Garbno (Korsze)

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Garbno
Garbno does not have a coat of arms
Garbno (Poland)
Garbno
Garbno
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Warmia-Masuria
Powiat : Kętrzyn
Gmina : Korsze
Geographic location : 54 ° 8 '  N , 21 ° 17'  E Coordinates: 54 ° 7 '55 "  N , 21 ° 17' 1"  E
Residents : 741 (Oct. 8, 2004)
Postal code : 11-430
Telephone code : (+48) 89
License plate : NKE
Economy and Transport
Street : Ext. 592 : Giżycko - Kętrzyn ↔ Kraskowo - Łankiejmy - Barciany
Drogosze (Wilkowo Wielkie) / ext. 590 - Saduny → Garbno
Korsze - Olszynka - Warnikajmy → Garbno
Rail route : no rail connection
Next international airport : Danzig



Garbno ( German  Lamgarben ) is a village in Poland in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship in the urban and rural municipality of Korsze (Korschen) .

Geographical location

The town of Korsze is about ten kilometers northwest of the village. The Polish state border to the Russian Kaliningrad Oblast (Königsberg region) runs about 22 kilometers to the north . The smaller village of the same name Garbno (Laggarben ) in the municipality of Barciany (Barten) is about 20 kilometers north. It is eight kilometers to the south-east to the district town of Kętrzyn (Rastenburg) .

history

Local history

The first permanent settlement on the site of the former Lamgarben was built in 1328. At that time there was a game house of the Teutonic Order here . Next to this fortification was a settlement that was mentioned in 1339 as "Laumygarbis" and in 1419 as Lamegarben . In 1422 there was already a church, four jugs , a mill and ten farms in the village. After 1528, the parish of Lamgarben belonged to the villages of Schönfließ (now Kraskowo in Polish ) and Tolksdorf ( Tołkiny ).

In the 16th century the settlement belonged to Duke Albrecht I of Brandenburg-Ansbach , who lent it to Michael von Egloffstein . Then the von der Groeben became the owners of the place.

Agricultural property in Garbno

A new church was built between 1728 and 1732, which was badly damaged in a storm on January 17, 1818. The church tower collapsed and the roof was damaged. In 1824 the building was renovated.

On April 30, 1874 Lamgarben office Village was and thus its name to a newly built office district , which existed until 1945 and the county Rastenburg in the administrative district of Kaliningrad in the Prussian province of East Prussia belonged.

Agricultural buildings in Garbno

In 1880 Lamgarben became the property of the Boehm family when Otto Boehm received it as a wedding present at the wedding with Elisabeth. From 1911 the Schulze family was the owner, the Boehm family had left the place. The Schulzes mainly farmed horses and fattened pigs there.

After the Second World War , the village, called "Garbno" in Polish, became part of Poland and in 1954 briefly became the seat of a Gromada . On October 1, 1961, the first agricultural combine of the Olsztyn Voivodeship was founded in Garbno , one of the first in the socialist country. Today it is a village within the urban and rural municipality of Korsze (Korschen) in the powiat Kętrzyński ( Rastenburg district ), until 1998 the Olsztyn Voivodeship, since then the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship belongs.

Place name

The original Prussian name from 1339, Laumygarbis, is a combination of two words. The word garbis means hill, lauma 'fortune teller, witch' The name therefore means witch hill .

Population numbers

In 1817 there were 17 residential buildings in Lamgarben, in which 196 people lived. On October 8, 2004, 380 women and 361 men lived here.

year 1817 1939 1970 1996 2000
population 196 652 459 813 765

Lamgarben District (1874–1945)

When it was formed in 1874, the Lamgarben district consisted of nine places, in the end there were four due to structural changes:

Surname Polish name Remarks
Borschenen Borszyny
Duplicates Dubliny 1928 incorporated into the rural community of Lamgarben
Godocken Gudziki
Lamgarben Garbno
Mickelnick (noble ~) Stary Mikielnik 1928 incorporated into Bannaskeim
Sudden nod Płutniki 1901 reclassified to the Tolksdorf district
Podlacken Podławki
Sharp place Ostry Róg 1928 incorporated into Podlacken
Warning germ Warnikajmy 1928 incorporated into Seeligenfeld

On January 1, 1945 the administrative district Lamgarben still consisted of the communities Borschenen, Godocken, Lamgarben and Podlacken.

