List of Latin Phrases / I

I.

I, fugue. Sed poteras tutior esse domi.: “Go, flee! But you could be safer at home. ”- Martial , Epigrammata 1,3,12.

I missus, veni vocatus.: "Go when you are sent, come when you are called."

Iacta

Iacta alea esto: “The die should have been cast!” - variant of Caesar's saying Alea iacta est . Quoted from Suetons De vita Caesarum , Caesar 33.1, where the sentence is quoted in the Greek original:; " Ἀνερρίφθω κύβος. "

Iacta est alea.: “The die has been cast.” - Modification of Alea iacta est , motto of the reformer Ulrich von Hutten , which is translated in German as Ich hab dar's .

Iactura

Iactura paucorum servat multos.: "The loss of the few is the salvation of many."

I am

Iam proximus ardet / Ucalegon.: “The neighbor Ukalegon is already on fire.” - From Aeneas' description of the burning Troy in the Aeneid of Virgil (2,311 f.).

Iam scies patrem tuum mercedes perdidisse.: “In a moment you will know that your father has lost the hardship.” Petronius , Satyricon 58.8.

Iam seges est, ubi Troia fuit.: “There are already fields where Troy was.” - After the complete destruction of the city of Troy .; Ovid , Heroides 1.53.

Ibi

Ibi debet quis puniri, ubi quis deliquit.: "There one must be punished where he has offended." Roman legal maxim about the jurisdiction of the court of the crime scene.

Ibi fas, ubi proxima merces.: “There is law where the profit is closest.” Lucan , Pharsalia 10,408.; The context is the description of the unscrupulous Soldateska in the civil war: "Nulla fides pietasque viris, qui castra secuntur / venalesque manus" ("The men who lived in the camp had no fidelity and no sense of honor, only hands for sale"), it says immediately beforehand (407 f.).

Ibidem

Ibidem (ibid.): “Ibid” - Usually for bibliographical references

Id

id est ( i. e. ): “Das ist” - corresponds to the German “das ist” and “das means” or their abbreviation “d. i. "and" d. h. " (not to be confused with" for example "/" e.g. "); The phrase is especially in the English written language and used as " did is " read. (Analogous to this, instead of “ for example ” (Eng. 'For example'), as a rule, “ e. G. ” (Abbreviation of Latin exempli gratia ) is used in English , corresponding to “z. B.”)

Id fecit cui prodest.: That was done by those who benefit.

Id fieri potest, ut fallar.: I may be wrong.

Idem

Idem ius omnibus: "Equal rights for all"

Idem per idem: “The same through the same” - term for the logical error that consists in the fact that when a term is defined, the term itself occurs in the expression to be defined. Special case of a circle definition .

Idem velle atque idem nolle, ea demum firma amicitia est.: “Wanting the same thing and not wanting the same thing, that is solid friendship.” - Sallust , de coniuratione Catilinae 20.4.

Idola

Idola Specus: "Cave illusions" - Alluding to Plato's allegory of the cave, according to Francis Bacon, those deceptions that arise from the dark depths of the individual.

Idola Theatrics: “Illusions of the theater” - illusions of the theater. Errors from traditional, convincingly presented doctrines.

Idola Fori: “Illusions of the market” - According to Bacon, those errors for which language usage is responsible.

Idola tribe: “Illusions of the genre” - According to Bacon, mistakes of our minds

Jesus / Jesus

Jesu Juva (JJ): Jesus, help! - Phrase at the beginning of artistic works. A well-known example is Johann Sebastian Bach , who almost always headed his works with "JJ".

Jesus / Jesus

INRI at the crucifix of the Holy Cross Chapel in Brochenzell

Jesus Hominum Salvator (IHS): "Jesus (is) the Redeemer of men" - The Christ monogram IHS is derived from the transcription of the first three letters of the Greek name Jesus , ΙΗΣΟΥΣ IESOUS , d. H. Iota , Eta and Sigma . A popular interpretation in German is also "Jesus, Heiland, Seligmacher". The Latin spelling "Iesus Hominum Salvator" is also widespread.

Iesus Nazarenus Rex Iudaeorum ( INRI ): "Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews" - The heading, also known as the title of the cross ( titulus crucis ), was affixed by the Romans over the head of Jesus on the cross according to the Gospels . INRI are the Latin initials of the heading.

Ignava

Ignava ratio: "Lazy Reason" - For the Stoics, the designation of the position of their opponents who denied free will and were of the opinion that human reason had no influence on the course of events.

