List of provinces of Turkey

The Republic of Turkey is divided into 81 provinces ( Turkish : İl ).

These are listed below with the number of inhabitants after the last census in 2011 and the current population level (update of the Address Based Population Registration System Turkish ADNKS). The numbers correspond to the license plate number and the first two digits of the postcodes (the numbering was originally strictly alphabetical, deviations from the alphabetical principle result from renaming and new creation). The provinces are divided into districts (sometimes translated as districts ) (Turkish İlçe ). In the course of territorial reforms since the 1980s, 30 (as of 2016) provincial towns were declared Büyükşehir belediyesi , which then encompass the entire province. In such provinces the local / regional self-government is carried out by the Büyükşehir belediyesi under the direction of the Büyükşehir Belediye Başkanı (mostly translated as Lord Mayor ); apart from this, the state administration is under the direction of the Vali ( governor ). In the other provinces, self-government tasks at the provincial level are performed by an İl Özel İdaresi , whose organs are the Vali and an elected İl Meclisi (provincial assembly) chaired by the Vali.

statistics

No.	Province name	Area ⁴	population		Number of Units				Density Ew./km²	urban share (in%)	Gender ratio ³	Metropolitan Province for the year
No.	Province name	(in km ² )	2011 ¹	2017 ²	Districts	Communities	Townships	Villages	Density Ew./km²	urban share (in%)
01	Adana	13,844	2,102,375	2,216,475	15th	15th	829	-	160.1	100.00	999	1986
02	Adıyaman	7,337	594.163	615.076	9	23	172	451	83.8	72.47	987	-
03	Afyonkarahisar	14,016	701.461	715.693	18th	59	436	423	51.1	76.13	1019	-
04	Ağrı	11,099	553.241	536.285	8th	12	99	562	48.3	58.70	929	-
05	Amasya	5,628	323,331	329,888	7th	8th	107	372	58.6	73.09	1007	-
06	Ankara	25,632	4,868,418	5,445,026	25th	25th	1433	-	212.4	100.00	1015	1984
07	Antalya	20,177	2,035,563	2,364,396	19th	19th	910	-	117.2	100.00	983	1993
08	Artvin	7,393	166.177	166.143	9	9	38	320	22.5	62.94	989	-
09	Aydin	8,116	999.131	1,080,839	17th	17th	670	-	133.2	100.00	1003	2012
10	Balikesir	14,583	1,155,216	1,204,824	20th	20th	1129	-	82.6	100.00	1001	2012
11	Bilecik	4.179	203.157	221,693	8th	11	60	245	53	84.37	903	-
12	Bing oil	8.004	261.276	273.354	8th	11	68	320	34.2	67.30	964	-
13	Bitlis	8,294	336.226	341,474	7th	13	123	348	41.2	64.39	935	-
14th	Bolu	8,313	276.976	303.184	9	12	93	487	36.5	74.09	1016	-
15th	Burdur	7.175	250,984	264,779	11	14th	126	193	36.9	70.94	990	-
16	Bursa	10,813	2,640,128	2,936,803	17th	17th	1060	-	271.6	100.00	997	1986
17th	Çanakkale	9,817	489.298	530.417	12	23	81	574	54	71.32	971	-
18th	Çankırı	7,542	175.716	186.074	12	15th	91	376	24.7	74.84	992	-
19th	Çorum	12,428	534.825	528.422	14th	16	124	760	42.5	75.06	1020	-
20th	Denizli	12.134	940.532	1,018,735	19th	19th	624	-	84	100.00	1007	2012
21st	Diyarbakır	15,168	1,561,110	1,699,901	17th	17th	1041	-	112.1	100.00	983	1993
22nd	Edirne	6,145	400,554	406.855	9	16	94	254	66.2	77.54	972	-
23	Elazığ	9,383	559.063	583,671	11	20th	149	552	62.2	83.84	1008	-
24	Erzincan	11,815	214,863	231,511	9	24	148	528	19.6	81.15	952	-
25th	Erzurum	25.006	781.626	760.476	20th	20th	1177	-	30.4	100.00	1005	1993
26th	Eskişehir	13,960	778.421	860.620	14th	14th	539	-	61.6	100.00	1006	1993
