Linda Ronstadt

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Linda Ronstadt

Linda Marie Ronstadt (born July 15, 1946 in Tucson, Arizona) is an American popular vocalist who as earned multiple Grammy Awards, numerous multi-platinum albums, an Emmy Award, and a Tony Award nomination. She has recorded over 30 studio albums and has made guest appearances on over 100 other albums.[1]

A singer-songwriter and record producer, she is better known as a definitive interpreter of songs.[2] Starting at the forefront of the folk rock and country rock genres which defined post-sixties rock music, and with the unprecedented success in the 1970s with chart-topping albums such as: Heart Like A Wheel, Simple Dreams, and Living In The USA, accompanied by successful tours,[3] Ronstadt became the leading female vocalist of the rock era,[4][5][6] Her image was equally as famous as her music, landing six times on the cover of Rolling Stone magazine and on the coveted cover of Time magazine. Ronstadt remained one of the best-selling vocalists throughout the 1980s. Ronstadt has continued her success and has not stopped performing or making music. Ronstadt, who has reportedly sold in excess of 87 million records worldwide,[7][8] opened many doors for women in rock by being out in front.[9] Ronstadt is one of the top female vocalists in U.S. history and part of the list of best-selling music artists.

Private Life

Early life

Linda Marie Ronstadt was born in Tucson, Arizona in 1946 to Gilbert Ronstadt (1911-1995), a prosperous machinery merchant who ran the F. Ronstadt Co.,[10] and Ruth Mary Copeman Ronstadt (1914-1982), a homemaker with a gift for science. She was raised along with her brothers Peter (served as Tucson's chief of police from 1981-1992) and Michael and her sister Gretchen (Suzy), on the family's 10-acre ranch. The family was featured in Family Circle Magazine in 1953.[11]

Her father, Gilbert, came from a leading and pioneering Arizona ranching family,[12] was Mexican-American, with some German and English ancestry, with his grandfather, Frederick Augustus Ronstadt immigrating to the West in the 1840s from Hanover, Germany, marrying a Mexican-citizen, having several children, including Federico José María Ronstadt (Linda's grandfather) and eventually settling in Tucson.[13][14] The Ronstadt Family has made important contributions to arts and culture in the American Southwest.[15] In fact, so great are their contributions to the state of Arizona that their history and influence, including wagon making, commerce, pharmacies and, of course, music, is chronicled within the library of the University of Arizona, her alma mater.

Her mother, Ruth Mary, was the daughter of the prolific American inventor Lloyd Groff Copeman, raised in Michigan, was of Anglo-American descent, with German, English and Dutch heritage. Lloyd, with nearly seven hundred patents in his name, invented an early form of the toaster, the grease gun, the first electric stove and an early form of the microwave oven. His most commercially successful invention was rubber ice cube trays.[16]

Linda Ronstadt's early life was filled with music and tradition, which influenced her musical choices.[17]. A product of the great American radio of the 1950's and 1960's, she and her sister would listen to radio station XERF from Del Rio, Texas - broadcasting a mix of jazz, rock n roll, pop, Mexican Rancheras, black gospel, white gospel, shows like the Louisiana Hayride and even Hawaiian music. [18] Ronstadt also remarked that "My grandmother was playing opera....and my older brother was a soloist for the World Class Boy Choir and my sister was playing enclaves really loud on the radio. My dad was singing Mexican songs and Frank Sinatra songs. I just learned in a very, very musically eclectic atmosphere.", crediting her mother with introducing her to a musical appreciation of Gilbert and Sullivan and the Traditional Pop music that she herself would in turn help reintroduce to an entire generation. [19] [20] Staying true any musical tradition Ronstadt sticks to “what... the music demand(s)”.[21]

Personal life

In the 1970s her private life became very public, most notably, as publicity surrounding her life was propelled in the late 1970s by a relationship with then-Governor Jerry Brown of California, a Democratic presidential candidate. Their romance became the subject of many magazine articles and a Newsweek cover in April 1979.[22] The cover itself created a lot of debate, because Linda was very careful not to photograph herself together with him. In fact in many interviews Linda declined to talk about him but it was finally the visualization of the cover that hindered or helped Jerry Brown's political aspirations. During this time, Ronstadt took a noteworthy trip to Africa which became fodder for papparazi. Political analysts have argued that this was a wrong political move on Brown's behalf, dabbling in Pop Politics, which at the time and era, could have hindered his 1980 Presidential bid.

In the mid 1980s, Ronstadt was engaged ("ring on the finger and all") to Star Wars director George Lucas.[23] Attempting not to revisit the paparazzi fiasco that followed the relationship with Brown, Ronstadt was careful never to be photographed in public with Lucas.

She has two adopted children, Mary and Carlos. She states.. "it would be nice if you could follow a handbook (on how to parent)...however, she maintains her kids constantly teach her stuff, including music "for instance, what a good band AC/DC is, they're really good; I love them now."'[24] She's also a fan of musicians Pink and Rob Zombie, stating that her son has exposed her to his music and loves it.

Ronstadt is a big fan of the Harry Potter novels and even persuaded noted New York Times book critic Michiko Kakutani to start reading the J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter novels.[25]

Ronstadt's favorite girl singer is Maria Callas, saying that "There's no one in her league. That's it. Period",[26] "I learn more...about singing rock n ­roll from listening to Maria Callas records than I ever would from listening to pop music for a month of Sundays." "She's the greatest chick singer ever."[27]

As of 2007, Ronstadt resides in the San Francisco area while also maintaining her home in Tucson, Arizona.[28] However, this same year, Ronstadt drew criticism and praise [29] from some of her local Tucsonians by observing that the local city council's failings, developer's strip mall mentality, greed and growing dust problem has rendered the city unrecognizable and poorly developed.[30]

On September 23, 2007, Linda Ronstadt, was inducted into the The Arizona Music & Entertainment Hall of Fame, also included among the strong class of inductees were Stevie Nicks, Buck Owens and filmmaker Steven Spielberg.[31]

Career

At age fourteen, she formed a folk trio with her brother Peter and her sister Suzy. They called themselves The New Union Ramblers, and the trio played around coffeehouses, fraternity houses, and small joints. Their repertoire included the music they grew up on - folk, country, bluegrass, and Mexican.[32] But increasingly, Linda wanted to make a union of folk music and rock 'n' roll,[33] and in 1964, at 17, she decided to move on to Los Angeles.

The Stone Poneys

The cover of the Stone Poneys' 1967 LP, Evergreen, Volume 2.

While Ronstadt was a student at Arizona State University, she met guitarist Bob Kimmel. Together they moved to Los Angeles. In 1964, guitarist-songwriter Kenny Edwards joined the pair, co-writing several folk-rock songs with Kimmel. They recorded "So Fine" for Curb Records. The record company wanted them to sing surf music, which the trio chose not to do. The trio was discovered and signed with Nick Venet and Capitol Records, with Ronstadt as the lead singer. They became a leading attraction on California's folk circuit,[34] recording their first album in the fall of 1966. The Stone Poneys acted as a supporting act for The Doors on tour; "The Lizard King" didn't exactly endear himself to Ronstadt, she remarked... "We thought they were a good band, but we didn't like the singer",[35]

That same year, a second album followed, Evergreen, Volume 2, released in June. The album cover is notable for showing all three Stone Poney members on the cover. Evergreen was significant for the group's hit single "Different Drum", which reached 13 on the Billboard Hot 100. It was written by future Monkees member Michael Nesmith, along with notable songs, "Back on the Street Again" (Steve Gillette) and "One for One" (Al Silverman and Austin DeLone).

