Gudniki (Korsze)

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Gudniki
Gudniki does not have a coat of arms
Gudniki (Poland)
Gudniki
Gudniki
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Warmia-Masuria
Powiat : Kętrzyn
Gmina : Korsze
Geographic location : 54 ° 6 '  N , 21 ° 9'  E Coordinates: 54 ° 6 '18 "  N , 21 ° 8' 50"  E
Residents : 63 (2011)
Postal code : 11-430
Telephone code : (+48) 89
License plate : NKE
Economy and Transport
Street : Ext . 590 : Biskupiec - Reszel ↔ Wandajny - Korsze - Barciany
Kraskowo → Gudniki
Trzeciaki → Gudniki
Rail route : no rail connection
Next international airport : Danzig



Gudniki ( German  Gudnick ) is a village in Poland in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship . It belongs to the Gmina Korsze ( urban and rural municipality Korschen ) in the powiat Kętrzyński ( Rastenburg district ).

Geographical location

The village in the municipality of Korsze (Korschen) is located about seven kilometers south of Korsze and 15 kilometers west of the district town of Kętrzyn ( German  Rastenburg ). The border with the Russian Kaliningrad Oblast ( Koenigsberg area ) runs about 25 kilometers north of Gudniki.

Autumn landscape near Gudniki
Old half-timbered building in Gudniki

history

Place name

The name is derived from the Prussian word "gudde" (bushes, bushes).

Local history

The village was probably founded around 1340 and 1427 as Godenick , and around 1785 as Gudnicken . In the second half of the 14th century, the brick church and stone residential buildings were probably built. The houses were rebuilt in 1731.

Until 1528 the village belonged to the parish Rößel ( Polish Reszel ), then to the now Lutheran parish Langheim (Polish Łankiejmy ). There was a brick factory in Gudnick . The estate was on the south bank of the pond .

In 1874 Gudnick was in the newly built office district Langheim ( Polish Łankijemy incorporated), which existed until 1945 and the county Rastenburg in the administrative district of Kaliningrad in the Prussian province of East Prussia belonged. Around 1903/1907 was Gutsbezirk Gudnick from parts of Gutsbezirks Langheim formed. The Gudnick manor district had 158 inhabitants alone in 1910, the village of Gudnick only 114.

On September 30, 1928, the rural community of Gudnick and the Gudnick manor district merged to form the new rural community of Gudnick.

In 1970 there was a primary school and a small library in the village. When the Gromadas were dissolved in 1972 , Gudniki became part of the Babieniec Schulzenamt (Babziens) in the municipality of Korsze. The village came to the Olsztyn Voivodeship in 1975 as a result of a nationwide administrative reform , after which Gudniki was part of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship from 1999.

Population numbers

year number
1817 226
1910 272
1933 259
1939 223
1970 100
2011 63

church

The church in Gudniki
Memorial to the Fallen 1914–1918
Cemetery chapel in Gudniki from the 18th century

Church building

The church dates from the 14th century. The first written mention dates back to 1483. The eastern part of the church is younger than the western part and dates to the 15th century. In 1626 the still preserved altar was erected. The church was extensively restored between 1731 and 1733. The southern vestibule was built, the curved gable was attached to the sacristy, the east and partially west gable were renewed and the wooden tower stump was erected. Further restorations took place in 1855, 1905 and 1924, which is noted on the east gable. The current pulpit was installed in 1656, the sound cover of the pulpit with its figures followed in 1740. Four years later the organ gallery was built. In 1927 the windows were widened. The folk painting of the inner beam ceiling was made in 1744 by Johann Jerusalem from Friedland .

One of the sights is the red marble grave slab for the Swedish doctor Johan Bernard Varnbagen . The slab from 1647 is on the south side of the church.

There is also a memorial for those who died in the First World War. The memorial bears the inscription Heilig is the memory of the fallen (sic!) Among them are the names of 17 fallen soldiers.

There is a cemetery chapel on Voivodship Street 590 , which dates from the 18th century. Here are the resting places of the von der Groeben family , the owners of the Łankiejmy (Langheim) estate .