27	Gaziantep	6,803	1,739,569	2,005,515	9	9	785	-	294.8	100.00	980	1986
28	Giresun	7,025	420,433	437.393	16	24	193	551	62.3	71.78	1013	-
29	Gümüşhane	6,668	129,045	170.173	6th	14th	70	321	25.5	86.93	977	-
30th	Hakkari	7,095	271,405	275,761	4th	8th	53	125	38.9	61.24	857	-
31	Hatay	5,524	1,472,282	1,575,226	15th	15th	590	-	285.2	100.00	993	2012
32	Isparta	8,946	412.039	433.830	13	22nd	217	203	48.5	77.96	984	-
33	Mersin	16,010	1,660,522	1,793,931	13	13	805	-	112.1	100.00	1004	1993
34	Istanbul	2,752	13,565,798	15.029.231	39	39	960	-	5461.2	100.00	996	1984
35	İzmir	11,891	3,952,036	4,279,677	30th	30th	1295	-	359.9	100.00	1006	1984
36	Kars	10.193	306.238	287,654	8th	9	56	380	28.2	48.45	924	-
37	Kastamonu	13,064	360.694	372.373	20th	20th	162	1065	28.5	62.79	1021	-
38	Kayseri	16,970	1,251,907	1,376,722	16	16	758	-	81.1	100.00	996	1988
39	Kırklareli	6,459	340.977	356.050	8th	21st	107	179	55.1	81.46	957	-
40	Kırşehir	6,584	221.935	234,529	7th	10	67	252	35.6	81.98	1005	-
41	Kocaeli	3,397	1,595,643	1,883,270	12	12	474	-	554.4	100.00	976	1993
42	Konya	40,838	2,033,227	2,180,149	31	31	1196	-	53.4	100.00	1016	1986
43	Kutahya	11,634	564,403	572.256	12	2	223	548	49.2	76.98	1025	-
44	Malatya	12,259	749.225	786.676	13	13	717	-	64.2	100.00	1008	2012
45	Manisa	13,339	1,337,731	1,413,041	17th	17th	1088	-	105.9	100.00	989	2012
46	Kahramanmaraş	14,520	1,052,336	1,127,623	11	11	693	-	77.7	100.00	971	2012
47	Mardin	8,780	758.181	809.719	10	10	696	-	92.2	100.00	993	2012
48	Muğla	12,654	837,804	938.751	13	13	565	-	74.2	100.00	960	2012
49	Must	8,650	412.430	404,544	6th	23	110	366	46.8	52.89	967	-
50	Nevşehir	5,485	284.150	292,365	8th	23	125	153	53.3	78.03	1027	-
51	Niğde	7,234	337.456	352,727	6th	29	138	132	48.8	77.42	1002	-
52	Ordu	5,861	712.998	742,341	19th	19th	741	-	126.7	100.00	1001	2013
53	Rize	3,835	322,367	331.041	12	18th	202	291	86.3	72.25	1007	-
54	Sakarya	4,824	886.382	990.214	16	16	665	-	205.3	100.00	994	2000
55	Samsun	9,725	1,250,598	1,312,990	17th	17th	1245	-	135	100.00	1022	1993
56	Siirt	5,717	309,599	324.394	7th	12	63	277	56.7	70.37	950	-
57	Sinop	5,717	203.288	207,427	9	9	55	470	36.3	57.22	1013	-
58	Sivas	28.164	627.195	621,301	17th	24	246	1240	22.1	76.93	997	-
59	Tekirdağ	6,190	824.223	1.005.463	11	11	355	-	162.4	100.00	947	2012
60	Tokat	10,042	592,481	602.086	12	37	308	623	60	77.73	1010	-
61	Trabzon	4,628	757.857	786.326	18th	18th	692	-	169.9	100.00	1023	2012
62	Tunceli	7,582	84,896	82,498	8th	9	43	361	10.9	68.51	802	-
63	Şanlıurfa	19,242	1,701,127	1,985,753	13	13	1380	-	103.2	100.00	987	2012
64	Usak	5,555	340,636	364.971	6th	12	62	256	65.7	74.43	1007	-
65	Van	20,921	1,059,734	1,106,891	13	13	685	-	52.9	100.00	963	2012
66	Yozgat	13,690	465.214	418,650	14th	33	219	572	30.6	74.58	1005	-
67	Zonguldak	3,342	614.775	596,892	8th	25th	176	380	178.6	72.48	1027	-
68	Aksaray	7,659	379.163	402,404	8th	22nd	153	177	52.5	79.51	1010	-
69	Bayburt	3,746	76,859	80,417	3	5	28	170	21.5	67.07	962	-
70	Karaman	8,678	234,441	246,672	6th	11	130	159	28.4	79.50	999	-
71	Kırıkkale	4,791	276,847	278,749	9	11	85	185	58.2	89.96	997	-
72	Batman	4,477	520,883	585.252	6th	11	126	284	130.7	81.41	992	-
73	Şırnak	7,078	453.828	503.236	7th	19th	90	102	71.1	73.26	907	-
74	Bartın	2,330	187.129	193,577	4th	8th	48	265	83.1	50.14	1022	-
75	Ardahan	4,934	107,776	97.096	6th	7th	39	227	19.7	41.43	930	-
