Donzdorf
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Coordinates: 48 ° 41 ' N , 9 ° 49' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Baden-Württemberg | |
| Administrative region : | Stuttgart | |
| County : | Goeppingen | |
| Height : | 407 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 39.82 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 10,682 (Dec. 31, 2018) | |
| Population density : | 268 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 73072 | |
| Area code : | 07162 | |
| License plate : | GP | |
| Community key : | 08 1 17 015 | |
| LOCODE : | DE DZD | |
City administration address : |
Castle 1–4 73072 Donzdorf |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Martin Stölzle | |
| Location of the city of Donzdorf in the district of Göppingen | ||
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Donzdorf is a town in the Göppingen district in Baden-Württemberg . It belongs to the Stuttgart region (until 1992 the Middle Neckar region ) and the peripheral zone of the European metropolitan region of Stuttgart .
geography
Geographical location
Donzdorf is located in a side valley of the Filstal at an altitude of 334 to 749 meters (highest point: Messelberg ), about 12 km from the district town of Göppingen .
City structure
The formerly independent communities Reichenbach unter Rechberg and Winzingen belong to Donzdorf. The municipality of Donzdorf within the limits of December 31, 1973 includes the town of Donzdorf, the hamlets of Berghof, Grünbach, Hagenbuch, Hochberg, Kuchalb and Unterweckerstell, the Messelhof, Oberweckerstell, Rindersteig, Scharfenhof, Schmelzofen and Vogelhof farms and the Hagenbucher Mühle, Hürbelsbach houses , Immenreute, Lautergarten and Steinernes Kreuz as well as the abandoned village of Klingenhof . The former municipality of Reichenbach unter Rechberg includes the village of Reichenbach unter Rechberg, the hamlets Aichhöfle and Birkhof, the farms Bäuerleshof, Böppeleshof, Bühlhof, Dangelhof, Feldhöfle, Haldenhof, Hasenhof, Ilgenhof, Kratzerhof, Lauxenhof, Schattenhof, Schillingshof, Stappenhof, Staudenhof , Strietmühle, Täscherhof, Weberhäusle and Zirschberg, Ramsberg Castle and Hof and the Messenhalden house and the abandoned village of Zimmerhöfle. The village of Winzingen belongs to the former municipality of Winzingen.
Division of space
According to data from the State Statistical Office , as of 2014.
history
Until the 18th century
The area around Donzdorf was settled early on. In 1964 an old Alemanni cemetery was uncovered. More than 100 graves from the period between 600 and 700 AD were counted. In a woman's grave valuable burial objects were found, which on the one hand point to trade with Northern Europe and an Alemannic seat.
In 1275 Donzdorf was first mentioned in the tithe tax list of the Diocese of Constance . In this document, however, the parish at that time was still called Tunesdorf. In the post-Hohenstaufen period, a power struggle over Donzdorf developed between the Counts of Helfenstein and the Lords of Rechberg , which the Rechbergers ultimately won. From the Scharfenschloss they determined the fate of the village.
The economic situation of the village developed very well in the 15th century. The need for Donzdorf sandstone was great. In addition to many construction sites in the vicinity, even the Ulm Minster construction site was extensively supplied with this special Donzdorf stone, which was easy to work with and yet resilient due to its high iron content.
Around 1478 the Lords of Rechberg erected an imposing building in the village, which was probably used for their administration. A short time later work began on the Gothic church of St. Martinus. The patron saint had an altar made for this by the famous Ulm artist Bartholomäus Zeitblom , whose panels can now be seen in the Würth Collection in the Johanniterkirche Schwäbisch Hall .
In 1568 Hans von Rechberg built today's Donzdorf Palace in the Renaissance style. From this time the village developed into a residence with a differentiated craft. In the first half of the 18th century, Donzdorf was only a secondary residence and was even sold to the Duchy of Württemberg in 1735. In 1745 Maria Theresia von Rechberg bought back the Wuerttemberg share in Donzdorf with the castle and established herself here with her children. From 1768 onwards, her son expanded Donzdorf Palace into his main residence and had the baroque palace garden laid out based on the French model.
19th and 20th centuries
With the mediatization of the imperial knights' estates in 1803, Donzdorf fell to the Electorate of Bavaria . The then son of the ruler and high-ranking Bavarian diplomat, Aloys von Rechberg , had exhausted all of his possibilities to achieve this result.
