Art year 1861
1857 | 1858 | 1859 | 1860 | Art year 1861 | 1862 | 1863 | 1864 | 1865 | ►
Overview of the Art Years
Further events
Art year 1861 | |
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The new Wallraf-Richartz-Museum opens. | |
Frederic Edwin Church paints Our Banner in the Sky during the Civil War .
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Events
architecture
- The provisional building for the House of Representatives of the Reichsrat in Vienna is being erected by the architect Ferdinand Fellner at Währinger Strasse 2-6 (opposite the construction site of the Votive Church that dominates the square , just one block from Ringstrasse ). Construction of the two-storey transom wall construction will start on March 12th . Construction is completed after just six weeks and will be ready for occupancy on April 25th . In this short time, around 500 workers are employed day and night, night shifts are carried out with torch lighting. The temporary facility, which was used until the parliament building was completed in 1883, was given the name Schmerlingtheater by the population after Prime Minister Anton von Schmerling or Shack .
- The Altlerchenfeld parish church in Vienna is completed and inaugurated on September 29th .
- End of the year: Construction of the New Court Opera on Vienna's Ringstrasse begins.
- Construction of the Heinrichshof begins opposite the construction site for the Vienna Opera . The architect of the noble interest house commissioned by Heinrich von Drasche-Wartinberg is Theophil Hansen .
- The garden architect Rudolph Siebeck became a city gardener in Vienna , where in the following years he laid out numerous public gardens in the style of English landscape parks . The Vienna City Park will be his first project .
painting
France
Paul Cézanne is coming to Paris from his hometown of Aix-en-Provence in April . After being rejected from the École des Beaux-Arts , he enrolls at the Académie Suisse . There he meets Armand Guillaumin , Achille Emperaire and Camille Pissarro, who is ten years his senior . However, he does not feel at home in Paris and will return to Aix-en-Provence in September to work in his father's bank.
- Pierre-Auguste Renoir begins studying painting in the class of the Swiss painter Charles Gleyre .
- While his work Portrait of the Parents met with only moderate criticism, the Guitarrero ( The Spanish Singer ) by Édouard Manet earned mostly admiration and was even given an ›Honorable Mention‹ by the jury of the Salon de Paris . Due to the success of this painting, a group of young painters quickly gathered around Manet, including Henri Fantin-Latour , Felix Bracquemond , Emile Auguste Carolus-Duran and Alphonse Legros , who soon saw Manet as their leader. The writers Charles Baudelaire , Jules Champfleury and Édmond Duranty also belong to this environment .
- Joanna Hiffernan is James McNeill Whistler in his Paris studio on the Boulevard des Batignolles first model for his portrait symphony in white no. 1, girls in white . In a letter to Henri Fantin-Latour , Whistler describes "the impossibility of painting them".
Further plants worldwide
- Under the impression of the attack on Fort Sumter , the staunch supporter of the Union Frederic Edwin Church paints the patriotic painting Our Banner in the Sky , which is widely used in the northern states in a modified form as a lithograph . In the same year, one of his most famous pictures is created based on sketches of his North Sea voyage from 1859 : The Icebergs .
- The Swiss genre painter Albert Anker paints the picture on Sunday afternoon .
photograph
- March 22nd : The Photographische Gesellschaft , the first association of photographers in Austria, is founded in a hall of the Imperial Academy of Sciences in Vienna .
- The April 12 broken Civil War is one of the first wars that are photographically documented. Mathew B. Brady , Alexander Gardner and Timothy H. O'Sullivan are among the first photographic war correspondents who sometimes take photos so close to the battlefield that they are almost captured.
Exhibitions and museums
The Hogarth Club of the Pre-Raphaelites held from February to May in 6 Waterloo Place , London, his last exhibition. In September - after a discussion as to whether the demand for entrance fees is admissible - the dissolution of the non-profit association is decided by the members due to financial problems and carried out in December.
In Cologne, the new Wallraf-Richartz-Museum , donated by Johann Heinrich Richartz for Ferdinand Franz Wallraf's art collections and built according to plans by Josef Felten and Julius Carl Raschdorff in the English-Neo-Gothic style , opens on July 1st after a five-year construction period.
- October 1st - November 24th : General German Art Exhibition in Cologne: Arnold Ferdinand Ewald , Ferdinand Georg Waldmüller , Marie Wiegmann and Reinhard Sebastian Zimmermann, among others, are exhibiting here .
- When the banker JHW Wagener left his collection in his will, the National Gallery was created in Berlin.
Awards ceremonies
- Léon Bazille Perrault receives from the French de France à Rome Académie awarded Prix de Rome for painting.
Others
- The artists' association Malkasten acquires the home of the philosopher Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi in Düsseldorf as the association's headquarters .
Born
- January 6 : Victor Horta , Belgian Art Nouveau architect († 1947 )
- January 7th : Henry Berthold von Fischer , Swiss architect († 1949 )
- February 2 : Solomon R. Guggenheim , American industrialist and art patron († 1949 )
- February 22 : Marie von Miller , German painter and the wife of Oskar von Miller († 1933 )
- February 25 : Santiago Rusiñol , Catalan painter, writer, journalist and playwright († 1931 )
- February 28 : Julius Bergmann , German painter († 1940 )
- March 6 : Friedrich Eckenfelder , German Impressionist painter († 1938 )
- April 5 : Fritz Encke , German horticultural architect and royal horticultural director († 1931 )
- April 20 : Hermann Muthesius , German architect, privy councilor in the Prussian Ministry of Commerce († 1927 )
- April 23 : Carl Moll , Austrian Art Nouveau painter († 1945 )
- May 12 : William Bidlake , English architect († 1938 )
- May 23 : József Rippl-Rónai , Hungarian painter of symbolism and late impressionism and pioneer of modernism in Hungarian painting († 1927 )
- September 13 : Frederick Judd Waugh , American painter, illustrator and author († 1940 )
- September 16 : Franz Matsch , Austrian painter († 1942 )
- September 18 : Walter Schott , German sculptor († 1938 )
- October 4 : Frederic Remington , American painter, sculptor and illustrator († 1909 )
- October 5 : Toni Elster , German painter († 1948 )
- October 23 : Rudolf Köselitz , German painter and illustrator († 1948 )
- October 23 : Wilhelm August Wrage , German painter († 1941 )
- October 30 : Emile Antoine Bourdelle , French sculptor and teacher († 1929 )
- November 7th : Lesser Ury , German painter and graphic artist († 1931 )
- December 8 : Aristide Maillol , French sculptor, painter and graphic artist († 1944 )
- December 10 : Elisabeth von Heyking , German writer and painter († 1925 )
- 1860 /1861: Elizabeth Hawkins-Whitshed , Irish climber, photographer and writer († 1934 )
Died
- February 9 : Francis Danby , Irish painter (* 1793 )
- February 21 : Ernst Rietschel , German sculptor of late classicism (* 1804 )
- July 25 : Clara Sockl , Austrian painter and teacher (* 1822 )
- September 3 : Christian Heinrich Tramm , German architect (* 1819 )
- September 22nd : Ernst Friedrich Zwirner , German master builder and architect (* 1802 )
- November 26th : Wilhelm Hensel , German painter (* 1794 )
- December 25 : Theodor Sockl , Austrian painter and photographer (* 1815 )