76	Iğdır	3,664	187.842	194,775	4th	7th	36	161	53.2	63.93	943	-
77	Yalova	798	205,664	251.203	6th	14th	50	43	314.8	88.56	1001	-
78	Karabuk	4.142	220.401	244.453	6th	7th	78	278	59	77.16	987	-
79	Kilis	1,412	124.276	136.319	4th	4th	88	137	96.5	74.94	966	-
80	Osmaniye	3,320	483,639	527.724	7th	17th	132	160	159	81.68	980	-
81	Düzce	2,492	342.281	377.610	8th	10	114	279	151.5	66.72	1000	-

swell

¹ census 2 October 2011
² population projection on 31 December 2017
³ sex ratio (Sex Ratio): Number of women per 1000 men (calculated)
⁴ area in 2014

cards

Geographical areas of Turkey
Division of Turkey into provinces
Numbering of the Turkish provinces
Counties
Büyükşehir Belediyesi (2014)

useful information

Provinces of Turkey
No.	Name capital	useful information
01	Adana Adana	The name is derived from Adanos, the son of Kronos from Greek mythology. 12 km east of the provincial capital is the Incirlik Air Base of NATO .
02	Adıyaman Adıyaman	Adıyaman's (Kurdish: Semsur) population consists largely of Kurds , the province is very mountainous, which is particularly characterized by Mount Nemrut . The Ataturk Reservoir , Turkey's most water-rich reservoir , also begins in Kahta .
03	Afyonkarahisar Afyon	The province of Afyonkarahisar is located in western Asia Minor and is mostly in the Aegean region. The province has a total area of 14,719 km².
04	Ağrı Ağrı	The provincial capital was called Şarbulak at the time of the Ottomans , which means "flowing spring". In 1927 the name was changed to Karaköse , which goes back either to the Ottoman conqueror 1507 ( Karagöz Bey ), or to Kara Kilise , "black church". Since 1938 the city and the province have been named after Mount Ararat ( Ağrı Dağı ).
05	Amasya Amasya	The history of the provincial capital goes back to the Hittite times, but it acquired its most important meaning in Hellenism : from approx. 300 BC. BC to 183 BC Amaseia was the capital of the kingdom of Pontus . The Greek historian and geographer Strabon described his hometown in his work Geographika .
06	Ankara Ankara	Ankara (formerly Angora, ancient name Ancyra) has been the capital of Turkey since 1923. After the fall of the Ottoman Empire, Ankara was determined by law under Kemal Ataturk to be the capital of the newly founded Turkish Republic because of its location in Central Anatolia and in contrast to the Ottoman capital İstanbul.
07	Antalya Antalya	Antalya is the capital of the fertile coastal plain, which has been known as Pamphylia since ancient times. The area around Antalya is also known as the “ Turkish Riviera ” because of its long sandy beaches . Antalya was probably 158 BC. Founded by King Attalus II of Pergamon. After him she was named Attaleia.
08	Artvin Artvin	Geographically, Artvin belongs to both the Black Sea region and Eastern Anatolia. The population consists of Turks, Lasen and Georgians.
09	Aydın Aydın	The name of the province comes from the Turkmen dynasty of the Aydın-Oğulları , who founded an empire with the centers in Ephesus ( Ayasoluğ ) and Birgi ( Pyrgion ) at the beginning of the 14th century . The city of Aydın dominates the wide valley of the Great Meander . The meander (from the Greek Μαίανδρος ), today the Great Meander (Turkish Büyük Menderes ) has become proverbial because of its many turns (meander).
