Hakkâri (Province)

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Hakkari
Province number: 30th
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Counties
Hakkari districts.png
Basic data
Coordinates: 37 ° 28 ′  N , 44 ° 4 ′  E Coordinates: 37 ° 28 ′  N , 44 ° 4 ′  E
Provincial capital: Hakkari
Region: Eastern Anatolia
Surface: 7,095 km²
Population: 286,470 (2018)
Population density: 40 inhabitants / km²
Political
Governor: İdris Akbıyık
Seats in Parliament: 3
Structural
Telephone code: 0438
Features : 30th
Website
www.hakkari.gov.tr (Turkish)

Hakkâri ( Kurdish Colemêrg , Syrian-Aramaic : ܐܰܟ݁ܳܪܳܐ Akkare ) is one of the 81 Turkish provinces . It is located in the mountainous southeastern part of Turkey and borders Iran to the east and Iraq to the south . To the north is Van and to the west is Şırnak . The capital is the Hakkâri of the same name .

geography

The province of Hakkâri is a very mountainous area and is over 1700 m high. There are at least 30 mountains that are over 3000 m high. The highest is the Cilo Dağı (Reşko), which is 4116 m high, followed by the peaks Mordağ (3810 m), Sandil (3818 m) and Geveruki (3680 m). Hakkâri consists of 10% plateaus. Better known among them are Kandil, Shandil, Berçelan, Kanimehan and Vare Berkizan.

Naming

Hakkâri was the name of a Kurdish tribe that lived near Lake Van . Arab historians and geographers named the region Hakkāriyya . The Syriac Aramaic name for Hakkâri is Akkare and means farmer . In the so-called Geniza document from the early 12th century, the name is already mentioned in its present form. The administrative center and seat of the Hakkari princes was Çölemerik. The Armenians call this city Ilmar , the Assyrians Gülarmak and the Mamluks , who also ruled here, Colamerg . The Kurds call it Colemerg and in Turkish it is called Çölemerik . Today the city and province are called Hakkari.

Administrative division

The province is divided into 5 districts ( İlçe ):

district Area 1
(km²) 		Population (2018) 2 Number of Units Density
(Ew / km²) 		urban
share (in%) 		Sex
ratio 3 		Founding
date 4.5
District ( İlçe ) Administrative headquarters
(Merkez) 		Municipalities
(Belediye) 		City
quarter
(Mahalle) 		Villages
(Köy)
Çukurca 725 17,216 9,597 1 3 8th 23.8 55.74 455 1953
Derecik 437 22,953 10.184 1 6th 4th 52.5 44.37 824 2018
Hakkari Merkez 2,179 81,424 61,549 2 22nd 36 37.4 79.45 845
Şemdinli 1,207 45.117 16,973 1 5 18th 37.4 37.62 766 1936
Yüksekova 2,547 119.760 69,602 3 17th 58 47.0 64.06 900
PROVINCE of Hakkâri 7,095 286,470 8th 53 124 40.4 62.19 823 1935

swell

1 Area 2014
2 Population update on December 31, 2018
3 Gender ratio : number of women per 1000 men (calculated)
4 PDF file of the Ministry of the Interior
5 districts that were only formed after Turkey was founded (1923).

population

The Kurds make up the majority of the population . The four villages Beyyurdu , Boğazköy , Uğuraçan and Yaylapınar are exclusively inhabited by Turks and are all in the Şemdinli district. Of the tens of thousands of Syrian Christians (also called Arameans / Assyrians ), only a few people still live in the province of Hakkâri and in the village of Konak .

Results of the population extrapolation

The following table shows the annual population development at the end of the year after updating by the addressable population register (ADNKS) introduced in 2007. In addition, the population growth rate and the sex ratio (ie number of women per 1000 men) are listed. The 2011 census found 271,405 inhabitants, which is almost 35,000 more than in the 2000 census.

year Population at the end of the year Population growth
rate (in%)