Culture and sights

Lamgarben Ordensburg

More than 100 years ago, on a hill near Lamgarben, which was commonly referred to as a hill , remains of the foundation of a fortification were found, which, according to the dimensions and floor plan, must have belonged to a “Wildhaus” (wooden castle) of the order. It was found out that the castle was built in 1328 and expanded around 1400 to a similar size as Bäslack Castle . In 1437 it was mentioned as a chamber office and probably completely destroyed in the city war (1454–1466) (according to another source on the same website: “After the occupation of these areas by the Teutonic Order, a Wildhaus was built here in 1328 was rebuilt into a brick fortified castle, which was destroyed during the 13 Years War, in the years 1454–1466. ")

It represented a link between the castles from Leunenburg to Rastenburg , which helped to colonize the wilderness that reached here at that time and to secure it militarily. When, after the successful completion of these measures, a new chain of castles was built further east from Angerburg to Johannisburg with the same goal, the Wildhaus in Lamgarben lost its importance and was even forgotten.

Probably after the Thirteen Years' War, the goods were merged into an estate. On February 24, 1521, the Grand Master of the Teutonic Order, Albrecht von Hohenzollern, transferred 14 hooves in Lamgarben to the knight Hieronim von Egloffstein due to debts under Magdeburg law with the obligation of knight service. The property remained in the possession of this family until 1832.

The castle / manor house in the village is said to have been built on the older foundations of a previous building.

manor

The manor house from the 19th century is well worth seeing. Since 1998 there has been a memorial plaque with a bilingual inscription on the house. In German it says: “Here lived and worked in the years 1880–1911, the founder of the rural women’s movement, Elisabet Boehm , geb. Tapestry. 100 years ago an idea matured here that today unites rural women all over the world. Garbno (Lamgarben) - 1998 ".

church

Church building

The church in Garbno

The church was originally built in the 14th century and rebuilt in 1728 and 1732. It was destroyed in World War II and then rebuilt. The church tower and the holy water font date from the 15th century.

Parish

Evangelical

Lamgarben was a church village as early as the pre-Reformation period. With the Reformation it became Protestant . The parish of Lamgarben had up to 20 villages and places in which in 1925 a total of 1,850 parishioners lived. Until 1945, the Lamgarben church belonged to the church province of East Prussia of the Church of the Old Prussian Union . Flight and expulsion of Germans from Central and Eastern Europe 1945–1950 put an end to the Protestant community in what is now called Garbno. Protestant residents living here today are oriented towards the St. John's Church in Kętrzyn in the Masuria diocese of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .

Catholic

Few Catholics lived in Lamgarben before 1945. Until 1945 they were incorporated into the Rastenburg parish in the Diocese of Warmia . The resettlement of new Polish citizens after 1945 made the number of Catholic residents in Garbno stronger, and an independent parish was formed here, which is subordinate to the current Archdiocese of Warmia . The parish, which is dedicated to the "Mother of God, Queen of Poland", also includes the branch church in Tołkiny (Tolksdorf) and the care of the prison in Dubliny (Dublien) .

Economy and Infrastructure

Streets

The Voivodship Road 592 , the former German Reichsstrasse 135 , runs through Garbno . This begins in Giżycko (Lötzen), about 35 kilometers away, and ends in Bartoszyce (Bartenstein), about just as far from Garbno . The street crosses Voivodship Street 590 , which connects Reszel (Rößel) and Korsze , among others .

rails

Garbno does not have a connection to rail traffic .

air

The nearest international airport on Polish territory is Gdansk Lech Wałęsa Airport , about 200 kilometers away. The geographically closer airport is Kaliningrad Airport about 80 kilometers to the north. However, this is located in the Russian Oblast Kaliningrad outside the European Union and can only be used to a very limited extent.

Personalities of the place

Native of the place

Connected to the place

literature

  • Tadeusz Swat: Dzieje Wsi . In: Aniela Bałanda u. a .: Kętrzyn. Z dziejów miasta i okolic . Pojezierze, Olsztyn 1978, pp. 172-174 (Seria monografii miast Warmii i Mazur) .

Web links

Commons : Garbno (Korsze)  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ korsze.pl ( Memento of the original from December 12, 2004 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.korsze.pl
  2. ↑ Polish Postal Code List 2013, p. 252 (PDF)
  3. ↑ Dietrich Lange, Geographical Location Register East Prussia (2005): Lamgarben
  4. ↑ a b Rolf Jehke, Lamgarben district
  5. ^ Tadeusz Swat, 1978, p. 173
  6. ↑ korsze.pl ( Memento of the original from March 8, 2005 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.korsze.pl
  7. ↑ For 1817, 1939 and 1990: Tadeusz Swat, 1978, pp. 173–174, for Dec. 31, 1996 and Dec. 31, 2000; korsze.pl ( Memento of the original from March 8, 2005 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.korsze.pl
  8. ↑ a b Garbno Manor. Retrieved May 24, 2018 .
  9. ^ Prominence in Lamgarben: Elisabet Boehm at ostpreussen.net
  10. ^ Church in Lamgarben at ostpreussen.net
  11. ↑ Walther Hubatsch : History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia. Volume 3: Documents. Göttingen 1968, p. 473
  12. ^ Parafia Garbno in the Archdiocese of Warmia