Camboulite
| Camboulite | ||
|---|---|---|
|
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| region | Occitania | |
| Department | Lot | |
| Arrondissement | Figeac | |
| Canton | Figeac-1 | |
| Community association | Grand Figeac | |
| Coordinates | 44 ° 36 ′ N , 1 ° 57 ′ E | |
| height | 177-312 m | |
| surface | 5.19 km 2 | |
| Residents | 257 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 50 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 46100 | |
| INSEE code | 46052 | |
 Church ruin |
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Camboulit is a French commune with 257 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) in the Lot department in the Occitanie region (before 2016: Midi-Pyrénées ). The municipality belongs to the arrondissement Figeac and the canton Figeac-1 (until 2015: canton Figeac-Ouest ).
According to Cassagne, the current name of the municipality comes from the Gallic cambo ( German curve ). It emerged from the form camb-ul-ittum . The two suffixes "ul" and "ittum" have a diminutive meaning, so that the form can be translated as "very small curve". Other theories by toponymists of the 19th century derived the name from the Latin campus bellitus ( German pretty, sunny field ), saw a foundation of the Gaul Cambolecti in the village or believed in a diminutive of the Occitan cambou ( German good earth ).
The inhabitants are called Camboulicois and Camboulicoises .
geography
Camboulit is located about seven kilometers west of Figeac in its catchment area ( Aire urbaine ) in the historic province of Quercy .
Camboulit is surrounded by the five neighboring communities:
| Cambes | Lissac-et-Mouret | |
| Boussac |
.svg)
|
Figeac |
| Béduer |
Camboulit is located in the catchment area of the Garonne River . The Célé , a tributary of the Lot , forms the natural border with the neighboring municipality of Béduer to the south. The Drauzou forms the natural border with the neighboring municipality of Figeac to the east.
Population development
After records began, the population rose to a peak of around 625 in the first half of the 19th century. In the following period, the size of the community fell to around 120 inhabitants with brief recovery phases until the 1960s, before a growth phase set in continues to this day.
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2006 | 2011 | 2017 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 145 | 121 | 134 | 199 | 221 | 206 | 235 | 264 | 257 |
Attractions
Former parish church of Saint-Martin
Most of the church building is believed to date from the second half of the 12th or the first half of the 13th century. In 1562 the church was handed over to the Protestant community. In the 17th century it was considered unused. Although a dating to the Middle Ages cannot be ruled out, the construction of the bell tower over the yoke of the choir and sometimes also of the low vault of the single-nave nave is assigned to the period in which the church was Protestant. The ruins were restored by the architect Henri Chaine between 1914 and 1915. In particular, the north wall of the nave, which had collapsed, was reconstructed.
The remnants of the building allow the church to be reconstructed with a semicircular apse attached to a straight yoke. Thin buttresses on the outside of the wall of the apse correspond to blind arcades on the inside with windows in between. You go outside to the cornice , the consoles of which are almost all without decoration. The capitals of the choir are also unadorned and smooth. Arcades in the form of pointed arches interrupt the side walls of the choir bay, which inevitably lead to passages to side chapels . The remains of the adjoining stone walls, however, speak a different language. They lead back to rooms that do not fit in their dimensions, and all traces of earlier vaults are missing.
The church ruin has been classified as a monument historique since August 1, 1912 .
Former parish church of Saint-Martin
View from the side through arcades
Interior view of the apse
.JPG)
Meulhac mansion
The permanent house belonged to the Cornély family until the French Revolution . Originally from the Rouergue , it settled in the Quercy around 1425 and in 1464 owned a quarter of the fiefdom of Camboulit. The Cornélys never lived on the property. It was occupied by farmers and hereditary tenants who worked the estate. During the revolution, the property was confiscated and auctioned off as a national property.
The building has preserved a polygonal chimney that could date from the 13th or 14th century. Most of the residential wing, however, does not date before the 17th century. This consists of several building parts, two rectangular and one round tower, each with different roof shapes. Remains of a tower are attached to an outbuilding to the east of the residential wing. The mansion is privately owned and not open to the public.
La Gache mansion
From the medieval castle only foundations and a few remnants that were built into the current building survived. The current building dates from the late 16th or early 17th century. In the 14th century the fief belonged to the Othon family, who had the castle built and fortified. In 1352 Louis Othon moved into the castle. His daughter Delphine inherited the fiefdom and married Pierre de Grammont, Seigneur of Camboulit. In 1425 she became a widow and experienced the resentment of the Signeurs von Béduer, who seized the land. It took 26 years for Delphine, who has since remarried to Guillaume de Lascazes, to regain her property. During the Huguenot Wars , La Gache remained in the possession of the Catholic Lascazes family, who opposed the Protestant Comely family, Seigneurs of Camboulit, by force. In 1573 Charles de Comély captured the castle and had it razed. After several bloody fights, the two families were reconciled, which was manifested in the marriage of Françoise de Lascazes to Marc de Comély in 1596. In 1634 Jean de Lascazes sold what was left of the previous castle to Jean Cassagne, citizen of Figeac. In 1683, the Gary family gained manorial power . A member of the family, an official of the king in the Sénéchaussée of Figeac, was still present in 1774. After the French Revolution, the property saw several changing owners.
