Tierna (noble family)

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The noble family of Tierna , also spelled Tirna or Tyrna, takes its name from a derelict castle in the village of Oberthürnau , which is now part of the municipality of Drosendorf-Zissersdorf in the Horn district in the Waldviertel in Lower Austria . It appears for the first time in a document with Ulrich von Tierna in 1326, therefore belongs to the Lower Austrian knightly nobility and acquired numerous lordships and castles in Lower Austria in the 14th century.

At the same time, the Tierna were among the most influential and wealthy patrician families in the city of Vienna in the 14th and 15th centuries, where members of the family held the office of mayor and city judge several times between 1348 and 1364 and owned numerous important farms and properties. In addition, the von Tierna performed important functions in the service of the Dukes of Austria , whom they served as lenders and court masters , but above all as mint masters and hub masters , which contributed significantly to their extraordinary wealth in a short time.

The chapel built by them around 1358/1362 in the north-west corner of St. Stephen's Cathedral, which was known for over 100 years as the "Tiernakapelle" and is known today as the Prince Eugene Chapel , reminds of them , with the coat of arms of Tierna on the outside of the cathedral has been reminded of her foundation three times for over 600 years.

Important representatives

  • Friedrich von Tierna was lord of Rauhenstein and Sierndorf , mayor of Vienna in 1348 and 1349 - the year of the great plague in Vienna, through which the population suffered extraordinarily, with entire houses and streets becoming extinct - and again in 1352.
  • Hans von Tierna, was the city judge of Vienna in 1346, and from 1362 to 1364 mayor of Vienna - the year in which in 1364 the childless Duke Rudolf IV of Austria with his brothers Albrecht III. and Leopold III. regulated the rulership in the Habsburg lands after his death through the Rudolfinische Hausordnung . He was also ducal mint master from 1354 to 1378 (with brief interruptions) and ducal hub master between 1356 and 1388 (also with brief interruptions) and rose to ducal court master in 1365 . After the death of Duke Rudolf IV in 1365, he played an important role in that the dukes Albrecht III. and Leopold III. When their brother Rudolf IV died, they were so heavily indebted that Johann von Tierna had to advance them several times, and the two dukes were ultimately forced to transfer the state administration of the Duchy of Austria to a consortium of experts from 1370 to 1374 ducal court master Hans von Liechtenstein also Hans von Tierna belonged to. Hans von Tierna died in 1388 before May 17th in his house at Hohen Markt 8, leaving behind seven children. In 1382 the sons of Hans von Tierna were taken prisoner in Bohemia for unknown reasons. When they were brought to Vienna, Duke Albrecht III let them. to the Kreuzenstein Castle , where they remained incarcerated for a whole year. One of them went mad, the others were later released. The sons of Hans I, Rudolf von Tierna and Ludwig von Tierna got into financial difficulties at the end of the 14th century and had to sell parts of their estates.
  • Johann II von Tierna was a member of the Inner Council and mint master in Vienna, who was probably affected by the new city law of Vienna, which was adopted in 1396 after the death of Duke Albrecht III. by his son Albrecht IV and his cousins, the sons of Duke Leopold III. It had been decided because it ended the privileged position of the urban patriciate - the hereditary citizens endowed with real estate - by now also removing the citizens who had no real estate in the city, i.e. all merchants and craftsmen, to the detriment of the established civil community of the land and homeowners who opened entry to the city council. After all, they were also obliged to pay city tax at the same time. Johann II of Tierna last appeared in a document in 1397.
  • Rudolf von Tierna Herr auf Ebreichsdorf , Enzersdor an der Fischa , Falkenstein. , Karlstein an der Thaya , Sierndorf and Weikersdorf. , ducal hubmaster in Austria, documented until 1406. It is therefore unclear whether he was still the decapitation of the mayor of Vienna, Konrad Vorlauf and the city councilors Hanns Rock and Konrad Rampersdorfer on the pig market on July 11, 1408 by order of Duke Leopold today's Lobkowitzplatz) who opposed Duke Leopold's policy. is not certain. However, the family subsequently preferred to lead the quieter life of country nobles instead of exposing themselves to fluctuations in ducal favor and the political dispute in Vienna.
  • Another Rudolf von Tierna died in 1478 as the last of his house in Vienna. He lived in troubled times, as it was between Emperor Friedrich III. and Duke Albrecht VI. 1460/61 came to the fratricidal war, in Lower Austria feudal knight and bandism was a plague, Emperor Friedrich III. was besieged by the Viennese in the Hofburg in Vienna in November 1462 and in 1468 the King of Bohemia invaded Lower Austria with his son Victorin, whereupon Emperor Friedrich III. was forced to pledge Lower Austria to the Hungarian King Matthias Corvinus , who himself crossed the border shortly afterwards under a pretext and only made peace and left the country in exchange for recognition as King of Bohemia and a "war compensation" of 100,000 guilders. As a consolation, Rudolf von Tierna was able to enjoy the then very popular peasant and priest swans by Neithart Fuchs . The male line of the family only died out with Konrad von Tierna, Canon of Passau, who died in 1492, that is, the year when Christopher Columbus discovered America .