It was not until the border treaty of 1810 between the kingdoms of Württemberg and Bavaria that Donzdorf finally fell to Württemberg.
In the course of the implementation of the new administrative structure in Württemberg , Donzdorf was assigned to the Geislingen District Office. During the administrative reform during the Nazi era in Württemberg , Donzdorf came to the district of Göppingen on April 25, 1938. In 1945 the place became part of the American zone of occupation and thus belonged to the newly founded state of Württemberg-Baden , which was incorporated into the current state of Baden-Württemberg in 1952.
On May 1, 1976, the municipality of Donzdorf was granted city rights. After Reichenbach was incorporated under Rechberg and Winzingen, Donzdorf had the population of over ten thousand people assumed for a town.
Natural stone
An art-historically significant rock deposit, the Donzdorf sandstone , is named after the town of Donzdorf. Numerous structures in and around Donzdorf and beyond are built from this sandstone in Baden-Württemberg . In Ulm Minster, for example, the cross ribs in the central nave, the window reveals and the wall of the nave leading to the choir are made of Donzdorf sandstone. Its golden yellow color gives the illusion of sun rays and bright light entering the church even on overcast days. The building material was dismantled below the striking Messelberg near the former Berghof.
The Donzdorf sandstone served another purpose. When, after the end of the Spanish War of Succession, the population of the Donzdorf rulership was completely impoverished, the ruler Count Franz Albrecht von Rechberg agreed to the plan of his governor Johann Benedikt Jehlin to build a furnace between Donzdorf and Unterweckerstell in the Simonsbach valley. Jehlin had obtained several reports on the Donzdorf iron sandstone, which attested it had an iron content of 35 to 42% and rated its quality higher than that of Wasseralfingen .
Jehlin carefully planned and calculated his smelting plant: he had a first dam built on the Simonsbach, then the charcoal burning, stamping mill and smelter followed. The coal and the necessary wood were imported. A total of 80 people found work in this plant. After initially considerable success, the problems of this company became apparent very quickly. Jehlin had too little capital and had to borrow large sums. The company finally went bankrupt in the mid-1730s. Jehlin was captured and sentenced.
Nevertheless, this melting furnace has its own historical value - it is the oldest early industrial company in the Göppingen district. After its economic decline, the melting furnace was converted into a farm that still bears the house name 'melting furnace' today.
Incorporations
On January 1, 1974 Reichenbach was incorporated under Rechberg and on January 1, 1975 Winzingen was incorporated into Donzdorf.
Coats of arms of the incorporated communities
Reichenbach under Rechberg
Winzingen
Population development
Source: Baden-Württemberg State Statistical Office for data from 1961
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politics
Municipal council
In Donzdorf the municipal council is elected according to the procedure of the false sub-district election. The number of local councils can change due to overhang mandates . The municipality council in Donzdorf has 22 members after the last election (2014: 23). The local elections on May 26, 2019 led to the following final result. The municipal council consists of the elected voluntary councilors and the mayor as chairman. The mayor is entitled to vote in the municipal council.
| Parties and constituencies |
% 2019 |
Seats 2019 |
% 2014 |
Seats 2014 |
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| CDU | Christian Democratic Union of Germany | 40.09 | 9 | 50.64 | 12 | |
| FW | Free Voters' Association Donzdorf eV | 29.39 | 6th | 34.91 | 8th | |
| SPD | Social Democratic Party of Germany | 9.27 | 2 | 14.44 | 3 | |
| GREEN | ALLIANCE 90 / THE GREENS | 17.72 | 4th | - | - | |
| FDP | Free Democratic Party | 3.54 | 1 | - | - | |
| total | 100.0 | 22nd | 100.0 | 23 | ||
| voter turnout | 63.32% | 49.55% | ||||
coat of arms
The blazon of the coat of arms reads:
"Under the golden head of a shield, in it a walking lion, in red three five-pointed golden stars (2: 1)."
The city coat of arms goes back to a seal of the Donzdorf district bailiff Dangelmaier from 1773. The lion and the colors of the coat of arms indicate the Counts von Rechberg , whose residence is Donzdorf to this day. The coat of arms was adopted in 1932, the yellow-red flag derived from it was awarded on February 18, 1959 by the Ministry of the Interior.
Town twinning
Sister cities are the French city of Riorges and Neusalza-Spremberg in Upper Lusatia . In 2011 a partnership was established with the Spanish city of Calasparra .