Ignem

Ignem ab igne: "Fire of fire"

Igni

Igni ferroque: "With fire and sword" - By extreme force, e.g. B. igni ferroque minari ("threaten with total annihilation"). Variants are igne atque ferro , igni et ferro , ferro ignique and others.; Ferrum ("iron") is used in these expressions like our iron, steel, blade for "the sword , the dagger ".

Ignis

Ignis aurum probat.: "Fire proves the gold" or "Fire proves the gold".

Ignis et aquae interdictio: “Prohibition of fire and water” - banishment formula

Ignis, mare, mulier tria mala.: “Fire, sea and woman are the three evils.” - Variant of “Mare ignis mulier: tria sunt mala.” (“Sea, fire and woman are the three evils”), a misogynous saying translated from Greek : Θάλασσα καὶ πῦρ καὶ γυνή, κακὰ τρία.

Ignoramus

Ignoramus et ignorabimus .: “We do not know and will not know.” - This statement goes back to a lecture by the natural scientist Emil du Bois-Reymond and a comedy by George Ruggle.

Ignorance

Ignorantia iuris nocet.: “Ignorance of the law is harmful.” - Ignorance of the law does not protect against punishment.

Ignorantia non est argumentum .: “Ignorance is not an argument” - According to Friedrich Engels, the alleged saying of the philosopher Baruch Spinoza

Ignorantia legis non excusat .: "Ignorance does not protect one from punishment."

Ignoratio

Ignoratio elenchi: “Ignorance of the evidence” - term for an evidence error that consists in ignoring what is to be proven.

Iliacos

Iliacos intra muros peccatur et extra.: “ Sin is within the Trojan walls and outside.” Horace , Epistulae 1,2,16.; Quoting the incomplete sentence falsifies the original meaning. The point is not that there is sinning everywhere, but that crimes are committed through "strife, intrigue, iniquity, lust and anger".; In this context, Horace praises Homer, because "he tells us what is beautiful (pulcrum) and what is reprehensible (turpe)" and, from his reading of Homer, develops the invitation to a reasonable and frugal life.

Iliad

Iliad post homerum: "An Iliad by Homer" - something superfluous to try, because the Iliad of Homer was considered unsurpassable.

Illa

Illa tamquam cycnea fuit divini hominis vox et oratio.: “That speech was like the swan song of the exalted man.” Cicero , de oratore 3,6.; Cicero says this about L. Licinius Crassus and refers to his last speech shortly before his death - "septimo die ... consumptus est" ("seven days later he died") - against the consul Philip in 91 BC. Chr.

Ille

The Horatian "Ille angulus rides"

At a villa in Bonn

In the coat of arms of St. Denis de la Réunion

Ille crucem sceleris pretium tulit, hic diadema.: “One was crucified for his crimes, the other was crowned.” - Decimus Iunius Iuvenalis

Ille qui nos omnes servabit.: “He who will save us all”: in Lost Richard's answer to Ilana's question about what lies in the shadow of the statue - ultimately a secret solution.

Ille terrarum mihi praeter omnes angulus ridet.: "That corner of the earth laughs before everyone": Horace , carm. II 6, with reference to Taranto as a possible retirement home; literally for a beloved retreat.

Illud

Illud amicitiae quondam venerabile nouns: "That once venerable word friendship"

Imago

Imago animi sermo est.: “The image of the soul is the speech.” - One recognizes the human being by the way he speaks.

Imago Dei: "Image of God" - A religious concept of the essence of man, which goes back to the creation account of the Old Testament ( Gen 1,26-27 EU ).

Imitatio

Imitatio Dei

Imitatio veritatis: "Imitation of Truth" - distortion of the truth

Imitatores

Imitatores servum pecus.: "Imitators, you slavish cattle!" - quote from the works of the poet Horace ( Epistulae 1, 19, 19)

Imperare

Imperare sibi maximum imperium est.: "To rule oneself is the greatest rule." ( Seneca , epistulae morales 113,30)

Imperatricis

Imperatricis auspiciis: “Under the auspices of the Empress” - the motto of the Order of the Indian Empire , a British knightly order founded in 1877 by Queen Victoria

Imperia

Imperia sic excelsa fortunae obiacent.: "So the towering realms are exposed to fate" (namely, just as the mountain peaks are exposed to storms and rocks are exposed to the onslaught of the surf) - Seneca , Oedipus 11.

imperium

Empire in imperio: "A realm within a realm" - "A state within a state " - d. H. a group within a state that gives the impression that its members owe loyalty primarily to the group leaders, so that the loyalty of the whole group to the state depends too much on the relationship of their leaders to the state.

