Infantry Regiment "Kronprinz" (5th Royal Saxon) No. 104

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The infantry regiment "Kronprinz" (5th Royal Saxon) No. 104 was an infantry association of the electoral, later Royal Saxon Army . It was founded on December 7, 1701 as the "Count Beichlingen Infantry Regiment" during the reign of Elector Augustus the Strong and was disbanded on March 31, 1919 after the Saxon military autonomy was lost. The following numbering was subsequently introduced for the system: 1701/5 (to Ticino), Infantry Regiment No. 4 and Old Prussian Infantry Regiment S 56 (to Bleckwenn). On June 15, 1930, a memorial for the fallen soldiers of the regiment was inaugurated at the municipal cemetery in Chemnitz.

Officer and musketeer of the regiment around 1791

War missions

The troop flags of the three battalions of the regiment at the beginning of the First World War

The Chemnitz Stammregiment was involved in the following wars and conflicts under various names until 1918 (excerpt):

General overview

Period war Remarks
1702 Northern War The regiment's baptism of fire at Klissow
1714 War of the Spanish Succession against the Swedes
1733-1735 War of the Polish Succession to preserve Saxony's claim to the Polish royal crown
1741/42 First Silesian War on the side of Prussia against Austria; The regiment stormed the Karlstor in Prague on 25/26. November 1741
1746 Second Silesian War on the side of Austria against Prussia; the regiment fights, among other things, in the battles of Hohenfriedberg and Kesselsdorf
1756 Seven Years War During the Seven Years' War the regiment on Lilienstein surrendered and was incorporated into the Prussian Army as an infantry regiment (S 56) . This led to massive desertion to Bohemia
1794 Reich execution Participation in the execution of the Reich on the Rhine against France with the staff and the 1st battalion
1806/1807 Fourth coalition war first on the side of Prussia against France (participation in the battle of Jena and Auerstedt ), later on the side of France against Prussia
1809 Fifth coalition war on the side of France against Austria (including participation in the battle of Wagram )
1812/13 Napoleon's Russian campaign Surrender of the grenadier companies for Napoleon's Russian campaign, the regiment remains as a cover force in northern Germany
1813-1815 Wars of Liberation The regiment is mostly wiped out in the battle near Lüneburg . Remnants of the regiment continue to fight alongside France as part of the newly formed 2nd provisional line infantry regiment. After the Battle of the Nations near Leipzig , the remnants of the regiment fight as the 2nd Line Infantry Regiment against France. The regiment then remained in France as an occupying force until 1816.
1864 German-Danish War The regiment was involved in the assault on the Düppeler Heights on April 18, 1864 as part of an execution army of the German Confederation
1866 German war against Prussia on the side of Austria (the German Confederation); Participation in the battle of Königgrätz
1870/71 Franco-German War Participation in the battles at Gravelotte (St. Privat) and Sedan as well as the siege of Paris
1914-1918 First World War

The losses of the regiment in the First World War

Memorial for those who died in the First World War of the regiment in the city cemetery in Chemnitz
Interior of the monument

total Officers NCOs and men
Like 2,026 76 1,950
Missing 2,274 13 2,261
Wounded 7,306 191 7.115
captivity 102 25th 77
Total losses 12,808

Note: The total losses are 1100 more than the sum of the individual losses. This is due to the fact that for the area of ​​NCOs and men for the second deployment of the regiment during the summer battle (October 5 to November 5, 1916) only the total number of losses of 1100 is known.

Regimental names (excerpt)

Period Regimental name Remarks
from 1701 Infantry Regiment " Graf Beichlingen "
around 1708 Infantry Regiment " Graf Wackerbarth "
around 1735 Infantry Regiment "du Caila"
until 1753 Infantry Regiment "von Niesemeuschel"
1753-1763 Infantry Regiment "Prince Friedrich August" Old Prussian Regiment S 53: 1756 from Hanstein, 1757 from Minckwitz
1763-1764 Infantry regiment "Kurprinz" then "Kurfürst"
1764-1850 Infantry Regiment " Prince Maximilian " also:
  • Prince Maximilian Regiment on foot,
  • Regiment Prinz Maximilian Infantry or
  • (Second) Line Infantry Regiment Prinz Maximilian
1850-1867 Infantry Brigade "Prince Maximilian" Reclassification from infantry regiment to infantry brigade
1867-1902 5. Kgl. Saxon. Infantry Regiment "Prinz Friedrich August" No. 104 The "Prinz Maximilian" infantry brigade was reclassified to the 104 and 105 infantry regiments
1903-1919 5. Kgl. Saxon. "Crown Prince" Infantry Regiment No. 104

Stationings

The "Maxer", as the soldiers of the regiment were called by the Chemnitz citizens, were stationed in Chemnitz again and again in the course of their existence. Until the middle of the 19th century, however, housing in barracks in today's sense was not the rule. Stationing therefore usually meant billeting in town houses. In order to reduce the associated burdens for the population, the individual battalions of the associations were often distributed over several cities. Only in 1877 was the regiment completely relocated to Chemnitz. The barracks, built in 1850, were located in front of the city gates on Zschopauer Straße. The regiment kept this garrison until its dissolution in 1919. The following table gives an overview of the stationing locations in the history of the unit (extract):