10	Balıkesir Balıkesir	Balıkesir borders the Aegean Sea to the west and the Marmara Sea to the north. The name is derived from the word Bal-ı-Kesr , Persian for “a lot of honey”. The area is known for growing vegetables and fruits. In the vicinity is Mount Ida , from which Zeus is said to have observed the Battle of Troy.
11	Bilecik Bilecik	The settlement history of the city of Bilecik (Greek: Belikoma) goes back to the 2nd millennium BC. BC back. The Ottoman Empire was founded in the province of Bilecik in 1281. Today it is known for the silk and ceramic industries.
12	Bing oil Bing oil	Bingöl is surrounded by mountains with glaciers. Bingol came under the rule of various empires one after another. During the First World War it was occupied by Russian troops. In the early years of the Turkish Republic, Bingöl was part of the Kurdish uprisings.
13	Bitlis Bitlis	Bitlis consists of 70% mountains, which are usually higher than 2,000 m. The highest mountains are the Süphan Dağı (4,058 m), the Nemrut volcano (3,050 m) and the Ziyaret Dağı (2,540 m). The Vansee is partly in Bitlis.
14th	Bolu Bolu	Bolu is known for its cooks, who were already in great demand for the Ottoman Seraglio and who are still brought to tourist hotels for a lot of money as chefs. In Mengen is the most famous cooking school in Turkey.
15th	Burdur Burdur	The province has 256,803 inhabitants on an area of 7,238 km². The population density is 35.5 inhabitants / km².
16	Bursa Bursa	The green landscape (green "Yeşil Bursa") contains some medicinal sulfur springs. The Uludağ Mountains stretch through the middle . In ancient times the region was called Bithynia. This kingdom was probably founded by King Prusias I. With the expansion of the Roman Empire, King Nicomedes IV began to hand over the area piece by piece to the Romans.
17th	Çanakkale Çanakkale	The province extends over the European Thrace to the Asian Minor Asia, which are separated from each other by the Dardanelles (Çanakkale Boğazı). In the province lie the ruins of the ancient cities of Assos and Troy . The city was founded in Ottoman times as a successor to ancient Abydos.
18th	Çankırı Çankırı	Çankırı was the place where the first prominent Armenians were arrested on April 24, 1915 . Most of the 235 detainees were killed. The priest and ethnomusicologist Komitas Vardapet was one of a group of five who were saved, as was Bishop Krikor Balakian . Balakian reported in detail on the events that marked the beginning of the genocide against the Armenians .
19th	Çorum Çorum	From the break of diplomatic relations between Turkey and the German Reich in August 1944 until 1946, Çorum was one of the three Anatolian cities that were assigned as compulsory residence to German citizens who did not want to or could not return to Germany.
20th	Denizli Denizli	Denizli (from Turkish deniz, "sea") is a province in western Asia Minor. The province is dominated by the valley of the Great Meander (Büyük Menderes), which at Denizli has a distinctive valley fork with three tributaries.
21st	Diyarbakır Diyarbakır	Diyarbakır (Kurdish Amed) is geographically located in northern Mesopotamia and has a long history. The majority are the Kurds. Of the tens of thousands of Christian Armenians and Arameans , only a few hundred now live in the province.
22nd	Edirne Edirne	Edirne (Adrianople, Greek Αδριανούπολις / Adrianoupolis, in ancient times Orestia, Roman Hadrianopulis) is the capital of the province of the same name in the European part of Turkey. The sultans of the Ottoman Empire in Edirne / Adrianople made peace with the Holy Roman Empire (1568) and with Russia (1713, 1829) a total of three times.
23	Elazığ Elazığ	Elazığ (Kurdish Eleziz). The population consists of Zazas, Kurds and Turks. In the 1970s there were clashes between Sunnis and Alevis during Ramadan because the Alevis did not fast. More than 1,000 people were killed in these clashes. Elazığ is located at an altitude of 1060 m and has an area of 9281 km². Of these, 826 km² are water areas, as there are many reservoirs in Elazığ.
24	Erzincan Erzincan	Erzincan lies at an altitude of 1,185 m in a prone earthquake zone. In 1939 there was a major earthquake , which completely destroyed the city of Erzincan. The last major quake occurred in 1992 with a magnitude of 6.8 and around 650 deaths.
