Sea lavender

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Sea lavender
Winged sea lavender (Limonium sinuatum)

Winged sea lavender ( Limonium sinuatum )

Systematics
Eudicotyledons
Nuclear eudicotyledons
Order : Clove-like (Caryophyllales)
Family : Leadwort family (Plumbaginaceae)
Subfamily : Staticoideae
Genre : Sea lavender
Scientific name
Limonium
Mill.

The beach Lilac ( Limonium ), also sea lavender called or resisting shock, are a genus within the family of plumbaginaceae (Plumbaginaceae). The 300 to 350 species are distributed almost worldwide.

description

Illustration of the common sea ​​lavender ( Limonium vulgare Mill.) From Amédée Masclef: Atlas des plantes de France , 1891
Section of an inflorescence of the winged sea lavender ( Limonium sinuatum )

Appearance and leaves

In Limonium TYPES this is mostly to perennial , rarely annual , herbaceous plants , rarely are subshrubs with stature heights of 10 to 70 centimeters. They form tap roots or rhizomes . The stem axis is often compressed.

The alternate leaves are often grouped in a basal rosette , less often they are distributed along the stem axis. The stalked or sessile leaves are simple to composite. The often dotted, mostly leathery leaf blades have a smooth or toothed leaf edge.

Inflorescences and flowers

On more or less long inflorescence shafts are the terminal, often branched, panicle or umbrella-panicle inflorescences , which in the upper area often form a flat plane, less often they are head -like or spike-like . The most short-stalked flowers each have three or four bracts and bracts . The edges of the bracts are usually wide-skinned.

The hermaphroditic flowers are radial symmetry and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five sepals are fused tubular or funnel-shaped. The five-ribbed calyx tube is hairy bald or downy and the base is straight or sloping. The dry-skinned calyx teeth are elongated to triangular, sometimes with smaller calyx teeth in between or the calyx teeth are more or less fused and only the calyx rim is jagged. The five long nailed petals are only fused at their base and the corolla tips are mostly spread out. The colors of the petals range from white to lavender and yellow. There is only one circle with five stamens . The stamens are fused with the base of the petals. The ovary is obovate with a pointed upper end. The five free, bald styluses each end in a linear, club-shaped to thread-shaped, papillary scar .

Fruits and seeds

The brownish-green, obovate-shaped fruits are usually covered by the durable calyx, often crowned by the withered crown and stylus base and contain only one seed.

Sets of chromosomes

The basic chromosome number is x = 8 or 9.

Locations

This article or the following section is not adequately provided with supporting documents ( e.g. individual evidence ). Information without sufficient evidence could be removed soon. Please help Wikipedia by researching the information and including good evidence.

Many limonium species are salt plants (halophytes) and are therefore often found on coasts. In Germany only the common sea lavender ( Limonium vulgare ) is found. One of the largest sea lavender "fields" is in the mudflats off Friedrichskoog -spitze on the North Sea.

Systematics and distribution

The genus Limonium was established in 1754 by Philip Miller in The Gardeners Dictionary ... Abridged ... , 4th Edition, Volume 2. The generic name Limonium Mill. Nom. cons. was preserved according to the rules of the ICBN (Vienna ICBN Art. 14.9 & App. III); it was statice limonium L. was a new type species vulgare Limonium Mill. replaced. A synonym for Limonium Mill. Is Plegorhiza Molina . The generic name Limonium is derived from the Greek word leimon for meadow and refers to the frequent locations of some species on salt marshes.

The genus Limonium belongs to the tribe Staticeae in the subfamily Staticoideae within the family Plumbaginaceae .

Limonium species have their distribution areas on all continents. Their center of diversity with over 100 species ranges from the Mediterranean to Central Asia .