Roman empire: Roman Empire - The area ruled by the city of Rome in the period between about the 6th century BC. And the 5th or 6th century AD

Imperium sine fine

Imprimatur

Newton's Principia , with the imprimatur by Samuel Pepys

Imprimatur .: "Let it be printed." - Ecclesiastical printing permission, which is normally granted by a Catholic bishop.

Imprimi

Imprimi potest.: “It can be printed.” - Corresponds to the imprimatur .

In

In absentia: "In absence" - e.g. B. from a court hearing that takes place in the absence of the accused

In abstracto: “In general” - apart from individual cases

In aeternum: "Forever" - forever

In alio mundo: "In the other world"

In arte voluptas

In articulo mortis: "At the time of death"

In Baccho et Venere: “With Bacchus and Venus” - Bacchus is the god of wine and Venus is the goddess of love.

In balneis salus.: "There is healing in baths."

In brevi: "In a short time" - in brief

In camera: "In the Chamber" - In secret

In the Capitolium ascendere: “Climb the Capitol” - move into the Capitol in triumph

In casu: "In the case (that ...)"

In casum: "In the event" - z. B. "In casum contraventionis" - "in the event of a violation" or "In casum necessitatis" - "in an emergency"

In Christo baptizati, Christum induistis.: “All of you who have been baptized into Christ have put on Christ as a garment.” - Gal 3:27 VUL .; Episcopal motto of Franz-Peter Tebartz-van Elst .

In concrete terms: "In reality"

In corpore: "In the body" - as a whole, together; from an institution, if not individual members act, but the membership as a whole.

In cunabulis: "In the cradle" - derived from this incunabula or cradle prints, printed writings from the early days of letterpress printing

In dubio mitius: "In case of doubt, the milder" - specification of the presumption of innocence in criminal proceedings

In dubio pro duriore: “In case of doubt for the harder” - In criminal proceedings, the public prosecutor's office is obliged to bring charges even if there are doubts as to whether the accused was responsible.

In dubio pro libertate: “In case of doubt for freedom” - Digest 50,17,20.; This principle of Roman law stipulated that in the event of the release of a slave, which was not unequivocally decreed in the will, he was to be considered free.; Over time, the validity of the sentence was expanded to the effect that an obligation based on a law or contract should be rejected in the event of a disputed interpretation.; Today a jurisprudential principle according to which a decision should be made in favor of the free exercise of fundamental rights.

In dubio pro reo: “In case of doubt for the accused” - principle of jurisprudence

In duplo: "In duplicate (copy)"

In effigy: “In the image” - as opposed to “in flesh and blood” or “in persona”. Criminals who could not be caught were often hanged in effigy in the past . At demonstrations today, a doll of the hated opponent is sometimes burned.

In extenso: "In extended form" - d. H. “Detailed”, “complete”, “unabridged”.

In fidem: "To trust" - For verification by ...

In fine (if): "At the end"

In fine videtur, cuius toni.: “At the end you can see which key (the piece was composed) in.” - In medieval music, it is often only at the finalis that one can tell which key a piece is based on.

In flagrante delicto: "In the Flaming Crime" - d. H. "In the act"; like red-handed

In red light: "In the flaming (crime)" - d. H. "In the act"; Shortening of “in crimine flagranti”; as in flagrante delicto

In flore: "In (the) bloom"

In foro: "On the forum" - d. H. "in court"

In hoc signo vinces : Labarum

In hoc signo vinces .: “In this sign you will win.” - Refers to the victory of Constantine the Great against his rival Maxentius in 312 in the battle of the Milvian Bridge .

In loco: "At the place" - such as For example: "The water samples were analyzed in loco ."

In loco parentis: "Instead of a parent"

In manu tua sors mea: “In your hand my fate”, elliptical slogan on a gable wall of a house on the Prinzipalmarkt

In manus tuas commendo spiritum meum: “I commend my spirit into your hands” - according to the Gospel of Luke 23:46, the last words of Jesus on the cross

In medias res: (often also medias in res ); “Into the middle of things” - From Horace ; refers to the literary technique of inserting a narrative in the middle or towards the end of the plot. Examples are the Iliad , the Odyssey and Paradise Lost . Compare ab initio .

Memorial plaque for John F. Kennedy in Vienna

In memoriam: "In memory of / in memory of"

In kind

In necessariis unitas, in dubiis libertas, in omnibus caritas: "In what is necessary, unanimity prevails, in doubtful freedom, but in everything charity."

