World heritage in Iran
The world heritage in Iran (as of 2019) includes 24 UNESCO world heritage sites , including 22 world cultural heritage sites and two world natural heritage sites. The Iran joined the World Heritage Convention in 1975, the first World Heritage site was inscribed on the World Heritage List 1979th The last World Heritage site to date was registered in 2019. Bam's citadel and its cultural space were among the most threatened places and were therefore removed from the list during the 2013 summit. The Bam Citadel was badly damaged after the earthquake in Bam and has been in danger ever since. With the appraisal and the repairs carried out in recent years, the UNESCO organization has removed the Bam Citadel from the list of compromised sites.
World heritage sites
The following table lists the UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Iran in chronological order according to the year of their inclusion in the World Heritage List (K - cultural heritage, N - natural heritage, K / N - mixed, (R) - on the Red List of World Heritage in Danger ).
Map with all coordinates of World Heritage Sites: OSM
image | designation | year | Type | Ref. | description |
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Ruined city of Chogha Zanbil ( location ) |
1979 | K | 113 | The ruins of the holy city of the Kingdom of Elam, surrounded by three huge concentric walls, are located in Tchogha Zanbil. Founded c. 1250 BC After being invaded by Ashurbanipal, the city remained unfinished, as evidenced by the thousands of unused stones on the construction site. | |
Persepolis ruins ( location ) |
1979 | K | 114 | Founded in 518 by Darius I, Persepolis was the capital of the Achaemenid Empire. It was built on a huge semi-artificial, semi-natural terrace where the King of Kings created an impressive palace complex, inspired by Mesopotamian models. The importance and quality of the monumental ruins make it a unique archaeological site. | |
Meidān-e Emām (Imam's Square) of Isfahan ( Location ) |
1979 | K | 115 | The Meidān-e Emām (originally and partly still today: Naqsch-e Dschahan, ie image of the world) was built by Shah Abbas I the great at the beginning of the 17th century and surrounded on all sides by monumental buildings, the connected by a series of two-story arcades. The site is known for the Royal Mosque, Sheykh Lotfollah Mosque, the grandeur Portico of Qaysariyyeh and the 15th century Timurid Palace. They are an impressive testimony to the social and cultural life in Persia during the Safavid period. | |
Tacht-e Suleiman archaeological site ( location ) |
2003 | K | 1077 | The archaeological site Takht-e Soleyman in northwestern Iran is located in a valley in a volcanic mountain region. The site includes the main Zoroastrian sanctuary, partially rebuilt in the Ilkhanid period (13th century), and a Sasanid temple (6th and 7th centuries) dedicated to Anahita. The website has an important symbolic meaning. The designs of the fire temple, the palace, and the general floor plan greatly influenced the development of Islamic architecture. | |
Pasargadae ( location ) |
2004 | K | 1106 | ||
Bam and its cultural landscape ( location ) |
2004 | K | 1208 | ||
Soltaniye ( location ) |
2005 | K | 1188 | with Öldscheitü mausoleum | |
Behistun ( location ) |
2006 | K | 1222 | ||
Armenian monasteries in Iran | 2008 | K | 1262 | Includes the ensembles around the monastery of St. Thaddäus , the monastery of St. Stephanos and the chapel of Dzordsor | |
Historic Shushtar Hydraulic System - bridges, dams, canals, buildings and water mills | 2009 | K | 1315 | u. a. Band-e Kaisar | |
Ensemble Sheikh Safi al-din Khānegāh in Ardabil | 2010 | K | 1345 | in the city of Ardabil | |
Historical bazaar in Tabriz | 2010 | K | 1346 | in the city of Tabriz | |
Persian gardens | 2011 | K | 1372 | 9 gardens: Mahan-e Kerman , Abbas Abad in Behschar , Bagh-e Fin in Kashan, Tschehel Sotun in Isfahan, Bagh-e Eram and gardens of Pasargadae in Shiraz , Doulat Abad and Pahlewan Pur in Yazd and Akbarieh Birdschand | |
Jame Mosque in Isfahan | 2012 | K | 1397 | ||
Gonbad-e Qābus mausoleum | 2012 | K | 1398 | 53 meter high mausoleum of the Ciyarid ruler Qaboos | |
Golestan Palace in Tehran | 2013 | K | 1422 | ||
Ruins of Shahr-e Suchte | 2014 | K | 1456 | The archaeological site provided important information about Bronze Age settlements in the region (3rd millennium BC) | |
Cultural landscape of Maymand | 2015 | K | 1423 | ||
Susa | 2015 | K | 1455 | ||
Lut desert | 2016 | N | 1505 | ||
The Persian Qanats | 2016 | K | 1506 | comprises 11 qanats , i.e. H. underground canal systems, which lead groundwater from higher areas to settlements or areas to be irrigated. | |
Old town of Yazd | 2017 | K | 1544 | ||
Archaeological landscape of the Sassanids in the Fars region | 2018 | K | 1568 | The archaeological remains of Bischapur and Firuzābād serve as exceptional examples of cities from the early Sassanid period, and the Sarvestan monument illustrates the influence of Sassanid architecture on early Islamic architecture. All cities are in the province of Fars . | |
Hyrcanic forests ( location ) |
2019 | N | 1584 | The world heritage consists of 15 protected areas along the Caspian Sea. Azerbaijan is planning a future expansion of the world heritage. |
Tentative list
The sites that are intended for nomination for inclusion in the World Heritage List are entered in the tentative list .