25th	Erzurum Erzurum	The plateaus of the province are on average 2,000 m high, while the mountains are around 3,000 m high. The Mescit Mountains are 3,239 m high at their highest point. A mountain that is known as a resort and ski area is the Palandöken Dağı at 3,124 m .
26th	Eskişehir Eskişehir	Eskişehir (Turkish for "old city", Dorylaion in ancient times) is one of the largest cities in Anatolia. The area is mainly known for the mining of sepiolite (Lületaş).
27	Gaziantep Gaziantep	Gaziantep (Kurdish Dilok) is a province in the southeast. The old name Antep is still popularly used. The province has always been an important trading center and is now one of the most important industrial areas in Turkey. The provincial capital Gaziantep is considered to be the leading "Anatolian tiger city".
28	Giresun Giresun	The name of the city possibly comes from the Greek Kerasus (German "cherry", Turkish Kiraz ). Lucius Licinius Lucullus brought about 70 BC The first cherries from Giresun to Europe. In Giresun is one of the largest hazelnut factories of Turkey , called Fiskobirlik .
29	Gümüşhane Gümüşhane	Gümüşhane is a province in northeastern Anatolia. Gümüşhane is one of the smallest and economically weakest regions. Like the other cities in the Black Sea region, Gümüşhane has a large community in Istanbul and Europe, especially in Germany.
30th	Hakkari Hakkari	Hakkari (Kurdish Colemerg) is located in the mountainous southeasternmost point of Turkey and borders with Iran and Iraq. There are at least 30 mountains that are over 3,000 m high. The name Hakkari appears for the first time in the 10th century by the Arab historian and geographer İn Havsal, who said that the name derives from Her-kariyan. Her-kariyan should mean "strong" and "combative".
31	Hatay Antakya	The area of Hatay, called Sanjak Alexandrette in the west until the end of the 1930s , today forms the southernmost part of Turkey and lies in the north-western border area with Syria. The capital Antakya is the former Antioch .
32	Isparta Isparta	Isparta is known for its roses, carpets and its "Suleyman Demirel University", which is attended by students from all over Turkey.
33	Mersin Mersin	Mersin (formerly: İçel) is associated with the name of St. Paul from Tarsus and with the fact that Marcus Antonius made the areas between Alanya and Mersin Cleopatra a wedding gift.
34	İstanbul İstanbul	In 2005, around 11.5 million people lived in the metropolitan area of Istanbul, the area of which is identical to that of the Istanbul Province. About 70% of the population of Istanbul have recently moved from Anatolia.
35	İzmir İzmir	The provincial capital İzmir is also known as the “Pearl of the Aegean”. The city used to be known under the Greek name Smyrna (neugr. Σμύρνη or Smirni ) and has the second largest port in the country after Istanbul.
36	Kars Kars	Kars belonged to the Armenian kingdom for several decades. When the tsarist troops withdrew because of the October Revolution, the Russian Kars district had declared itself independent. It was called the Government of the Republic of Southwest Caucasus. This state survived only 9 months and was only recognized by the Japanese Empire.
37	Kastamonu Kastamonu	Kastamonu (Castamuni, Byzantine Kastumbul) is a city in the province of the same name. The city is located south of the Gökırmak. The area is known for its folklore, tobacco and wooden furniture.
38	Kayseri Kayseri	The capital Kayseri (formerly Mazaka and then Caesarea) is 1,054 m above sea level at the foot of the extinct volcano Erciyes, which was responsible for the tufa layers in Cappadocia with its eruptions.
39	Kırklareli Kırklareli	Kırklareli is a province in the European part and belongs to Thrace. The Archaeological Institute of the University of İstanbul has been excavating two prehistoric settlements together with the German Archaeological Institute since 1993.
40	Kırşehir Kırşehir	After the city was rebuilt by the Eastern Roman Emperor Justinian I, it was called "Justinianopolis". In 1071 the rule of the Turkish tribes began in Kırşehir. Because of its location in the barren steppe, it was given the name "Kır şehri" ("steppe town"). From the break of diplomatic relations between Turkey and the German Reich in August 1944 until 1946, Kırşehir was one of the three Anatolian cities that were assigned as compulsory residence to German citizens who did not want to or could not return to Germany.