In nocte consilium: “Good advice comes overnight.” - Motto of Birkbeck College , University of London.

In nomine Patris et Filii et Spiritus sancti: “In the name of the Father, of the Son and of the Holy Spirit” - It is spoken in the Catholic Church for the sign of the cross according to Matthew 28:19.

In nova, animus mutatas dicere formas / corpora.: “My heart drives me to speak of how figures were transformed into new bodies.” - Ovid , Metamorphoses 1, 1 f

In a nutshell: “In a nutshell” - in a nutshell, to the point

In omni adversitate fortunae infelicissimum genus infortunii est fuisse felicem.: "With every stroke of fate, the most unfortunate kind of misfortune is to have been happy."

In omnia paratus: "Ready for everything"

In omnibus veritas: “The truth in everything!” - the motto of the University of Mannheim

In paradisum: "Into Paradise" - the first words of a Catholic hymn that became part of the liturgy of death in the Middle Ages. It begins with the following verses: "In paradisum deducant te angeli, / in tuo adventu suscipiant te martyres, / et perducant te in civitatem sanctam Ierusalem." to the holy city of Jerusalem. "

In partibus infidelium: “In the area of the unbelievers” - unbelievers here mean non-Christians. After the conquest of a considerable part of the Roman Empire by Islam, the episcopal seats there were not formally given up and, as titular bishops , were given primarily to auxiliary bishops .

In patriam reducere.: "To lead back to the fatherland." - with the meaning of: "conquer"

In pectore: "In the chest / in the bosom" - as a phrase for "in secret". Origin of the Italian in petto . A cardinal in pectore is a cardinal appointed by the Pope whose name is kept secret.

In perpetuam memoriam: "For Eternal Remembrance"

In pluribus unum: "There is unity in diversity."

In praeteritum non vivitur.: “You don't live towards the past.” - Legal principle according to which maintenance claims for the past cannot be asserted

In principio erat verbum.

In right: "In the matter" - legal term

In the region of caecorum rex est luscus.: “In the land of the blind, the one-eyed one is king.” - Erasmus , Adagia

In rerum natura: "In the nature of things", also: "in the physical world"

In sacco croci dormivit: “He slept on a sack of saffron.” - The intoxicating effect inherent in saffron , which is said to manifest itself in fits of laughter and symptoms similar to drunkenness, was transferred with this phrase to very exuberant, “crazy” behavior.

In saeculo: "In the (profane) world" - So z. B. outside of monastic life or before death.

In salvo: "Safe"

In situ: "In place" - in the original place, in the original position or arrangement, "in place".; For example, in medical contexts, the expression that the disease is still in its original location and has not spread. In archeology, that an object is at the place of discovery.

In-law: "In the hope of ..."

In statu nascendi: “In the state of being born” - in the initial state

In stipulis magnus sine viribus ignis: “A huge fire in the straw with no effect”: a flash in the pan .; Virgil Georgica 3.99, says this about sexual activities in old age.; As an original peasant language, Latin is poor in metaphors and mainly knows those of flowing water and fire. In order to understand the verse quoted, it is also helpful to know that vires also means procreative power .

In toto: "As a whole", completely, completely

In triplo: "In triplicate (copy)"

In tyrannos: “Against the tyrants” - the motto of Friedrich Schiller's play The Robbers

In usum Delphini: "To the use of the Dauphin " - Rare variant of ad usum Delphini

In utrumque paratus: “Ready for both” - Virgil , Aeneid 2.61. This is how the Greek Sinon is characterized, who with his deception tempts the Trojans to bring the wooden horse into the city: "Equipped for both, to complete deception, otherwise to succumb to certain death"

In vacuo: “In a vacuum” - viewed in the dark or in isolation or without reference to facts or evidence

In varietate concordia: Unity in multiplicity - European motto that should contribute to the creation of a European identity.

In vino feritas.: "There is passion in wine."

Cork of a wine bottle

In vino veritas .: "There is truth in wine." - Pliny the Elder states in his natural history :; "Vulgoque veritas iam attributa vino est" ("Generally one ascribes truth to wine up to now."); The phrase probably goes back to the Greek poet Alkaios of Lesbos , who wrote:; " Ἐν οἴνῳ ἀλήθεια. "

Invitatio ad offerendum: "Request to submit an offer"

In vitro: “In the glass” - experiment or process that takes place in an unnatural laboratory arrangement, for example in a test tube . In contrast to in vivo .

In vivo: “On the living object” - experiment or process that is carried out on the living object, as opposed to in vitro .