There are in the genus sea lavender ( Limonium ) 120 to 350 species (selection):
Limonium arboreum inflorescence
Habit, leaves and inflorescences of the daisy-leaved sea lavender ( Limonium bellidifolium )
Limonium binervosum inflorescence
Habitus and inflorescence of Limonium bocconei
Habit, leaves and inflorescences of Limonium bourgeaui
Habit, leaves and inflorescences of Limonium brassicifolium
Habit, leaves and inflorescence of Limonium carolinianum
Section of an inflorescence of Limonium carthaginense
Habit, leaves and inflorescences of Limonium cossonianum
Habit, leaves and inflorescences of Limonium dendroides
Section of a Limonium echioides inflorescence
Habit, leaves and inflorescences of Limonium emarginatum
Habit and leaves of Limonium estevei
Habit of Limonium flagellare
Habit, leaves and inflorescences of the shrubby sea lavender ( Limonium fruticans )
Habit of Limonium furfuraceum
Section of an inflorescence with blossom of Limonium galilaeum
Inflorescence of the veil sea lavender ( Limonium gmelinii )
Limonium humile habit, leaves and inflorescence
Habit and inflorescences of Limonium insigne
Habit and leaves of the broad-leaved sea lavender ( Limonium latifolium )
Detail of an inflorescence of Limonium macrophyllum with flowers
Detail of an inflorescence of Limonium malacitanum with flowers
Limonium multiflorum inflorescence
Habit, leaves and inflorescences of Limonium ovalifolium
Section of an inflorescence of the comb-shaped sea lavender ( Limonium pectinatum )
Limonium perezii inflorescence
Habit of Limonium ramosissimum
Habit, leaves and inflorescence of Gomera sea lavender ( Limonium redivivum )
Section of an inflorescence of Limonium sareptanum
Habit, leaves and inflorescences of Limonium spectabile
Habit, leaves and inflorescences of Limonium sventenii
Habit and inflorescences of Limonium tuberculatum
Habit, leaves and inflorescences of the common sea lavender ( Limonium vulgare )

No longer belongs to the genus Limonium :

  • Beach lavender ( Myriolimon ferulaceum (L.) Lledó, Erben & MBCrespo , Syn .: Limonium ferulaceum (L.) Chaz. , Limonium ferulaceum (L.) Kuntze nom. Illeg., Myriolepis ferulacea (L.) Lledó, Erben & MBCrespo nom. Illeg., Statice ferulacea L. )

use

The varieties of some species (for example, Limonium brassicifolium , Limonium gmelinii , Limonium latifolia , Limonium minuatum , Limonium perezii , Limonium sinuatum ) are used as ornamental plants ; they are then often called Statice after their old botanical name in German. Some varieties are suitable as cut and dried flowers .

The leaves of Limonium ornatum and Limonium thouinii are eaten raw. Limonium tetragonum leaves are eaten cooked.

The medicinal effects of Limonium carolinianum and Limonium vulgare have been studied.

Limonium vulgare is said to be effective against moths . There are tannins from the roots of Limonium vulgare won.

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Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Gordon Cheers (Ed.): Botanica. The ABC of plants. 10,000 species in text and images . Könemann Verlagsgesellschaft, 2003, ISBN 3-8331-1600-5 (therein page 531).
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Alan R. Smith: Limonium - same text online as printed work , In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico , Volume 5 - Magnoliophyta: Caryophyllidae , part 2 , Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford, 2005, ISBN 0-19-522211-3 .
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Tse-Hsiang Pen, Rudolf V. Kamelin: Limonium , page 198 - online with the same text as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi & Peter H. Raven (Eds.): Flora of China , Volume 15 - Myrsinaceae through Loganiaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 1996, ISBN 0-915279-37-1 .
  4. ^ Limonium at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed December 7, 2013.
  5. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv fw fx fy fz ga gb gc gd ge gf gg gh gi gj gk gl gm gn go gp gq gr gs gt gu gv gw gx gy gz ha hb hc hd he hf hg hh hi hj hk hl hm hn ho hp hq hr hs ht hu hv hw hx hy hz ia ib ic id ie if ig ih ii ij ik il im in io ip iq ir is it iu iv iw ix iy iz ja jb jc jd je jf jg jh ji jj jk jl jm jn jo jp jq jr js jt ju jv jw jx jy jz ka kb kc kd ke kf kg kh ki kj kk kl km kn ko kp kq kr ks kt ku kv kw kx ky kz la lb lc ld le lf lg lh li lj lk ll lm ln lo lp lq lr ls lt lu lv G. Domina, 2011: Plumb aginaceae. Datasheet at Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity . Last accessed on October 18, 2018
  6. ^ A b c Limonium in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved December 7, 2013.
  7. ↑ a b c d e f Salvatore Brullo, Matthias Erben: The genus Limonium (Plumbaginaceae) in Greece. In: Phytotaxa. Volume 240, 2016, p. 26, DOI: 10.11646 / phytotaxa.240.1.1 .
  8. ↑ a b c Entries on Limonium at Plants For A Future . Retrieved December 9, 2013.

Web links

Commons : Sea Lilac ( Limonium )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files