Goethe (ship)

Goethe

Goethe on the anniversary trip on July 20, 2013

Ship data flag  Malta Ship type Passenger ship Callsign SHA2005 home port Valletta Owner KD Europe S.à rl Shipping company Cologne-Düsseldorfer Shipyard Sachsenberg brothers, Cologne-Deutz Build number 709 building-costs 305,000 RM (1913) 2,378,500 DM (1953) 13,000,000 DM (1996) 727,000 € (2009) baptism August 3, 1913 Launch July 22, 1913 Commissioning 4th August 1913 reactivation August 28, 1996 Decommissioning September 1989

Ship dimensions and crew length 83.25 m ( Lüa ) 76.35 m ( Lpp ) width 8.25 m above wheel arches: 15.70 m Side height 2.80 m Draft Max. 1.55 m displacement 744  t   crew 35

Machinery from 1913 machine 2-cylinder superheated steam compound machine indicated performance 700 hp (515 kW)

Machine system from 2009 machine 2 × Iveco C13ENTM50.30 with 367 kW each Machine performance 734 kW (998 hp) Top speed 13.4 kn (25 km / h) propeller 2 side wheels ∅ 4 m 1 × Schottel -SPJ57 T ( bow thruster ) 1 × Schottel STT060 LK EL ( transverse thruster control system )

Transport capacities Permitted number of passengers 990

The Goethe is a paddle wheel driven passenger ship of KD Europe S.à rl , which is operated in the time charter by the Cologne-Düsseldorf Deutsche Rheinschiffahrt . It is used in the main season from the end of April to the beginning of October with a fixed timetable between Koblenz and Rüdesheim . In the case of special trips and low water in the Middle Rhine area , the ship also operates on other routes.

On August 4, 1913, the Goethe was put into service as the last smooth deck steamer for the combined transport of people and goods by the Prussian-Rhenish Steamship Company . In the mid-1920s it was converted into a double-deck saloon steamer. On March 3, 1945, two of America destroyed low-flying aircraft dropped bombs the stern of as accommodation for Soviet forced laborers serving paddle steamer . In this serious attack on a ship belonging to the Cologne-Düsseldorfer in World War II , 20 forced laborers and a Goethe machinist were killed.

After the reconstruction in the years 1952/53, the side paddle steamer ran on the express service between Cologne and Mainz until it was decommissioned in October 1989 . The shipping company commissioned in 1995 a complete renovation of the Goethe to them as nostalgic steamboat in by tourists busy Upper Middle Rhine Valley to use. Until the steam engine broke down in 2008, the Goethe was the last paddle steamer to sail on the German Rhine . Despite public protests, the shipping company had the ship converted to a diesel-hydraulic drive for economic reasons . The Cologne-Düsseldorfer made the expanded, listed steam engine available to the Cologne City Museum as a permanent loan . After the renovation, Goethe was transferred to the Luxembourg subsidiary KD Europe S.à rl and flagged out to Malta .

history

Construction and commissioning

The smooth-deck steamer Goethe shortly after delivery in the summer of 1913

As a replacement for the EM Arndt steamer , which was retired in 1912 , the Preußisch-Rheinische Dampfschiffahrts-Gesellschaft (PRDG) ordered a smooth-deck steamer from the Sachsenberg brothers' shipyard in Cologne-Deutz , which was to be used in combined freight and passenger transport. The launch of the ship manufactured under construction number 709 took place on July 22nd, 1913, the acceptance run on August 2nd. The festive maiden voyage led from Cologne to Koblenz on the following day with numerous guests of honor and members of the PRDG Board of Directors . It was the second ship that the PRDG named after the poet Johann Wolfgang von Goethe . From August 4, 1913, the Cologne-Düsseldorfer operating group used the Goethe in plan service between Koblenz and Mainz . Goethe was the last ship that the two shipping companies of the joint venture commissioned for combined freight and passenger transport. The smooth-deck steamer had two cargo compartments in the fore and aft of the lower deck, which were equipped with hatches from two small steam cranes permanently mounted on board . The front area of ​​the main deck , which was also used to transport goods in the winter months, could be covered with a sun protection sail. The loading devices were dismantled in the summer months so that the entire main deck was available to passengers. For them there was a saloon in the aft part of the lower deck and a large dining room above on the main deck. The crew and supply rooms were in the wheel arches and on the lower deck. On the smaller upper deck beginning above the wheel arches there was an open rowing chair and a vacant aft deck that could be used by passengers. At the time of commissioning, the ship was 77.80 m long and 15.65 m wide. The coal-fired steamship was allowed to carry up to 1660 passengers.

