Infantry Regiment "Kronprinz" (5th Royal Saxon) No. 104
The infantry regiment "Kronprinz" (5th Royal Saxon) No. 104 was an infantry association of the electoral, later Royal Saxon Army . It was founded on December 7, 1701 as the "Count Beichlingen Infantry Regiment" during the reign of Elector Augustus the Strong and was disbanded on March 31, 1919 after the Saxon military autonomy was lost. The following numbering was subsequently introduced for the system: 1701/5 (to Ticino), Infantry Regiment No. 4 and Old Prussian Infantry Regiment S 56 (to Bleckwenn). On June 15, 1930, a memorial for the fallen soldiers of the regiment was inaugurated at the municipal cemetery in Chemnitz.
War missions
The Chemnitz Stammregiment was involved in the following wars and conflicts under various names until 1918 (excerpt):
General overview
Period | war | Remarks |
---|---|---|
1702 | Northern War | The regiment's baptism of fire at Klissow |
1714 | War of the Spanish Succession | against the Swedes |
1733-1735 | War of the Polish Succession | to preserve Saxony's claim to the Polish royal crown |
1741/42 | First Silesian War | on the side of Prussia against Austria; The regiment stormed the Karlstor in Prague on 25/26. November 1741 |
1746 | Second Silesian War | on the side of Austria against Prussia; the regiment fights, among other things, in the battles of Hohenfriedberg and Kesselsdorf |
1756 | Seven Years War | During the Seven Years' War the regiment on Lilienstein surrendered and was incorporated into the Prussian Army as an infantry regiment (S 56) . This led to massive desertion to Bohemia |
1794 | Reich execution | Participation in the execution of the Reich on the Rhine against France with the staff and the 1st battalion |
1806/1807 | Fourth coalition war | first on the side of Prussia against France (participation in the battle of Jena and Auerstedt ), later on the side of France against Prussia |
1809 | Fifth coalition war | on the side of France against Austria (including participation in the battle of Wagram ) |
1812/13 | Napoleon's Russian campaign | Surrender of the grenadier companies for Napoleon's Russian campaign, the regiment remains as a cover force in northern Germany |
1813-1815 | Wars of Liberation | The regiment is mostly wiped out in the battle near Lüneburg . Remnants of the regiment continue to fight alongside France as part of the newly formed 2nd provisional line infantry regiment. After the Battle of the Nations near Leipzig , the remnants of the regiment fight as the 2nd Line Infantry Regiment against France. The regiment then remained in France as an occupying force until 1816. |
1864 | German-Danish War | The regiment was involved in the assault on the Düppeler Heights on April 18, 1864 as part of an execution army of the German Confederation |
1866 | German war | against Prussia on the side of Austria (the German Confederation); Participation in the battle of Königgrätz |
1870/71 | Franco-German War | Participation in the battles at Gravelotte (St. Privat) and Sedan as well as the siege of Paris |
1914-1918 | First World War |
The losses of the regiment in the First World War
total | Officers | NCOs and men | |
---|---|---|---|
Like | 2,026 | 76 | 1,950 |
Missing | 2,274 | 13 | 2,261 |
Wounded | 7,306 | 191 | 7.115 |
captivity | 102 | 25th | 77 |
Total losses | 12,808 |
Note: The total losses are 1100 more than the sum of the individual losses. This is due to the fact that for the area of NCOs and men for the second deployment of the regiment during the summer battle (October 5 to November 5, 1916) only the total number of losses of 1100 is known.