Inceptio

Inceptio est amentium, haud amantium.: "This is how crazy people act, not those in love." - Love drives you crazy ( Terence )

Incertum

Incertum quo fata ferunt.: "It is uncertain where fate will lead." - Motto for the coat of arms of the city of Wyk auf Föhr (after Virgil , Aeneis III, 5: incerti quo fata ferant )

Incipe

Incipe, dimidium facti est coepisse.: Get started, half the act is getting started!

Incipe pollicitis addere facta tuis.: “Begin to add action to your promises!” - Horace , Amores 2,16,48.

Incipit

First page of the Gospel of Luke in the Codex Aureus

Incipit .: “It begins.” - The beginning of a text after which this is quoted, for example “Our Father”.

Incipit vita nova.: “A new life begins.” - the motto of the so-called symbolic art of the English illustrator Aubrey Beardsley

Incidere

Incidere in foveam: Fall into a pit

Incidit

Incidit in Scyllam, qui vult vitare Charybdim.

Incredibile

Incredibile dictu: "Incredible to say"

In the

Inde datae leges, ne firmior omnia posset.: "That's why there are laws so that the stronger cannot do everything."

Inde irae et lacrimae: "Hence the anger and the tears"

index

Index Librorum Prohibitorum from Venice, 1564

Index Librorum Prohibitorum: “Index of Forbidden Books” - List of books that were classified as heretical by the Catholic Church and therefore could not be read without permission. The index first appeared in 1543, last in 1966, and at the end comprised around 6,000 titles.

Individual

Indivisibiliter ac inseparabiliter.: “Indivisible and inseparable.” - the motto of Austria-Hungary

Infamibus

Infamibus portae non pateant dignitatum.: “Access to official dignity is not open to the dishonorable!” - This provision on the deprivation of the ability to hold public office goes back to the Codex of Justinianus (12,1,2).

Infandum

Infandum, regina, iubes renovare dolorem.: “Inexpressible pain, queen, you command me to bring to mind.” Virgil , Aeneid 2,3.; With these words, Aeneas begins his story of the fall of Troy through Odysseus ' trick with the wooden horse, of the fight for the city, of its fire and of the flight with his family.

Infans

Infans detur ei feminae, cuius interfuit, et quae eum curavit, non ei, cuius nihil interfuit, quamquam ex ea natus est.: “The child is given to the woman who was interested in it and who cared about it, not the one who was not concerned about it, although it was born from her.” - Compare Bertolt Brecht's play The Caucasian Chalk Circle ! These and other versions of the story go back to the anecdote of the proverbial Solomonic judgment in the Old Testament ( 1st Book of Kings 3: 16-28).

Infantes

Infantes perhibent et stultos dicere verum.: Walther of Châtillon; "One takes the view that children and fools tell the truth." Quoted in short: "Children and fools tell the truth,"

Infausta

Infausta: "(Prognosis) hopeless" - medical term; see also prognosis

Influx

Influxus physicus: “Physical influence” - In scholasticism, the term for the influence of the soul on the body and in Cartesianism for the interaction between soul and body ( influence mutelle ).

Infra

Infra correcturam (ic): “Below the correction, not worth a correction” - A correction note that says that an exam misses the requirements so clearly that it is not worth correcting to the end.

Iniqua

Iniqua nunquam regna perpetuo manent.: “Unjust rule never lasts forever.” Seneca , Tragedy Medea , 196.

Iniquissimam

Iniquissimam pacem iustissimo bello antefero.: "I prefer the most unjust peace to the most just war."

Initia

Initia in potestate nostra sunt, de eventu fortuna iudicat.: "The beginnings are in our power, fate decides the outcome."

Initio

Initio: "At the beginning"

Initium

Initium sapientiae timor Domini.: "The beginning of wisdom is the fear of the Lord" (Psalm 111:10)

Inquietum

Inquietum est cor nostrum, donec requiescat in te.

Listing

Listing.

Integer

Integer vitae scelerisque purus: “Impeccable in life and pure from crime” - Horace , carmina 1,22,1

Intellectus

Intellectus agens: “Active reason” - term from the theology of the Doctor of the Church Thomas Aquinas following Aristotle . The active reason structured the ideas gained through the senses and makes them the possible reason available.

Intellectus archetypus: "Archetypal Reason"

Intellectus ectypus: "Representative reason"
Intellectus possibilis: "Possible Reason" - The Real Knowledge

Intellectus purus: “Pure reason” - term from the writings of the philosopher Descartes following Aristotle . With pure reason , innate ideas are recognized without recourse to the senses.

