List of rivers in Poland
The list of rivers in Poland lists rivers, smaller rivers and canalized waters that run on the territory of Poland . The letters R and L denote the side of the inflow to the right and left of the source, respectively .
River systems
In the country's largest river systems , the Vistula and the Oder, there is a clear asymmetry of the catchment areas. The left tributaries are significantly less long and watery than the right ones. The area ratio between the left and right side of the catchment areas is 27:73 for the Vistula and 30:70 for the Oder. The main reason for this lies in the multiple overlaps by northern European inland ice during the Quaternary . In front of the changing positions of the ice edge, the rivers were pushed to the side, where they mainly found an outflow to the west and thereby formed valleys that were preserved even after the ice melted and provided many drainage lines.
The river network in Poland is quite dense, but irregular. In the highlands of the Carpathians (Polish: Karpaty ) and the Sudetes (Polish: Sudety ) it can be up to four times denser than in the lowlands, where rainfall is lower and the soils are mostly more permeable. But also in the lowlands, the soil permeability and thus the water density varies greatly. The water network is denser in lowlands close to the groundwater and above loamy ground moraine areas .
Due to the low tidal range in the Baltic Sea, the larger rivers flow into a river delta . The main estuary of the Oder through the spit of the Oderhaff , the Swine , has also formed a rear delta .
Hydrological characteristics
The rivers in Poland are mainly fed by precipitation water such as snow and rain, less often by deep water. The runoff and thus the water levels vary depending on the climatic and topographical conditions of the catchment areas. The smallest fluctuations in water levels are found in lake areas, the largest in mountain rivers such as the Dunajec , where they can reach 9 to 10 meters.
Most of Poland's rivers freeze over in winter; in the west for about a month and in the east up to three months. As a rule, there are two flood times: With the melting of the snow cover in spring between February and April, and in the summer months of June and July due to heavy rainfall in the mountains. There is low water especially in early autumn. On the Baltic Sea coast, storms can also push the water inland and cause flooding.
Drainage areas
The rivers belong to the catchment area of the Baltic Sea , the Black Sea and the North Sea . Proportionally they drain:
- 99.7% in the Baltic Sea:
- next to it into the Black Sea:
- and in the North Sea:
List of major rivers in Poland
River name (Polish) |
River name (German) |
Length (in km) |
Length on Polish territory |
Catchment area (in km²) |
Catchment area on Polish territory (in km²) |
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Wisła | Vistula | 1047 | 1047 | 194 424 | 168 699 |
2 | Odra | Or | 854 | 742 | 118 861 | 106 058 |
3 | Warta | Warta | 808 | 808 | 54 529 | 54 529 |
4th | Bug | Bug | 772 | 587 | 39 420 | 19 284 |
5 | Narew | 484 | 448 | 75 175 | 53 873 | |
6th | San | Saan | 443 | 443 | 16 861 | 14 390 |
7th | Noteć | Networks | 391 | 391 | 17 330 | 17 330 |
8th | Pilica | Pilitza | 319 | 319 | 9273 | 9273 |
9 | Wieprz | Wieprz | 303 | 303 | 10 415 | 10 415 |
10 | Bóbr | Bober | 272 | 270 | 5876 | 5830 |
11 | Łyna | All | 264 | 190 | 7126 | 5719 |
12 | Nysa Łużycka | Lusatian Neisse | 252 | 198 | 4297 | 2197 |
13 | Wkra | Neide / Soldau | 249 | 249 | 5322 | 5322 |
14th | Dunajec | Dunajez / Dunajetz | 274 | 247 | 6804 | 4852 |
15th | Brda | Brahe | 238 | 238 | 4627 | 4627 |
16 | Prosna | Prosna | 217 | 217 | 4925 | 4925 |
17th | Drwęca | Drewenz | 207 | 207 | 5344 | 5344 |
18th | Wisłok | White locomotive | 205 | 205 | 3528 | 3528 |
19th | Wda | Black water | 198 | 198 | 2325 | 2325 |
20th | Drawa | Drage | 186 | 186 | 3296 | 3296 |
21st | Nysa Kłodzka | Glatzer Neisse | 182 | 182 | 4566 | 3744 |
22nd | Poprad | Popper | 170 | 63 | 2077 | 0483 |
23 | Pasłęka | Passarge | 169 | 169 | 2294 | 2294 |
24 | Rega | Rega | 168 | 168 | 2725 | 2725 |
25th | Bzura | 166 | 166 | 7788 | 7788 | |
26th | Wisłoka | Wittewater | 164 | 164 | 4110 | 4110 |
27 | Obra | 164 | 164 | 2758 | 2758 | |
28 | Lega | Lega | 157 | 157 | 1016 | 1016 |
29 | Biebrza | Bober | 155 | 155 | 7057 | 7051 |
30th | Nida | Nida | 151 | 151 | 3865 | 3865 |
31 | Gwda | Küddow | 145 | 145 | 4943 | 4943 |
32 | Wieprza | Rocker | 140.3 | 140.3 | 2170 | 2170 |
33 | Barycz | Bartsch | 139 | 139 | 5526 | 5526 |
34 | Parsęta | Persante | 139 | 139 | 3151 | 3151 |
35 | Słupia | Stumble | 138.6 | 138.6 | 1620 | 1620 |
36 | Kamienna | Kamienna | 138 | 138 | 2008 | 2008 |
37 | Ner | Ner | 134 | 134 | 1866 | 1866 |
38 | Mała Panew | Malapane | 132 | 132 | 2132 | 2132 |
39 | Raba | Raba | 132 | 132 | 1537 | 1528 |
40 | Wierzyca | heel | 130 | 130 | 1600 | 1600 |
41 | Ina | Him | 126 | 126 | 2151 | 2151 |
Rivers with runoff into the Baltic Sea
Catchment area of the Vistula
A large number of rivers lead into the Vistula. All rivers are listed in the article Vistula River System , pl. Wistula, recorded.