Current World Heritage candidates
As of 2019, there are 56 sites in the tentative list of Iran, the last entry was in 2019. The following table lists the sites in chronological order according to the year of their inclusion in the tentative list.
Map with all coordinates of current World Heritage candidates: OSM
image | designation | year | Type | Ref. | description |
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Jame Mosque of Isfahan ( location ) |
1997 | K | 888 | It was already included on the World Heritage List in 2012 (Ref. 1397 ), but is still on the tentative list. | |
Susa ( location ) |
1997 | K | 894 | Susa was entered on the World Heritage List in 2015 (Ref. 1455 ) but is still on the tentative list. | |
Naqsh-e Rostam and Naqsh-e Rajab | 1997 | K | 898 | includes the archaeological sites of Naqsh-e Rostam and Naqsh-e Rajab in Fars Province | |
Tappe Sialk ( location ) |
1997 | K | 900 | Tappe Sialk is also part of a later proposal (Ref. 5187 ) but is still listed as an independent candidate on the tentative list. | |
Taq-e Bostan ( location ) |
2007 | K | 5182 | ||
Kuh-e Chwadscha ( location ) |
2007 | K | 5184 | ||
Persepolis and other relevant structures | 2007 | K | 5186 | The planned expansion of the Persepolis World Heritage Site (Ref. 114 ) includes the holy mountain Kuh-e Mehr (Kuh-e Rahmat), the royal mausoleums in Naqsch-e Rajab (see Ref. 898 ) and the city of Istachr | |
Historical-cultural axis of Fin, Sialk, Kaschan | 2007 | K | 5187 | Includes, among other things, the Tappe Sialk (Ref. 900 ) proposed back in 1997 and the Persian garden of Fin in the area of the city of Kashan . | |
Historical ensemble of Qasr-e Shirin | 2007 | K | 5188 | Revised proposal from 1997 | |
Historical Monument of Kangavar | 2007 | K | 5189 | The 220 x 212 m complex, also known as the Temple of Anahita , was built on a rock platform overlooking the Kangavar plain . | |
Historic city of Meybod | 2007 | K | 5193 | ||
Historic port of Siraf | 2007 | K | 5195 | ||
Qaisariye Bazaar ( location ) |
2007 | K | 5196 | Bazaar in the city of Lar | |
Abyaneh historical village | 2007 | K | 5197 | ||
Bastam and Kharghan ( location ) |
2007 | K | 5198 | includes the complex with the mausoleum of Bāyazīd Bistāmī in the city of Bastam in the province of Semnan , the main mosque of the city, the Kashaneh tower and part of the old city wall. | |
Historical texture of Dāmghān | 2007 | K | 5200 | ||
The cultural and natural landscape of Rāmsar | 2007 | K / N | 5201 | ||
Kabud mosque | 2007 | K | 5202 | Also known as the Blue Mosque of Tabriz . | |
Cultural landscape of Tūs | 2007 | K | 5203 | ||
Historic city of Masuleh | 2007 | K | 5204 | ||
Izadchast complex | 2007 | K | 5205 | ||
Alamut cultural landscape | 2007 | K | 5206 | ||
Zozan | 2007 | K | 5208 | Historical city in the east of the Razavi-Khorasan province . | |
Khorramabad Valley | 2007 | K | 5209 | Valley in Lorestan in the Zagros Mountains with prehistoric sites and historical sites. | |
Jiroft | 2007 | K | 5210 | ||
Ghaznavid-Seljuk axis in Khorasan | 2007 | K | 5211 | Sites from the time of the Ghaznavids and Seljuks rule in Khorasan , u. a. the Robat-Sharaf and Robat-Mahi caravanserais , the historical complex of Sang Bast, the Loghman-Baba mausoleum and others | |
Uramanat Cultural Landscape | 2007 | K | 5212 | historical villages in the province of Kordestān
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Qeschm Island | 2007 | K / N | 5215 | ||
Arasbaran Sanctuary | 2007 | N | 5217 | ||
Sabalan | 2007 | N | 5218 | The 4820 m high stratovolcano is the third highest mountain in Iran. Its crater lake is one of the world's highest freshwater lakes . | |
Chabr National Park and Rutschun Wildlife Sanctuary | 2007 | N | 5219 | includes the Chabr National Park and the Rutschun Wildlife Sanctuary in the Kerman Province | |