41	Kocaeli İzmit	The provincial capital İzmit is highly industrialized and has the highest gross national product per capita in Turkey. İzmit (the ancient Nicomedia) was founded by the Bithynian king Nicomedes I in 264 BC. Founded as the capital. 74 BC After the death of King Nicomedes IV it came to the Roman Empire in a will. 183 BC Hannibal committed suicide near Nicomedia. Constantine the Great died in a suburb of Nicomedia in 337. Saint Barbara lived in Nicomedia in the 3rd century.
42	Konya Konya	The province of Konya (Greek Iconium) is the largest province in Turkey in terms of area. To the southeast of Konya is Çatalhöyük , one of the oldest human settlements.
43	Kutahya Kutahya	Kütahya is known for its colorfully decorated ceramics. Kütahya is the seat of the Dumlupınar University, founded in 1992.
44	Malatya Malatya	The very early settlement of Malatya can be seen in the late Neolithic city of Arslantepe. Arslantepe is the Melid of the Hittites. The name Malatya itself comes from the Hittite melid for honey.
45	Manisa Manisa	The city is a center for the raisin trade and dates back to ancient Lydian magnesia on Sipylos .
46	Kahramanmaraş Kahramanmaraş	Kahramanmaraş (Kurdish Gurgum or Mereş) was called Maraş until the end of the Turkish War of Independence. In recognition of her resistance, however, she was given the nickname Kahraman ("hero") and was called from there to Kahramanmaraş ("hero city of Maraş").
47	Mardin Mardin	The name Mardin comes from the Syrian Merde and means "castle". The area has always been the link between the Mesopotamian and Anatolian cultures.
48	Muğla Muğla	The Muğla Province is located in the extreme southwest of Asia Minor. It represents the heart of ancient Caria . It forms a strip of about 50 × 250 km along the coast off Rhodes. The carpet manufacturers, numerous ancient sites and museums are important.
49	Muş Muş	The population consists mainly of Sunni Kurds. Until the expulsions in 1915, the city was an Armenian bishopric. The city is located on the upper reaches of the eastern Euphrates, which is called Murat here. The valley of the water-rich river is still over 1,000 meters high here.
50	Nevşehir Nevşehir	The name Nevşehir is derived from the Persian Nau (Nev) for new and Schahr (Şehir) for city and thus means new town. The province covers the main part of the Cappadocia region . Göreme is the center of the Göreme National Park, which, along with other rock monuments of Cappadocia, has been a UNESCO World Cultural and Natural Heritage Site since 1985 .
51	Niğde Niğde	The population density is 47.6 inhabitants / km².
52	Ordu Ordu	"Ordu" means "army". According to legend, the Argonauts landed here to look for the Golden Fleece . Ordu was a small port until 1800, which was mainly inhabited by Pontic Greeks until the Greek persecution in the Ottoman Empire in 1914–1923 . Today the population consists of ethnic Turks, Caucasians (commonly referred to as Georgians by the Turks), some Muslim Armenians and a small community of descendants of the Greeks who refused to leave the region.
53	Rize Rize	The name could be derived from the Greek ριζά - rizá = "under the mountain". Today the area around the provincial capital is the center of Turkish tea and kiwi cultivation . Over 60% of the not inconsiderable total Turkish tea harvest (6% of world tea production) is achieved in this area.
54	Sakarya Adapazari	The province takes its name from the Sakarya River. The provincial capital Adapazarı benefits from the proximity to the industrial cities Istanbul, Bursa or Izmit as well as from the fertile soils in the area and is famous in Turkey for its large potatoes.
55	Samsun Samsun	Samsun is the largest Turkish city on the Black Sea. With Ataturk, the city gained importance when he called on May 19, 1919 from Samsun for the liberation struggle against the occupation and division of the country after the First World War.
56	Siirt Siirt	Siirt is between 600 and 1,600 m high. Siirt's history goes back a long way. Siirt belonged to the Assyrians, the Babylonians and then the Medes and the Persians. The Romans, the Parthians and the Sassanids also ruled here.
57	Sinop Sinop	The seaside resort of Sinop (Greek Σινώπη / Sinṓpē ) has around 25,000 inhabitants, but up to 50,000 in the summer months. Sinop was the first Black Sea colony in the city of Miletus. The philosopher Diogenes von Sinope ( Diogenes in the bin ) was born in Sinop .