From the first to the beginning of the Second World War

The side paddle steamer Goethe on the Rhine near Sankt Goarshausen, July 1924

The double-deck saloon steamer Goethe on the Middle Rhine (1936)

During the First World War , the KD used the steamer in regular scheduled service. After the end of the war, during the occupation of the Rhineland , the ship had to be rented to the chief of the field railroad on the instructions of the French crew. The Goethe was assigned to the shipping group West . It was used from January 21 to November 18, 1919 as a troop transport or to transport goods. Due to a railroad strike, the Cologne-Düsseldorfer took over the mail transport between Ludwigshafen and Xanten from March 11 to December 17, 1923 . A post office was set up on the ship, and the front area of ​​the main deck served as a storage area for parcels. Since the economic upswing in the "Golden Twenties" increased the need for luxuriously equipped passenger ships and at the same time the freight volume fell due to the competing, ever faster railway, the shipping company converted the Goethe into a double-deck saloon steamer in the winter of 1924/25. The superstructures of the main and upper decks were extended up to the foredeck and the oar chair was installed in the middle of the ship above the upper deck. After the conversion work was completed in April 1925, the Goethe was allowed to carry up to 2400 passengers and was mainly used in the express service between Cologne and Mainz. From 1934 to September 1939, the National Socialist organization Kraft durch Freude occasionally used the ship for excursions. During a further renovation in 1938, the steamer was given a fixed, weatherproof rowing chair.

Second World War

The laid-up shipwreck in the Düsseldorf harbor

The Goethe at the Loreley (1960)

With completely white paint (1973)

After the outbreak of the Second World War, the shipping company used the ship again in combined passenger and freight traffic. The transport of goods had become necessary to maintain the status of war importance for the KD . This ensured that the shipping company was allocated the necessary operating materials such as coal, lubricants and metal spare parts and that the conscripted personnel could stay on the ships. In March 1941 , the Goethe was given a blue-gray camouflage to provide better protection from air raids .

Shortly before the downhill Goethe wanted to pass the Koblenz ship bridge on July 29, 1942, two high-explosive bombs exploded in the immediate vicinity. 21 of the 600 passengers were injured by the pressure wave. The aft ship's bottom on the starboard side was dented and leaked, the rudder was damaged. After the repairs at the Cologne shipyard by Ewald Berninghaus , the steamer could only be used again from June 11, 1943. In the spring of 1944, the Cologne-Düsseldorfer secured most of the Goethe inventory in a barge that was anchored in the port of Sankt Goarshausen . Until an engine failure on August 7, 1944, the shipping company continued to use the ship in liner service.

As of September 1944, Union Rheinische Braunkohlen fuel AG rented the ship in Wesseling as accommodation for the forced laborers who were employed in their plant . After the operation of the hydrogenation plant could no longer be maintained after several heavy bombing raids, the NSDAP district leadership in Ahrweiler took over the Goethe as a residential ship with berth in Oberwinter . Several hundred Soviet were on board forced laborers quartered that the Western Wall for the levy of trenches were used. Although the steamer was anchored below a high retaining wall on the Hindenburgufer on the left bank of the Rhine to protect it from the bombers, which mostly approached from the west, it was targeted by two American low- flying planes on the afternoon of March 3, 1945 . Two bombs hit the stern and completely destroyed it. About 20 forced laborers and the ship's first engineer on board were killed in the attack, and other people were injured, some seriously. The forced laborers who were killed were buried the next day in the cemetery in Oberwinter. Since 2003, a memorial plaque on the “Siebengebirgsblick” rest area on Bundesstraße 9 has been commemorating the site of the accident that has since been built over.

