Sonbhadra

Sonbhadra District सोनभद्र जिला
State	Uttar Pradesh
Division :	Mirzapur
Administrative headquarters :	Robertsganj
Area :	6905 km²
Residents :	1,862,559 (2011)
Population density :	270 inhabitants / km²
Website :	sonbhadra.nic.in

The Sonbhadra district ( Hindi : सोनभद्र Sonbhadra [ ˈsoːnbʱʌdrʌ ]; also Sonebhadra ) is a district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh . The administrative center is the town of Robertsganj . The district takes its name from the river Son .

geography

The Sonbhadra district is located in the extreme southeast of Uttar Pradesh on the border with the four neighboring states of Bihar , Jharkhand , Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh . Neighboring districts are Mirzapur in the northwest, Chandauli in the north (both Uttar Pradesh), Kaimur (Bihar) in the northeast, Garhwa (Jharkhand) in the east, Surguja (Chhattisgarh) in the south and Singrauli (Madhya Pradesh) in the west. The Sonbhadra District belongs to the Mirzapur Division and is divided into the three Tehsils Dudhi, Ghorawal and Robertsganj.

Forest landscape in Sonbhadra (view from Vijaygarh fortress )

With an area of ​​6905 km² Sonbhadra is the second largest district in Uttar Pradesh. While most of Uttar Pradesh lies in the Ganges plain , the Sonbhadra district already belongs to the higher-lying Vindhya plateau . The northern part of the district is a fairly flat plateau. To the south of it, the Kaimur mountain range runs across the district. To the south, the Kaimur Mountains drop abruptly into the deeply cut valley of the Son River , which flows through the district from west to east. The area south of the Son is hilly and is traversed by the Rihand , a tributary of the Son. The Rihand on the border with Madhya Pradesh reservoir Govind Ballabh Pant Sagar is dammed by a dam. With an area of ​​468 square kilometers, this is the largest reservoir in northern India.

While the northern plateau is used for agriculture, the hilly areas on both sides of the Son are still densely forested. In total, more than half of the district area consists of forests.

history

Sonbhadra has existed as an independent district since 1989. Previously, the area was part of the Mirzapur district .

population

According to the 2011 census, the Sonbhadra district has 1,862,559 inhabitants. Due to the geographical conditions, the district is far less populated than the rest of Uttar Pradesh: With 270 inhabitants per square kilometer, the population density is the second lowest of the districts of Uttar Pradesh and is well below the state average of 829 inhabitants per square kilometer. Between 2001 and 2011, the population grew by 24 percent. 17 percent of the district's residents live in cities. The degree of urbanization is thus lower than the state average (22 percent). The literacy rate is low at 64 percent and is still below the already low mean value in Uttar Pradesh (68 percent).

According to the 2001 census, a good 130,000 members of the Adivasi people of the Gond live in the Sonbhadra district . In Uttar Pradesh these are not counted as tribal people ( scheduled tribe ) in the population statistics , but as lower caste ( scheduled caste ). Unlike other Gond groups, the Gonds in Sonbhadra have given up their own language and speak the majority language Hindi .

According to the 2001 census , Hindus make up the vast majority of the residents of the Sonbhadra district, at 94 percent. There is also a small Muslim minority of just over five percent.

Cities

city	Population (2001)
Anpara	22,385
Bijpur	9,232
Chopan	12,131
Churk Ghurma	8,685
Dudhi	11.606
Ghorawal	6,478
Jamshila	10,270
Khariya	9,836
Kota	13,544
Obra	52,398
Parasi	21,203
Pipri	13,213
Renukoot	53,524
Robertsganj	32.209

Individual evidence

1. ^ Sonbhadra District website: Forest & Environment . ( Memento of the original from August 20, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
2. ↑ Census of India 2011: Primary Census Abstract - Uttar Pradesh (PDF; 1.7 MB).
3. ^ Census of India 2001: Basic Data Sheet. District Sonbhadra (70), Uttar Pradesh (09). (PDF; 53 kB)
4. ↑ Census of India 2001: Population, population in the age group 0-6 and literates by sex - Cities / Towns (in alphabetic order) ( Memento from June 16, 2004 in the Internet Archive )

Web links

Commons : Sonbhadra district  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Sonbhadra District website