58	Sivas Sivas	Sivas is the second largest province after Konya. The Sivas arson attack took place there in 1993 . At an Alevi cultural festival, the writer Aziz Nesin publicly stated that he considered a large part of the Turkish population to be “cowardly and stupid” because they did not have the courage to stand up for democracy. A crowd then gathered in front of his hotel. Incendiary devices were thrown at the hotel from the crowd. Since the hotel was made of wood, the fire spread quickly. 37 people burned to death.
59	Tekirdağ Tekirdağ	Tekirdağ (Bulgarian Родосто / Rodosto , Greek Ραιδεστός ) was mentioned by Herodotus. Today, Tekirdağ is mainly known for its Köfte restaurants and aniseed schnapps production (rakı). When the Turks conquered the city, they first called it Rodosçuk and from the 18th century Tekfur Dağı. The Tekfur comes from the Armenian word tagovar , which means "those who carry the cross". The Turks used this to describe the Christian rulers. Tekfur then became Tekir.
60	Tokat Tokat	Tokat, the ancient Eudoxia, did not play a major role in antiquity, only its fortress was important. From the 11th to 13th centuries, Tokat reached its greatest period as a trading city. The gradual political and economic decline began in the 19th century in favor of the neighboring town of Sivas. Until the 20th century, many residents emigrated to America or Europe.
61	Trabzon Trabzon	Trabzon (formerly Trapezunt), Greek Τραπεζούντα , is a transshipment point for the export of food. The Empire of Trebizond (Trabzon Rum İmparatorluğu) was one of the successor states of the Byzantine Empire and existed from 1204 to 1461. It was founded in 1204 by the ruling dynasty of the Comnenes, who had fled the capital before the conquest of Constantinople by the knights of the Fourth Crusade.
62	Tunceli Tunceli	Tunceli (Dersim) is the smallest province in Turkey in terms of population. Mainly Zaza live here. In this phase the population was strongly influenced by the religion of Zoroaster. Large parts of the population have kept the traditions alive to this day.
63	Şanlıurfa Şanlıurfa	Şanlıurfa (Kurdish Riha) borders Syria in the south. A great number of Yazidis once lived in the province. In 1983 the province, which until then was only called Urfa, was given the title şanlı ( Eng . " Glorious "). It is intended to commemorate the resistance against the French occupation in the Turkish war of liberation. Şanlıurfa is also known by the ancient name of Edessa. As the founder of the city, Ephraim the Syrian names the Assyrian king Nimrod . Jacob of Edessa then equated Nimrod with Ninos , the son of Belos , who is mentioned by Diodorus as the founder of Nineveh .
64	Usak Usak	The strawberry festival is held annually in the region. Uşak owns Turkey's first sugar factory, and the leather goods and ceramics industries are one of the most important in Turkey. The most famous relics are the treasures of Croesus, who is literally the richest man in the world and who is said to have invented money. These treasures are exhibited in the Uşaks Archaeological Museum.
65	Van Van	(Kurdish Wan ) is on the east bank of Lake Van . In earlier times the provincial capital Van was named Tušpa and was in the 9th century BC. The capital of the Urartian kingdom . The population at that time called themselves Nairi . Van is also known for its cats. The half-haired Van cat often has two different colored eyes and is in demand all over the world.
66	Yozgat Yozgat	In Yozgat there is Yimpaş, which was one of the leading department store companies in Turkey until the late 1990s and also opened branches in Germany. Yozgat became famous through the so-called Yozgat method. It was the first trial of the court martial after the Armenian genocide , which took place in 18 sessions in early 1919. From the break of diplomatic relations between Turkey and the German Reich in August 1944 until 1946, Yozgat was one of the three Anatolian cities that were assigned as compulsory residence to German citizens who did not want to or could not return to Germany.
67	Zonguldak Zonguldak	Zonguldak is the black coal center of Turkey. But the strawberries from this area are also famous. To the east of Ereğli is the Cehennemağzı Cave ("Hell's Throat Cave"), where mythology, according to the demigod Hercules, killed the three-headed hellhound Kerberos. Around 30% of the original inhabitants live abroad. Most of them in the Ruhr area.