From reconstruction to the 1960s

The fore and middle aisles as well as the boiler and machine system could be lifted in April 1949. The shipping company then transferred the parts to Düsseldorf . The destroyed aft ship remained in Oberwinter and was only lifted in 1952 and scrapped on site. In autumn 1951, the PRDG negotiated with the shipyard Christof Ruthof about rebuilding. The plan was to add the shortened aft section of the Ostmark steamer, which was also destroyed, to the existing hull sections . On December 1, 1951, the two parties came to an agreement. The agreed costs for the under construction no. N1368 to be rebuilt side wheel steamer was at 1,128,500 DM . After delivery of the provisionally riveted hull parts, it turned out that the assembly of the stern of the Ostmark was not possible, so that the new construction of this part of the ship was commissioned after the approval of the supervisory board . The costs increased to 2,378,500 DM.

During the construction, all decks were cantilevered designs and the constructions using aluminum in lightweight running. The foredeck of the Goethe was lengthened and given a new, modern bow with a slightly flared stem . The superstructures of the upper deck, which was provided with a fixed roof, were slightly shorter than those of the main deck, so that a sun deck could be set up in the front area. For the wall cladding, the interior decorators used various precious woods , some of which were provided with elaborate carvings on the history of the Cologne-Düsseldorfers and the life of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe . In order to avoid the effects of uncontrolled water ingress, the hull was divided with six watertight bulkheads . For control purposes, the shipyard installed a Hitzler rudder and three freely suspended balance rudders that can be swiveled through 360 °. With the acceptance run on April 11, 1953, the Ruthof shipyard handed over the completed ship to the PRDG. The overall length was 83.25 m on delivery, the water displacement was given as 500  m³ . As before the destruction, the permitted passenger capacity was set at 2400.

The festive maiden voyage of the newly rebuilt Goethe led on May 4th 1953 from Bingen am Rhein via Braubach to Mainz. All mayors and representatives of tourism from the towns on the Middle Rhine were on board as guests . Only five days later, was Goethe , together with the passenger ship Cologne as an anniversary ship for the centenary of the Prussian Rhine Steamship Company Cologne and the Steamship Company for the low- and middle Rhine (DGNM) jointly controlled joint business Cologne-Düsseldorf Rhine shipping in use . The festival trip led down the valley from Mainz to Cologne. This time representatives of the federal government, diplomats and many other guests of honor took part in the trip. Eight other KD steamers escorted the two festival ships from Köln-Weiß to their destination at the Frankenwerft in Cologne. From May 12, 1953, the Cologne-Düsseldorfer put the ship back in the regular timetable of the high-speed Cologne-Mainz-Cologne.

In cooperation with the boiler manufacturer Babcock & Wilcox , the PRDG presented the firing of Goethe in the spring of 1956 by charcoal on heavy fuel oil to. Due to new safety guidelines, the authorities reduced the license on August 18, 1959 to 1650 people. In the winter of 1965/66, the Goethe was painted completely white, without the yellow hull tape previously common for KD ships. On May 16, 1967, the DGNM and the Preußisch-Rheinische Dampfschiffahrtsgesellschaft merged to form the Cologne-Düsseldorfer Deutsche Rheinschiffahrt AG . The ownership of all ships of the two companies was transferred to the new company.

Just two days after the transmission, the paddle steamer collided with the cargo ship Nordland V, which was traveling uphill at Boppard . The damage to the port paddle wheel and the crankshaft was so severe that the ship was no longer maneuverable. The passengers on board were taken over by the passenger ship Deutschland . After an emergency repair, the ship was transferred to the Ruthof shipyard. As a replacement, the Goethe received a refurbished paddle wheel from the decommissioned steamer Elberfeld . On July 19, 1967, the repair was completed. In another accident , caused by too far ausschwenkenden last barge of a Swiss the convoy in the amount of Loreley on 21 September 1967 touched the driving to Valley Goethe with the port steering the gunwale of the boat. Due to the damage to the side wheel, the steamer was unable to maneuver and drifted past the Loreley. After the skipper had succeeded in turning the side wheels backwards, the ship could be moored at the Steiger in Sankt Goar .