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
Donzdorf is connected to the national road network by the federal highway 466 ( Süßen - Nuremberg ). Since July 12, 2010 you can bypass Donzdorf via a bypass road.
In 1901 the place was connected to the Filstalbahn Stuttgart – Ulm by the Lautertalbahn . The Royal Württemberg State Railways built the station building as a type IIIb unit station . Passenger traffic ended in 1980, freight traffic in 1995. Today the former train station is used as a bistro and café.
Above the city on the Messelberg is the Donzdorf airfield , which is mainly used by gliders and smaller motorized pilots, but also paragliders and hanggliders.
Established businesses
The most important employers in Donzdorf are Michael Hörauf Maschinenfabrik GmbH & Co. KG and Stahlbau Wendeler GmbH + Co. KG. In addition, the heavy metal label Nuclear Blast is based in Donzdorf, which according to its own information is the second largest business tax payer in the area.
education
In addition to the Rechberg grammar school named after the Counts of Rechberg , whose catchment area is the entire Lautertal, there is a community school and a primary school in Donzdorf . There are further primary schools in the districts of Reichenbach and Winzingen.
In addition, the Messelberg observatory is located in Donzdorf , which is run by Sternfreunde Donzdorf e. V. is operated.
Culture and sights
Buildings
- The former castle of the Counts von Rechberg and Rothenlöwen is now the town hall of Donzdorf. The castle was built in 1568 by Hans von Rechberg zu Hohenrechberg zu Illereichen-Scharfenberg. It stood completely free in the manner of a moated castle that was popular at the time.
In the immediate vicinity was the so-called 'Old Castle', a half-timbered building from around 1478, which had probably originally served as an administrative building. In 1756, the elongated utility building was built, which today houses a kindergarten and the volunteer fire department. When the young ruler Maximilian Emanuel von Rechberg married Countess Walburga von Sandizell in 1764, the young couple chose Donzdorf Castle as their residence. They designed these in the Rococo style.
In the 19th century, the existing individual buildings were merged into an optical unit in several stages. First Rentamt (1843) and Oberrentamt (1857) were built between the Old Castle and the portal, then Ludwig Friedrich Gaab designed the courtyard facade in the historicism style from 1853 to 1856 and finally the Renaissance building was built in 1888/89 with the so-called kitchen construction with the Connected old lock.
Parks
In 1768 Maximilian Emanuel von Rechberg had several plans drawn up for the new palace garden. The famous Munich builder François de Cuvilliés designed an opulent baroque garden, which he even had copied as a copperplate. But in the end Maximilian Emanuel decided on the design by a Stuttgart architect. Work began in 1769, and the shape was gradually becoming apparent as early as 1770. During the famine years of 1771 and 1772, work was largely suspended. Only in the second half of the 1770s did work on the geometric garden based on the French model continue. Contemporaries regarded the many fountains as a special feature, which made comparisons with a garden near Salzburg. At times, the nearby Feuersee was also included in the garden design as a bathing refuge.
The park was converted to its present form as an English landscape garden at the beginning of the 19th century . Nevertheless, on closer inspection, the old baroque structure extending over three levels is still clearly recognizable.
Natural monuments
- Simonsbachstausee , a flood retention basin and natural paradise
- Lauter waterfall below the city (height: 7 m; see also list of waterfalls in Germany )
- Messelstein am Messelberg
Carnival
Donzdorf is one of the centers of the Fasnet in the Göppingen district. The time of November 11th and Ash Wednesday is characterized by many events such as the jester's mass, town hall storm, fool's jump, jester's court, ceremonial meetings and the annual highlight, the large carnival parade on Carnival Sunday. There are several fools' guilds, Guggen music bands and similar associations. Due to the hustle and bustle in the city and almost the same degree of latitude, Donzdorf is also called "Little Paris" during the carnival season. Since 2016, an annual session has been broadcast live on SWR television in the Donzdorf town hall .