The beginning of the end for the Stone Poneys occurred when their then-manager came up to them at The Troubadour one night and said: Well, I can get your chick singer recorded, but I don't know about the rest of the group. And that was the end of it. Capitol Records released The Stone Poneys, in January 1967, which failed to chart.

A third album, The Stone Poneys & Friends, Volume 3, was released in April 1968 and included the single "Up To My Neck In High Muddy Water," which stalled at No. 93; however, at this stage, the group had disbanded, and Linda Ronstadt went solo.

Solo career

File:Silk23.jpg
Linda Ronstadt, ca. 1970, on the backside cover of the album Silk Purse.

Still contractually obligated to Capitol Records, Ronstadt released her first solo album, Hand Sown ... Home Grown in 1969, considered the first alternative country record by a female recording artist.[36]

Ronstadt also vocalized in some commercials. One notable one is the famous late 1960s commercial for Remington electric razors, with a multi-tracked Ronstadt and Frank Zappa saying that the electric razor "cleans you, thrills you ... may even keep you from getting busted".[37]

Ronstadt's released her second solo album titled Silk Purse in 1970. The album cover was the first to establish a trend in many other Rostadt album covers - bold, colorful and memorable. This album cover showed Ronstadt in a muddy pig pen with the back and inside cover showing Ronstadt in bold red and on stage. Ronstadt has stated that she wasn't pleased with this album although it provided her with her first solo hit, the multi-format single, "Long Long Time". Also Silk Purse is notable for earning Ronstadt a Grammy Award nomination for Best Contemporary Vocal Performance, Female, the first of her 27 Grammy nominations. Silk Purse is the only one of Ronstadt's studio discs that was recorded entirely in Nashville.

Linda began incorporating new sounds into her stage gigs, with the help of various backing bands. However, Linda noted in a 1969 interview for Fusion Magazine, that it was difficult being a single chick singer with a decidedly all-male backup band.[38] According to her, it was really hard for a single girl to get a band of backing musicians, because there's all that ego problem of being labeled a sideman for a girl singer. For example, the guitar player would hurry to the microphone and say 'Thank You' before she could even get to the mic after their set. Or she'd find that musicians felt their masculinity was threatened being sidemen to a girl singer.[39]

Soon after she went solo in the late 1960s, one of her first backing bands was the pioneering country-rock band Swampwater, famous for incorporating cajun and swamp-rock elements into their music. Its members included cajun fiddler Gib Guilbeau, John Beland, before either of them would join The Flying Burrito Brothers,[40] Stan Pratt, Thad Maxwell and Eric White (Clarence White of The Byrds' brother). Swampwater would go on to back Ronstadt on TV's The Johnny Cash Show,[41] The Mike Douglas Show and The Big Sur Folk Festival.[42] Another backing band featured players Don Henley, Glenn Frey, Bernie Leadon and Randy Meisner who later formed The Eagles, who would go on to become the best-selling American group ever. They toured with her for a short period in 1972, and were her studio band for her third solo album, the self-titled Linda Ronstadt album.

In 1973, she began working with producer Peter Asher, then producer for James Taylor. This relationship with Asher, as producer of her albums, continued through the late 1980s. Asher, who has gone on to produce numerous other artist and winning two Grammys Awards for Producer of the Year, recently remarked that Linda Ronstadt remains his "favorite female singer of all time. Her voice is just astounding and ...(with) very clear ideas herself about what she (wants) to do, but also she could just sing the s--- out of anything."[43]

She also released her fourth solo album in 1973, Don't Cry Now, and the first of her studio releases for Asylum Records. The album followed the theme of Ronstadt album covers, again, bold, colorful and memorable. It featured her first 'Country' hit with "Silver Threads And Golden Needles," which she had first recorded on her 1969 Hand Sewn...Home Grown album, which this time hit the Top 20.

In 1973, Ronstadt began touring as the opening act for Neil Young's Time Fades Away tour. This tour was notable for the fact that she was introduced to Emmylou Harris. Backstage at a concert in Texas, Chris Hillman put the newcomer Harris together with Linda Ronstadt, telling them, "You two could be good friends."[44]

In the 1974 book Rock'n Roll Woman, author Katherine Orloff interviewed Ronstadt stating, "her own musical preferences run strongly to rhythm and blues, the type of music she most frequently chooses to listen to.....(and) her goal is to ....be soulful too. With this in mind, Linda fuses country and rock into a special union."[45]

By this stage of her career Ronstadt had established her niche in the field of Country-rock. She, along with other notable musicians such as The Flying Burrito Brothers, Emmylou Harris, Gram Parsons, Swampwater, Neil Young, and The Eagles, helped free country music from stereotypes and showed rockers that country was OK, however, she stated that she was being pushed hard, into singing more rock n roll."[46]

Top rock vocalist of the decade

According to Amazon.com, Linda Ronstadt became the American female rock superstar of the Me Decade[47] as the 1970s were known. (People during the Me Decade concentrated on their own leisure and happiness). Dirty Linen magazine describes her as the "first true woman rock 'n' roll superstar.....(selling) out stadiums with a string of mega-successful albums."[48] As author Gerri Hirshey explains in her book We Gotta Get Out of This Place: The True, Tough Story of Women in Rock, Linda Ronstadt was the first "arena-class rock diva", with "hugely anticipated tours."[49] Coupled with the fact that her album covers, posters, magazine covers - basically her entire image conveyed - was just as famous as her music.[50] That by the end of the decade, Redbook described her as, "the most successful female rock star in the world..(who) has survived in the mostly male world of rock",[51] and Cashbox crowned Linda Ronstadt the Top Female Artist of the Decade.[52]

File:Linda Ronstadt-Heart Like a Wheel (album cover).jpg
Linda Ronstadt, ca. 1975, on the cover of the Grammy winning album and 2X platinum certified studio disc, Heart Like a Wheel.

Having been a cult favorite on the music scene for 11 years, 1975 was "remembered in the musicbiz as the year when Linda Ronstadt belatedly happened."[53] With the release of Heart Like A Wheel, her fifth solo album and last for Capitol Records, Ronstadt reached No. 1 on the Billboard Album chart and the album went double-platinum (over 2 million copies sold).

The album was highly notable not only for showing a physically attractive Ronstadt on the cover but more importantly, its critical and commercial success was due to a fine presentation of country and rock and helped launch Ronstadt's career into the stratosphere, making Heart Like a Wheel her first of many major commercial successess that would put her on the path as one of the best-selling female artists of all time. Ronstadt won her first Grammy Award for Best Country Vocal Performance/Female for "I Can't Help It (If I'm Still In Love With You)" which had peaked at No. 2 Country. The album was nominated for Album of the Year (losing to Paul Simon's Still Crazy After All These Years). The album included the No. 1 Pop single, "You're No Good", followed by the No. 2 single, "When Will I Be Loved which also became Linda's first No. 1 Country hit.