Regimental names (excerpt)
Period | Regimental name | Remarks |
---|---|---|
from 1701 | Infantry Regiment " Graf Beichlingen " | |
around 1708 | Infantry Regiment " Graf Wackerbarth " | |
around 1735 | Infantry Regiment "du Caila" | |
until 1753 | Infantry Regiment "von Niesemeuschel" | |
1753-1763 | Infantry Regiment "Prince Friedrich August" | Old Prussian Regiment S 53: 1756 from Hanstein, 1757 from Minckwitz |
1763-1764 | Infantry regiment "Kurprinz" then "Kurfürst" | |
1764-1850 | Infantry Regiment " Prince Maximilian " | also:
|
1850-1867 | Infantry Brigade "Prince Maximilian" | Reclassification from infantry regiment to infantry brigade |
1867-1902 | 5. Kgl. Saxon. Infantry Regiment "Prinz Friedrich August" No. 104 | The "Prinz Maximilian" infantry brigade was reclassified to the 104 and 105 infantry regiments |
1903-1919 | 5. Kgl. Saxon. "Crown Prince" Infantry Regiment No. 104 |
Stationings
The "Maxer", as the soldiers of the regiment were called by the Chemnitz citizens, were stationed in Chemnitz again and again in the course of their existence. Until the middle of the 19th century, however, housing in barracks in today's sense was not the rule. Stationing therefore usually meant billeting in town houses. In order to reduce the associated burdens for the population, the individual battalions of the associations were often distributed over several cities. Only in 1877 was the regiment completely relocated to Chemnitz. The barracks, built in 1850, were located in front of the city gates on Zschopauer Straße. The regiment kept this garrison until its dissolution in 1919. The following table gives an overview of the stationing locations in the history of the unit (extract):
time | Garrison (s) |
---|---|
1716-1733 | Leipzig |
1735-1741 | Annaberg , Wolkenstein , Zschopau |
1763 | Chemnitz (staff), Annaberg, Mittweida , Oederan , Rochlitz , Zschopau |
1796 | Chemnitz (staff, 1st battalion), Annaberg (2nd battalion), Zschopau (grenadier companies) |
1810 | Chemnitz (staff, I. Btl), Zwickau (II. Btl), Freiberg (grenadiers) |
1819-1821 | Freiberg (Stab, I. Btl), Döbeln (II.Btl), Zwickau (III.Btl) |
1823-1828 | Freiberg (Stab, I. and III.Btl), Meißen (II.Btl) |
1832-1850 | Dresden (entire regiment) |
1850 | Chemnitz (three battalions), Schneeberg (one battalion) |
1860-1866 | Chemnitz (Stab, V. and VI. Btl), Marienberg (VII. Btl), Schneeberg (VIII. Btl) Note: Between 1850 and 1866 all Saxon battalions were numbered. The (Second) Infantry Brigade "Prince Maximilian" consisted of battalions five to eight. |
1867-1870 | Zwickau (Stab, I. and II. Btl), Schneeberg (III. Btl) |
1873-1877 | Zwickau (Stab, I. Btl), Plauen (II.Btl), Schneeberg (III.Btl) |
1877-1919 | Chemnitz (entire regiment) |
Regimental commanders (excerpt)
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Insinuation
In 1914, at the beginning of the First World War, the regiment was subordinate to the following major units:
-
XIX. (II. Royal Saxon) Army Corps with General Command in Leipzig
-
40th Division (4th Royal Saxon) with staff in Chemnitz
- 88th Infantry Brigade (7th Royal Saxon) with staff in Chemnitz
-
40th Division (4th Royal Saxon) with staff in Chemnitz
literature
- Gülich, Wolfgang: The Saxon Army at the time of Napoleon , Sax-Verlag Beucha, Beucha 2006, ISBN 3-934544-77-0 .
- Saxon. State Ministry of the Interior (Ed.): Saxon State Handbooks, 1728 to 1934 . digital reproduction, 2001.
- Weber, Harald: From the history of Chemnitz and the surrounding area (1136–1871) . Publishing house for Saxon regional history, Burgstädt 2000, ISBN 3-9805106-3-8 .
- Wolff, Ludwig : The Kgl. Saxon. 5th Infantry Regiment No. 104 "Kronprinz" , Verlag der Buchdruckerei der Wilhelm und Bertha v. Baensch Foundation, Dresden 1925.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Ticino 1986 vol. 1:40
- ↑ cf. List of the Electoral Saxon regiments of the early modern period
- ↑ Wolff, Ludwig: Das Kgl. Saxon. 5th Infantry Regiment No. 104 "Kronprinz" , Verlag der Buchdruckerei der Wilhelm und Bertha v. Baensch Foundation, Volume 1, Dresden 1925, p. 316
- ↑ Wolff, Ludwig: Das Kgl. Saxon. 5th Infantry Regiment No. 104 "Kronprinz" , Verlag der Buchdruckerei der Wilhelm und Bertha v. Baensch Foundation, Volume 3, Dresden 1928, p. 133
- ↑ cf. Former regiments from Electoral Saxony
- ↑ Old Chemnitz: Municipal and state institutions - barracks and military. Retrieved April 25, 2013 .