Personalities
Honorary citizen
- Otto Maier
- Hermann Seimetz (* 1938), politician
sons and daughters of the town
- Hans von Donzdorf, stonemason and master builder, 2nd half of the 15th century, worked in the Esslingen and Stuttgart area
- Johann Rudolf von Rechberg (1606–1660), prince provost, administrator of the Augsburg bishopric
- Alois Merz (1727–1792), 1744 novice with the Jesuits in Landberg am Lech, studied in Ingolstadt, teaching and preaching in Freiburg / Br., Doctorate and professorship for philosophy. Esteemed pulpit speaker, cathedral preacher in Augsburg from autumn 1763–1785, one of the most famous German controversial theologians
- Clemens Hummel (1869–1938), architect and technical school teacher
- Maximilian Emanuel von Rechberg (1736–1819), Bavarian. Obersthofmeister, donor of the Nenninger Pietà by Ignaz Günther , donor of the French garden at Donzdorf Palace
- Aloys von Rechberg (1766–1849), Bavarian diplomat and foreign minister
- Joseph Maria von Rechberg (1769–1833), Bavarian lieutenant general and envoy to Berlin, Maltese knight, art collector
- Carl Maria von Rechberg (1775–1847), chief steward to King Ludwig I of Bavaria, art collector and patron, ethnologist and author
- Anton von Rechberg (1776–1837), Bavarian general and court master
- Franz Anton Staudenmaier (1800–1856), Catholic theologian
- Otto von Rechberg (1833–1918), registrar of the kingdoms of Bavaria and Württemberg, from 1899 to 1910 President of the Württemberg Chamber of Notaries
- Albrecht von Stotzingen (1864–1938), baron and member of the First Chamber of the Baden Estates Assembly
- Beat Reiser (1880–1940), philosopher
- Theodor Zeller (1900–1986), painter and graphic artist
- Gabriele Miller (1923–2010), born in the district of Winzingen, Roman Catholic theologian
- Bruno Schmid (* 1944), Roman Catholic theologian and university professor
People in connection with Donzdorf
- Andreas Geiger (* 1969), film director
literature
- Bernardin Schellenberger : This is how our ancestors lived. The history of Winzingen and the surrounding area. Volume I: From the beginning until 1736. Konrad, Weißenhorn 1995, without ISBN.
- Bernardin Schellenberger: This is how our ancestors lived. The history of Winzingen and the surrounding area. Volume II: 736-1900. Anton H. Konrad Verlag, Weißenhorn 2010. ISBN 978-3-87437-549-8
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
- ^ The state of Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality. Volume III: Stuttgart District, Middle Neckar Regional Association. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1978, ISBN 3-17-004758-2 , pp. 293-296.
- ↑ State Statistical Office, area since 1988 according to actual use for Donzdorf.
- ↑ Handbook of German Art Monuments - Baden-Württemberg I ed. v. Georg Dehio, arr. v. Dagmar Zimdars u. a., Munich a. a. 1993, pp. 143f.
- ^ Archives in the Counts Rechberg family archive in Donzdorf.
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 462 .
- ^ Archives in the Counts Rechberg family archive in Donzdorf.
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 461 f .
- ↑ Election information for the municipal data center
- ↑ http://www.donzdorf.de/unsere-stadt/staedtepartetzung/calasparra.html
- ^ Rainer Stein: The Württemberg standard station on branch lines . In: Eisenbahn-Journal Württemberg-Report . tape 1 , no. V / 96 . Merker, Fürstenfeldbruck 1996, ISBN 3-922404-96-0 , p. 80-83 .
- ↑ http://www.vergessene-bahnen.de/Ex903_1.htm
- ^ Quote in the film by the company's founder Markus Staiger .
- ^ Archives in the Counts Rechberg family archive in Donzdorf.
- ↑ Handbook of German Art Monuments - Baden-Württemberg I , ed. v. Georg Dehio, arr. v. Dagmar Zimdars u. a., Munich a. a. 1993, p. 144.
- ^ Archives in the Counts Rechberg family archive in Donzdorf.
- ↑ http://www.donzdorf.de/43.0.html
- ↑ http://www.donzdorfer-fasnet.de/
- ↑ Simploo CMS, www.simploo.de: Die . In: Donzdorfer Fasnet . ( donzdorfer-fasnet.de [accessed February 13, 2018]).
- ↑ Augsburger Stadtlexikon - 2nd completely revised and considerably expanded edition, ed. v. Günther Grünsteudel u. a., Augsburg 1998, p. 651.
- ^ Lieselotte Klemmer: Aloys von Rechberg as a Bavarian politician (1766-1849) . In: Stadtarchiv München (Ed.): Miscellanea Bavarica Monacensia . tape 60 . Munich 1975, ISBN 3-87913-060-4 .
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