68	Aksaray Aksaray	Young Christianity spread very quickly and early in the 2nd and 3rd centuries in Cappadocia, which also includes the Aksaray area. Attacks and evictions were the reason why many underground cities and churches were built. 3,000 churches in the region that have been discovered to date still bear witness to this history. The area of Cappadocia was also declared a World Heritage Site and World Natural Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1985.
69	Bayburt Bayburt	Bayburt already played an important role in the earliest times due to its location on the Silk Road between Europe and Asia. The most famous guest of the city of Bayburt was Marco Polo, who stayed in Bayburt on his trip to China. The province suffers severely from the high level of emigration and has one of the highest emigration rates in Turkey.
70	Karaman Karaman	Karaman is a city in Asia Minor. The Karamanlı (Turkish Karamanlılar ) are a Christian Orthodox ethnic group. They spoke a Turkish with Greek loanwords and a great many Old Turkish words. During the population exchange between Greece and Turkey , around 60,000 Karamanlı had to relocate to Greece. For example, the ancestors of Konstantinos Karamanlis also lived in Karaman.
71	Kırıkkale Kırıkkale	Kırıkkale is located in northern central Anatolia, about 80 km east of Ankara. The city, which is located on important road and rail connections, experienced dynamic development in the 20th century towards becoming an important industrial center (including armaments, chemistry and wood processing). Kırıkkale has also been a university town since 1992.
72	Batman batman	Batman (Kurdish Elih) is named after the Batman River. The growth rate in this region is very high. The local population consists entirely of Kurds. Batman is also the home of many Yazidis living in Germany. Only a few hundred mostly older Yazidis still live in Batman.
73	Şırnak Şırnak	Şırnak is a province on the border with Iraq and Syria. It is the warmest province; peak values of 50 ° C were measured here. The name Şırnak is said to be derived from the word Şehr-i Nuh, which means “Noach's city”. This then became Şerneh and then Şırnak. Because the Cudi mountain is considered to be the landing place of Noah's Ark.
74	Bartın Bartın	Bartın is a province on the Black Sea. It was only granted provincial status in 1991, before that it was a district of Zonguldak Province.
75	Ardahan Ardahan	Ardahan is a province on the border with Georgia and is the first destination for Georgian and Armenian guest workers. After the First World War, this area was briefly part of the USSR together with Kars. However, with the peace treaty of Brest-Litovsk, the Soviet Union surrendered this area to Turkey. Ardahan was united with Kars into one province, but restored as a separate province in 1992.
76	Iğdır Iğdır	Iğdır borders on Armenia, the Azerbaijani exclave Naxçıvan and Iran, making it the only province that borders on three states. The name Iğdır comes from the Iğdıroğlu tribe and means good, great, sublime, brave. Because of the vegetation, Iğdır is also called Yeşil Iğdır (Green Iğdır). Mount Ararat is largely within the boundaries of Iğdır. However, the peaks are in the Ağrı Province.
77	Yalova Yalova	Yalova (Pylai in ancient times) is located on the southeastern part of the Marmara Sea, only 24 nautical miles from Istanbul. Yalova is a popular resort with a high level of local tourism. Many visitors come from Istanbul but also from Arab countries. Mostly from Kuwait, the United Arab Emirates or Saudi Arabia. The thermal baths were probably already used in Hellenistic times. Because of their healing properties, they were visited by Constantine the Great or Kemal Ataturk.
78	Karabük Karabük	Karabük is characterized by the large steel mill. Traditionally there were many small steelmakers and blacksmiths in the region, of which only a few workshops designed for tourism in Safranbolu are left today. A large part of the population emigrated.
79	Kilis Kilis	Kilis lies on the border with Syria and belongs to the Turkish part of the Kurd Dagh. Kurd Dagh ("Mountain of the Kurds"). The Kurd Dagh is one of the three "ethnic" mountains of Syria. The names of the other two are Jabal an-Nusayriyah ("Mountain of the Nusairians") and Jabal ad-Duruz ("Mountain of the Druze").
80	Osmaniye Osmaniye	Osmaniye has 458,782 inhabitants on an area of 3,189 km².
81	Düzce Düzce	Düzce is the westernmost Black Sea province. The hazelnuts for Nutella come from the coastal town of Akcakoca (“Bodrum of the North”) - the Levantine variety is the world standard for hazelnuts. After the 1999 earthquake, Düzce gained provincial status; before that it was part of Bolu Province.