Intellego

Intellego, ut credam.: "I see it to believe."

Intellexeram

Intellexeram, inquit, si tacuisses.: “I would have understood, he said, if you had been silent.” - See also: “ Si tacuisses, philosophus mansisses. "

Intentio

Intentio obliqua Intentio recta: Two terms from scholastic philosophy that designate one of two types of attitudes; * intentio obliqua: "obliquely directed"; * intentio recta : "Being straight"

Inter

Inter alia: "Amongst other things"

Inter canem et lupum: "Between dog and wolf" - d. h .: at dusk

Inter arma caritas: "In the midst of arms, charity"

Inter arma enim silent leges: "Because under arms the laws are silent"

Inter cetera: “Among other things” - title of a papal bull

interregnum: “Between Governments” - The Interregnum as a temporary period without government

Inter spem et metum: "Between Hope and Fear"

Inter urinas et faeces homo nascitur: "Man is born between urine and rubbish."; Origin unknown; not by Augustine , as often claimed (no entries in the Thesaurus linguae Latinae , nor in the digital version of the Augustine works) - possibly of medieval origin or the Renaissance.

Inter vivos: “Among the living” - Used primarily for gifts.

interim

Diogenes and Alexander

Interim fit aliquid.: “In the meantime something is happening.” - When time comes, advice comes. Quote from the Andria by the poet Terenz

Interim velim a sole non fruit.: "In the meantime I want you not to stand in the sun." - Diogenes of Sinope is said to have said these words to Alexander the Great when he visited him. He said this, of course, in Greek: “ Μικρὸν ἀπὸ τοῦ ἡλίου μετάστηθι. "( Mikron apo tou hēliou metastēthi. - " Get out of the sun a bit. " )

Interni

Interni actus per se spectabiles non sunt.: "Internal processes are not obvious."

Interpretatio

Interpretatio Christiana: "Christian interpretation" - reinterpretation of pagan texts or customs in the Christian sense, such as B. the 4th Ecloge des Virgil as the announcement of the birth of Christ.

Intra

Intra muros: “Inside the walls” - i.e. "not public"

Intra vires: "In the sphere of influence"

Introite

Introite, nam et hic dii sunt.: "Come in, for there are gods here too."

Intus

Intus Hecuba, foris Helena: "Inside (bad like) Hekuba, from the outside (beautiful like) Helena"; It is a Latin translation of a line from a poem by Gregory of Nazianzen in which Hekuba is characterized as an evil woman.; Hecuba was the Queen of Troy who saw the fall of her city, while Helena , for whom the Trojan War was fought, returned to her husband Menelaus .

Inveni

Inveni portum… above the entrance to the Palazzo De Angelis in San Marco di Castellabate

Inveni portum. Spes et fortuna valete. Sat me lusistis. Ludite nunc alios.: “I've found a port. Hope and happiness farewell! You have fooled me enough. Now play with others! "; This epigram in the form of a distich is preserved in the memoirs of Giacomo Casanova . When he decided in 1760 to become pious, the abbot of Maria Einsiedeln suggested the verse as an inscription over the door to his monastery cell. Casanova called it a translation of verses by the Greek poet Euripides . As such, however, they cannot be traced, but were often used mainly as grave inscriptions, also in shortened form.; After the lawyer Anselm von Feuerbach took up his position in Bamberg, he closed his letter of thanks of June 28, 1814 to the Bavarian king with this quote.; When Gil Blas , the protagonist of a novella by Alain-René Lesage , was given a country house, he had these two Latin verses chiseled in gold letters above the entrance, but with one word omitted, so that the verse is destroyed.

Invictus

Armstrong clan's coat of arms badge

Invictus maneo.: “I will remain undefeated.” - Motto of the Scottish Armstrong clan; The Armstrong clan descends from a warrior named Fairbairn , who is said to have lifted the Scottish king, David I , in full battle armor with only one arm on his own horse in 1138 after he had lost his horse. From then on David I called him "Sir Strong Arm" .

Invictus morior.: "I die undefeated." - Quote from the works of the writer Cornelius Nepos :

Invidia

Invidia dolor est ex alienis commodis.: “Envy is suffering for the benefit of others.” - Publilius Syrus: Sententiae

Invidia festos dies non agit.: “Envy doesn't hold holidays.” - Bacon: De dignitate et augmentis scientiarum 6.3

Invidia gloriae comes.: “Envy is the companion of fame.” - Cornelius Nepos: De excellentibus ducibus exterarum gentium

John

Puerto Rico coat of arms

Iohannes est nomen eius.