From 1970 until retirement in 1989

The Goethe in "oldtimer paint"

Visit to the 60th birthday of the museum ship Mannheim (1989)

Due to age, the maintenance effort for the steam engine and the original boiler system increased from the early 1970s . Since the rest of the ship was still in very good condition, unlike other paddle steamers operated by the Cologne-Düsseldorf company, the shipping company decided to continue using the Goethe alongside the Mainz and Rüdesheim, even after the steamships that had become uneconomical due to the oil crisis in 1973 operate. On April 21, 1975 the ship was given the official European number 4200370. On the occasion of the 150th anniversary of the PRDG, the shipping company redesigned the lounges according to plans by the architect Hans von Buschmann in the 1975/76 winter break in what is known as the nostalgic look. Associated with this was a new paint job, called "oldtimer paint" in the following year, which emphasized the wheel arches more strongly with red applications and was intended to remind of the earlier KD paddle steamers with a wide yellow body band. In addition, the entire electrical installation was renewed so that separate 220/380 volt on- board operation was possible. In a further modernization measure in the spring of 1979, the Goethe also received fixed glazing in the rear area of ​​the upper deck. This weather-protected area made it possible for the shipping company to only open the upper deck when the number of passengers is low, thus reducing personnel and energy costs.

On the occasion of the 60th anniversary of the commissioning of the former KD paddle steamer Mainz , which was now firmly anchored on the Neckar in Mannheim as a branch of the State Museum for Technology and Work , a festival trip with the Goethe was organized on August 8, 1989 , which included a meeting of the two ships and a large press reception ended. This was one of the last trips of the Goethe for the time being , as it put the Cologne-Düsseldorfer out of service after the season because of the ailing steam boiler system. According to a report by TÜV Rheinland , the boiler and the piping would have had to be replaced. In addition, the safety equipment on board should have been improved. At that time, this was not possible due to cost reasons. The steamer was launched in the port of Cologne-Niehl and used as a storage ship.

The 1990s

At the scheduled departure point in Koblenz (2003)

Near Trechtlingshausen (2009)

From November 2nd to 15th, 1990, the discarded steamer was used as a filming location for the German crime comedy Pizza Colonia with Mario Adorf and Willy Millowitsch . For this purpose she was towed to a riser at the Frankenwerft in Cologne and transformed into the floating restaurant La Linea by means of a sign above the starboard gallery . After filming, she was towed back to port.

On April 21, 1992, the Friends of Paddle Steamer Goethe was founded in Cologne . This association had set itself the goal of persuading the Cologne-Düsseldorfer to restart the steamship. The initiators feared that with the decommissioning of the Goethe the end of the age of the steamships on the Rhine was finally sealed. In 1993 the supervisory board was persuaded to at least consider restarting. The board of directors was commissioned to obtain drafts for the necessary modernization for recommissioning. However, none of the submitted concepts could be financed, so that the planning had to be discarded. At the end of 1993 the Westdeutsche Landesbank took over the loss-making shipping company. The main task of the newly appointed board was to modernize the outdated fleet. After initially commissioning the construction of the three new passenger ships Godesburg , Marksburg and Loreley , he decided to have the side paddle steamer Goethe refurbished for nostalgic trips on the Middle Rhine between Koblenz and Rüdesheim .

The Cologne architects Vaupel & Partner received the order for the project management and planning of the measure budgeted with 14,000,000 DM. The concept designed by the architects included the installation of a new steam boiler system from the Dutch manufacturer Novum as well as the renovation of the hull, the steam engine and the paddle wheels while preserving the original parts as much as possible. The passenger areas were to be equipped with air conditioning and designed to be handicapped accessible in the nostalgic Art Deco style. New open passenger areas were to be created on the wheel arches. On July 25, 1995, the Cologne-Düsseldorfer commissioned the Dutch shipyard De Biesbosch in Dordrecht with the implementation of the measure. On 30 July 1995, the Swiss convicted pushboat Alpina the Goethe in the axis group to Boatyard, she immediately upon arrival at the slipway moved. The one under construction no. 37765 rehabilitated ship was launched on May 31, 1996. Then the redesign of the interior began. After a test drive on August 18, 1996, the modernized steamer was transferred to the port of Cologne-Niehl for final equipment . The actual cost of the project was DM 13,000,000.