possession

Owned in Lower Austria

The family owned significant castles and manors in Lower Austria.

Ebreichsdorf Castle

Ebreichsdorf Castle 12

Together with the neighboring castles Ebenfurth and Pottendorf, Ebreichsdorf was part of the chain of defensive structures that were supposed to protect the Vienna Basin from incursions from the east. In 1328 Ulrich II von Pergau and his brother Berthold were the owners of the estate. From these the knightly Viennese councilor family von Tierna acquired the rule and castle. In the second half of the 14th century Rudolf von Tierna is considered to be the founder of the castle chapel. Due to high debts he had to hand over the castle to the Vienna Schottenstift in 1393. Then the Lords of Walsee followed .

Falkenstein

Falkenstein Castle in the Weinviertel

The Falkenstein Castle, built around 1050 against invasions from Bohemia on a limestone cliff, which is only mentioned for sure in 1379, was a sovereign fiefdom, with the von Tierna being mentioned as pledges in the 15th century. 1578 the property for Paul Sixtus III. Baron von Trautson raised to a free county .

Karlstein

Karlstein Castle in the Waldviertel

The castle, which is located on a rock outcrop in the northern part of the forest, is mentioned in a document as early as 1112. It was a sovereign fiefdom until the 16th century and was owned by the von Tierna family from the middle to the end of the 14th century and passed to the knights of Hauser via the marriage of Magdalena von Tierna in inheritance and purchase.

Rauhenstein

The castle, built in the 12th century, controlled the strategically important connection from the Vienna Woods to the west. For a long time it was owned by the Tursen von Rauhenstein, which went out in the male line in 1369 and so came to Johann von Tierna.

Wildberg Castle

In 1382 Hans is from Tierna pledge owners of Castle Wildberg in the Lower Austrian municipality Irnfritz knives , northwest of Horn mentioned

Sierndorf Castle

Sierndorf - castle

This castle, located today in the market town of the same name in the Korneuburg district , was acquired by the Tierna from the Lords of Sunnberg. A small tombstone in the church reminds of the Tierna family. After the death of Leopold von Tierna († 1461) Sierndorf to his widow and then to her second husband, Christoph von Malzkasten.

Sitzendorf on the Schmida

Sitzendorf in the Weinviertel was owned by Johann I von Tierna, Mayor of Vienna, Hubmeister of Austria (test. 1390). The Tierna also owned the rulers at times: Aigen, Alberndorf im Pulkautal , Enzersdorf an der Fischa , Goggendorf near Sitzendorf an der Schmida (the castle no longer exists), Markersdorf , Teesdorf and Weikersdorf Castle, both in the Baden district , and had farms in Kritzendorf and Waltersdorf, as well as Gülten and mining rights at Klosterneuburg , Mollesdorf and Gumpoldskirchen .

