Lipová u Šluknova
| Lipová | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Ústecký kraj | ||||
| District : | Děčín | ||||
| Area : | 1282.9964 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 51 ° 1 ' N , 14 ° 21' E | ||||
| Height: | 366 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 574 (Jan. 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 407 81 | ||||
| License plate : | U | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Railway connection: | Rumburk – Dolní Poustevna | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | local community | ||||
| Districts: | 2 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Pavel Svoboda (as of 2018) | ||||
| Address: | Lipová 442 407 81 Lipová |
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| Municipality number: | 562661 | ||||
| Website : | www.lipova.cz | ||||
| Location of Lipová in the Děčín district | |||||
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Lipová (former name Hanšpach , German Hainspach ) is a municipality in the Okres Děčín of the Czech Republic .
geography
Geographical location
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The village is located in Northern Bohemia at 366 m above sea level. M. in the Bohemian Netherlands west of the town of Šluknov ( Schluckenau ) on the border with Saxony . The so-called Slawata pond is located near the place.
Community structure
The municipality of Lipová consists of the districts Lipová ( Hainspach ) and Liščí ( Röhrsdorf ), which also form cadastral districts. Basic settlement units are Lipová, Liščí and Ludvíkovičky ( Ludwigsdörfel ).
Neighboring communities
Lipová borders in the northwest on Steinigtwolmsdorf , in the northeast on Sohland an der Spree , in the east and south on Velký Šenov ( Groß-Schönau ), in the southwest on Vilémov u Šluknova ( Wölmsdorf ), to the west on Dolní Poustevna ( Niedereinsiedel ) and in the west Lobendava ( Lobendau ).
geology
Geologically and spatially, the Bohemian Netherlands, also called the Schluckenauer Zipfel , belongs to the Lusatian highlands .
history
The rule of Hainspach was owned by Johann von Schleinitz in 1569 and then passed to the Lords of Slawata . After this aristocratic family in the male line died out in 1693, a Count Salm came into possession of the rulership through marriage.
In 1721, Maria Agnes Countess zu Salm, née Countess Slawata, and her successor founded a hospital for the city. The stately palace, which today only survives as a ruin, was built in 1737 by Count Leopold von Salm. The old castle was converted to house officials. Around 1785, Fr. Wenzel, Count of Salm and Reiferscheid, owned the estate. When the Prussian general Friedrich Herwarth von Bittenfeld billeted himself in Hainspach Castle on June 22nd, 1866 during the Prussian invasion of northern Bohemia , it was in the possession of the elderly Count Franz von Salm and Reiferscheid.
Because of the meager soil conditions that were not very suitable for agricultural use, the rulers had already in the 18th century often switched to spinning , weaving and stocking knitting.
In the census of 1830, a distinction was made between the small town of Hainspach with 419 inhabitants in 66 houses and the neighboring village of Hainspach with 1842 inhabitants in 267 houses, which was divided into Ober- and Nieder-Hainspach. The townspeople included five civil servants and two tradespeople, but no nobles. Accordingly, the new castle was not in the city, but on the boundary of the village. In the village in 1693 under Margaretha, Countess of Slawata, the parish church of St. Simon and Juda was built, in which the town of Hainspach was a parish.
High school (built in 1873) at the church of St. Simon and Juda
school-building
Castle Park
Houses at the town hall
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After the abolition of patrimonial jurisdiction in the Austrian Empire , Hainspach was the seat of the Hainspach judicial district from June 3, 1850 . At the end of the 19th century there was a beer brewery, a button factory and production facilities for ribbons and rubber goods in Hainspach.
After the First World War , the region became part of the newly created Czechoslovakia in 1919 . A department of the Mountain Association for Northern Bohemia worked in the place to develop tourism . Due to the German occupation in the course of the Munich Agreement , Hainspach belonged from 1938 to 1945 to the district of Schluckenau , administrative district of Aussig , in the German Reichsgau Sudetenland . At that time, Hainspach also had a shoe factory and a factory for wire pins. After the end of the Second World War , the German population was largely expropriated and expelled .
Population development
Until 1945, Hainspach was predominantly populated by German Bohemia , which were expelled.
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1818 | 376 | in 65 houses (excluding the village of Hainspach with 1625 inhabitants in 265 houses) |
| 1830 | 491 | in 66 houses (without the village of Hainspach with 1842 inhabitants in 267 houses) |
| 1844 | 489 | in 80 houses |
| 1900 | 3021 | German residents |
| 1930 | 2664 | According to other information, 2597 inhabitants, of which 2400 are Germans |
| 1939 | 2401 |
| year | 1950 | 1961 | 1970 | 1980 | 1991 | 2001 | 2011 |
| Residents | 931 | 1 002 | 965 | 613 | 625 | 646 | 667 |
Culture and sights
The baroque parish church of St. Simon and Juda , built in 1693, and the ruins of the baroque palace complex built in 1737 are still located in the village . In the vicinity of the castle there is also the large castle pond called Slawata Pond and a now heavily overgrown castle park. In the village there are also some smaller half- timbered houses and public buildings from the turn of the century. By bike it is possible to use the border crossing to Sohland an der Spree .
Economy and Infrastructure
The entire Schluckenauer Zipfel is a problem region in the Czech Republic, cut off from the "Bohemian Basin" by the Lusatian Mountains, it hardly attracts any attention even from its own government. Even from the German side, there are still hardly any impulses for better economic networking with this region. The small village of Lipova is hardly used as a place of residence today, a large part of the existing buildings are only used as weekend homes.
traffic
To the south of the village, Lipová has its own stop on the Rumburk – Sebnitz railway line .
Sons and daughters of the church
- Anton Ludwig Frind (1823–1881), Bishop of Leitmeritz
- Franz von Rziha (1831–1897), Austrian engineer
- Rudolf Austen (1931–2003), painter and graphic artist
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/562661/Lipova
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/casti-obce-obec/562661/Obec-Lipova
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi-obec/562661/Obec-Lipova
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/zsj-obec/562661/Obec-Lipova
- ↑ a b c Jaroslaus Schaller : Topography of the Kingdom of Bohemia . Volume 5: Leutmeritzer Kreis , Vienna 1787, pp. 219–220 .
- ↑ Franz Aloys Mussik: The Schönlinde market and its eingepfarrte villages. In addition to a brief outline of the dominions of Böhmisch-Kamnitz, Hainspach, Schluckenau and Rumburg. A historical-topographical attempt . Prague 1828, pp. 140–152.
- ↑ a b c d Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia . Volume 1: Leitmeritzer Kreis , Prague 1833, p. 266, item 1).
- ↑ A. Jahnel: Chronicle of the Prussian Invasion of Northern Bohemia in 1866 . Reichenberg 1867, pp. 253-255.
- ↑ a b c Yearbooks of the Bohemian Museum of Natural History, Geography, History, Art and Literature . Volume 2, Prague 1831, p. 198, item 31).
- ↑ a b Meyer's Large Conversation Lexicon . 6th edition, Volume 8, Leipzig and Vienna 1907, p. 634 .
- ↑ a b Genealogy Sudetenland
- ↑ Franz Aloys Mussik: The Schönlinde market and its eingepfarrte villages. In addition to a brief outline of the dominions of Böhmisch-Kamnitz, Hainspach, Schluckenau and Rumburg. A historical-topographical attempt . Prague 1828, p. 152.
- ^ Friedrich Carl Watterich von Watterichsburg: Handbook of regional studies of the Kingdom of Bohemia . Prague 1845, p. 641.
- ↑ a b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to reunification in 1990. Schluckenau district (Czech: Sluknov). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).