Ali Sadr Cave | 2007 | N | 5220 | ||
Silk road | 2008 | K | 5268 | includes sites on the sections of the Silk Road that run through Iran. | |
The natural historical landscape of Izeh | 2008 | K | 5269 | ||
Zand ensemble in the province of Fars | 2008 | K | 5270 | Building ensemble from the time of the Zand dynasty (1750–1794) in the city of Shiraz in the province of Fars , which the dynasty founder Karim Khan made his residence, includes the citadel of Karim Khan , the Vakil mosque and the Vakil Bazaar . | |
Historical-cultural structure of Kerman | 2008 | K | 5271 | ||
Hegmataneh | 2008 | K | 5271 | ||
Selection of historical bridges | 2008 | K | About 60 bridges in Lorestan Province | ||
Turan Biosphere Reserve | 2008 | N | 5275 | ||
Hamun lake | 2008 | N | 5276 | ||
Hara sanctuary | 2008 | N | 5277 | ||
Damawand | 2008 | N | 5278 | The inactive volcano is the highest mountain in Iran. There are a multitude of thermal springs and a diverse flora and fauna in its surroundings . | |
Windmills of Iran | 2017 | K | 6192 |
Asbads are a traditional form of windmills in Iran ( Persian windmill )
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Karaftu Natural History Complex and Cave | 2017 | K / N | 6193 | ||
Sacred Complex of the Imam Reza | 2017 | K | 6194 | ||
Trans-Iranian Railway | 2017 | K | 6195 | 1394 km long Trans-Iranian Railway | |
Industrial textile heritage in the central highlands of Iran | 2017 | K | 6196 | Carpet factories u. a. in Isfahan and Yazd | |
Persian caravanserai | 2017 | K | 6197 | Selection of 25 caravanserais : Robat Scharaf, Robat Mahi, Sharif Abad, Robat Sang, Fachre-Dawud, Ghadamgah, Neyschabur , Sange Kalil, Zaferanyeh, Mehr, Mazinan, Myandascht, Myamey, Deh Molla, Ahowan, Qusche, Lasgerdey, Dehnamak Gatschin, Eynol Raschid, Parand, Sado Saltaneh, Zeynol Din, Chamoschi, Farasfag, Bisuton, Izadchast , Chan choreh, Taj Abad, Ghasre Schirin , Ghelli and Robat Eschgh | |
Salt domes of Iran | 2017 | N | 6198 | ||
Gorgan Great Wall | 2017 | K | 6199 | ||
The Persian House in the highlands of Iran | 2017 | K | 6200 | z. B. Abbasi community center in Kashan | |
University of Tehran | 2017 | K | 6201 | ||
St. Amenaprkich Monastery (Vank Cathedral) | 2019 | K | 6385 | ||
Valiasr Street | 2019 | K | 6387 | ||
Valiasr Street | 2019 | K | 6387 |
Former World Heritage candidates
These sites were previously on the tentative list, but were withdrawn or rejected by UNESCO. Sites that are included in other entries on the tentative list or that are part of world heritage sites are not taken into account here.
image | designation | year | Type | Ref. | description |
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Historical-natural axis of the city of Isfahan | 2007-2013 | K | 5176 | five sites along the main axis of the city of Isfahan , illustrating the historical growth and urban planning of the city. | |
Golestan National Park ( location ) |
2007-2013 | N | 5213 |
Web links
- Iran on the UNESCO World Heritage Center website.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Iran. In: whc.unesco.org. UNESCO World Heritage Center, accessed April 1, 2018 .
- ^ Tentative list of Iran. In: whc.unesco.org. UNESCO World Heritage Center, accessed March 1, 2019 .
- ^ Former Tentative Sites of Iran. In: World Heritage Site. Retrieved April 1, 2018 .
Footnotes
- ↑ German names according to the World Heritage List. In: unesco.de. German UNESCO Commission, accessed on January 20, 2018 . , if necessary with adaptation of the transcription
- ↑ At the UNESCO World Heritage Center (WHC) there are 57 entries on the tentative list of Iran (see next itemization). However, in addition to the revised proposal for Qasr-e Shirin from 2007, the original proposal from 1997 is also listed there, so that this site is listed twice.