Owned in Vienna

The Tierna also had important property in Vienna:

The Federlhof

It has been one of the most prestigious farms in Vienna since ancient times and was acquired by the von Tierna in 1338 from the Chriegler patrician family. The large palace was located on the property that today roughly corresponds to the address Lugeck 7 and Rotenturmstraße 6 and had an entrance from Bischofsgasse (today Rotenturmstraße) and a second through the gate way of the tower from Bäckerstraße. The von Tierna also had a tower built, which is mentioned in 1360 and used the building as a city residence, which remained in the family from 1338 to 1398. The building owes its name to a much later owner, the patrician Georg Federl, who was also the owner of the Tribuswinkel estate around 1591 . This building will later temporarily Philippine Welser († 1580 at Ambras Castle ), an Augsburg patrician daughter and wife of Archduke Ferdinand II. Von Habsburg, sovereign of Tyrol , the famous Swiss physician, natural philosopher and alchemist Theophrastus bombast of Hohenheim († 1541 ) , called Paracelsus and the imperial general Albrecht Wenzel Eusebius von Waldstein , Duke of Friedland known as " Wallenstein ".

The Margaretner Hof

The "lower court in Matzleinsdorf", later Margaretner Castle, was located at about today's address Margaretenplatz 2 and 3, was first mentioned in a document in 1373 when it was acquired by Rudolf von Tierna and until shortly before 1408 it was owned by the von Tierna family. In 1395 Rudolf and Ludwig von Tierna donated a Chapel of St. Margaret there , consecrated to St. Margaret of Antioch . The 5th Viennese district Margareten owes its name to this Tierna manor on today's Margaretenplatz, as the Gutsweiler that arose around this manor in today's Margaretenplatz - Hofgasse - Schlossgasse area was the starting point for the development of the Margareten suburb.

The Ledererhof

Was first mentioned in 1341 and consisted of a group of seven houses that were located at the exit of Färbergasse towards the square at the courtyard, with two large houses (today around courtyard 11 and courtyard 12) forming the main front towards the square at the courtyard. They were only demolished in the 19th century. It owes its name to its function as a guild house and hostel of the leather guild.

The Kammerhof

Was a handsome building that served the sovereign financial administration in the 13th and 14th centuries and which the Tierna used as a mint during their time as ducal mint and hub masters. The name was later carried over to the square in front of the building, which is now called the Wildpredmarkt. Nothing is left of the original building.

The straw yard

It stood between the “Zum Strobelkopf” house and the Zwettler Hof on the property that roughly corresponds to today's address Wollzeile 6–8 / Schullerstraße 1–3. It is mentioned in 1339, was acquired by the Tierna and in 1388 was owned by Friedrich Tierna. In 1397 Rudolf and Ludwig von Tierna bequeathed it to the church for a mass foundation in their memory. Later the ducal coin was temporarily located in the one-story house.

The Prague House

The so-called “Praghaus” on the Kienmarkt (today Ruprechtsplatz No. 1 and Salzgasse No. 7) should actually be called “Präghaus”, as it was owned by the ducal mint master Hans II von Tierna, who minted the so-called Viennese pfennigs there . He sold this house in 1397 to Wilhelm "the ambitious" Duke of Inner Austria († 1406 ), who used it in 1403 as a prison for the brother of King of Hungary , King Wenceslaus of Luxembourg, King of Bohemia from 1363 to 1419, who spent 15 months in this House in Vienna, but was finally able to break out of the annexed stable of the house on November 11, 1403 and return to Prague via Nikolsburg with the help of Hans von Liechtenstein .

The paradise garden

The "Paradise Garden" - consisted of a larger garden with a house, which was located in front of the Stubentor in the "Gereut" (today about Parkring in front of the former horticultural building) and which was documented in 1371 in the possession of Hans I. von Tierna († 1388) found. His sons Rudolf and Ludwig von Tierna had the area enlarged to include an adjoining house and a barn, but after 1391 sold the Paradise Garden to the ducal court master Johann von Liechtenstein. However, since all of his property was confiscated by the government in 1395, the Paradise Garden fell to the sovereign. It was probably leveled after the first Turkish siege in 1529. In 1597 the name “Obere Paradeisbastei”, which was part of the Vienna city walls, reminded of the paradise garden.