Immediately, Rolling Stone magazine put her on its cover in March, 1975 for the first time. The cover was the first of six Rolling Stone magazine covers and photograghed by famed photographer Annie Leibovitz. It also included her as featured artist with a full photo layout and an article by Ben Fong-Torres, discussing her many struggling years in rock n roll, home life and what it meant to be a women on tour in a decidedly all-male environment.

Later this same year, 1975, her album Prisoner in Disguise was released. It climbed into the Top 10 on the Billboard album chart went platinum. It became her second in a row to go platinum, "a grand slam" in the same year (Ronstadt would eventually be the first female artist in popular music history to have three consecutive platinum albums and would go on to have eight consectuive platinum albums and then another seven between 1983 and 1990). [54] The disc's first single release was "Love Is A Rose". It was climbing the Pop and Country charts but Heat Wave, a rockified version of the 1963 hit by Martha and the Vandellas, was receiving considerable airplay. Asylum pulled the "Love Is A Rose" single and issued "Heat Wave" with "Love Is A Rose" on the B-side. "Heat Wave" hit the Top Five on Billboard's Hot 100 while "Love Is A Rose" hit the Top Five on Billboard's Country chart.

Linda Ronstadt, ca. 1977, on the cover of the Grammy winning album design and 3X platinum certified studio disc, Simple Dreams.

In 1976 Linda reached the Billboard Top 3 and won her second career Grammy Award for Best Pop Vocal Performance, Female for her third consecutive platinum album Hasten Down the Wind. The album showcased Ronstadt the singer-songwriter, composing two songs, "Try Me Again" and "Lo Siento Mi Vida (I'm Sorry My Life)". It also included interpretation of Willie Nelson's classic "Crazy", which became a Top 10 Country hit for Ronstadt in early 1977.

In late 1977 Ronstadt held the No. 1 position for five consecutive weeks on the Billboard 200 with her album Simple Dreams. The album was released in September and by April of the following year had sold over 3 million copies - triple-platinum - in the US alone. Interestingly, Simple Dreams had already been holding at No. 2 for two months behind Fleetwood's Mac's long running No. 1 album Rumours before eventually claiming the top spot. Simple Dreams included the RIAA platinum-certified single "Blue Bayou" as well as "It's So Easy" and "Poor Poor Pitiful Me". In fact, Simple Dreams was the highest selling album by any solo artist in 1977. It also garnered several Grammy Award nominations - including Record Of The Year and Best Pop Vocal Performance, Female for "Blue Bayou" (losing to Barbara Streisand's Evergreen) - and won its art director, Kosh a Grammy Award for Best Album Cover, the first of three Grammy Awards he would win for designing memorable Linda Ronstadt album covers.

This same year, she was asked by the L.A. Dodgers to sing the National Anthem at game three of the World Series against the New York Yankees.[55]

Time Magazine and Image

Linda Ronstadt, on the cover of the February 28, 1977 issue of Time.

As noted, Linda Ronstadt's image was just as famous as her music during the 1970s.[56] The 1977 appearance on the cover of Time magazine under the banner "Torchy Rock" , especially for the most famous woman singer of the 1970s, and perhaps ever, at the time,[57] was notable and controversial for Ronstadt, considering what the image appeared to project about the most famous woman in rock.[58] At a time in the industry when men still told women what to sing and what to wear."[59] Ronstadt hated the image of her that was projected to the world,[60] on the cover of Time magazine no less, as she noted recently how the photographer kept forcing her to wear a dress, which was an image she did not want to project. [61] In 2004, she was interviewed for CBS This Morning[62] and stated that this image was not her because she didn't sit like that. The Time magazine cover did not stop critics but only helped critics in their claim that Ronstadt was her producer's puppet and encouraged critics who put her image and music together as reason to bash her., as Asher noted this irony, "anyone who's met Linda for 10 seconds will know that I couldn't possibly have been her Svengali. She's an extremely determined woman, in every area. To me, she was everything that feminism's about, at a time when men still told women what to sing and what to wear."[63]. As noted, since her solo career began, Ronstadt fought hard to be recognized as a solo female singer in the world of rock,[64] and the Time cover, in the dress didn't appear to help the situation. To show how troublesome this Time cover is to her, recently Ronstadt refused to acknowledge that she was laying on the cover but was "sitting down...looking stupid". [65]

Keeping towards this definitely uncomfortable and arguably unwanted sex symbol theme, later in 1977, Rolling Stone published for its cover, an alluring collection of photographs taken by Annie Leibovitz, which further created the image that Ronstadt, later said, wasn't pleased with. Ronstadt and Asher claim to have viewed the photos prior to publication and when asked that they be removed and the request was denied, they unceremoniously threw Leibovitz out of the house.

In 1978, Rolling Stone magazine declared Linda Ronstadt, "by far America's best-known female rock singer."[66] She had a third No. 1 album on the Billboard 200, with Living In The USA and a major hit single with "Ooh Baby Baby", which hit all four major singles charts (Pop, AC, Country and even R&B). Living In The USA is notable for being the first album by any recording act, in music history, to ship double platinum (over 2 million advanced copies).[67]. The album was eventually certifed double platinum (over 2 million copies sold).

File:Living in the USAconcert.jpg
Linda Ronstadt's promotional poster, for the 1978 Living In The USA album and concert

By this stage of her career, Ronstadt's disc covers were big, bold and memorable. Living in the USA was no exception, showing the singer with a newly short haircut and on rollerskates on the album cover. Ronstadt continued this theme on concert and tour promotional posters but this time there were photos of Ronstadt on rollerskates and Ronstadt in a dramatic pose with a large American flag in the background. By this stage of her career, with every album released Ronstadt was going out and thoroughly promoting the album with posters because her image was just as famous as her music[68] and concerts - which at the time were even famously recorded live on radio and/or tv. Ronstadt was also featured in the 1978 film FM, where the plot involved disc jockeys attempting to illegaly record and broadcast live, a Linda Ronstadt concert. The movie also showed Ronstadt live and in concert singing the hit song Tumbling Dice.

Keeping with this theme, Ronstadt conducted successful disc promotional tours and concerts. One notable concert in 1978 is Ronstadt's guest appearance onstage with The Rolling Stones at the Tucson Community Center on July 21, 1978 in her hometown of Tucson, where Ronstadt and Mick Jagger vocalized on "Tumbling Dice".

Highest paid woman in rock

By the end of 1978, Ronstadt achieved unprecedented commercial success and became the "highest paid woman in rock",[69] and the first-ever woman able to command sell-out concerts in arenas and stadiums hosting tens of thousands of fans.[70] She had three No. 1 Pop albums, six platinum certified albums and numerous charted Pop singles. Billboard Magazine crowned Linda Ronstadt with Four No.1 Awards for the Year: No.1 Pop Female Singles Artist of the Year; No.1 Pop Female Album Artist of the Year; No.1 Female Record Artist of the Year; and the No.1 Female Vocalist of the Year.[71] In 1978 alone, she made over $12 million (equivalent to $38,000,000 today).[72]

As Rolling Stone magazine dubbed her "Rock's Venus",[73] her record sales continued to multiply and setting records themselves. By the end of the 1970s, Ronstadt had collected eight gold, six platinum and four multi-platinum certifications for her albums, an unprecedented feat at the time. Her 1976 Greatest Hits album was certified by the RIAA for 7 times platinum (over 7 million US copies sold). In 1980 Greatest Hits II was released, certified platinum (over 1 million copies sold). In 2007 a UK compilation album was released, combining Linda Ronstadt Greatest Hits I & II on one disc.

