutepov (* 1993), football player
- Matwei Safonow (* 1999), soccer goalkeeper
Sports
In football, the city is represented by the Dynamo Stavropol club .
Town twinning
Stavropol lists the following twelve partner cities :
city | country | since |
---|---|---|
Beziers | Occitania, France | 1982 |
Changzhou | Jiangsu, People's Republic of China | 2014 |
Des Moines | Iowa, United States | 1992 |
Elista | Southern District, Russia | 2014 |
Feodosia | / Autonomous Republic of Crimea | 2002 |
Yerevan | Armenia | 2013 |
Makhachkala | North Caucasus, Russia | 2011 |
Omsk | Siberia, Russia | 2013 |
Pazardzhik | Bulgaria | 1969 |
Southeast Administrative District | Moscow, Russia | 2010 |
Vladikavkaz | North Caucasus, Russia | 2015 |
Zhenjiang | Jiangsu, People's Republic of China | 2012 |
Climate table
Stavropol | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Climate diagram | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Stavropol
Source: Roshydromet
|
Individual evidence
- ↑ МЭСБЕ / Ставрополь-Кавказский
- ↑ a b Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
- ↑ Тимонов Михаил Иванович , grwar.ru (Russian)
- ↑ Ходкевич Дмитрий Иванович , grwar.ru (Russian)
- ↑ Мясников Михаил Акимович (1893-1974) , biografiaru.wordpress.com
- ↑ Miasnikov, Mikhail Akimovich , generals.dk
- ↑ Фёдор Владимирович Зозуля , novodevichye.com (Russian)
- ↑ Оськин Дмитрий Павлович , warheroes.ru (Russian)
- ↑ Потапов Юрий Михайлович , eurasian-defence.ru (Russian)
- ↑ Потапов Юрий Михайлович , veterangabtu.ru (Russian)
- ↑ О.В. Зинченко , old.redstar.ru (Russian)
- ↑ Акишин Андрей Анатольевич , sport-strana.ru (Russian)
- ↑ Anna Arkhipova in the database of Sports-Reference (English)
- ↑ Лопатина Любовь Ивановна , infosport.ru (Russian)
- ↑ Anna Bulgakova in the database of Sports-Reference (English)
- ↑ Renat Saidov in the database of Sports-Reference (English)
- ↑ Косова Светлана Анатольевна , infosport.ru (Russian)
- ↑ Intermunicipal Cooperation. Retrieved June 19, 2019 .
Web links
- Homepage of the city of Stavropol
- Unofficial German-language webpage of the city of Stavropol
- Stavropol on mojgorod.ru (Russian)
- Photos from Stavropol (Russian)