List of heads of state 948

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Africa

• Egypt
  • Ruler : Abu l-Qasim Unudschur ibn Muhammad (946–961)

• Ethiopia
  • Emperor (Negus Negest) : Tatadim (919–959)

• Fatimids
  • Caliph : Ismail al-Mansur (946–953)

• Idrisids in Morocco
  • Imam : al-Qasim Gannun ibn Muhammad (937-948)
  • Imam: Ahmad ibn al-Qasim (948–954)

Asia

• Armenia
  • King : Abas I (928–952)

• Bagan
  • King : Sale Ngahkwe (934–962)

• Champa
  • King : Indravarman III. (918-959)

• China
  • Emperor : Liú Zhīyuǎn (947–948)
  • Emperor: Liú Chéngyòu (948–950)
  • Liao (in North China)
    • Emperor : Liao Shizong (947–951)

• Georgia
  • King : Sumbat I (945–958)

• India
  • Eastern Chalukya
    • King : Amma II (947–970)
  • Chola
    • King : Paranthaha I (907–955)
  • Pala
    • King : Gopala III. (945-962)
  • Pratihara
    • King : Mahendrapala II (943–948)
    • King: Devapala (948–954)
  • Rashtrakuta
    • King : Krishna III. (939-967)

• Iran
  • Buyiden
    • Ruler of Jibal : Rukn ad-Daula Abu Ali Hasan (947–977)
    • Ruler of Fars and Khuzistan : Imad ad-Daula Abu l-Hasan Ali (934–949)
    • Ruler of Kirman : Muizz ad-Daula Abu l-Husain Ahmad (936–949)
  • Saffarids
    • Ruler : Abu Jafar Ahmad (923–963)
  • Samanids
    • Ruler : al-Amir al-Hamid Nuh (943–954)
  • Ciyarids
    • Ruler : Zahir ad-Daula Abu Mansur Woschmgir (935–967)

• Japan
  • Emperor : Murakami (946–967)

• Khmer
  • King : Rajendravarman II (944–968)

• Korea
  • Goryeo
    • King : Jeongjong (945–949)

• Mataram
  • King : Sri Isyana Tunggawijaya (947–985)

• Caliphate of the Muslims
  • Caliph : al-Mutīʿ li-ʾllāh (946–974)

Europe

• Bulgaria
  • Tsar : Peter I (927–969)

• Burgundy
  • King : Konrad III. (937-993)

• Byzantine Empire
  • Emperor : Constantine VII (913–959)

• Denmark
  • King : Gorm (936–958)

• England
  • King : Eadred (946–955)
  • Jórvík
    • King : Erik I (948–949)

• West Franconia
  • King : Ludwig IV. (936–954)
  • Anjou
    • Count : Fulko II. (941–958)
  • Aquitaine
    • Duke : Wilhelm III. (935-963)
  • Auvergne
    • Count : Robert II (945–968)
  • Burgundy (Duchy)
    • Duke : Hugo the Black (923–952)
  • Maine
    • Count : Hugo I. (900–950)
  • Normandy
    • Duke : Richard I (943-996)
  • Toulouse county
    • Count : Raimund III. (923-960)

• Eastern Franconia
  • King : Otto I (936–973)
    • Bavaria
      • Duke : Henry I (948–955)
    • Bohemia
      • Duke : Boleslav I (935–967)
    • Flanders
      • Count : Arnulf I. (918–964)
    • Holland
      • Count : Dietrich II. (939–988)
    • Lorraine
      • Duke : Konrad the Red (944–953)
    • Saxony
      • Duke : Otto I (936–973)
    • Swabia
      • Duke : Hermann I (926–949)

• Italy
  • National King: Lothar II (946–950)
  • Benevento
    • Duke : Pandulf I (943–959)
  • Capua
    • Prince : Landulf IV. (943–961)
  • Ivrea
    • Margrave : Berengar II. (925–964)
  • Papal States
    • Pope : Agapitus II (946–955)
  • Montferrat
    • Margrave : Aleram I. (932–969)
  • Naples
    • Duke : John III. (928–968 / 969)
  • Salerno
    • Prince : Gisulf I. (946–978)
  • Sicily ( Kalbites )
    • Emir : Hassan al-Kalbi (948-954)
  • Tuscany
    • Duke : Humbert (936–961)
  • Venice
    • Doge of Venice : Pietro III. Candiano (942-959)

• Croatia
  • King : Miroslav (945–949)

• Kievan Rus
  • Grand Duchess : Olga of Kiev (945–962)

• Norway
  • King : Håkon I (935–961)

• Raszien
  • Greater Župan : Časlav Klonimirović (927–950)

• Scotland
  • King : Malcolm I (943–954)

• Spain
  • Barcelona county
    • Count : Borrell II (947-992)
  • Caliphate of Cordoba
    • Caliph : Abd ar-Rahman III. (912-961)
  • Castile
    • Count : Fernán González (945–970)
  • Leon
    • King : Ramiro II (931–951)
  • Navarre
    • King : García I (931–970)

• Hungary
  • Grand Prince : Fajsz (948–955)

• Wales
  • Gwynedd
    • Prince : Howell the Good (942–950)
  • Powys
    • Prince : Hywel ap Cadell (942–950)