The former castle and the current castle in the same place were built on a hill above the mouth of the Drauzou in the Célé. In the southwest, the house has a square wing made of regularly installed rubble stones with a walled-up window on the top floor with a lintel in the form of a three-pass . This part of the building could have been the tower of the medieval complex. The elongated northwest wing with masonry made of ashlar on its southeast side may come from the same period. The newly built parts of the building are made of rubble stones with gears made of ashlar. The two wings are connected by a narrow wing. This is preceded by a staircase with straight runs that opens to the courtyard.
Castle ruins
The tower of the now no longer existing residential building and some wall surfaces may belong to a first phase of construction, which dates from the 13th century and which can be ascribed to the Barasc or Cardaillac families. During the following centuries, no source proves the owner of the castle among the numerous co-seigneurs. A transverse floor window could prove a building project that took place in the 15th century, but undoubtedly after the end of the Hundred Years War . The only preserved tower of the curtain wall was not built before the 17th century. The residential buildings were demolished in the 1950s.
The exact location of the castle in the center of the community near the church can only be determined from a large vacant space and part of the curtain wall with a round corner tower in the north. The tower is reinforced with a loopholes with a keyhole. In the east, part of the ring wall made of ashlar has been preserved.
Laudamie Tower
It is located in the center of Camboulit. The shape of the twin windows on the top of four floors allows the tower to be built before the late 13th or early 14th century. The remaining windows and doors were used at a later date. The first, implicit mention of the building took place in 1380.
The tower was originally connected to a residential building on the south side, as can be seen from the attachments on the wall. The traces of formerly connected walls in the middle of the east facade belong to the first curtain wall of the fortified place. Originally there was probably no entrance on the ground floor. The ogival door on the north side with a smooth coat of arms on the keystone was added later. Traces of changes are visible at the entrance on the first floor on the same side of the building. There are three original entrances. One on the second floor on the east side led to the curtain wall of the curtain wall. The other two, whose function is unknown, are on the second and third floors of the west side.
Economy and Infrastructure
total = 25
traffic
Camboulit can be reached via routes départementales 18, 21, 41 and 802.
A line of the TER Occitanie , a regional train of the national SNCF , serves the route from Brive-la-Gaillarde to Figeac , which crosses the area of the municipality without a stop. The nearest train station is in Figeac.
Personalities
- Bertrand Augier de La Tour, born in Camboulit in 1265, died in Avignon in 1332 , was Cardinal and Minister General of the Franciscan Order .
- Guiral Ot or Gérald Othon, born in Camboulit in 1285, died in 1349, was Bishop of Catania , Latin Patriarch of Antioch on the Orontes and Minister General of the Franciscan Order.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Jean-Marie Cassagne: Villes et Villages en pays lotois ( fr ) Tertium éditions. S. 58. 2013. Accessed June 14, 2019.
- ↑ Lot ( fr ) habitants.fr. Retrieved June 13, 2019.
- ↑ Aire urbaine de Figeac (223) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved June 13, 2019.
- ↑ Ma commune: Camboulit ( fr ) Système d'Information sur l'Eau du Bassin Adour Garonne. Retrieved June 14, 2019.
- ↑ Notice Communale Camboulit ( fr ) EHESS . Retrieved June 13, 2019.
- ↑ Populations légales 2016 Commune de Camboulit (46052) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved June 13, 2019.
- ↑ Gilles Séraphin, Maurice SCELLES: église paroissiale Saint-Martin ( fr ) Départemental Lot. October 3, 2013. Retrieved June 14, 2019.
- ^ Ancienne chapelle Saint-Martin ( fr ) French Ministry of Culture . October 13, 2015. Accessed June 14, 2019.
- ↑ Gilles Séraphin, Maurice SCELLES: demeure: manor ( fr ) Départemental Lot. January 2, 2015. Accessed June 14, 2019.
- ↑ Manoir de Meulhac ( fr ) chateau-fort-manoir-chateau.eu. Retrieved June 14, 2019.
- ↑ Gilles Séraphin, Maurice SCELLES: manor ( fr ) Départemental Lot. January 2, 2015. Accessed June 14, 2019.
- ↑ Château de Lagache ( fr ) chateau-fort-manoir-chateau.eu. Retrieved June 14, 2019.
- ↑ Gilles Séraphin, Maurice Scellès: château fort ( fr ) Départementrat Lot. January 2, 2015. Accessed June 14, 2019.
- ↑ Gilles Séraphin, Maurice SCELLES: tour dite Tour de Laudamie ( fr ) Départemental Lot. January 2, 2015. Accessed June 14, 2019.
- ↑ Caractéristiques des établissements en 2015 Commune de Camboulit (46052) ( fr ) INSEE . Retrieved June 13, 2019.
- ↑ Bertrand de La Tour (1265? –1332?) ( Fr ) Bibliothèque nationale de France . Retrieved June 14, 2019.
- ↑ Guiral Ot (1285? –1349) ( fr ) Bibliothèque nationale de France . Retrieved June 14, 2019.