By the end of the decade, Linda had outsold her female competition, no other female artist to date had five straight platinum LPs: Hasten Down the Wind, and Heart Like a Wheel among them.[74] Thereafter, Ronstadt was widely known and regarded in magazines and radio as the Queen of Rock,[75] and the Queen of Country-Rock.

This same year, Ronstadt went on a successful international tour, playing in arenas across Australia to Japan, including the Olympic Park Stadium in Melbourne, Australia and the Budokan in Tokyo, Japan. She also participated in benefit concert for her friend Lowell George, held at the The Forum, in Los Angeles, California.

Andrew Greeley in the book God in Popular Culture, described Ronstadt as the "the most successful and certainly the most durable and most gifted woman Rock singer of her era."[76]

From rock to Broadway

In 1980, Ronstadt recorded Mad Love, her sixth straight platinum selling album. Mad Love is a straightforward rock n roll album with strong post-punk, new wave influences, including tracks by songwriters such as Elvis Costello, The Cretones, and musician Mark Goldenberg who played on the record himself. This same year she also made the cover of Rolling Stone for the sixth time. Mad Love disc entered the Billboard album charts in the Top Five its first week (a record at that time) and climbed to the No. 3 position on the Billboard 200. In 1980, she continued her streak of Top 10 hits with "How Do I Make You?", "Hurt So Bad" and the Top 40 hit "I Can't Let Go". The album earned Ronstadt the 1980 Grammy nomination for Best Rock Vocal Performance, Female (but she lost to Pat Benatar for "Crimes of Passion"). However, this same year Benatar praised Linda Ronstadt by stating, How can I be the best (female) rock singer, Ronstadt is still Alive![77]

Rex Smith, Linda Ronstadt and Kevin Kline, ca. 1980, from the The Pirates of Penzance Central Park production.

In the summer of 1980, Ronstadt began rehearsals for the first of several leads in Broadway musicals. Joseph Papp cast her as the lead in the New York Shakespeare Festival production of Gilbert and Sullivan's The Pirates of Penzance, alongside Kevin Kline.[78] However, this endeavor wasn't, to Ronstadt, as far a left field endeavor as it might have appeard to Ronstadt's popular music audience. She recounts that singing Gilbert and Sullivan was a natural choice for her, since Grandfather Fred Ronstadt is credited with creating Tucson’s first orchestra, the Club Filarmonico Tucsonense and had once created an arrangement of Pirates of Penzance, likewise, her mother, Ruth Mary Copeman Ronstadt, owned a large Gilbert and Sullivan collection.[79]

The Pirates of Penzance revival turned out to be a major hit on Broadway. The musical opened for a limited engagement in New York City's Central Park and moved its production to Broadway where it ran from January 8, 1981 to November 28, 1982.[80]

A DVD of the Central Park production was released in October 2002, but there is no recording of the Broadway run which followed. The "Central Park" disc is notable for its somewhat mediocre videotaping and sound quality, both a result of the outdoor location. Ronstadt also co-starred with Kline and Angela Lansbury in the 1983 motion picture version of the Gilbert and Sullivan operetta. Ronstadt received a Golden Globe nomination for the role in the movie version. The two versions (stage and for-film) are distinguishable by cover art.

For her effort on Broadway, she garnered a Tony Award nomination for Best Performance by a Leading Actress in a Musical and The Pirates of Penzance won several Tony Awards, including a Tony Award for Best Revival.

In 1984, Ronstadt had discovered La Boheme through the silent movie with Lillian Gish and was determined to play the part of Mimi. When she mentioned it to her friend, opera superstar Beverly Sills, she was told, "my dear every soprano in the world wants to play Mimi." Ronstadt was later cast in the role of Mimi at Joseph Papp's Public Theatre.[81]

In 1988, Ronstadt returned to Broadway, for a limited run engagement in the musical show adaptation of her 1988 album of Mexican folk songs, Canciones de Mi Padre - "My Father's Songs."[82]

After her stint on Broadway, Ronstadt went back to making rock music and performing rock concerts. In 1982, Ronstadt released Get Closer a rock album with some country and pop music as well. The album is notable as it's her only album from 1975 (Heart Like A Wheel) to 1989 (Cry Like A Rainstorm) which did not receive a million-selling platinum certification by the RIAA (it sold in excess of 900,000 copies). It climbed to the No. 31 position on the Billboard 200. In 1982, she continued her streak of Top 40 hits with "Get Closer", and "I Knew You When", and the notable Jimmy Webb song "Easy For You To Say" which was a Top 10 AC hit. The album earned Ronstadt two Grammy Award nominations for Best Rock Vocal Performance, Female as well as Best Pop Vocal Performance, Female. The album won its art director, Kosh his second Grammy Award for Best Album Package. Ronstadt also embarked on a successful North American tour, remaining one of the top rock concert draws that summer and fall. One notable concert being her November 25, 1982 Happy Thanksgiving Day concert held at Dallas, Texas's Reunion Arena and broadcast live on Dallas radio.

Branching out

Ronstadt has remarked that in the beginning of her career "(she)..was so focused on folk, rock and country that..(she) got a bit bored and started to branch out, and..(has) been doing that ever since."[83] By this stage of her career, Linda Ronstadt was reportedly worth over $40 million (equivalent to $81,000,000 today), mostly from successful rock n roll records and concerts.[84]

Ronstadt eventually became tired of playing arenas.[85] She didn't feel that arenas, where people milled around lighting joints and buying beer, were "approriate places for music". She wanted "angels in the architecture" - a reference to a lyric in the Paul Simon song You Can Call Me Al. Likewise, she has noted that she wanted to sing in places similar to the Theatre of ancient Greece, where the attention is focused on the stage and performer.[86]

What's New

Linda Ronstadt, ca. 1983, from the disc What's New
Linda Ronstadt, ca. 1983, from the disc What's New

In 1983, a then 37-year old Ronstadt brought an unorthodox and original perspective in rehabilitating the Great American Songbook when she recorded the first of what would be a trilogy of highly successful traditional pop albums alongside, the then 62-year-old grand master of pop orchestration, conductor Nelson Riddle: What's New (1983); Lush Life (1985); and For Sentimental Reasons (1986). The three have a combined sales of over 6 million copies sold in the U.S. alone.

The album design for What's New by designer Kosh was unlike any of her past disc covers. But in keeping with the themes of her other discs it was bold, colorful and memorable. The cover seemed to playfully suggest what's new? It showed Ronstadt in a vintage dress lying on shimmering satin sheets with a walkman headset. At the time, Ronstadt received a lot of ridicule for both the album cover and her venture into what was then considered "elevator music." In a 1984 Saturday Night Live skit, comedienne Julia Louis-Dreyfus parodied Ronstadt by dressing and posing in a copy of the What's New cover while the title track played in the background. Louis-Dreyfus sang things like "I sing old songs for you, ‘Cause I can’t do what’s new!".