Just in time for the 247th birthday of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe on August 28, 1996, Cathedral Provost Bernard Henrichs blessed the ship in the presence of Cologne Mayor Renate Canisius , KD board member Joachim Kerkering and another 300 guests of honor at jetty 4 in front of Cologne's old town . The subsequent festival trip led to Wesseling and back. Since the Goethe had not been delivered on time, the day before it was put back into operation, due to insufficient test drives, it only received a temporary ship certificate with approval for up to 500 passengers. That is why the shipping company tested the paddle steamer on a daily basis on tours in Mainz, Cologne and Koblenz. When there were no more problems, the ship took over its first scheduled voyage from Koblenz to Rüdesheim on September 9, 1996. On September 12th, it received the regular ship's certificate with a license for 750 passengers, which was increased to 990 just four months later by the Duisburg Waterways and Shipping Authority after another check .

From 2000 until today

With Christmas decorations in the Advent season 2010 at the Cologne pier

On the transfer trip at the beginning of the 2015 season in Cologne-Niehl

After West LB had carved out the Swiss subsidiary KD Triton AG, which was responsible for the particularly loss-making river cruise division, from Cologne-Düsseldorf Deutsche Rheinschiffahrt , it sold its majority stake of 98.37% on March 9, 2000 to Munich-based Premicon AG , a provider of closed Ship funds . In order to ensure profitability for the shareholders, KD reduced its offer in the no longer profitable classic day trip traffic and at the same time expanded the segment of event and adventure trips. The Goethe was therefore used for dinner and Advent trips in addition to its regular timetable services. In order to compensate for the significantly higher operating costs of the side-wheel steamer compared to modern passenger ships and to secure its future use, the shipping company wanted to initiate a support group for the maintenance of the paddle-wheel steamer Goethe in 2002 . In return, the members of this association should receive an annual free ticket for all KD ships, and the company logos and the names of the sponsors should be engraved on a board in the entrance hall of the steamer. However, the foundation of the sponsoring association did not come about, so that from 2004 the KD levied a "steamer surcharge" of 1.20 euros on every ticket purchased for Goethe, which was increased to 1.60 euros in 2006 due to increased energy costs.

An evaluation on August 28, 2006 showed that the Goethe had driven a total of 212,093 kilometers since its return to service exactly ten years ago and carried 1,521,343 passengers. The steam engine ran for 18,694 hours and consumed around 350 liters of light heating oil per operating hour . The average consumption was 75 percent higher than in a comparable operation with conventional diesel engines . In the 2008 season, technicians discovered that the engine block had cracked. The crack was probably a late consequence of the bombing of 1945. The repair of the old steam engine would have cost 400,000 euros - a new one 2,000,000 euros. Since the inland ship inspection regulations also stipulate two machines running independently of each other for all ships undergoing the main inspection from 2015 in order to maintain their maneuverability, the shipping company management decided in favor of the more economical conversion to a diesel-hydraulic drive . For this measure, 1,000,000 euros were budgeted, which should be financed through an investment loan with a 2014 payment term. This decision caused resistance from many steam and technology fans. In order to prevent the conversion, the opponents of the expansion demanded that the entire ship should be placed under monument protection. The monument authority could only advocate the protection of the steam engine, since in their opinion no other components were worth preserving due to the various renovation and modernization measures. A protest action organized by an action alliance on 30./31. August 2008 should dissuade the shipping company management from their plan. The demonstrators distributed leaflets and badges with the appeal "not to rob Goethe of their hearts" at all the Goethe landing stages . KD board member Norbert Schmitz showed understanding for the demonstrators, but pointed out that repairs were not justifiable from an economic point of view.

On October 5, 2008 the Goethe drove for the last time in scheduled service under steam, two days later then without passengers from Koblenz to the conversion to the Mülheim port . The Cologne shipyard Deutz expanded the steam engine and its foundations and, in collaboration with DSD Hilgers Stahlbau , converted the ship to the new drive. The new diesel machines were installed in two separate rooms to ensure the required fire protection. Since the skipper can control the diesel engines himself, the engine telegraph was dismantled. A small electrically operated steam boiler from the Bremen manufacturer Dino was set up specifically to generate the signal tone typical of the Goethe to operate the steam whistles . The listed steam engine was given to the Cologne City Museum as a permanent loan . The cost of the retrofitting measure was 727,000 euros. When the Goethe was completed in April 2009, it was sold by Cologne-Düsseldorfer's Luxembourg subsidiary KD Europe S.à rl for 602,000 euros and flagged out to Malta with its new home port Valletta . Prior to that, it had been registered with the home port of Cologne under the Prussian and German flags since its commissioning. Since then, she has been used again in the time charter during the main season on her main route Koblenz – Rüdesheim – Koblenz without a steamer surcharge. After a fire on August 18, 2011 in Oberwesel , the starboard diesel engine had to be replaced.