 Gender
ratio
(women per
1000 men) 		Rank
(among 81 provinces)
total male Female
2018 286,470 157.107 129,363 3.88 823 63
2017 275,761 148,490 127.271 2.97 857 63
2016 267,813 142,486 125,327 −3.93 880 64
2015 278.775 151.013 127,762 0.90 846 62
2014 276.287 148,538 127,749 1.19 860 62
2013 273.041 146.155 126,886 −2.48 868 63
2012 279,982 154,526 125,456 2.87 812 62
2011 272.165 147,567 124,598 8.30 844 63
2010 251,302 128,988 122.314 −2.13 948 65
2009 256,761 135,884 120,877 -0.71 890 63
2008 258,590 138,494 120.096 4.92 867 63
2007 246,469 128.904 117,565 - 912 65
2000 236,581 130,682 105,899 810

Census results

The following tables show the population of Hakkâri Province documented in the 14 censuses .
The values ​​in the table on the left are taken from e-books (from the original documents), the values ​​in the table on the right come from the data query of the Turkish statistical institute TÜIK - available on this website:

year population rank
province Turkey
1927 24,980 13,648,270 63
1935 - 16.158.018 -
1940 36,446 17,820,950 63
1945 35,124 18,790,174 63
1950 44.207 20,947,188 63
1955 54,824 24,064,763 67
1960 67,766 27,754,820 67
year population rank
province Turkey
1965 83,937 31,391,421 67
1970 102,312 35.605.176 67
1975 126.036 40,347,719 67
1980 155,463 44,736,957 66
1985 182,645 50,664,458 65
1990 172.479 56.473.035 70
2000 236,581 67,803,927 69

Number of provinces in relation to the census years:

  • 1927, 1940 to 1950: 63 provinces
  • 1935: 57 provinces
  • 1955: 67 provinces
  • 1960 to 1985: 73 provinces
  • 1990: 73 provinces
  • 2000: 81 provinces

history

antiquity

Hakkâri has been inhabited by humans since ancient times. There are prehistoric rock carvings whose dating and assignment is not clear.

The first reports about this region come from the Assyrians . They reported of independent principalities of Hubuškia and Zamua (900–700 BC). Two of these princes or kings were called Hubuşki Kaki (a) and Data (na) . The origin of these names is Hurrian . Sometimes these names appeared in connection with the nairi . It is clear from the sources that the principalities consisted of tribal confederations. This way of life has been preserved among the inhabitants of Hakkâri to the present day. After the Assyrian incursions into Anatolia, the Nairi tribes united. The Urartians appeared as opponents of the Assyrians . The first Urartian Empire existed from the 9th century to the 6th century BC. Chr.

Middle Ages and Modern Times

In 1515 the region came under Ottoman suzerainty. However, the sultan's supremacy was only nominal. For a time it was considered the sanjak of the Vilayet Van . In reality, it was under the hereditary rule of Kurdish princes who functioned as Sanjak-Beyi ( Principality of Hakkâri ). It was not until the middle of the 19th century that the gate enforced its sovereignty and made it into an independent vilayet in 1876. As early as 1888 it was annexed to the Van Province again. Until the genocide of the Syrian Christians (Sayfo) in World War I , numerous and well-fortified Assyrian tribes lived here , which formed a large part of the members of the Assyrian Church of the East here .

chronology

Before Christ

After Christ

Personalities

Interesting

Ferit Edgü's novel Ein Winter in Hakkari was filmed in 1983 by Erden Kıral under the title A Season in Hakkari .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Türkiye Nüfusu İl ve İlçelere Göre Nüfus Bilgileri , accessed on June 24, 2019
  2. ↑ Hakkari Province website
  3. ↑ Lexemes) kr) - ܐܟܪܐ . On dukhrana.com . Retrieved October 9, 2014.
  4. ^ Premiumwanadoo.com ( Memento of November 3, 2013 in the Internet Archive ). Retrieved October 9, 2014.
  5. ↑ Directorate General of Mapping PDF file 0.25 MB
  6. ↑ Türkiye Nüfusu İl İlçe Mahalle Köy Nüfusu , accessed on June 24, 2019
  7. ↑ illeridaresi.gov.tr TARİH (1) .pdf 1.4 MB
  8. ↑ Genel Nüfus Sayımları (census results 1965 to 2000)
  9. ↑ Shabo Talay (2008): The New Aramaic Dialects of the Khabur Assyrians in Northeast Syria: Introduction, Phonology and Morphology. Semitica Viva 41, Harrassowitz Verlag, Wiesbaden 2009. p. 15.