The Latin saying is also Puerto Rico's motto .

Iovem

Iovem lapidem iurare.: Swear by the Jupiter stone.

Iovi

Iovi Optimo Maximo: "The best and greatest Jupiter"

Often on tombstones dedicated to Jupiter

Ipse

Ipse dixit

Ipsissima

Ipsissima verba: “Exactly these words” - especially in Christian theology one searched for ipsissima verba Iesu , that is, Aramaic Jesus words in the otherwise Greek written Gospels, in order to have words that could be considered completely original.

Ipsissimus

Ipsissimus: "He highest self" - mostly ironically used superlative of the pronoun ipse ( self ); z. B. in Plautus , where Charmides, when asked whether it is himself, replies “ipsissumus” (“bodily himself”).

Ipso

Ipso facto: “By the fact itself.” - With an inevitable consequence. In the legal sense, a part of the contract in which a circumstance that occurs later has a consequence for the contract. Example: A clause in an installment contract that if there is a default in payment, the entire outstanding amount is due immediately. A contractual clause according to which the entire contract becomes invalid if one of the contractual partners becomes insolvent.

Ipso iure: "By law"

Ira

Ira furor brevis.: "The anger is a short frenzy." - The whole sentence reads:; "Ira furor brevis est, animum rege, qui nisi paret, imperat."; "Anger is a short frenzy, control your passion, if it doesn't obey, it commands."

Ira initium insaniae.: Anger is the beginning of madness.

Irascendum

Irascendum non esse magister iracundissimus disputat.: “The teacher argues with great anger that one must not be angry.” - Quotation from the works of the philosopher Seneca

Irishman

Ire docetur eundo.: You learn to walk by walking.

Is

Is fecit, huic prodest.: "He did it, it's good for him."

Ita

Ita est vita hominum.: That's the way people live.

Ita vero: "So (it is) certain" - i.e. "Yes certainly". Latin doesn't have a separate word for "yes"

Ite

Ite, missa est.: “Go, (the meeting) is canceled” - closing words of the priest in the Latin Holy Mass . The word mass is derived from this formula. The answer is Deo gratias.; Translation after the bulkhead : "Go there, you are dismissed."

Iudaei

Iudaei et Dominum occiderunt.: “The Jews even killed the Lord Jesus.” - Claim against the Jews , which ignores the fact that Jesus Christ himself was a Jew and that the judgment was carried out by the Roman occupying forces.

Iudex

Iudex a quo: "Judge by whom" (a legal case is submitted)

Iudex ad quem: "Judge to whom" (a legal case is referred)

Iudex damnatur, cum nocens graduation.: “The judge will be convicted if the guilty person is acquitted.” - With a wrong judgment, the judge makes himself guilty if he abandons an innocent person.

Iudex non calculat.: “The judge does not calculate.” - This word is often used jokingly in the sense of “The judge (or lawyer) cannot calculate”. What is meant, however, is that the judge does not decide by counting arguments, but by weighing them (according to their persuasiveness). The historical origin of the sentence, on the other hand, lies in a more technical statement in the digests (Macer Dig. 49, 8, 1, 1), according to which obvious calculation errors in the judgment do not harm and can be corrected without further ado, cf. today § 319 ZPO.

Judice

Iudice Fortuna cadat alea.: "Let the dice fall with the goddess of luck as judge." - Quote from the satiricon of the poet Titus Petronius (122,174)

Iudicis

Iudicis est innocentiae subvenire.: It is the judge's job to help innocence.

Iudicium

Judgment of God: Kunigunde of Luxembourg walks over glowing coals (ceiling painting in Corvey Abbey )

Iudicium dei

Iulio

Iulio et Caesare consulibus: “Under the consulate of Julius and Caesar” - Gaius Julius Caesar dominated in his year of office in 59 BC. BC as consul so much about his colleague Marcus Calpurnius Bibulus that the Romans made fun of it. He withdrew from all official business, never left his house and contradicted all official acts of Caesar in writing.

Junctis

Junctis viribus: "With united forces".

Iura

Iura novit curia.: "The court knows the law."

Iura pudorque et coniugii sancta fides fugiunt aulas.: “Justice, shame and holy conjugal fidelity flee the courts.” - Quotation from the writings of the philosopher Seneca.

Iure

Iure: "Rightly"

Iure meritoque: “Rightly and according to merit” - Rightly so

Iure naturae aequum est neminem cum alterius detrimento et iniuria fieri locupletiorem.: “According to natural law, it is right and proper that no one should become richer for another under harm and injustice.” - Digest 50,17,206.