Further home ownership

In addition, the family owned houses on Reisstrasse, on the Hohen Markt , by the " Rotenturmtor ", already mentioned in 1288 - the city fortifications at the end of today's Rotenturmstrasse - on Petersfreithof (one of the oldest cemeteries in Vienna around the old Peterskirche - the oldest parish church of Vienna, which, according to legend, goes back to Charlemagne). actually goes back to late antiquity - as well as houses under the locksmiths in Untere Werd (in Leopoldstadt ), meat banks and a stables on Lichtensteg, a bathing room in Rothgässchen, vineyards in Sievering and Brunn am Gebirge and castle rights to houses, gardens and farms under the Blessing, in the Upper Gries, among the fishermen and in front of the Werdertor.

Mary Magdalene Monastery

The Tierna were also among the most important benefactors of the derelict Maria Magdalenenkloster, which is said to have been founded by Frederick II "the arguable" Duke of Austria from 1230 to 1246. It was located in front of the Schottentor of the Vienna city walls and had entrances from today's Liechtensteinstrasse and from Währinger Strasse. In 1434, complaints led to a strict investigation, whereupon the nuns were forbidden to “visit foreign baths” or “to throw their eyes back and forth in the presence of men.” There is a reminder of the Tierna nothing more, as the monastery burned down in 1529, during the first Turkish siege of Vienna .

The Tirnakapelle

Vienna - St. Stephen's Cathedral, Tiernakapelle, today Prinz-Eugen-Kapelle

The family left a permanent monument through the expansion of a chapel on the northwest corner of St. Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna around 1358/1362, which was carried out in the Gothic style as part of the expansion of the church under Duke Rudolf IV of Austria (1339–1365) . It is one of the four western chapels which, at least as far as the walls are concerned, were completed during Duke Rudolf IV's lifetime. On the stone outer facade of the chapel - and thus of the cathedral - there are no less than three representations of the coat of arms of the Tierna family carved in stone: on the front of the cathedral a knight's helmet with the coat of arms as a crest and on the north side of the chapel where the simple The coat of arms can be seen twice - probably to make the patronage of the Tierna family clear to the outside world.

The chapel has had different names throughout history. At the beginning it was called the "Morandus Chapel" after Saint Morandus († 1115), who was venerated as the patron saint of the House of Habsburg , because Duke Rudolf IV personally buried his bones there. After the Tierna family took over the patronage rights over this chapel, they took care of the expansion and in 1397 invested a large amount in the decoration of the chapel, now known as the Tierna chapel, as the family's burial place. Paul von Tierna, who had an accident in the tower of St. Stephen in 1389, was buried there. Georg von Tierna - the last of his family - was buried in this chapel in 1478. The family kept the patronage of this chapel, which was later also referred to as the Kreuzkapelle, until it died out. In 1717 the family of the Princes of Liechtenstein acquired the patronage, whereby they were called the Liechtenstein Chapel and soon afterwards the Prince Eugen Chapel, since the famous Austrian general, Prince Eugen of Savoy, was buried there alongside Emanuel Thomas Duke of Savoy-Carignan since 1736 .

coat of arms

In black a red bar and above it two outward-facing silver crescent moon next to each other, helmet: The crowned helmet with black and red cover bears the coat of arms as a crest ornament, whereby an open flight can be seen on the red bar. The coat of arms can be found on the outer wall of St. Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna three times carved in stone on the Tierna Chapel built by the family - and originally named after them - today's Prinz Eugen Chapel.