Catchment area of the Oder
The list only includes tributaries of the Oder that - even partially - run on Polish territory. Further inflows are in the Czech Republic and Germany. The order is given downstream.
R / L | Tributary Polish name | Tributary German name | Length in km | Catchment area in km² | mean discharge in m³ / s | Geographical data of the estuary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
L. | Bełk | Belk | ||||
L. | Przykopa | 19.2 | ||||
L. | Psina | Zinna | 50 | |||
L. | Osobłoga | Hotzenplotz | 65.5 | |||
L. | Nysa Kłodzka | Glatzer Neisse | 195 | |||
L. | Oława | Ohle | 91.7 | 1167.4 | ||
L. | Ślęza | Tan | 72 | |||
L. | Bystrzyca Świdnicka | Schweidnitz Weistritz | 95.2 | 1768 | ||
L. | Kaczawa | Katzbach | 98 | 2500 | ||
L. | Bóbr | Bober | 268 | 5882 | ||
L. | Nysa Łużycka | Lusatian Neisse | 254 | 4297 | ||
L. | Gunica | Aalbach | 32 | |||
R. | Olza | Olsa | 99 (86.2) | 1118 | 10 | |
R. | Ruda | Mange | 50 | |||
R. | Bierawka | Biravka | ||||
R. | Kłodnica | Klodnitz | ||||
R. | Mała Panew | Malapane | ||||
R. | Widawa | pasture | ||||
R. | Barycz | Bartsch | ||||
R. | Pliszka | Pleiske | ||||
R. | Ilanka | Eilank | ||||
R. | Warta | Warta | ||||
R. | Myśla | Rent | ||||
R. | Kurzyca | Kuritz | ||||
R. | Rurzyca | Röhrike | ||||
R. | Tywa | Thue | ||||
R. | Ina | Him |
Catchment area of the Memel
To the river system of the Memel (Polish Niemen ), which itself does not touch Polish territory, belong
- L Czarna Hańcza
- L Marycha
Direct discharge into the Baltic Sea
- Stary Zdrój (also Kanał Zdrojowy - backwater )
-
Rega
- L Kanał Włodarka
- Błotnica ( Spiebach )
- Parsęta ( Persante )
- Malechowska Struga (runoff of the Solne Bagno wetland near Kołobrzeg )
- Czerwona ( bliss )
- Jamieński Nurt (drain near Mielno )
- Kanał Szczuczy (drain near Dąbkowice )
- Martwa Woda ( Dead Water )
- Wieprza ( Wipper )
- Kopań ( Vitter Lake ), an elongated beach or inland lake
- Głównica ( Glawitz or Steinglawnitz )
- Potynia ( Potene )
- Czarna
- Słupia ( Stolpe )
- Orzechowa ( Freichower Bach )
-
Łupawa ( Lupow )
- L Bukowina ( Buckowin )
-
Łeba ( Leba )
- R Chełst
- Lubiatówka
- Bezimienna
- Piaśnica
- Czarna Woda
- Płutnica
- Kanał Żelistrzewo
- Gizdepka
- Canal Mrzezino
- Reda
- Zagórska Struga
- Kanał Leniwy
- Chylonka
- Kacza ( large beer lots )
- Potok Kolibkowski (also Kolibianka)
- Swelina ( Grenzbach or Menzelbach )
- Kamienny Potok
- Potok Karlikowski (also Potok Świemirowski)
- Potok Oliwski (also Radosna Struga - German Glettkaubach )
Indirect runoff into the Baltic Sea
The spits of the compensation coast have cut off several inner coastal waters through which other rivers reach the Baltic Sea.
over the Szczecin Lagoon :
- Karwia Struga
- Pleśnica ( Plinz Graben )
- Krampa
- Karpina ( Karpiner Bach )
- Gowienica ( Hufnitz or Gubenbach )
- Łącki Rów
- Canal Czarnociński
- Śmieciowy Canal
- Kanał Torfowy
about the Świna :
via the Dziwna ( Dievenow ):
- Szczuczyna ( Pike Trench )
- Kurawa ( Kurow )
- Lewieńska Struga ( Lauenscher Bach )
- Skarchówka ( Scharchow Bach )
- Dusinka ( Düssiner Bach ) ( Wołczenica German Völzer Bach )
- Świniec ( Schwenzer Bach )
About the Fresh Lagoon (Zalew Wiślany):
Rivers with outflow in the Black Sea
Across the Dniestr ( Dniester )
Across the Danube
-
Orava
- Czarna Orawa (Slovak.Cierna Orava )
Rivers with runoff into the North Sea
Over the Elbe
- R Izera
- R Dzika Orlica ( Wild Eagle , in the upper reaches of Erlitz )
- R Szkło
- R Czermnica ( Tscherbeeyer Wasser or from 1937–1945 Grenzcker Wasser )
Web links
- List of rivers in Poland ( Wykaz nazw wód płynących ) (Polish / English)
- Interactive map with the (most important) rivers in Poland
- Water levels at the measuring stations on Polish rivers
- List of place and water name changes from German into Polish from 1948 - publication of the Polish digital file archive [PDF; 2.4 MB]
Individual evidence
- ↑ www.jezioro.com.pl ( Memento of the original of July 26, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Map of Cammin (today Kamień Pomorski ) and the surrounding area ( memento of the original from March 5, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. in the digital archive of the University of Greifswald