Juris

Iuris praecepta sunt haec; honeste vivere, alterum non laedere.: “The prescriptions of law are as follows; live honorably, do not harm another. "

Ius

Ius civile: "Civil Law"; In Roman law, the totality of all legal norms that were applied exclusively to Roman citizens. It was in contrast to the regulations that governed dealings with foreigners and that were referred to as jus gentium.; This also includes the following statement:; "Ius civile neque inflecti gratia neque perfringi potentia neque adulterari pecunia debet." - "Citizenship must not be bent by favor, nor broken by power, nor falsified by money."

Ius cogens: “Mandatory law” - A legal norm cannot be waived by agreement of the parties for reasons of the protection of a party or legal relations.

Ius de non appellando: "Right of last instance" - the prerogative of the German imperial estates to maintain courts whose judgments could not be appealed to a Reich court such as the Reich Chamber of Commerce.

Ius dispositivum: "Flexible law" - the relevant legal norm can be waived by the parties. Applies to most civil law laws .

Ius divinum: "Divine Right"

Ius gentium: “International Law” - the legal system that regulates the relationships between subjects of international law.

Ius gladii: “Sword law” - power of attorney to pronounce death sentences outside of Rome within the framework of capital jurisdiction and to have them carried out

Ius indigenatus: “Rights of the natives” - privileges that the Prussian Federation had guaranteed by Poland, limited Polish interference and regulated self-government.

Ius posterius derogat priori.: "Later law breaks earlier law." - Variant of " Lex posterior derogat priori " .

Ius primae noctis: Jules-Arsène Garnier - Le Droit Du Seigneur (1872)

Ius primae noctis: “Right of the first night” - the alleged right of a court lord to be allowed to spend the first night with the bride when marrying persons under his rule.

Ius Sanguinis: “Right of blood” - the principle according to which a state grants its citizenship to children whose parents or at least one parent are citizens of this state. It is therefore also called the "principle of descent".

Ius solos: “Right of the Land” - the principle according to which a state grants its citizenship to all children born on its territory.

Ius summum saepe summa est iniuria.: "The highest right is often the highest injustice."

Ius talionis: "Right to retaliation" - variant of " Lex talionis " .

Iuvat

Iuvat ipse laboratory.: “The work itself is a pleasure.” - Quote from the writings of the poet Martial.

Iuvat o meminisse beati / temporis.: “Oh, it is a pleasure to remember a happy time!” - Ovid , Metamorphoses 7,797f.

Iuvenesque

Iuvenesque, senesque et pueri nasum rhinocerotis have.: “Young people, old people and boys have a rhinoceros nose.” - What is meant by this is that they have their nose very high. Quote from the writings of the poet Martial

Iuventus

Iuventus Mundi: "Youth of the World" - the motto of the Don Bosco Foundation , which helps street children around the world.

Individual evidence

^ Karl Ernst Georges : Comprehensive Latin-German concise dictionary…, sv 'ferrum' (with many references, Sp. 2733 at Zeno.org ).
↑ V. 15: seditione, dolis, scelere atque libidine. Translation from the edition by Hans Färber . Munich 1960.
↑ V. 3; Translation by Hans Färber, as above.
↑ 1,279.
^ Translation: Virgil, Aeneis […] translated and ed. by Wilhelm Plankl […] (= RUB . Volume 221–224). Reclam, Stuttgart 1963.
↑ Confessiones , 1, 1
^ Hugo Grotius: De jure belli ac pacis. 2nd book. Paris 1625, chap. 16, § 1.
↑ Trinummus 988.
↑ Anselm Schott : The missal of the holy church. Schott 2. Herder, Freiburg 1956, p. 418.

[1] Karl Ernst Georges : Comprehensive Latin-German concise dictionary…, sv 'ferrum' (with many references, Sp. 2733 at Zeno.org ).

[2] V. 15: seditione, dolis, scelere atque libidine. Translation from the edition by Hans Färber . Munich 1960.

[3] V. 3; Translation by Hans Färber, as above.

[4] 1,279.

[5] Translation: Virgil, Aeneis […] translated and ed. by Wilhelm Plankl […] (= RUB . Volume 221–224). Reclam, Stuttgart 1963.

[6] Confessiones , 1, 1

[7] Hugo Grotius: De jure belli ac pacis. 2nd book. Paris 1625, chap. 16, § 1.

[8] Trinummus 988.

[9] Anselm Schott : The missal of the holy church. Schott 2. Herder, Freiburg 1956, p. 418.