Stem row

Ulrich von Tierna, is mentioned in a document in 1326 together with his wife Berta and his sisters Adelheid and Elisabeth

  1. Margareta von Tierna († XII. Calendar July 1348), buried in Vienna with the Minorites.
  2. Friedrich von Tierna († after 1353) Lord of Rauhenstein and Sierndorf, Mayor of Vienna 1349–1349 and again in 1352, as well as mint master in 1346 and 1351. He had the church of the Maria Magdalena monastery vaulted. ⚭ I. Anna Ne (cl. 1347), ⚭ 2. Margareta Ne (cl. 1354)
    1. Johann I. von Tierna (certified 1390); Herr auf Aigen, Alberndorf, Enzersdorf an der Fischa, Goggendorf, Karlstein, Markersdorf, Rauhenstein, Sitzendorf, Sierndorf u. Teesdorf, knight, ducal hub master and mint master in Austria, mayor of Vienna 1348–1349, and again 1362–1364 ⚭ Agnes von Grub (cl. 1347 to 1367), daughter of the knight Sieghart von Grub the Elder and Ne. Pernauer.
      1. Magdalena von Tierna cl. 1396, received rights from her father to rule Karlstein in the Waldviertel, which passed on to her husband. ⚭ 1379 knight Georg Hauser († 1429), since 1396 lord of Karlstein Castle, with whom he was enfeoffed in 1405 by Wilhelm "the Friendly" († 1406), Duke of Inner Austria , together with his sons Jobst (Jodokus) and Johann Hauser. Similar to his sister-in-law, those of Tierna, Jobst Hauser played a double role, as he too served as a landed gentry and from 1424 to 1436 in the Vienna city council Duke Albrecht V of Austria as his lawyer.
      2. Dorothea von Tierna, ⚭ before October 8, 1388 with Ortolf Stockhorner († July 15 between 1408/1409), at Stockern Castle , Buchberg am Kamp , Plank am Kamp and Kühnring - the ancestral seat of the important Lower Austrian noble family of the Kuenringer - (today cadastral parish the municipality of Burgschleinitz-Kühnring in the Horn district )
      3. Rudolf von Tierna auf Ebreichsdorf, Enzersdorf an der Fischa, Falkenstein, Karlstein, Sierndorf and Weikersdorf, 1392 ducal lift master in Austria cl. 1406, ⚭ Anna Turs von Lichtenfels (cl. 1385) a daughter of Johann Turs auf Lichtenfels and Katharina von Haslau a daughter of Ulrich (I.) von Haslau auf Schönkirchen and Anna Turs von Rauheneck.
        1. Johann III. from Tierna (cl. 1452)
        2. Andreas of Tierna
        3. Anna von Tierna ⚭ 1428 Walther the Younger Marshal von und zu Reichenau, († 1435)
      4. Johann II. Von Tierna, mint master in Vienna, (cl. 1397) He owned, among other things, the “Praghaus”; on the Kienmarkt, today Ruprechtsplatz No. 1 and Salzgasse No. 7 and sold this house in 1397 to Duke Wilhelm "the Ambitious" of Inner Austria († 1406 ). ⚭ Agnes von Totzenbach (cl. 1416), a daughter of Philipp von Totzenbach (cl. 1387, † 1394) and Sidonia von Polheim , a daughter of the knight Weichart von Polheim auf Steinhaus and Katharina von Leibnitz. She married Martin Häusler auf Senftenegg (cl. 1416) in the second marriage
        1. Leopold von Tierna auf Sierndorf (cl. 1455, † 1461), ⚭ Marie Dachpeck von Greillenstein (cl. 1435, † 1482), a daughter of Engelbrecht Dachpeck auf Greillenstein , (cl.1435, † 1462). She married Christoph Malzkasten (cl. 1480) for the second time, who took over the rule of Sierndorf.
          1. Georg von Tierna, († on St. Agnestag 1478), buried in Vienna, St. Stephan
      5. Ludwig von Tierna (cl. 1400)
      6. Katharina von Tierna, († 1433), ⚭ Ulrich (II.) Von Haslau (cl. 1433) at Piberstein Castle (see above), 1421 Truchsess, 1432 cupbearer of Duke Albrecht V of Austria (since 1438 as Albrecht II Roman - German king as well as king of Hungary , Croatia and Bohemia ), sells his rule and festivals Piberstein in Austria ob der Enns to the brothers Kaspar and Balthasar von Schallenberg for 1000 black Viennese pfennigs (cl.1433) in 1428
      7. Friedrich von Tierna (cl. 1400),