time Garrison (s)
1716-1733 Leipzig
1735-1741 Annaberg , Wolkenstein , Zschopau
1763 Chemnitz (staff), Annaberg, Mittweida , Oederan , Rochlitz , Zschopau
1796 Chemnitz (staff, 1st battalion), Annaberg (2nd battalion), Zschopau (grenadier companies)
1810 Chemnitz (staff, I. Btl), Zwickau (II. Btl), Freiberg (grenadiers)
1819-1821 Freiberg (Stab, I. Btl), Döbeln (II.Btl), Zwickau (III.Btl)
1823-1828 Freiberg (Stab, I. and III.Btl), Meißen (II.Btl)
1832-1850 Dresden (entire regiment)
1850 Chemnitz (three battalions), Schneeberg (one battalion)
1860-1866 Chemnitz (Stab, V. and VI. Btl), Marienberg (VII. Btl), Schneeberg (VIII. Btl) Note: Between 1850 and 1866 all Saxon battalions were numbered. The (Second) Infantry Brigade "Prince Maximilian" consisted of battalions five to eight.
1867-1870 Zwickau (Stab, I. and II. Btl), Schneeberg (III. Btl)
1873-1877 Zwickau (Stab, I. Btl), Plauen (II.Btl), Schneeberg (III.Btl)
1877-1919 Chemnitz (entire regiment)

Regimental commanders (excerpt)

  • Colonel Caila (around 1735)
  • Colonel von Niesemeuschel (around 1741)
  • Colonel Albrecht Christian Heinrich Count von Brühl (1777–1783)
  • Colonel Johann Gottfried Pabst von Ohain (1785–1790)
  • Colonel Christian Heinrich von Häusler (1791–1794)
  • Colonel Hanns Carl von Brause (1795–1800)
  • Colonel Johann Adolph von Oebschelwitz (1801–1804)
  • Colonel (since 1807 Major General) Friedrich Wilhelm von Schönberg (1805–1809)
  • Colonel Friedrich Franz von Ehrenstein (1810–1813)
  • Colonel Hanns August von Seydewitz (1819–1832)
  • Colonel Anton Ludwig Gustav Adolph von Zedlitz (1837–1845)
  • Colonel Friedrich Leopold von Heintz (1847)
  • Colonel Moritz Bernhard von Süßmilch-Hörnig (1850)
  • Colonel Eduard Christoph von Reitzenstein (1854–1860)
  • Colonel Hans Hermann Bruno von Hake (1863–1866)
  • Colonel August Emil Tauscher (1867)
  • Colonel Kurt Alexander von Elterlein (1870–1873)
  • Colonel Kurt Haubold von Einsiedel (1874–1875)
  • Colonel Karl Theodor von Winkler (1876–1878)
  • Colonel Anton Maria of Cerrini di Monte Varchi (1880)
  • Colonel Julius Oswald von Tschirschnitz (1882–1886)
  • Colonel Nikolaus Jürgen Melchior von Ißendorff (1888-1891)
  • Colonel Theodor Georg Louis Emil von Malortie (1892-1894)
  • Colonel Heinrich Moritz Spalteholz (1895–1898)
  • Colonel Eberhard Friedrich Oswald Wilhelm Freiherr von dem Bussche-Ippenburg (1899)
  • Colonel Karl Gebhard Adolf Hermann Richard von Laffert (1900–1903)
  • Colonel Heuser (1905)
  • Colonel Oeser (1906–1908)
  • Colonel von Gersdorff (1909 - December 15, 1912)
  • Colonel Rudolph Hammer (December 15, 1912 - December 24, 1914)
  • Colonel von der Foehr (December 24, 1914 - March 14, 1917)
  • Major von Pape (March 15, 1917 - November 30, 1917)
  • Major Crown Prince Georg of Saxony (November 30, 1917 - May 22, 1918)
  • Major von Pape (May 22, 1918 - March 31, 1919)

Insinuation

In 1914, at the beginning of the First World War, the regiment was subordinate to the following major units:

literature

  • Gülich, Wolfgang: The Saxon Army at the time of Napoleon , Sax-Verlag Beucha, Beucha 2006, ISBN 3-934544-77-0 .
  • Saxon. State Ministry of the Interior (Ed.): Saxon State Handbooks, 1728 to 1934 . digital reproduction, 2001.
  • Weber, Harald: From the history of Chemnitz and the surrounding area (1136–1871) . Publishing house for Saxon regional history, Burgstädt 2000, ISBN 3-9805106-3-8 .
  • Wolff, Ludwig : The Kgl. Saxon. 5th Infantry Regiment No. 104 "Kronprinz" , Verlag der Buchdruckerei der Wilhelm und Bertha v. Baensch Foundation, Dresden 1925.

Web links

Commons : Infantry Regiment "Kronprinz" (5th Royal Saxon) No. 104  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ticino 1986 vol. 1:40
  2. ↑ cf. List of the Electoral Saxon regiments of the early modern period
  3. ↑ Wolff, Ludwig: Das Kgl. Saxon. 5th Infantry Regiment No. 104 "Kronprinz" , Verlag der Buchdruckerei der Wilhelm und Bertha v. Baensch Foundation, Volume 1, Dresden 1925, p. 316
  4. ↑ Wolff, Ludwig: Das Kgl. Saxon. 5th Infantry Regiment No. 104 "Kronprinz" , Verlag der Buchdruckerei der Wilhelm und Bertha v. Baensch Foundation, Volume 3, Dresden 1928, p. 133
  5. ↑ cf. Former regiments from Electoral Saxony
  6. ↑ Old Chemnitz: Municipal and state institutions - barracks and military. Retrieved April 25, 2013 .