technical description

General plan of Goethe (1952)

Bow and stern view

Starboard view

Port view

Hull, decks and fittings

The Goethe is a monohull ship with a pointed bow, a slightly flared steamer stem and a cruiser stern . The hull consists of riveted steel plates on frames . In order to avoid uncontrolled water ingress, the hull was divided into eight watertight areas with transverse bulkheads during the reconstruction in 1952/53 . The superstructures were made in lightweight construction. The use of aluminum reduced the weight by 30 tons compared to the usual steel construction  . The ship has three fixed decks with fixed side panels. In the bow area of the upper deck and on both wheel wells sundecks have been established. The fully covered and laterally open upper aft deck is secured with a railing. The four air-conditioned dining lounges on the main and upper decks are paneled with Oregon Pine and have a continuous parquet floor. When it came to the interior design, interior designers were based on Art Deco , which is intended to be a reminder of the great times of steam shipping in the 1920s and 1930s. The main deck with the toilet facilities is barrier-free . In addition to the machinery, the storage rooms and crew cabins were set up on the lower deck .

Since the reconstruction in 1952, the ship has been 83.25 m long, 8.25 m wide (15.70 m over wheel arches). The draft is given with a maximum load of 260  t with 1.55 m. The water displacement when empty is 744.2 t. The side height of the hull is 2.80 m and the height above the water level is 9.20 m. The Goethe can carry up to 990 passengers with a usable area of around 740  m² , but only 500 seats are offered in the regular service.

Drive and control

Eight movable, three-meter-wide paddles were mounted on each of the two four-meter-high side wheels. Since 2009, these have been driven by hydraulic motors from the Swedish manufacturer BAE Systems Hägglunds that are flanged directly onto the wheel shafts and can be controlled separately. With a maximum of 36 revolutions per minute, a top speed of 25 km / h on the valley and 14 km / h on the mountain is achieved. The mechanical energy required for the diesel-hydraulic drive is generated by two 6-cylinder Iveco Cursor 13 engines, each with an output of 367 kW at 2000 rpm. The spatially separated diesel engines consume a total of 150 liters of diesel fuel per operating hour . In addition to a hydraulically controlled two surface rudder, the ship has to better maneuvering a powered by a 195 kW electric motor driven thruster type Schottel -Pumpjet SPJ57 T and at the rear by a bow thruster of the type Schottel STT060 LK EL , with an electric motor with a power of 100 kW is operated. The power supply on board is ensured by two diesel generators .

Until the renovation in 2008/09, the side gears were driven by a sloping two-cylinder cross-head compound steam engine with valve control from the Sachsenberg brothers with an output of 700  hp via push rods . The necessary steam pressure of 9  kp / cm² was last generated by two steam boilers from the Dutch manufacturer Novum . With a heating surface of 100 m² they produced up to 3  tons of steam per hour with a consumption of 350  liters of light heating oil . The original steam boiler, which was expanded in 1996, required 500 liters of heavy fuel oil with a heating surface of 285 m² for the same steam generation .

• Technical equipment
• 

  Iveco Cursor 13 ENTM50.30

• 

  Hydraulic oil tank

• 

  Hägglund's hydraulic motor

• 

  Diesel generator

• 

  Steam engine (1960)

• 

  Steering position

literature

• Georg Fischbach: The ships of the Cologne-Düsseldorfer 1826-2004 . Self-published, Marienhausen 2004, ISBN 3-00-016046-9 .
• AF Napp-Zinn: 100 years of Cologne-Düsseldorf Rhine steam shipping, in particular destruction and reconstruction 1939–1953 . M. DuMont Schauberg, Cologne 1953.
• Stephan Nuding: 175 years of Cologne-Düsseldorf Deutsche Rheinschiffahrt AG . Schardt Oldenburg 2001, ISBN 978-3-89841-035-9 .
• Hans Rindt and Gunter Dexheimer (eds.): The ships of the Cologne-Düsseldorfer then and now . Self-published, Stockstadt / Rhein 1987.
• Gerd Schuth: 100 years of Goethe on the Rhine . Sutton Verlag, Erfurt 2013, ISBN 978-3-95400-173-6 .
• Anton Simons: Contemporary history in Oberwinter: The day on which the "Goethe" sank , general-anzeiger-bonn.de, March 3, 2020