Ronstadt faced considerable pressure not to record What's New or record with Riddle. According to jazz historian Peter Levinson, author of the book September in the Rain - a Biography on Nelson Riddle, Joe Smith, president of Elektra Records, was terrified that the Nelson Riddle album would turn off Linda's rock audience.[87] Nonetheless, Ronstadt remained determined to record with Riddle. The gamble paid off, because when What's New was released in the Fall of 1983, it eventually climbed the Billboard album charts to the No. 3 position (held out of the top spot by Michael Jackson's 'Thriller' and Lionel Richie's 'Can't Slow Down') and went triple platinum (over 3 million copies sold). The album earned Ronstadt yet another Grammy nomination for Best Pop Vocal Performance, Female and critical raves, with Time Magazine calling it "one of the gutsiest, most unorthodox and unexpected albums of the year." [88]

What's New brought Riddle back to a younger audience. According to Levinson "the younger audience hated what Nelson had done with Frank Sinatra,[89] which in 1983 was considered "Vintage Pop". Working with Linda, Nelson brought his career back into focus in the last three years of his life.[90] Stephen Holden of the New York Times wrote, What's New "isn't the first album by a rock singer to pay tribute to the golden age of the pop, but is . . the best and most serious attempt to rehabilitate an idea of pop that Beatlemania and the mass marketing of rock LPs for teen-agers undid in the mid-60s . . . In the decade prior to Beatlemania, most of the great band singers and crooners of the 40s and 50s codified a half-century of American pop standards on dozens of albums . . . many of them now long out-of-print."[91] Thus, What's New is notable for being the first album by a rock singer to have major commercial success in rehabilitating the Great American Songbook.[92]

In 2004, Ronstadt released Hummin' to Myself, her first studio album for Verve Records. It was her first foray into traditional pop since her records with the Nelson Riddle Orchestra, but this time with a smaller jazz combo. Although the disc failed commercially with only 100,000 copies sold in the US, the record did achieve notable critical acclaim from the jazz cognoscenti. [93]

The Trio recordings

In 1978, Ronstadt, with Dolly Parton and Emmylou Harris, began recording a Trio album. The attempt failed. Ronstadt later remarked that not too many people were focused at the time and everyone was too involved with their own careers. This concept album was put on the back burner for almost ten years.

However, in 1987, the three eventually did make their way into the recording studio and finally released the album Trio, which they first had conceived of ten years earlier. It was a considerable hit, holding the No. 1 position on Billboard's Country Albums chart for five weeks running and hitting the Top 10 on the Pop side also. It sold several million copies and won them a Grammy Award for Best Country Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal and produced four top-ten country singles including "To Know Him Is To Love Him" which hit No. 1.

In 1999, Linda reunited with Dolly Parton and EmmyLou Harris for the Trio 2 album, the long-anticipated follow up to their 1987 Trio album. It included "After The Gold Rush" which became a popular music video. The effort was certified Gold (over 500,000 copies sold) and won them a Grammy Award for Best Country Collaboration with Vocals for the track. Ronstadt co-produced the album with George Massenburg.

Canciones - songs of her family

Linda Ronstadt, ca. 1987, on the cover of the Grammy winning album and 2X platinum certified Canciones de Mi Padre - "My Father's Songs.".

In 1987, Ronstadt recorded an album of Mexican folk songs, or what she describes as "world class songs", titled Canciones de Mi Padre - "My Father's Songs". Keeping with the Ronstadt theme, her cover art was dramatic, bold, and colorful. For Canciones di Mi Padre Ronstadt was in full Mexican dress and shared the cover with famed Mariachi musician Rubén Fuentes.

These canciones were a big part of Ronstadt's family tradition and musical roots. For example, the history of this album goes back half a century. In January, 1946, the University of Arizona published a booklet by Luisa Espinel entitled Canciones de mi Padre.[94] Luisa Espinel was Linda Ronstadt's aunt and an international singer in the 1920s. Ms. Espinel's father was Fred Ronstadt (Linda Ronstadt's grandfather), and the songs she had learned, transcribed and published were some of the ones he had brought with him from Sonora. Linda Ronstadt researched and extracted from the favorites she had learned from her father Gilbert and she called her album by the same name as her aunt's booklet and as a tribute to her father and his family. Also, Ronstadt has credited Mexican singer Lola Beltran as an influence in her own singing style, and she recalls how a frequent guest to the Ronstadt home, Eduardo “Lalo” Guerrero, father of Chicano music, would often serenade her as child. [95]

Though not fully bilingual, she has a fairly good command of the Spanish language, allowing her to sing Latin American songs without any accent; Linda has often identified herself as Mexican-American.[96] Her formative years were spent with her father's side of the family.[97] This album won Ronstadt a Grammy Award for Best Mexican-American Performance. The album has been RIAA certified double-platinum (over 2 million copies sold).

Ronstadt produced and performed a theatrical stage show in concert halls across the United States and Latin America to both hispanic and non-hispanic audiences, including on the Great White Way. She called the stage show by the same name Canciones de mi Padre. These performances were released on DVD. Ronstadt elected to return to the Broadway stage, 4 years after she performed La Boheme, for a limited run engagement. PBS Great Performances aired the celebrated stage show during its annual fund drives and the show was a hit with audiences, earning Ronstadt an Emmy Award for Individual Performance In A Variety Or Music Program.

She recorded two additional discs of Latin music in the early 1990's. Although they did not sell as well as Canciones de Mi Padre and failed to chart as high on the Billboard charts, they were critically acclaimed. The first one she recorded was Mas Canciones a follow up to the first Canciones. For this effort she won a Grammy award for Best Mexican/Mexican-American Album. The same year she stepped outside of Mariachi and decided to record well known "afro-Cuban" songs. This disc was titled Frenesi. However, like her second Latin recording venture, the disc failed to chart high on the Billboard charts but was critically acclaimed and won Ronstadt another Grammy award, this time for Best Traditional Tropical Latin Album.

A return to the Pop/Rock album charts

Ronstadt made a return to the top of the Pop/Rock chart in 1987 when she achieved a Billboard Hot 100 chart No. 2 hit with the "Somewhere Out There" recorded as a duet with James Ingram and featured in the animated film An American Tail. The song was nominated for both a Grammy Award and Academy Award for Motion Picture song. It also achieved commercial success, certified Gold (over 500,000 copies sold). On the heels of this success, Steven Spielberg asked Ronstadt again to record the title song, this time for the sequel to Americal Tail, titled American Tail: Fievel Goes West. The song she recorded was "Dreams to Dream" although it failed to achieve the same success as its predecessor, the song did give Ronstadt a modest Adult Contemporary hit in 1991.

However, Ronstadt did make a full focused return to the mainstream pop charts in 1989, releasing both an album and a couple of popular singles. This effort titled Cry Like a Rainstorm, Howl Like the Wind became one of the singers biggest albums, in terms of production, arrangements, chart sales, and critical acclaim. The album returned Ronstadt, as a solo artist, back to the top 10 of the Billboard album charts, reaching the No. 7 position and went triple platinum (over 3 million US copies sold) and singles charts simultaneously. The album also received critical acclaim, nominated for numerous Grammy awards. She even featured American soul singer Aaron Neville on four of the twelve disc cuts.