      8. Konrad von Tierna (cl. 1400)
      9. Georg von Tierna (cl. 1408)
      10. Agnes von Tierna ⚭ around 1412 knight Johann the Younger von Rohrbach auf Klingenbrunn, († on St. Pankraztag 1436), buried in the parish church in Haag.
      11. Paul von Tierna († 1389) is killed (on February 2 or after December 28) in the tower of St. Stephen by a ladder. After that there was a dispute about 1000 pounds between the Tierna families and Mr. Pillung (probably Niclas the Pillung of St. Gilgenberg , cl. 1384), the father-in-law of the late Paul von Tierna. He was married to Ne Pillung, a daughter of Niclas Pillung, but had no children.
    2. Mechthilde von Tierna, cl. 1354
    3. Jakob the Elder from Tierna, cl. 1346 - 1391, ⚭ Ursula Ennenkel , a daughter of the knight Knight Dietrich Ennenkel von Lenzenfeld and Veronika Messenbeck (cl. 1289)
      1. Barbara von Tierna, ⚭ Andreas von Grub on Luftenberg, cl. 1392–1418, † before 1456
        1. Agnes von Grub von Luftenberg ⚭ 1441 Balthasar von Schallenberg on Ortisei, Piberstein etc. ducal caretaker and district judge of Waxenberg, († May 4, 1457) (progenitor of the Counts of Schallenberg, who are still in bloom today.)
      2. Paul from Tierna
      3. Matthias von Tierna (cl. 1408), ⚭ Ne von Prandtner
        1. Margaretha von Tierna, † before 1458, ⚭ after 1438 Knight Pilgrim Walch the Elder on Prandegg (in the district of Freistadt in the Mühlviertel ), Arbing and Joching , knight, administrator of the provincial administration in Austria above the Enns, († on Prandegg, Tuesday after Ascension Day 1493, established parish church in Zell). Before 1458 he married Margarethe von Schallenberg , († 1498) a daughter of Balthasar von Schallenberg on Escheldorf, Nussbaum, St. Ulrich and Piberstein and Agnes von Grub on Luftenberg on the Danube , Prandegg on St. Lukastag 1498, buried in the parish church of Zell (see above: a daughter of Barbara von Tierna). The male line of the Walch von Prandegg family died out around 1534, Tierna descendants existed through Katharina von Walch, a daughter from his second marriage, who was married to the knight Reinprecht von Sinzendorf , on Achleiten Feyregg, etc. in 1499/1506 .
        2. Thomas von Tierna (cl. 1440, † before 1464), ⚭ Elisabeth von Rohrbach auf Ober-Hauzenthal (cl. 1489), was court master of the imperial princess Kunigunde (sister of Emperor Maximilian I ) and daughter of the knight Ulrich von Rohrbach and the Anna von Lasberg . She married Johann d. In 1464 as a second marriage. J. von Pellendorf († 1474)
          1. Jakob the Younger from Tierna ⚭ Margareta Grabner (cl. 1499), daughter of Georg Grabner on Joslowitz and Gertrud Kälberharter. In 1492 she married Ritter Reinprecht Sinzendorfer auf Achleiten, Feyregg u. Friedau († 1533)
          2. Konrad von Tierna († 1492), Canon of Passau, who was undoubtedly affected by the dispute between Cardinal Georg Hessler , that of Emperor Friedrich III. The Prince-Bishop of Passau proposed and ordained Pope by Pope Sixtus IV , and the opposing Bishop Friedrich Mauerkircher, elected by the Cathedral Chapter, was affected because Cardinal Hessler took possession of the Diocese of Passau by force, but only ruled from 1480 to 1482, after which Friedrich Mauerkirchner from 1482 to 1485 succeeded as prince-bishop. Konrad von Tierna died in 1492 as the last male representative of his family
      4. Ne von Tierna, ⚭ Johann Würfel the Elder, Knight, on Rodaun (cl. 1400). Like the Tierna, his family was one of the knightly patricians of the city of Vienna, since his brother Paul Würfel 1396-1397, 1401-1403 and 1404-1405 was mayor of Vienna, as were two of his uncles, Heinrich Würfel 1353 and Nikolaus Würfel the Elder served as mayor from 1368 to 1370.