Web links

Commons : Goethe (Schiff)  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files

• Page about Goethe on the Cologne-Düsseldorfer website
• Friends of the paddle steamer Goethe
• Video from Bekiso Film: Steam engine in the Goethe steamer
• Memorial plaque in Oberwinter, where the Goethe was sunk in 1945.

Individual evidence

1. ^ ^{A b} Walter Buschmann: The paddle wheel steamer Goethe and his steam engine. Retrieved March 1, 2013 . 
2. ↑ ^{a b c d} Cologne-Düsseldorfer Deutsche Rheinschiffahrt AG (Ed.): Paddle wheel ship Goethe, technical data.
3. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j} Georg Fischbach: The ships of the Cologne-Düsseldorfer 1826–2004 , self-published, Cologne 2004
4. ↑ Horst Eckertz: The fateful hour of the "Goethe" before Oberwinter. A contemporary witness saw the sinking 60 years ago. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on January 12, 2014 ; accessed on March 1, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
5. ↑ Kölnische Rundschau: Rest area inaugurated and chronicle presented. Retrieved March 18, 2013 . 
6. ^ Ship investigation commission Cologne: Official ship certificate from May 17, 1956 . Quoted from Georg Fischbach: The ships of the Cologne-Düsseldorfer 1826–2004 , p. 487.
7. ↑ Cologne Ship Investigation Commission: Official ship certificate from August 18, 1959 . Quoted from Georg Fischbach: The ships of the Cologne-Düsseldorfer 1826–2004 , p. 487.
8. ↑ Vaupel + Partner: Project page: Reconstruction and modernization of the historic saloon steamer for 1000 passengers. Retrieved March 13, 2013 . 
9. ↑ Georg Fischbach: The ships of the Cologne-Düsseldorfer 1826-2004 , self-published, Cologne 2004, p. 491 to p. 493 with references to the ship's certificates of August 21, August 28 and September 12, 1996 and February 13, 1997.
10. ^ Report on the 2002 financial year of the Cologne-Düsseldorfer Deutsche Rheinschiffahrt AG: Foreword by the Management Board , p. 3.
11. ^ Image on board the Goethe: Goethe has been back on the road for ten years. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on January 12, 2014 ; Retrieved March 13, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
12. ↑ E. Hackenbruch: The end of the GOETHE as a paddle steamer. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on February 27, 2013 ; Retrieved March 13, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
13. ^ Rhein-Zeitung: Goethe: Massive protest against reconstruction. Retrieved March 13, 2013 . 
14. ↑ Cologne shipyard Deutz: Reference page: traditional steamer Goethe. Retrieved March 13, 2013 . 
15. ↑ DSD HILGERS Stahlbau GmbH: Reference page : paddle wheel ship "Goethe". (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on January 12, 2014 ; Retrieved March 13, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
16. ^ Rhein-Zeitung: "Goethe" is again setting the tone in the Middle Rhine Valley. Retrieved March 13, 2013 . 
17. ↑ Cologne-Düsseldorfer Deutsche Rheinschiffahrt AG: Report on the 2009 financial year - KD-AG profit and loss account, pp. 19 and 22. (PDF; 14.7 MB) (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on May 14th 2012 ; Retrieved March 17, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
18. ^ Cologne-Düsseldorfer Deutsche Rheinschiffahrt AG: RMS GOETHE, seating example for a charter trip. (PDF; 372 kB) (No longer available online.) Formerly in the original ; Retrieved March 13, 2013 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.    
19. ↑ ^{a b} Georg Fischbach: The ships of the Cologne-Düsseldorfer 1826-2004 , self-published, Cologne 2004, p. 493, with reference to the ship's certificate of February 13, 1997 from the Duisburg ship investigation commission.

This article was added to the list of articles worth reading on March 21, 2013 in this version .