For this major disc, Ronstadt incorporated the sounds of the Oakland Interfaith Gospel Choir, Tower of Power horns, the Skywalker Symphony and numerous musicians. It had duets including "Don't Know Much" (Billboard Hot 100 chart No. 2 hit) and "All My Life" (Billboard Hot 100 chart No. 11 hit), and equally long-running No. 1 Adult Contemporary hits. These duets with singer Aaron Neville received much critical acclaim, garnering several Grammy nominations and won Ronstadt 1989's Best Pop Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal - she shared the honor with Aaron Neville.

In fact, her Grammy appearance in February, 1990, was notable because this was Ronstadt's last live Grammy Award appearance, even though she has won five additional Grammy Awards since then. She hasn't even watched the Grammys since then.[98]. Their appearance was the first time they had performed the song for the public ever since the song had become a hit the previous year in December, 1989. The following year Ronstadt won a Grammy for Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal for the single, "All My Life", with Aaron Neville.

In December 1990, Linda Ronstadt participated in a concert to commemorate John Lennon's 50th birthday, and to raise awareness of environmental issues, held in Tokyo at the Tokyo Dome. Other participants included Miles Davis, Lenny Kravitz, Hall & Oates, Natalie Cole, notable Japanese artists, Yoko Ono and Sean Lennon. A CD resulted, titled Happy Birthday, John.[99]

Throughout the late 90's, Ronstadt continued to explore songs in differing genres. In 1996, Ronstadt produced Dedicated to the One I Love, an album of rock 'n roll songs reinvented as children's music. This effort won her and longtime collaborator, recording engineer George Massenburg, Grammys for Best Album for Children. In 2000, she also released her first holiday collection, A Merry Little Christmas, which included rare choral works, the song "River" by Joni Mitchell, and a rare recorded duet with Rosemary Clooney on her signature song, White Christmas. It also marked her final release for Elektra/Asylum records.

A return to roots music

One of the world's leading magazines for commercial and project studio recording, MIX Magazine, stated that "Ronstadt (has) left her mark on more than the record business; her devotion to the craft of singing influenced many audio professionals.... (and is) intensely knowledgeable about the mechanics of singing and the cultural contexts of every genre she passes"[100] In fact, in 2004 Linda wrote the Forward Introduction to the book titled The NPR Curious Listener's Guide To American folk music,[101] and in 2005 she wrote the Introduction to the book titled Classic Ferrington Guitars, about guitar-maker and luthier Danny Ferrington and his custom guitars that have been created for various musicians from Ronstadt, Elvis Costello, and Ry Cooder to Kurt Cobain.[102] On August 3, 2007, Ronstadt headlined the Newport Folk Festival, making her debut at this prestigous event, where she incorporated jazz, rock and folk music into her repertoire.

Linda Ronstadt, ca. 1998, from the disc We Ran

Signaling a recording return to more folksy roots, Ronstadt released several folk rock records with a more adult rock-oriented edge during this decade as well, including: Winter Light (1993), Feels Like Home (1995),

In 1998 Ronstadt recorded We Ran. The disc cover is notable for its non-dramatic photo, unlike the colorful and memorable disc covers that Ronstadt was famous for throughout her career. It was unlike her album covers over the years that won three Grammy Awards for artist Kosh. Although inside the disc, the music harkens back to Ronstadt's country-rock and folk-rock heyday. This is confirmed by Ronstadt returning to her rock n roll roots with vivid interpretation of songs by Bruce Springsteen, Doc Pomus, Bob Dylan and John Hiatt. The disc was produced by notable rock producer, Glyn Johns. The album is notable for being Ronstadt's few albums failing to hit the Top 100, on the Billboard album chart. We Ran also failed to chart any hit singles on both the Pop and AC charts. Although, the disc was well received by critics. Her vocal performance on the track "Cry 'till My Tears Run Dry" is particularly worthy of note, and demonstrated how much her voice had grown, since her early, somewhat raw, country music performances.

Despite the lack of success of We Ran, Ronstadt kept towards this adult rock exploration, when she released Western Wall — The Tucson Sessions (1999), a folk-rock oriented project with EmmyLou Harris. It earned a Grammy nomination for Best Contemporary Folk Album, and made the Top 10 of Billboard's Country Albums chart and the Top 100 of the Billboard album chart by debuting at No. 73. They had a modest alternative rock hit with Sweet Spot, a song that was written with and recorded with Jill Cunniff of Lucious Jackson.

This same year Ronstadt went back to her concert roots, of sorts, when she performed with The Eagles and Jackson Browne at Staples Center's 1999 New Year's Eve celebration kicking off the December 31 end-of-the-millennium festivities. As Staples Center Senior Vice President and General Manager Bobby Goldwater said. "It was our goal to present a spectacular event as a sendoff to the 20th century", and "The Eagles, Jackson Browne, and Linda Ronstadt are three of the most popular acts of the century. Their performances will constitute a singular and historic night of entertainment for New Year's Eve in Los Angeles.[103]

File:AdieuFalseHeart.jpg
Japanese and Australian cover of the disc Adieu False Heart. Linda Ronstadt with Ann Savoy, ca. 2006,

In 2006, as the ZoZo Sisters, Ronstadt teamed with longtime friend, musician and musical scholar Ann Savoy to record Adieu False Heart, an album of roots music incorporating pop, Cajun, and early 20th century music, for Vanguard Records. The disc was released to an international market, and notable for having different covers, one showing artistic farm art and the other prominently showing Ronstadt and Savoy - this being the international cover, primarily in Australia and Japan.

Adieu False Heart, recorded in Louisiana, features a cast of local musicians, including Chas Justus, Eric Frey and Kevin Wimmer of the Red Stick Ramblers, Sam Broussard of The Mamou Playboys, Dirk Powell and Joel Savoy, as well as an array of Nashville musicians: fiddler Stuart Duncan, mandolinist Sam Bush and guitarist Bryan Sutton. The recording earned two Grammy nominations: Best Traditional Folk Album and Best Engineered Album, Non-Classical. On the heels of Adieu False Heart''s critical and international commercial success, as of 2007, Ronstadt is in the studio with Ann Savoy recording a follow-up disc.

Career achievements

  • As of the end of 2006, Ronstadt's albums have earned her three No. 1 albums on the Billboard 200, four No. 1 albums on Billboard's Country Album chart, 10 Top 10 pop albums and 27 Top 100 pop albums.
  • As of the end of 2006, Ronstadt's singles have earned her a No. 1 single and three No. 2 singles on the Billboard Hot 100, 10 Top 10 pop singles, 21 Top 40 pop singles, two No. 1 hits on the Billboard Country Single chart, two No. 1 hits and 37 Top 40 hits on Billboard's Adult Contemporary charts
  • Cash Box named her the top-selling female pop singer of the 1970s.[106]
  • Her RIAA certification (audits paid for by record companies or artist for promotion) tally as of 2001, now totals 19 Gold, 14 Platinum and 8 Multi-Platinum albums.[107] as well as 3 Gold and even 1 Platinum single release. In all, Ronstadt has been certified by the RIAA for sales in excess of 50 million albums worldwide and 30 million albums sold in the U.S. alone, as of 2001. However, Ronstadt's Real Sales (statistics used to pay the artist their royalties) information indicate that several more certifications are currently in effect and being upgraded. Since there is a wide difference between real sales and certifications, Ronstadt shows real sales of 48 million album units moved in the US and nearly 70 millions album units sold worldwide. [108]
  • She was the first female in music history to score 3 consecutive platinum albums and ultimately racked up a total of 8 consecutive platinum albums.[109]
  • Her album Living In The USA is notable for being the first album by any singer, in music history, to ship double platinum (over 2 million advanced copies).[110]
  • At the time of its release, Canciones de mi Padre became the best-selling non-English-language album in American history.
  • Ronstadt has served as record producer on various albums from musicians David Lindley and Aaron Neville to singer-songwriter Jimmy Webb.[111] She produced Cristal — Glass Music Through the Ages, an album of classical music using glass instruments with Dennis James, and Ronstadt singing on several of the arrangements.[112] In 1999, Linda also produced the Grammy Award winning Trio 2.
  • Linda Ronstadt was the first female solo artist to have two Top 40 singles simultaneously on Billboard magazine's Hot 100: "Blue Bayou" and "It's So Easy" (October 1977). By December, both "Blue Bayou" and "It's So Easy" had climbed into Billboard's Top 5 and remained there for the entire month. Linda Ronstadt's run on the Billboard charts includes one single or album charted every year from 1970 to 2000.

