Teschen district

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Administrative division of Austrian Silesia (1900)

The district of Teschen ( Polish : Powiat polityczny Cieszyn ) was a political district in Austrian Silesia in the years 1850–1855 and 1868–1918 / 1920. Its area included parts of the Olsa region (Cieszyn Silesia) in today's states of Poland ( Silesian Voivodeship , Powiat Cieszyński ) and the Czech Republic ( Moravskoslezský kraj , Okres Frýdek-Místek and Okres Karviná ). The seat of the district administration was the city of Teschen, today Cieszyn in Poland and Český Těšín in the Czech Republic. After the First World War , the district fell to Poland and Czechoslovakia .

history

In the years 1850–1855 the Teschen district also included Freistadt and 1868–1901 also Friedek.

In 1880 the district had 101 parishes (49 in the judicial district of Teschen, 32 in the judicial district of Friedek, 20 in the judicial district of Jablunkau). In 1890 there were 102 municipalities ( Žermanice was separated from Horní Bludovice ), on January 1, 1890 103 municipalities (Lomna was separated into Dolní Lomná and Horní Lomná ). On October 1, 1901, the Friedek judicial district became a separate district with 33 parishes. According to this, the Teschen district had an area of ​​730 km² and comprised 70 communities (49 in the Teschen judicial district and 21 in the Teschen Jablunkau judicial district).

Results of the censuses of 1880, 1890, 1900 and 1910 in the judicial districts of Teschen and Jablunkau:

1880 1890 1900 1910
Judicial district Teschen 51,099 54,663 62,044 71,809
Polish speaking 34,551 (69.1%) 39,258 (73.6%) 42,380 (70.2%) 47,982 (68.3%)
Czech speaking 7,536 (15.1%) 4,912 (9.2%) 5,320 (8.8%) 6,033 (8.6%)
German speaking 7,869 (15.8%) 9,150 (17.2%) 12,583 (20.9%) 16,133 (23%)
Jablunkau judicial district 24,413 26,738 28,987 30,743
Polish speaking 24,371 (97.5%) 25,607 (97.4%) 27,614 (97%) 26,165 (96.4%)
Czech speaking 93 (0.4%) 63 (0.2%) 86 (0.3%) 171 (0.6%)
German speaking 538 (2.1%) 622 (2.4%) 773 (2.7%) 912 (3%)

Traditionally, after the spin-off of the Friedek district, the district was inhabited by the so-called Teschener Wallachians (Polish Wałasi ) in the north and Silesian Gorals in the south, who spoke the Teschen and Jablunkau dialects . The results of the censuses and other factors affecting national identity are still discussed today (see: Czechoslovak-Polish border conflicts ).

In 1910, 56,924 (55.5%) people were Roman Catholic, 42,738 (41.7%) Protestant, 2,689 (2.6%) Jewish, 201 were of other faith. There were around 5500 (5.5%) immigrants from Galicia , 4300 (0.9%) came from Bohemia and Moravia.

  • Teschner Schlesien (1910): Polish language

  • ... Czech Language

  • ... German language

  • ... Catholics

  • ... Lutherans

Localities

Community structure (1910)

In 1910, the judicial districts in Teschen and Jablunkau existed in the area of ​​the district ; the following locations were assigned to these:

Jablunkau judicial district:

  1. Bistrzitz
  2. Boconowitz
  3. Bukowetz
  4. Grudek
  5. Istebna
  6. Jablunkau (districts: Biala-Burgrecht, Schigla, Pioseczna )
  7. Jaworzinka
  8. Karpentna
  9. Koniakau
  10. Koszarzisk
  11. Lischbitz
  12. Under Lomna
  13. Upper Lomna (districts: Upper Lomna, Przelacz)
  14. Millikau
  15. Mosty
  16. Nawsi
  17. Niedek
  18. Oldrzychowitz
  19. Piosek
  20. Tyra
  21. Wendrin

Judicial district Teschen:

  1. Bażanowitz
  2. Lower Bludowitz
  3. Bobrek
  4. Brzezuwka
  5. Lower Dattin
  6. Dobratitz (districts: Bukowitz, Dobratitz)
  7. Nieder Domaslowitz (districts: Kotzurowitz, Niederdomaslowitz, Wolowetz)
  8. Upper Domaslowitz
  9. Dzingelau
  10. Cameraman Ellgoth
  11. Grodischcz
  12. Gumna
  13. Gutty
  14. Haslach
  15. Hnojnik
  16. Kojkowitz
  17. Konskau
  18. Kotzobendz (districts: Allodial Ellgoth , Kotzobendz, Thiergarten / Podobora / Zwierzyniec)
  19. Krasna
  20. Lower Lischna
  21. Upper Lischna
  22. Mistrzowitz (districts: Koniakau, Mistrzowitz)
  23. Mönichhof
  24. Mosty
  25. Niebory
  26. Ogrodzon
  27. Pastwisk (districts: Boguschowitz , Kalembitz , Pastwisk)
  28. Pogwisdau (districts: Marklowitz , Pogwisdau)
  29. Punzau
  30. Roppitz
  31. Rzeka
  32. Schibitz (districts: Blogotitz , Schibitz)
  33. Schöbischowitz (districts: Nieder Schöbischowitz, Ober Schöbischowitz, Pitrau)
  34. Schumbarg
  35. Smilowitz (districts: Rakowetz, Smilowitz)
  36. Stanislowitz
  37. Teschen (districts: Brandeis, Freistädter Vorstadt, Kleine Wiese, Mühlgraben, Sachsenberg, Steinplatz, Teschen)
  38. Lower Tieritzko
  39. Ober Tierlitzko
  40. Lower Toschonowitz
  41. Ober Toschonowitz (districts: Ober Toschonowitz, Poleniny)
  42. Trzanowitz (districts: Nieder Trzanowitz, Ober Trzanowitz)
  43. Trzynietz
  44. Trzytiesch
  45. Wielopoli
  46. Zamarsk
  47. Nieder Zukau
  48. Upper future
  49. Zywotitz

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Janusz Gruchała, Krzysztof Nowak: Śląsk Cieszyński od Wiosny Ludów do I wojny światowej (1848–1918) . Starostwo Powiatowe w Cieszynie, Cieszyn 2013, ISBN 978-83-935147-3-1 , p. 12-13 (Polish).
  2. ↑ a b Kazimierz Piątkowski: Stosunki narodowościowe w Księstwie Cieszyńskiem . Macierz Szkolna Księstwa Cieszyńskiego, Cieszyn 1918, p. 4–5 (Polish, online ).
  3. ^ A b c Ludwig Patryn (ed): The results of the census of December 31, 1910 in Silesia . Troppau 1912 ( online ).
  4. ↑ Kazimierz Piątkowski: Stosunki narodowościowe w Księstwie Cieszyńskiem ( Polish ). Macierz Szkolna Księstwa Cieszyńskiego, Cieszyn 1918, pp. 12, 72-75.
  5. ↑ Janusz Gruchała, Krzysztof Nowak: Śląsk Cieszyński od Wiosny Ludów do I wojny światowej (1848–1918) . Starostwo Powiatowe w Cieszynie, Cieszyn 2013, ISBN 978-83-935147-3-1 , p. 20 (Polish).
  6. ↑ Śląsk Cieszyński od Wiosny Ludów ..., 2013, p. 16.