See also

literature

Waldviertel castles

  • Ernst Hartmann von Franzenshuld: The Tirna. In: Yearbook for regional studies of Lower Austria. II. Volume, 1869, pp. 325-346.
  • Richard Groner, revised by Felix Czeike: Wien Wie Es War. 5th edition, Verlag Fritz Molden, 1965.
  • Wilhelm Kisch: The old streets and squares of Vienna and their historically interesting houses. Volume IV, M. Gottlieb's Verlagbuchhandlung, Vienna 1883, p. 550 (Reprint Archiv Verlag, 2000).
  • Ferdinand Opll : News from Medieval Vienna. Böhlau-Verlag, 1995, ISBN 3-205-98372-6 , p. 94.
  • Gerhard Reichhalter, Karin and Thomas Kühtreiber : Burgen Weinviertel. 1st edition, freytag & berndt, ISBN 3-7079-0713-9 .
  • Siebmacher's Grosses Wappenbuch, Volume 26, The arms of the nobility in Lower Austria, Volume 2 S - Z, Verlag Bauer and Raspe, 1983.
  • Leopold Sailer: The Viennese councilors of the 14th century. Deutscher Verlag für Jugend und Volk, Vienna 1931 (studies from the archive of the city of Vienna, 3/4), pp. 249 ff and 502.
  • Handbook of the City of Vienna. Born in 99, Verlag für Jugend und Volk, Vienna 1984, Book II, pp. 217 and 235–236 ( digital.wienbibliothek.at ).
  • Karl Weiß: History of the City of Vienna. Rudolf Lechner Publishing House, Vienna 1872.
  • Franz Karl Wißgrill : the scene of the rural Lower Austrian nobility from the lords and knights from the 11th century to the present day. 5 volumes.
  • Constant von Wurzbach : Biographical Lexicon of the Empire of Austria . 60 volumes.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Siebmacher's Grosses Wappenbuch, Volume 26, The arms of the nobility in Lower Austria Volume 2, S - Z ; Page 305; Publisher Bauer and Raspe 1983
  2. ↑ a b c d e Burgen-Austria.com Austria Archive
  3. ^ Karl Weiss: History of the City of Vienna. P. 93.
  4. ↑ a b Ferdinand Opll, News from Medieval Vienna, p. 94; Böhlau-Verlag 1995, ISBN 3-205-98372-6
  5. ^ Karl Weiß, History of the City of Vienna, page 97
  6. ↑ a b c d e f Felix Czeike: Historisches Lexikon Wien , 5th volume, p. 458/59, digitized
  7. ^ Karl Weiß, History of the City of Vienna, page 98
  8. ^ Karl Weiß, History of the City of Vienna, page 104
  9. ^ After Karl Weiß, History of the City of Vienna, first volume, 2nd edition, page 347; Karl Konegen publishing house; Vienna, 1882, Siebmacher does not know this Rudolf
  10. ^ Gerhard Stenzel, Lower Austria, History and Culture in Pictures and Documents, Otto Müller Verlag 1982, ISBN 3-7013-0637-0 , p. 138
  11. ^ Gerhard Stenzel, Lower Austria, History and Culture in Pictures and Documents, Otto Müller Verlag 1982, ISBN 3-7013-0637-0 , p. 136
  12. ^ Gerhard Reichhalter, Karin and Thomas Kühtreiber, Burgen Weinviertel , page 96; freytag & berndt, 1st edition ISBN 3-7079-0713-9
  13. ^ Castles Waldviertel Wachau Moravian Thayatal; Page 232; freytag & berndt, 2nd revised and expanded edition, Vienna, 2009, ISBN 978-3-7079-1273-9 .
  14. ^ Castles Waldviertel Wachau Moravian Thayatal; Page 224.
  15. ↑ Siebmacher's Grosses Wappenbuch, Volume 26, The arms of the nobility in Lower Austria, Part 2, page 365