Political Controversy

Controversy surrounding Ronstadt arose during a July 17, 2004 performance at the Aladdin Theatre for the Performing Arts on the Las Vegas Strip. Towards the end of her performance, as she had done in performances across the country, Ronstadt spoke to the audience, praising Michael Moore's documentary film Fahrenheit 9/11 a movie discussing the Iraq War, and dedicated the song "Desperado" to Michael Moore. Accounts of the crowd's reaction to these comments varied widely. At least one source reported that "Half the crowd heartily applauded her praise for Moore, the other half booed."[113] Some accounts of the concert and aftermath reported that some members of the audience were offended - walked out, tore down posters, threw drinks and demanded their money back.

Following the concert, news accounts reported that Ronstadt was "evicted" from the hotel premises.[114] Ronstadt claimed she wasn't physically taken off stage but was ordered by Aladdin staff to wait to speak with Aladdin President Bill Timmins. She claims to have refused to wait and to have left, and later remarked that while Aladdin staff attempted to detain her, she thought "are they were going to make me start writing on a chalkboard or read me my Miranda rights." Later saying, "apparently..(the Aladdin)..called up one of the people that was traveling with us and went, 'She's talking about Michael Moore, and this is a place for entertainment, not politics'."

Ronstadt's comments, as well as some audience members and the hotel reactions, became a topic of discussion nationwide, as Timmons and Michael Moore all made public statements on the controversy. [115]

The "Aladdin Incident" subsequently drew international headlines and public discourse on an entertainer's right to express a political opinion from the stage. The Aladdin Incident made the editorial section of the New York Times.[116]

Despite reports of this public response, Ronstadt continued in her praise of Moore and his film throughout her 2004 summer concerts across the country, thus further polarizing the public. As Peter Asher noted, "Ronstadt is an extremely determined woman, in every area. To me, she was everything that feminism's about"[117]

Awards

Grammy Awards

  • 1975 - Best Country Vocal Performance, Female, "I Can't Help It (If I'm Still In Love With You)" from Heart Like a Wheel
  • 1976 - Best Pop Vocal Performance, Female, Hasten Down the Wind
  • 1980 - Best Musical Album for Children, In Harmony: A Sesame Street Record (multiple artist compilation w/ Linda Ronstadt)
  • 1987 - Best Country Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal, Trio (with Dolly Parton and Emmylou Harris)
  • 1988 - Best Mexican-American Performance, Canciones de Mi Padre
  • 1989 - Best Pop Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal, "Don't Know Much" from Cry Like a Rainstorm, Howl Like the Wind with Aaron Neville
  • 1990 - Best Pop Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal, "All My Life" from Cry Like a Rainstorm, Howl Like the Wind with Aaron Neville
  • 1992 - Best Mexican-American Album, Mas Canciones
  • 1992 - Best Tropical Latin Album, Frenesi
  • 1996 - Best Musical Album for Children, Dedicated to the One I Love
  • 1999 - Best Country Collaboration with Vocals, "After the Gold Rush" from Trio II with Dolly Parton and Emmylou Harris

Grammy Award nominations

  • 1970 - Best Contemporary Vocal Performance, Female, "Long, Long Time" from Silk Purse
  • 1975 - Album of the Year, Heart Like a Wheel
  • 1975 - Best Pop Vocal Performance, Female, Heart Like a Wheel
  • 1977 - Record of the Year, "Blue Bayou" from Simple Dreams
  • 1977 - Best Pop Vocal Performance, Female, "Blue Bayou" from Simple Dreams
  • 1980 - Best Rock Vocal Performance, Female, "How Do I Make You" from Mad Love
  • 1982 - Best Pop Vocal Performance, Female, "Get Closer" from the album Get Closer
  • 1982 - Best Rock Vocal Performance, Female, "Get Closer" from the album Get Closer
  • 1983 - Best Pop Vocal Performance, Female, What's New
  • 1985 - Best Pop Vocal Performance, Female, Lush Life
  • 1987 - Album of the Year, Trio with Dolly Parton and Emmylou Harris
  • 1987 - Best Pop Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal, "Somewhere Out There" from the soundtrack to An American Tail with James Ingram
  • 1989 - Best Pop Vocal Performance, Female, Cry Like a Rainstorm, Howl Like the Wind
  • 1999 - Best Country Album, Trio II with Dolly Parton and Emmylou Harris
  • 1999 - Best Contemporary Folk Album, Western Wall: The Tucson Sessions with Emmylou Harris
  • 2002 - Best Traditional Folk Album, Evangeline Made: A Tribute to Cajun Music, multiple artist compilation, with vocalist Ann Savoy
  • 2006 - Best Traditional Folk Album, Adieu False Heart with Ann Savoy

Emmy Award

  • 1989 - Outstanding Individual Performance in a Variety or Music Program, Linda Ronstadt, Great Performances: Canciones de Mi Padre

Tony Award nomination

  • 1981 - Tony Award for Best Performance by a Leading Actress in a Musical, Linda Ronstadt in The Pirates of Penzance as "Mabel"

Golden Globe Award nomination

  • 1983 - Best Performance by a Leading Actress in a Musical or Comedy, Linda Ronstadt in The Pirates of Penzance