The cemetery is in the southern part of the village on a small slope. It is partially surrounded by a wall. The oldest graves are those of the Ziegler family and the cross for F. Mulniera, a royal road builder .

Church / parish

There was already a church in Gudnick in the pre-Reformation period.

Evangelical

On June 10, 1528, the church in Gudnick was evangelical and connected with the church Langheim ( Polish Łankiejmy ). It was independent between 1692 and 1736, only to belong to Langheim again from 1736 to 1768 and from 1870 onwards. Both parishes were independent, but connected to one another. The parish was Langheim, which until 1945 belonged to the church district Rastenburg (Polish: Kętrzyn ) in the church province of East Prussia of the Church of the Old Prussian Union .

Today, the few Protestant residents living in Gudniki orient themselves towards the Johanneskirche parish in Kętrzyn within the Masurian diocese of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .

Catholic

Before 1945 there were relatively few Catholics in the Gudnick region. When the local church was given to the Lutherans in 1528 , they found their new ecclesiastical home in the parishes of Rößel ( Reszel in Polish ), Rastenburg ( Kętrzyn ) and Korschen ( Korsze ). After 1945, the number of Catholic church members rose rapidly due to the resettlement of Polish citizens. The previously evangelical church was then given to the Catholic Church. It became a branch church of the parish in Reszel ( German Rößel ) in the current Archdiocese of Warmia .  

traffic

Street

The busy Voivodship Road 590 leads through Gudniki from Barciany (Barten) via Korsze (Korschen) and Reszel (Rößel) to Biskupiec (Bishop's Castle) .

rail

About eight kilometers north of the village is Korsze (Korschen) , the nearest train station on the two railway lines Posen – Toruń – Korsze and Białystok – Ełk – Korsze .

air

The nearest international airport is Kaliningrad Airport, about 90 kilometers to the north, but it is located on Russian territory outside the European Union and can therefore only be used to a very limited extent.

On Polish territory, the Lech Wałęsa Airport in Gdansk, about 170 kilometers to the west, is the closest international airport. The Szczytno-Szymany airport is located about 60 kilometers south of Gudniki, but only in the summer months in operation.

literature

  • Tadeusz Swat: Dzieje Wsi . In: Aniela Bałanda and others: Kętrzyn. Z dziejów miasta i okolic . Pojezierze, Olsztyn 1978, pp. 188-189 ( Seria monografii miast Warmii i Mazur ).
  • Zofia Licharewa: Ketrzyn. Z dziejów miasta i powiatu . Pojezierze, Olsztyn 1962.
  • Tadeusz Korowaj in the Życie Kętrzyna magazine , ISSN  1425-0438 , No. 3/2000.

Web links

Commons : Gudniki im Powiat Kętrzyński  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Polish Postal Code Directory 2013, p. 346
  2. ↑ Przybytek, Rozalia, Hydronymia Europaea, place names of Baltic origin in the southern part of East Prussia, Stuttgart 1993, p. 83
  3. ↑ a b http://www.mitteleuropa.de/rastenburg1.htm
  4. ↑ Dietrich Lange, Geographical Location Register East Prussia (2005): Gudnick
  5. ↑ a b Rolf Jehke, Langheim district
  6. ↑ a b Uli Schubert, community register, Rastenburg district
  7. ↑ Tadeusz Swat, p. 189, in contradiction to this, same work p. 46, 256 inhabitants and 31 residential buildings are named here
  8. ^ A b Michael Rademacher, German-Austrian local book 1871-1910, Rastenburg district
  9. ^ Tadeusz Swat, p. 189
  10. ^ Wieś Gudniki w liczbach (Polish)
  11. ^ Website of the municipality . There may be a transcription error here and the inscription reads .. of the fallen .
  12. ↑ Friedwald Moeller, Old Prussian Evangelical Pastors' Book from the Reformation to the Expulsion in 1945 , Hamburg, 1968, pp. 50, 82