  16. ^ Castles Waldviertel Wachau Moravian Thayatal; Page 226; freytag & berndt, 2nd revised and expanded edition, Vienna, 2009, ISBN 978-3-7079-1273-9 .
  17. ↑ Burg Weinviertel p. 369
  18. ↑ Groner, WIEN AS IT WAS; Pages 153/154
  19. ^ Wilhelm Kisch, The old streets and squares of Vienna and their historically interesting houses, Volume IV. Page 567; Vienna 1883, M. Gottlieb's Verlagbuchhandlung, Reprint 2000 Archiv Verlag
  20. ↑ Groner, WIEN AS IT WAS; Page 278
  21. ^ Wilhelm Kisch, The old streets and squares of Vienna and their historically interesting houses, Volume IV. Page 550; Vienna 1883, M. Gottlieb's Verlagbuchhandlung, Reprint 2000 Archiv Verlag
  22. ↑ Groner, WIEN AS IT WAS; Page 577
  23. ^ Karl Eduard Schimmer, Old and New Vienna, history of the Austrian imperial city in two volumes. 2nd edition, first volume, pages 362/363, A. Hartlenben's Verlag Vienna 1904
  24. ↑ Paradise Garden (in front of the Stubentor) in the Vienna History Wiki of the City of Vienna
  25. ↑ Groner p. 476
  26. ↑ Groner p. 434
  27. ↑ Groner p. 364
  28. ^ Karl Weiß, History of the City of Vienna; I. Department: The Roman Age and the Middle Ages, p. 171, Rudolf Lechner Verlag, Vienna, 1871
  29. ↑ Siebmacher's Grosses Wappenbuch, Volume 26, The arms of the nobility in Lower Austria Volume 2, S - Z; Page 305;, picture in the appendix on plate 171. Verlag Bauer and Raspe 1983
  30. ↑ Siebmacher's Grosses Wappenbuch, Volume 26, The arms of the nobility in Lower Austria Volume 2, S - Z; Page 305; Publisher Bauer and Raspe 1983
  31. ↑ According to Siebmacher, Friedrich von Tierna would have been a brother of Johann I von Tierna, which, however, for reasons of time - Johann I did not testify until 1390 - does not seem likely. Czeike also describes him as the father of Johann I.
  32. ^ Franz Karl Wißgrill, Scene of the Lower Austrian Nobility, Volume 3, page 109
  33. ^ Franz Karl Wissgrill, scene of the rural Lower Austrian nobility, Volume 4, pages 218/219
  34. ↑ Siebmacher's Grosses Wappenbuch, Volume 26, The arms of the nobility in Lower Austria, Part 2, Pages 234/235
  35. ^ Siebmacher's Grosses Wappenbuch, Volume 26, The arms of the nobility in Lower Austria, Volume 2, S – Z; Page 422
  36. ^ Karl Eduard Schimmer, Old and New Vienna, history of the Austrian imperial city in two volumes. 2nd edition, first volume, pages 362/363, A. Hartlenben's Verlag Vienna 1904
  37. ↑ Siebmacher's Grosses Wappenbuch, Volume 26, The arms of the nobility in Lower Austria, Part 2, S – Z, page 367
  38. ^ Franz Karl Wißgrill, Scene of the Lower Austrian Nobility, Volume 4, page 201
  39. ^ Ferdinand Opll, News from medieval Vienna, p. 100, Böhlau Verlag 1995, ISBN 3-205-98372-6
  40. ↑ Ennenkel pedigree on enenkel.at link
  41. ↑ Siebmacher's Grosses Wappenbuch, The arms of the nobility in Lower Austria, Part 2, S – Z page 34
  42. ↑ Siebmacher's Grosses Wappenbuch, The arms of the nobility in Lower Austria, part 2, page 491
  43. ↑ Siebmacher's Grosses Wappenbuch, The arms of the nobility in Lower Austria, part 2, page 157
  44. ↑ Siebmacher's Grosses Wappenbuch, The arms of the nobility in Lower Austria, Part 2; Page 605