Discography

Main article: Linda Ronstadt discography

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  52. ^ "Cashbox". Special Decade Award. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  53. ^ "People". WHEN WILL SHE BE LOVED? LINDA RONSTADT FINDS THE TIME, AT LAST, IS NOW, November 17, 1975. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  54. ^ "Id". People. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  55. ^ "Linda Ronstadt Singing the National Anthem at Game three of World Series". You Tube. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  56. ^ "Goldmine". Home at Last: The Journey of Linda Ronstadt by Bill DeYoung. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help); line feed character in |work= at position 44 (help)
  57. ^ "Living in the USA". Stranded- Rock and Roll for a Desert Island, John Rockwell, 1978. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  58. ^ "NPR". Wait Wait...Don't Tell Me!, April 28, 2007 Music legend Linda Ronstadt plays a game called "They Said We Were Mad at the Academy! Mad I Tell You!" Three questions about strange, but real, patents in recent years. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  59. ^ "M O J O, the Rock'n'Roll Magazine". Homecoming Queen, April 1995. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  60. ^ "NPR". Wait Wait...Don't Tell Me!, April 28, 2007 Music legend Linda Ronstadt plays a game called "They Said We Were Mad at the Academy! Mad I Tell You!" Three questions about strange, but real, patents in recent years. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  61. ^ "Id". Wait Wait...Don't Tell Me!. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  62. ^ "Linda Ronstadt". CBS News Sunday Morning December 5 2004 Interview. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help); line feed character in |work= at position 40 (help)
  63. ^ "M O J O, the Rock'n'Roll Magazine". Homecoming Queen, April 1995. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  64. ^ "Fusion". Linda Ronstadt: Female Rocker, December 26, 1969. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  65. ^ "NPR". Wait Wait...Don't Tell Me!, April 28, 2007 Music legend Linda Ronstadt plays a game called "They Said We Were Mad at the Academy! Mad I Tell You!" Three questions about strange, but real, patents in recent years. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  66. ^ "Rolling Stone". Rock's Venus. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  67. ^ "We Gotta Get Out of This Place: The True, Tough Story of Women in Rock". By Gerri Hirshey,Grove Press, p.86. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  68. ^ "Goldmine". Home at Last: The Journey of Linda Ronstadt by Bill DeYoung. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help); line feed character in |work= at position 44 (help)
  69. ^ "We Gotta Get Out of This Place: The True, Tough Story of Women in Rock". By Gerri Hirshey,Grove Press, p.86. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  70. ^ "Playboy Interview". The Ronstadt Interview. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help); line feed character in |work= at position 4 (help)
  71. ^ "Billboard Magazine". Congratulations, December 23, 1978. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  72. ^ "Playboy". Playboy Interview: Linda Ronstadt. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  73. ^ "Rolling Stone". Rock's Venus. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  74. ^ "People". ON THE CHARTS AND IN MEN'S HEARTS LINDA RONSTADT IS NO. 1 WITH A BULLET. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  75. ^ "US Magazine". The Queens of Rock. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  76. ^ "God in Popular Culture". Andrew Greeley, Chapter 14. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  77. ^ "Pat Benatar: Rock's Reluctant Sex Symbol". Record Review, December, 1980. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  78. ^ "Hit Parader". Rock Queen Conquers Broadway And Lives Happily Ever After,September 1981. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  79. ^ "AARP Segunda Juventud Online". Linda Ronstadt, The music legend opens up to AARP Segunda Juventud Online,By Anita Mabante Leach, August 2007. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  80. ^ "IBDB Internet Broadway Database, an official database presented by The League of American Theatres and Producers, Inc. In association with Theatre Development Fund and New York State". Linda Ronstadt. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  81. ^ "Newsweek". A Pop Star Goes Puccini by Jack Kroll,December 10, 1984. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  82. ^ "IBDB Internet Broadway Database, an official database presented by The League of American Theatres and Producers, Inc. In association with Theatre Development Fund and New York State". Linda Ronstadt's Canciones. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  83. ^ "The Press Enterprise". Linda Ronstadt to play at Fantasy Springs, By PAUL SAITOWITZ, Special to The Press-Enterprise. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  84. ^ "People Magazine, March 26, 1984". WHAT'S NEW WITH LINDA RONSTADT? SHE'S SINGING HER LOVE SONGS TO STAR WARS CZAR GEORGE LUCAS. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  85. ^ "NPR". Wait Wait...Don't Tell Me!, April 28, 2007 · Music legend Linda Ronstadt plays a game called "They Said We Were Mad at the Academy! Mad I Tell You!" Three questions about strange, but real, patents in recent years. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  86. ^ "The Gazette". Great musicians and their legions of paying fans deserve a great venue. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  87. ^ "Jerry Jazz Musician". The Peter Levinson Interview. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  88. ^ "Music: Linda Leads the Band, September 26, 1983". Time Magazine. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  89. ^ "Id". Interview. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  90. ^ "Id". Interview. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  91. ^ "The New York Times". LINDA RONSTADT CELEBRATES THE GOLDEN AGE OF POP, By Stephen Holden Published: September 4, 1983. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  92. ^ "The New York Times". LINDA RONSTADT CELEBRATES THE GOLDEN AGE OF POP, By Stephen Holden Published: September 4, 1983. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  93. ^ "Jazz Times Review". Humming To Myself. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  94. ^ "Tucson'sRonstadtFamily". The Arizona Library. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help); line feed character in |work= at position 4 (help)
  95. ^ "AARP Segunda Juventud Online". Linda Ronstadt, The music legend opens up to AARP Segunda Juventud Online,By Anita Mabante Leach, August 2007. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  96. ^ "American Way". Linda Ronstadt's New Old Flame- Mexican Music. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  97. ^ "Rolling Stone". The Rolling Stone Interview. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help); line feed character in |work= at position 4 (help)
  98. ^ "Linda Ronstadt radio interview on KQED". Michael Krasny, Forum, July 19, 2006. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  99. ^ "Tokyo Dome". Concert to commemorate John Lennon's 50th birthday. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  100. ^ "MIX, Magazine on professional audio and music production Audio". Linda Ronstadt December 1, 2000 by DAN DALEY. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help); line feed character in |work= at position 15 (help)
  101. ^ "Amazon". The NPR Curious Listener's Guide To American Folk Music, by Kip Lornell (Author), Linda Ronstadt (Foreword). {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  102. ^ "Barnes & Noble". Classic Ferrington Guitars by Kate Giel (Editor), Linda Ronstadt (Introduction). {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help); line feed character in |work= at position 27 (help)
  103. ^ "The Eagles to Perform at Staples Center". New Years Eve. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  104. ^ "Linda Ronstadt". Album and Guest Appearances. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  105. ^ "RIAA". Ronstadt's RIAA Certified Gold and Platinum. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  106. ^ "Playboy". Playboy Interview: Linda Ronstadt. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  107. ^ "RIAA". The Best Selling Artist Tallies. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  108. ^ "Ronstadt Facts". The Real Sales. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help); line feed character in |work= at position 4 (help)
  109. ^ "Joel Whitburn's The Billboard Albums". Linda Ronstadt's Top Pop Albums. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help); line feed character in |work= at position 17 (help)
  110. ^ "We Gotta Get Out of This Place: The True, Tough Story of Women in Rock". By Gerri Hirshey,Grove Press, p.86. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  111. ^ "M O J O, the Rock'n'Roll Magazine". Homecoming Queen, April 1995. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  112. ^ "Rich Bailey Interview". Dennis James discusses his career, his current CD, and working with Linda Ronstadt, January 2002. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  113. ^ "The Progressive". Linda Ronstadt Gets the Hook at Aladdin, by Matthew Rothschild July 21, 2004. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  114. ^ "Las Vegas Review-Journal". Aladdin officials defend eviction of singer after political comments. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  115. ^ "Michael Moore". Open Letter to Bill Timmins, President Aladdin Casino and Hotels. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  116. ^ "New York Times". Opinion piece on how Ronstadt was thrown out of the Aladdin casino, Desperadoes, New York Times July 21, 2004. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |work= (help); Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  117. ^ "M O J O, the Rock'n'Roll Magazine". Homecoming Queen, April 1995. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)

Articles and Interviews

External links

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